EP2587058B1 - Bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine - Google Patents

Bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2587058B1
EP2587058B1 EP11798014.4A EP11798014A EP2587058B1 EP 2587058 B1 EP2587058 B1 EP 2587058B1 EP 11798014 A EP11798014 A EP 11798014A EP 2587058 B1 EP2587058 B1 EP 2587058B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
cylinder block
layer
tapered
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP11798014.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2587058A1 (en
EP2587058A4 (en
Inventor
Kazuhiro NUMAGUCHI
Takashi Niidome
Takahiro TSUBO
Naoyuki Okuno
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Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
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Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
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Publication of EP2587058A1 publication Critical patent/EP2587058A1/en
Publication of EP2587058A4 publication Critical patent/EP2587058A4/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F04B1/22—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
    • F04B1/24—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons inclined to the main shaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/2021—Details or component parts characterised by the contact area between cylinder barrel and valve plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/0804—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F04B27/0808—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
    • F04B27/0813—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons inclined to main shaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/0804—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F04B27/0821—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block component parts, details, e.g. valves, sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/0826—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block component parts, details, e.g. valves, sealings, lubrication particularities in the contacting area between cylinder barrel and valve plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/083—Nitrides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/12—Coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/24—Heat treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine, for example, used as a hydraulic pump or a hydraulic motor in a construction machine or the other general machine.
  • a fixed displacement type or variable displacement type bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine is known as a hydraulic rotating machine used as a hydraulic pump or a hydraulic motor in the filed of construction machines or general machines.
  • the bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine is constituted by including a casing, a rotational shaft rotatably provided in the casing, a cylinder block which is rotatably provided in the casing to rotate together with the rotational shaft and in which a plurality of cylinder holes are formed in such a manner as to be spaced in the circumferential direction and axially extend, and a plurality of pistons each of which has one end in an axial direction supported on the rotational shaft and the other end slidably inserted into each of the cylinder holes of the cylinder block for reciprocating in the respective cylinder holes with rotation of the cylinder block.
  • the bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine is provided with a center hole formed along a rotational shaft center of the cylinder block, a center shaft fitted into the center hole of the cylinder block to center the cylinder block, a valve plate which is provided between the casing and the cylinder block to be positioned in the other side in the axial direction and in which supply and discharge ports (low-pressure port and high-pressure port) communicated with each of the cylinder holes are formed, and a spring provided between the center shaft and the cylinder block to urge the cylinder block toward the valve plate.
  • a drive disc is provided integrally with the rotational shaft positioned in the casing at a base end-side end portion thereof, and a protrusion-side end portion of each piston protruding from the cylinder block and a protrusion-side end portion of the center shaft are pivotably coupled to the drive disc (Patent Document 1).
  • the piston rod member of the pistons is integrally formed with a cylinder inside surface contact part, which is located at a deeper side from the cylinder block than this piston rod part and contacts the inside surface of the cylinder. Piston rings are provided near the cylinder inside surface contact part, and a copper alloy material part is provided at an inlet of the cylinders, on which the piston rod part of the piston slides.
  • the other piston rod member is made of ferrous material (Patent Document 2).
  • a rotary compressor wherein in the compressor mechanism connected and fixed with the rotor of a motor, a shaft provided with an eccentric part slidably contacted with a vane is provided, the shaft is made of a steel pipe, in addition, the structure of the surface favorably containing the eccentric part is heat-treated to make a wear resistant layer such as pearlite, martensite, or bainite to proper extent, and after final finishing such as grinding in the integrated condition of the shaft and the eccentric part, as the surface treatment, manganese phosphate treatment or molybdenum disulfide treatment, or both treatment by manganese phosphate and molybdenum disulfide are executed (Patent Document 3).
  • sliding parts and a frequency variable type refrigerant compressor using these parts are known, wherein the nitriding treated layer essentially consisting of iron nitride is formed by an ion nitriding method on the surface of the metallic base material consisting of an iron system.
  • the solid lubricant layer such as chemical conversion film of manganese phosphate having 0.5 to 20mum thickness is provided on the surface of this nitrided layer. Since the chemically inert iron nitride layer is formed on the solid lubricant layer, the temperature rise of the sliding surface is small and the shearing force of the solid lubricant is small, by which the coefficient of dynamic friction is additionally lowered.
  • the good wear resistance is imparted to the frequency variable type refrigerant compressor even during low-and high-speed operation, if such sliding parts are used for this compressor (Patent Document 4).
  • a base material of the cylinder block is formed with a cast metal, a steel material or the like and, for example, a nitriding layer formed by executing nitride-based heat treatment is provided on a surface side of the base material.
  • the nitriding layer is constituted by, for example, a diffusion layer and a compound layer.
  • a bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine may comprise: a tubular casing; a rotational shaft rotatably provided in the casing; a cylinder block which is provided in the casing to rotate together with the rotational shaft and provided with a plurality of cylinder holes to be spaced in the circumferential direction and axially extend; and a plurality of tapered pistons each of which has one end in an axial direction pivotably supported on the rotational shaft and the other end reciprocally inserted into each of the cylinder holes of the cylinder block.
  • a feature of the construction may lie in that a nitriding layer formed by executing nitride-based treatment together with the cylinder hole is formed in the cylinder block, and a chemical conversion film composed of a manganese phosphate film is formed on a surface side of the nitriding layer.
  • the chemical conversion film composed of the manganese phosphate film might be formed on the peripheral wall (surface) side of the cylinder hole as to cover the nitriding layer.
  • the chemical conversion film promptly fits in the configuration of the tapered piston sliding and displacing in the cylinder hole. Therefore, a surface pressure on the contact location between the cylinder hole and the piston can be reduced to achieve a reduction in wear thereof.
  • the chemical conversion film of the manganese phosphate is formed as having a film thickness equal to or more than the wear amount, it can be prevented for the wear to reach the vicinity of a boundary surface between the compound layer and the diffusion layer in the nitriding layer to prevent the nitriding layer formed in the cylinder block from being damaged due to wear.
  • the chemical conversion film can be formed in a state where the surface area increases by forming the nitriding layer and executing the chemical treatment by manganese phosphate on the surface thereof, the chemical conversion film is easier to adhere thereto.
  • the nitriding layer formed in the cylinder block might be constituted by a diffusion layer formed on a surface side of a base material and a compound layer formed on a surface side of the diffusion layer, and the chemical conversion film composed of the manganese phosphate film might be formed on a surface side of the compound layer. Therefore, the chemical conversion film of the manganese phosphate promptly fits in the configuration of the tapered piston sliding and displacing in the cylinder hole, and a reduction in wear of the contact section between the cylinder hole and the piston can be achieved.
  • the nitriding layer formed in the cylinder block might be constituted by a diffusion layer formed on a surface side of a base material and a compound layer formed on a surface side of the diffusion layer, and the chemical conversion film composed of the manganese phosphate film might be formed in the cylinder hole of the cylinder block in a state of removing the compound layer in the nitriding layer by abrasive means.
  • the chemical conversion film equal to or more than the wear amount of the opening peripheral edge might be formed after removing the compound layer by the abrasive means, and thereby damages of the nitriding layer formed in the cylinder block due to the wear can be suppressed. Therefore, the deteriorating of the roughness of the sliding surface at the opening peripheral edge of the cylinder hole can be suppressed to keep sliding characteristics of the tapered piston to be proper.
  • the tapered piston might be provided with a nitriding layer formed by executing nitride-based treatment thereon and an oxidized film formed on a surface side of the nitriding layer.
  • the tapered piston subjected to surface treatment having more appropriate resistance to galling by the oxidized film can be manufactured, and the wear to the cylinder block at the opening peripheral edge of each cylinder hole can be effectively reduced. Therefore, damages of the nitriding layer formed in the cylinder block due to the wear can be suppressed.
  • Fig. 1 to Fig. 16 show a bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine according to an example.
  • the casing 1 is a casing of a hydraulic motor representative of bent axis type hydraulic rotating machines.
  • the casing 1 is constituted by a tubular casing body 2, an intermediate section of which is bent in the longitudinal direction, and a head casing 3 to be described later.
  • the casing body 2 is constituted by one side tubular portion 2A positioned in one side in an axial direction and the other side tubular portion 2B positioned in the other side in the axial direction, wherein an intermediate section between the one side tubular portion 2A and the other side tubular portion 2B is bent.
  • the one side tubular portion 2A of the casing body 2 is provided with a shaft through hole 2C formed in one end portion in the axial direction.
  • Denoted at 3 is a head casing fixed to an end face (head side end face) in a side of the other side tubular portion 2B in the casing body 2, and the head casing 3 is provided with a pair of supply and discharge passages (any of them is not shown) formed therein.
  • a high-pressure side supply and discharge passage among the supply and discharge passages supplies pressurized oil discharged from a hydraulic pump (not shown) through a supply and discharge port 13B of a valve plate 13 to be described later to respective cylinder holes 8.
  • a low-pressure side supply and discharge passage discharges return oil from a side of a supply and discharge port 13C of the valve plate 13 to be described later to a side of a tank (not shown) .
  • Denoted at 4 is a rotational shaft provided in the one side tubular portion 2A of the casing body 2, and the rotational shaft 4 is constituted as an output shaft of the hydraulic motor.
  • the rotational shaft 4 is rotatably supported through a bearing in the one side tubular portion 2A of the casing body 2.
  • the rotational shaft 4 has one end side protruding through the shaft through hole 2C outside of the casing body 2.
  • the rotational shaft 4 has the other end side extending in the one side tubular portion 2A of the casing body 2 toward the other side tubular portion 2B and the end portion provided integrally with a drive disc 5 rotating together with the rotational shaft 4.
  • the drive disc 5 is arranged in a position in the vicinity of the boundary section between the one side tubular portion 2A and the other side tubular portion 2B of the casing body 2.
  • the drive disc 5 is respectively provided with a central-side concave spherical portion 5A positioned in the central-side of the other side end face and a plurality of concave spherical portions 5B for rotational transmission positioned outside of the concave spherical portion 5A in a radial direction to be spaced in the circumferential direction from each other.
  • the central-side concave spherical portion 5A is slidably coupled to a spherical portion 9A of a center shaft 9 to be described later.
  • the plurality of the concave spherical portions 5B are pivotably coupled to spherical portions 10B of respective tapered pistons 10 to be described later.
  • Denoted at 6 is a cylinder block rotatably provided in the casing 1, and the cylinder block 6 is coupled through the center shaft 9 and the respective tapered pistons 10 to be described later to the drive disc 5 to rotate together with the rotational shaft 4.
  • the cylinder block 6 is formed in a thick, cylindrical shape, and has a central portion in which a center hole 7 is formed along a rotational center axis O - O for slidably inserting the center shaft 9 to be described later therein.
  • the cylinder block 6 is provided with a plurality of cylinder holes 8 (regularly the odd number such as five, seven or nine) formed therein, which are spaced from each other by a constant interval in the circumferential direction around the center hole 7 and extend in an axial direction.
  • the cylinder block 6 is constituted by executing nitriding treatment and chemical conversion film treatment of manganese phosphate, which will be described later, as surface treatment to a base material 16, which will be described later, formed by using an iron-based material such as cast iron or cast steel.
  • the cylinder block 6 has an end face in a side of the head casing 3 constituted as a sliding surface 6A in a concave curved shape in sliding contact with the valve plate 13 to be described later.
  • a plurality of cylinder ports 8A are formed between the sliding surface 6A of the cylinder block 6 and the respective cylinder holes 8, which are communicated/blocked in a side of the sliding surface 6A by the valve plate 13.
  • each of the cylinder holes 8 has an opening peripheral edge 8B, and the opening peripheral edge 8B is also constituted as an inlet portion peripheral edge for inserting the tapered piston 10 to be described later into the cylinder hole 8.
  • the center shaft 9 Denoted at 9 is the center shaft provided to be inserted into the center hole 7 for centering the cylinder block 6.
  • the center shaft 9 has one end side formed as the spherical portion 9A and the other end side formed as a spring accommodating hole 9B with a bottom.
  • the spherical portion 9A of the center shaft 9 is slidably fitted into the concave spherical portion 5A formed in the center side of the drive disc 5.
  • a spring 14 to be described later is disposed in the spring accommodating hole 9B of the center shaft 9.
  • the tapered piston 10 is constituted by a tapered shaft portion 10A formed to be enlarged in diameter in a tapered shape from one end side to the other end side, a spherical portion 10B formed integrally with one (small diameter portion) end side of the tapered shaft portion 10A, a piston portion 10C formed in the other (large diameter portion) end side of the tapered shaft portion 10A, and an oil hole 10D axially extending in the tapered piston 10 from an end face of a side of the piston portion 10C to a side of the spherical portion 10B.
  • the tapered piston 10 has the side of the piston portion 10C slidably inserted into the cylinder hole 8.
  • the piston portion 10C has an outer peripheral side provided with two sealing members 11 and 12 composed of piston rings attached thereto for ensuring sealing properties between the cylinder hole 8 and the piston 10.
  • the spherical portion 10B of the tapered piston 10 is pivotably (slidably) coupled in the concave spherical portion 5B of the drive disc 5, and a part of the oil liquid supplied into the cylinder hole 8 is resupplied on the sliding surface therebetween as lubricating oil from the oil hole 10D side.
  • Denoted at 13 is the valve plate provided between the head casing 3 of the casing 1 and the cylinder block 6, and the valve plate 13 has one side face, which opposes the cylinder block 6, formed as a switching surface 13A in a convex curved shape and the other side face formed as a flat surface to be fixed to the head casing 3.
  • the sliding surface 6A slides and rotates to the switching surface 13A of the valve plate 13, and thereby supply and discharge of pressurized oil to and from each cylinder hole 8 is performed as follows.
  • the valve plate 13 is provided with a pair of supply and discharge ports 13B and 13C formed therein, each having an eyebrow shape and extending in the circumferential direction.
  • the supply and discharge ports 13B and 13C are communicated with the pair of the supply and discharge passages formed in the head casing 3.
  • the supply and discharge ports 13B and 13C are intermittently communicated with the cylinder ports 8A of the respective cylinder holes 8 with rotation of the cylinder block 6.
  • one supply and discharge port 13B as a high-pressure side is connected to the high-pressure side supply and discharge passage among the pair of the supply and discharge passages and supplies pressurized oil discharged from the hydraulic pump (not shown) into each of the cylinder holes 8.
  • the other supply and discharge port 13C as a low-pressure side is connected to the low-pressure side supply and discharge passage among the pair of the supply and discharge passages, and discharges return oil discharged from each of the cylinder holes 8 to a side of the tank (not shown) .
  • Denoted at 14 is the spring provided between the center shaft 9 and the cylinder block 6, and the spring 14 is arranged in the spring accommodating hole 9B of the center shaft 9, and all the time urges the cylinder block 6 toward the switching surface 13A of the valve plate 13. Therefore, the cylinder block 6 rotates relative to the valve plate 13 in the forward direction or in the backward direction in a state where the sliding surface 6A is in close contact with the switching surface 13A of the valve plate 13.
  • Designated at 15 is the surface treatment layer formed in the cylinder block 6.
  • the surface treatment layer 15 is formed to cover the surface side of the cylinder block 6 including the center hole 7 and the plurality of cylinder holes 8 wholly.
  • the surface treatment layer 15 is constituted by a nitriding treatment layer 17 formed by executing nitride-based heat treatment as described later to a base material 16 of the cylinder block 6 formed using an iron-based material such as cast iron or cast steel, and a chemical conversion film 18 to be described later.
  • the nitriding layer 17 comprises a diffusion layer 17A formed on the surface side of the base material 16 and a compound layer 17B formed to cover the surface side of the diffusion layer 17A.
  • the compound layer 17B of them is formed as a harder layer than the diffusion layer 17A, and a thickness of the compound layer 17B is the order of 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • Denoted at 18 is the chemical conversion film formed to cover the compound layer 17B of the nitriding layer 17.
  • the chemical conversion film 18 forms a manganese phosphate film on the surface side of the compound layer 17B by treatment means such as dipping, for example.
  • the chemical conversion film 18 of the manganese phosphate is excellent in initial fitting properties to a sliding material such as the tapered piston 10, and a film thickness thereof is set as a thickness of 10 to 20 ⁇ m or more, for example. Further, the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate promptly fits in the surface configuration of the tapered piston 10 sliding and displacing in the cylinder hole 8, and reduces the surface pressure in the contact section between the cylinder hole 8 and the tapered piston 10 to reduce the wear therebetween.
  • the surface treatment layer 20 is formed to cover the surface side of each of the tapered shaft portion 10A, the spherical portion 10B and the piston portion 10C of the tapered piston 10 wholly.
  • the surface treatment layer 20 comprises a nitriding layer 21 formed by executing nitride-based heat treatment to be described later to a base material 10' of the tapered piston 10 and an oxidized film 22 to be described later.
  • the nitriding layer 21 of the tapered piston 10 also comprises a diffusion layer 21A and a compound layer 21B as similar to the nitriding layer 17 of the cylinder block 6.
  • Denoted at 22 is the oxidized film formed to cover the compound layer 21B of the nitriding layer 21.
  • the oxidized film 22 forms a surface layer of oxidized iron (Fe 3 O 4 ) by attaching superheated steam of, for example, 500°C or more to the surface side of the compound layer 21B.
  • the oxidized film 22 forms a dense and stable layer at the outermost surface side of the tapered piston 10 to enhance anti-oxidation properties, anti-corrosion properties, anti-wear properties, and the like of the tapered piston 10.
  • the bent axis type hydraulic motor according to the example has the construction as described above, and hereinafter, an operation thereof will be explained.
  • the pressurized oil discharged from the hydraulic pump (not shown) is sequentially supplied through the high-pressure side supply and discharge passage formed in the head casing 3 and the supply and the discharge port 13B in the valve plate 13 to the respective cylinder holes 8, and the hydraulic force at this time sequentially expands each of the tapered pistons 10 from each of the cylinder holes 8 toward the side of the drive disc 5.
  • the return oil from each of the cylinder holes 8 is discharged from the low-pressure side supply and discharge port 13C and the supply and discharge passage to the side of the tank following the displacement of each of the tapered pistons 10 into the cylinder hole 8 in the contracting direction.
  • each of the tapered pistons 10 makes contact with the inner peripheral wall and the opening peripheral edge 8B of the cylinder hole 8, and therefore the rotational force is transmitted to the cylinder block 6 to cause the cylinder block 6 and the drive disc 5 to rotate in synchronization with each other.
  • This region includes a constant section (contact region A of a low-pressure side shown in Fig.
  • each of the tapered pistons 10 provided to be inserted into the respective cylinder holes 8 of the cylinder block 6 makes contact with the inner peripheral wall and the opening peripheral edge 8B of the cylinder hole 8 in the low-pressure side contact region A and the high-pressure side contact region B shown in Fig. 4 while the cylinder block 6 rotates one revolution.
  • transmission of the rotational force from the tapered piston 10 to the cylinder block 6 is made to cause the cylinder block 6 and the drive disc 5 to rotate in synchronization with each other.
  • a comparative example according to the conventional arts will be explained with reference to Fig. 6 .
  • a nitriding layer alone is formed in each of cylinder holes 8' of a cylinder block 6'. Therefore, wear tracks 23' are formed in an opening peripheral edge 8B' of each of the cylinder holes 8' in the cylinder block 6'.
  • the compound layer on the surface side is separated, and galling or burn-in or the like is possibly generated in the side of the opening peripheral edge 8B' of the cylinder hole 8'.
  • the compound layer is in advance removed from the nitriding layer, for example, by honing processing or the like to form a honing surface excellent in anti-galling properties and anti-burn-in properties.
  • the wear track 23' reaches a depth of 10 ⁇ m or something, in some cases the honing surface is eliminated due to wear.
  • the surface roughness of the opening peripheral edge 8B' is deteriorated, so that sliding characteristics of the tapered piston are deteriorated to cause the galling, the burn-in or the like to be easily generated.
  • the surface treatment of the cylinder block 6 is executed according to the procedure shown in Fig. 7 .
  • the base material 16 of the cylinder block 6 formed by using an iron-based material is prepared.
  • nitride-based heat treatment is executed to the base material 16 of the cylinder block 6. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 11 , the nitriding layer 17 comprising the diffusion layer 17A and the compound layer 17B is formed (step 1 in Fig. 7 ).
  • the base material 16 of the cylinder block 6 is dipped over a predetermined time in a bath (not shown) in which manganese phosphate is heated and melted.
  • the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate is formed on the surface side of the compound layer 17B by the dipping treatment.
  • the compound layer 17B of the nitriding layer 17 is covered with the chemical conversion film 18 from an outside to be coated over the entire surface.
  • the surface treatment is also executed to the tapered piston 10 according to the procedure shown in Fig. 8 .
  • the base material 10' of the tapered piston 10 formed by using an iron-based material or the like is prepared.
  • nitride-based heat treatment is executed to the base material 10' of the tapered piston 10. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 14 , the nitriding layer 21 comprising the diffusion layer 21A and the compound layer 21B is formed (step 11 in Fig. 8 ).
  • the oxidized film treatment at step 12 for example, superheated steam of 500°C or more is attached to the surface side of the compound layer 21B.
  • the oxidized film 22 made up of a surface layer of oxidized iron (Fe 3 O 4 ) is formed.
  • the compound layer 21B of the nitriding layer 21 is covered with the oxidized film 22 from an outside to be coated over the entire surface.
  • the chemical conversion film 18 made up of the manganese phosphate film is formed on the surface side of the cylinder block 6, particularly on the peripheral wall (surface) side of the cylinder hole 8 to cover the nitriding layer 17. Therefore, the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate positioned in the outermost side in the surface treatment layer 15 promptly fits in the outer configuration of the tapered piston 10 sliding and displacing in the cylinder hole 8, making it possible to achieve the initial fitting effect.
  • the surface pressure in the contact section between the cylinder hole 8 and the tapered piston 10 can be reduced to achieve a reduction in wear.
  • the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate to have the film thickness equal to or more than the wear amount, it can prevent the wear from reaching the vicinity of the boundary surface between the compound layer 17B and the diffusion layer 17A in the nitriding layer 17. Namely, at this time, the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate alone is worn and the wear does not develop more than that. Therefore, damages of the nitriding layer 17 formed in the cylinder block 6 due to wear can be suppressed.
  • the inventors inserted the tapered piston 10 into the cylinder hole 8 of the cylinder block 6 to repeat sliding tests and made tests of measuring a surface roughness in the opening peripheral edge 8B of the cylinder hole 8, namely, an average surface roughness (Ra).
  • a surface roughness in the opening peripheral edge 8B of the cylinder hole 8 namely, an average surface roughness (Ra).
  • the average surface roughness (Ra) of the opening peripheral edge 8B is lowered with an elapse time of the sliding test, making it possible to obtain stable surface roughness.
  • the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate positioned in the outermost side in the surface treatment layer 15 formed in the cylinder hole 8 of the cylinder block 6 fits in the outer configuration of the tapered piston 10 sliding and displacing in the cylinder hole 8. Therefore, the average surface roughness (Ra) of the opening peripheral edge 8B is lowered as the sliding test continues. After the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate fits in the outer configuration of the tapered piston 10, the surface roughness of the opening peripheral edge 8B becomes a proper degree, and it can be confirmed that the surface roughness becomes stable in this state.
  • the comparative example does not include a chemical conversion film of manganese phosphate or the like. Therefore, as a characteristics line 25 in Fig. 15 , the surface roughness of the opening peripheral edge 8B' of the cylinder hole 8', namely, the average surface roughness (Ra) is deteriorated with an elapse time and the wear gradually develops.
  • the wear amount in the opening peripheral edge 8B of the cylinder hole 8 was measured for examination.
  • the wear amount of the opening peripheral edge 8B can be suppressed to an amount smaller than a depth dimension h.
  • the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate is formed to have a film thickness equivalent to a dimension h.
  • an adverse influence of the wear on the nitriding layer 17 formed in the cylinder block 6 can be suppressed, and the nitriding layer 17 can be protected by the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate.
  • the comparative example shown in Fig. 6 does not include the chemical conversion film of manganese phosphate or the like. Therefore, as a characteristics line 27 in Fig. 16 , it is confirmed that in the opening peripheral edge 8B' of the cylinder hole 8', the wear amount increases with an elapse time and the wear develops largely over the depth dimension h.
  • the oxidized film 22 in addition to the nitriding layer 21 is formed on the surface side of the tapered piston 10. Therefore, the tapered piston 10, in which the surface treatment more excellent in anti-galling properties is executed by the oxidized film 22, can be manufactured. In addition, the wear of the cylinder block 6, that is, the wear of the opening peripheral edge 8B of each of the cylinder holes 8 can be effectively reduced.
  • the tapered piston 10, to which the surface treatment of the oxidized film 22 was executed was inserted into the cylinder hole 8 of the cylinder block 6 for making sliding tests.
  • the wear on the opening peripheral edge 8B can be reduced. Namely, it was confirmed that, the wear in the tapered piston 10, to which the surface treatment of the oxidized film 22 was executed, could be further reduced in comparison with a case of the tapered piston to which the surface treatment of the oxidized film 22 was not executed (characteristics line 26).
  • a layer of the oxidized film 22 is formed on the outermost surface side of the surface of the tapered piston 10.
  • the wear in the contact section between each of the cylinder holes 8 in the cylinder block 6 and the tapered piston 10 can be suppressed.
  • the chemical conversion film 18 of manganese phosphate is adapted for the outer configuration of the tapered piston 10 sliding and displacing in the cylinder hole 8 for prompt fitting. Accordingly, generation of the bias in the contact region between the opening peripheral edge 8B of the cylinder hole 8 and the tapered piston 10 can be suppressed.
  • the spreading of the contact region between the opening peripheral edge 8B of the cylinder hole 8 and the tapered piston 10 can be suppressed and an increase of a heat value due to enlargement of the contact region can be suppressed to enhance reliability of the bent axis type hydraulic motor (hydraulic rotating machine).
  • Fig. 17 to Fig. 20 show a bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine according to a first embodiment in the present invention.
  • the first embodiment is characterized in the structure that the compound layer positioned on the surface side in the nitriding layer is removed by abrasive means and in this state, the chemical conversion film is formed on the surface side. It should be noted that in the present embodiment, components identical to those in the first embodiment are referred to as identical codes and an explanation thereof is omitted.
  • the surface treatment of the cylinder block 6 is executed according to the procedure shown in Fig. 17 .
  • a surface treatment layer 31 formed on the surface side of the cylinder block 6 comprises the nitriding layer 17 and a chemical conversion film 32 to be described later as similar to the first embodiment.
  • nitride-based heat treatment is executed to the base material 16 of the cylinder block 6. Therefore, the nitriding layer 17 comprising the diffusion layer 17A and the compound layer 17B is formed as similar to the first embodiment (step 31 in Fig. 17 ).
  • the removing treatment at step 32 is added to be executed.
  • the compound layer 17B positioned on the surface side in the nitriding layer 17 is removed by abrasive means such as honing processing.
  • the diffusion layer 17A of the nitriding layer 17 is exposed to an outside on the surface side of the base material 16 as shown in Fig. 19 .
  • the base material 16 of the cylinder block 6 is dipped over a predetermined time in a bath (not shown) in which manganese phosphate is heated and melted.
  • the chemical conversion film 32 of manganese phosphate is formed on the surface side of the diffusion layer 17A by the dipping treatment as shown in Fig. 20 , and the diffusion layer 17A of the nitriding layer 17 is covered with the chemical conversion film 32 from an outside to be coated over the entire surface.
  • the operational effect similar to that of the first embodiment mentioned before can be obtained.
  • the following effect can be achieved by removing the compound layer 17B positioned on the surface side of the nitriding layer 17 by abrasive means.
  • the chemical conversion film 32 equal to or more than the wear amount of the opening peripheral edge 8B is formed.
  • damages of the diffusion layer 17A in the nitriding layer 17 formed in the cylinder block 6 due to wear can be suppressed. Therefore, the deteriorating of the roughness of the sliding surface on the opening peripheral edge 8B of the cylinder hole 8 can be suppressed to keep sliding characteristics of the tapered piston 10 to be appropriate.
  • the present invention is not limited to the same, and it may be applied to, for example, a variable displacement type hydraulic motor of a bent axis type. Further, the present invention may be applied to a fixed displacement type or a variable displacement type hydraulic pump of a bent axis type. In this case, a low-pressure side port among a pair of supply and discharge ports is used as an suction port, and a high-pressure side port is used as a supply port.
  • the surface treatment layer 20 formed in the tapered piston 10 comprises the nitriding layer 21 and the oxidized film 22 as an example.
  • the present invention is not limited to the same, and for example, the surface treatment layer of the tapered piston 10 may comprise the nitriding layer alone.
  • the tapered piston may be subjected to heat treatment other than nitride-based treatment for increasing a hardness of the surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
EP11798014.4A 2010-06-23 2011-06-14 Bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine Active EP2587058B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010142347A JP5425722B2 (ja) 2010-06-23 2010-06-23 斜軸式液圧回転機
PCT/JP2011/063586 WO2011162128A1 (ja) 2010-06-23 2011-06-14 斜軸式液圧回転機

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2587058A1 EP2587058A1 (en) 2013-05-01
EP2587058A4 EP2587058A4 (en) 2018-01-03
EP2587058B1 true EP2587058B1 (en) 2020-03-25

Family

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EP11798014.4A Active EP2587058B1 (en) 2010-06-23 2011-06-14 Bent axis type hydraulic rotating machine

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EP (1) EP2587058B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5425722B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN102812245B (zh)
WO (1) WO2011162128A1 (zh)

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JP6781082B2 (ja) 2017-03-10 2020-11-04 日立建機株式会社 アキシャルピストン式液圧回転機

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JPH0436458A (ja) * 1990-05-31 1992-02-06 Toshiba Corp 摺動部品およびこれを用いた周波数可変型冷媒圧縮機
DE19538447B4 (de) * 1995-10-16 2006-01-19 Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh Hydrostatische Maschine mit reduzierter Druckflüssigkeitsmenge
JP2000227083A (ja) * 1999-02-04 2000-08-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ロータリ圧縮機
CN1231672C (zh) * 2002-04-29 2005-12-14 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 密封型压缩机活塞杆的制造方法
WO2004109107A1 (de) * 2003-06-11 2004-12-16 Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh Axialkolbenmaschine mit versetztem positionierelement und steuerscheibe für eine solche axialkolbenmaschine
JP2005201220A (ja) * 2004-01-19 2005-07-28 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd 液圧回転機
DE102004033321B4 (de) * 2004-07-09 2006-03-30 Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh Axialkolbenmaschine mit Verschleißschutzschicht
DE102005041408A1 (de) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-08 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbenrings für Verbrennungsmotoren sowie einen derartigen Kolbenring
JP2007092829A (ja) * 2005-09-28 2007-04-12 Toyota Motor Corp 弁
JP2008101581A (ja) * 2006-10-20 2008-05-01 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd 斜軸式液圧回転機
CN201502521U (zh) * 2009-07-27 2010-06-09 梅河口市兴业精密钢管厂 抽油泵泵筒表面层结构

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2587058A1 (en) 2013-05-01
CN102812245B (zh) 2015-10-07
JP2012007509A (ja) 2012-01-12
EP2587058A4 (en) 2018-01-03
WO2011162128A9 (ja) 2012-03-08
WO2011162128A1 (ja) 2011-12-29
JP5425722B2 (ja) 2014-02-26
CN102812245A (zh) 2012-12-05

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