EP2595851B1 - Floor for a rail vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a floor for rail vehicles.

State of the art

The floor of passenger rail vehicles is exposed to high loads. The abrasion by the passengers and exposure to moisture and chemically aggressive cleaning agents require a robust wear layer of the floor structure. Furthermore, a rail vehicle floor must advantageously have heat-insulating and sound-insulating properties, while being light and inexpensive. In addition, according to the registration requirements for rail vehicles certain fire retardant properties of the floor must be demonstrated. The construction of rail vehicles today takes place virtually exclusively either aluminum or steel (or stainless steel). In this case, the shell structures of steel rail vehicles typically have a passenger compartment floor made of trapezoidal sheet metal and require corresponding floor structures which take this structure into account and compensate. However, aluminum shell structures have a substantially smooth, level interior floor. According to the prior art, floors for rail vehicles are constructed of panels (typically plywood or composite panels) which are connected (typically bolted) via local supports (spacer blocks or profiles) to the vehicle floor. These plywood panels are covered with a wear layer, which has the required properties, in particular wear resistance. The resulting by this construction cavities between the local requirements under the plywood panels are usually filled to improve the insulation with insulating material (eg rock wool). Such a floor structure has some disadvantages: The required height is considerable, typically the height of currently made floors is about 50mm. In addition, the design effort is considerable, since detailed drawings of the floor must be made and order items are to be created for each individual plywood board.

The moisture resistance of such floors is also unsatisfactory, as entering through damage in the wear layer or laterally penetrating the plate edges liquids accumulate in the cavities and are no longer dissipated and damage the plywood panels and pads and by the resulting mold or decay processes an impairment the use of the vehicle may occur. The weight of prior art flooring is considerable, typically a floor of a 50m2 passenger vehicle weighs about 700kg.

Another major disadvantage of common flooring is their complicated installation, since a very complex leveling process of the pads is required to achieve a flat interior surface. Multilayer floors for rail vehicles are known from the prior art. For example, in EP 0063214A1 a multi-layered, but also known in the surface multi-part floor structure. According to DE 199 27 002 A1 becomes the problem of moisture intrusion

Transition areas between floor and car body solved by arranged on the car body flat sections. In this case, a multilayer floor structure is disclosed.

Discloses another floor suitable for rail vehicles WO 00/17036 wherein a sandwich structure of reinforcing layers with an intermediate lightweight filler layer is described. The resulting individual floor panels are prepared for assembly into an entire floor. As a result, each of these joints is to ensure the liquid tightness.

The EP 1 787 797 A1 discloses a composite rail panel suitable for rail vehicles, which consists of a three-layered construction of a first aluminum layer, a filling layer of a composite material with cork portion and a second aluminum layer.

Presentation of the invention

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a floor for rail vehicles, which is easy, thin, highly insulating, easy to install and construct, environmentally friendly to recycle, moisture resistant and soundproofing and low cost.

The object is achieved by a floor with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the subordinate claims.

According to the basic idea of the invention, a floor for rail vehicles, consisting of a four-layered structure of a first metal layer, a filling layer, a second metal layer and a wear layer is constructed, which is made in one piece and covers the entire passenger compartment floor of a rail vehicle.

As the first and second metal layer, a corrosion-resistant light metal (aluminum alloy) is advantageously used, since both a sufficient strength and a low weight can be achieved.
As a filling layer, it is recommended to use cork, or a composite material with cork, since the beneficial properties of cork (low weight, elastic, shock absorbing, good thermal insulation properties, moisture resistance, fungal resistance, fire retardant properties) are optimally utilized.

The wear layer is advantageously carried out from the usual, commonly used in rail vehicle flooring materials. Especially plastic (e.g., PVC) and rubber materials are particularly suitable for this use since they have a high abrasion resistance. But also carpet materials can be used.

The connection of the metal layers with the filling layer or with the wear layer can be carried out with all suitable adhesives, for example with solvent-free or solvent-containing dispersion adhesives or with natural resin adhesives.

The essential feature of the invention is the one-piece production of a floor panel of said sandwich structure. This floor panel extends over the entire passenger compartment floor, so that only one plate is to be constructed for each type of rail vehicle, resulting in a substantial saving on development costs. With the mentioned layer structure succeeds, a floor to produce, which has the necessary inherent strength to be transported and assembled in one piece.

To further increase the strength of a floor according to the invention it is advisable to use reinforcing profiles, which are provided in certain areas between the first and the second metal layer instead of the filling layer. On the one hand, these reinforcing profiles increase the inherent strength of the floorboard, on the other hand they can be used as fixed points for fastening interior fittings (for example handrails). For the latter purpose, the reinforcing profiles are provided with suitable accommodating means, e.g. To equip thread. Hollow profiles of light metal (aluminum alloys) are particularly suitable as reinforcing profiles.

A significant advantage of the invention is that the floor can already be installed in an early stage of the rail vehicle, for example, it is possible to put the floor panel on the base and then to assemble the side walls, with sufficient protection of the floor plate in the case required welding operations is to ensure. Another mounting option is to leave an end wall of the rail vehicle open and close this end wall only after the sliding of the floor panel. Both mounting options have the advantage of being able to significantly reduce the production costs, since less manual work is required than with conventional floor structures (with several floorboards with substructure and required straightening work).

The one-piece construction results in a further significant advantage that no thermal bridges can arise and that no leveling work is required.

The floor panel according to the invention is installed floating on Fahrzeugrohfußboden, there are no further fastening means required, in particular no screw. The floor plate is, separated by some support strips (elastic plastic material), directly on the vehicle floor. However, it is recommended, in particular to prevent the lifting of the floor panel in a collision of the rail vehicle to provide floor support. These floor brackets are attached to the rail vehicle structure (e.g., the long girder). By means of this floor holder, a positive connection of the floor panel is achieved with the car body.

An essential property is the moisture resistance of a floorboard according to the invention. On the one hand, cork is very resistant to moisture, on the other hand, the cork layer is additionally protected from moisture by the two-sided protection by the first and second metal layer. The car body itself is protected by the one-piece construction of the floorboard, as there are no seams and gaps through which moisture can penetrate. At most, moisture protection is required at the edges of the floorboard.

In a further development of the invention, it is advisable to provide an edge profile, which comprises the floor plate on the circumference and has a nose, which prevents the ingress of Moisture is prevented in the gap between the vehicle body and the floor panel and further under the floor panel. Thus, even a high moisture attack, for example, during cleaning does not lead to a moisture entry under the floorboard. Such a moisture entry under the floorboard is particularly disadvantageous because the moisture from this point can no longer escape and possibly causes corrosion there. This nose on the edge profile can be connected to a cover strip provided on the inner wall (preferably waterproof), so that a very particularly moisture-resistant interior is achieved.

The edge profile can be designed differently on different marginal lines of the floorboard, for example, the nose can be designed differently in the area of entrances to prevent a risk of tripping for the passengers.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the wear layer is connected to the second metal layer by means of a pressure-sensitive adhesive. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the wear layer is removable without damaging the underlying structure and thus, for example, in the event of damage to the wear layer, it is exchangeable. The remaining layers of the floorboard can remain in the vehicle.

Brief description of the drawings

• Fig.1 den Schichtaufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Fußbodens für Schienenfahrzeuge.
• Fig.2 einen erfindungsgemäßen Fußboden für Schienenfahrzeuge mit einem Verstärkungsprofil.
• Fig.3 einen Fußboden für Schienenfahrzeuge mit einem Verstärkungsprofil, Schnittdarstellung.
• Fig.4 den Schichtaufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Fußbodens für Schienenfahrzeuge mit einem Randprofil.
• Fig.5 den Einbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Fußbodens in ein Schienenfahrzeug.

They show by way of example:

• Fig.1 the layer structure of a floor according to the invention for rail vehicles.
• Fig.2 a floor according to the invention for rail vehicles with a reinforcing profile.
• Figure 3 a floor for rail vehicles with a reinforcing profile, sectional view.
• Figure 4 the layer structure of a floor according to the invention for rail vehicles with an edge profile.
• Figure 5 the installation of a floor according to the invention in a rail vehicle.

Embodiment of the invention

• Fig.1 shows by way of example and schematically the layer structure of a floor according to the invention for rail vehicles. A floor F for rail vehicles comprises a first metal layer 1, which faces the vehicle base in the installed state, a filler layer 2 arranged on this first metal layer 1, a second metal layer 3 arranged on this filler layer 2 and a wear layer 4 arranged on this second metal layer 3 This wear layer 4 is made of the materials (plastic) generally used in rail vehicle construction. The elements of this floor F are connected to each other, for example by means of adhesive bond firmly and permanently, so that they form a plate. The filling layer 2 is made of cork, or a cork mixture, wherein the thickness of this filling layer 2 is particularly the heat and sound insulation properties of the floor F determined.
• Fig.2 shows by way of example and schematically a floor according to the invention for rail vehicles with a reinforcing profile. It is the floor F off Fig.1 shown, wherein the floor F is constructed according to the invention as a one-piece plate, which covers substantially the entire interior floor of the rail vehicle. Furthermore, he knows in Fig.2 Floor F shown by way of example comprises a reinforcing profile 5, which is provided centrally in the longitudinal direction of the floor and is arranged between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 3 in a recess of the filling layer 2. In Fig. 2 the reinforcing profile 5 is not visible because it is hidden by the wear layer 4 and the second metal layer 3.
• Figure 3 shows by way of example and schematically a floor according to the invention for rail vehicles with a reinforcing profile in a sectional view. It is the floor F off Fig. 2 shown in section. The floor F has the same layer construction as in Fig.1 , of a first metal layer 1, a filling layer 2, a second metal layer 3 and a wear layer 4. Between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 3, a reinforcing profile 5 is arranged in a recess in the filling layer 3. By way of example, a hollow profile constructed from three chambers is shown. This reinforcing profile 5 may further comprise receiving means, which allow, for example, the assembly of interior equipment (eg handrails) of the rail vehicle. These would be parts of the Reinforced reinforcing profile 5 reinforced to perform with larger wall thicknesses, so that at this point appropriate fasteners (thread) can be provided.
• Figure 4 shows by way of example and schematically the layer structure of a floor according to the invention for rail vehicles with an edge profile. It is a section through a floor F with the layer structure as it is in Fig.1 shown is shown. At the edge of the floor F, an edge profile 6 is arranged, which surrounds the layer structure of the first metal layer 1 - filling layer 2 - second metal layer 3. The wear layer 4 is withdrawn in the region of the edge profile 6, it does not extend to the edge of the floor F. The edge profile 6 has a nose 7, which is arranged on the side of the wear layer 4 and extends in the direction of the passenger compartment. This nose 7 serves to prevent the ingress of moisture into the space below the floor F. This edge profile 6 may be designed circumferentially around the entire floor F, wherein it is possible to use different contoured edge profiles 6 on different outlines of the floor F, for example profiles with different shaped nose 7. The edge profile 6 is connected to the layer structure of the floor F in a suitable manner, generally by means of an adhesive connection.
• Figure 5 shows by way of example and schematically the installation of a floor according to the invention in a rail vehicle. A rail vehicle, shown is a section transverse to the longitudinal axis, comprises a wheel, a base with two outer side rails and two side walls and is equipped with a floor F. The floor F is on the unfinished floor of the rail vehicle by means of several Support strips 8 stored, another attachment such as. For example, screw, are not required because the floor F is optimally adapted to the available space due to the exact outline executed and thus can not move.

List of terms

F

floor

1

first metal layer

2

filling layer

3

second metal layer

4

wear layer

5

reinforcement profile

6

edge profile

7

nose

8th

supporting strip

Claims (9)

1. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle, consisting of a four-layer structure comprising a first metal layer (1), a filling layer (2), a second metal layer (3) and a wear layer (4), which are bonded undetachably to one another, wherein the first metal layer (1) and the second metal layer (2) are produced from an aluminium alloy and the filling layer (2) is produced from a composite material with a cork content, wherein the floor (F) is produced in a single piece and is suitable for covering the entire floor of the passenger space of a rail vehicle.
2. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterised in that the wear layer (4) is produced from a plastic material.
3. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterised in that the wear layer (4) is produced from a rubber material.
4. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterised in that the wear layer (4) is produced from a carpet material.
5. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that an edge profile (6) is provided which encompasses the floor (F) on all sides and is bonded undetachably to the floor (F).
6. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterised in that the edge profile (6) has a flange (7) oriented in the direction of the passenger space.
7. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least one reinforcing profile (5) is provided which is arranged between the first metal layer (1) and the second metal layer (3) in a recess in the filling layer (2).
8. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle according to claim 7, characterised in that the reinforcing profile (5) comprises fastening means for mounting internal equipment for the rail vehicle.
9. Floor (F) for a rail vehicle according to claim 8, characterised in that the fastening means for mounting internal equipment for the rail vehicle is a thread.

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