EP2582606A1

EP2582606A1 - Holding brake with locking mechanism

Info

Publication number: EP2582606A1
Application number: EP11724229.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christian Studer
Original assignee: Inventio AG
Current assignee: Inventio AG
Priority date: 2010-06-15
Filing date: 2011-06-09
Publication date: 2013-04-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-09
Also published as: CA2802480A1; CN102933481B; US8978832B2; RU2012153188A; HK1184426A1; KR20130143539A; RU2555252C2; SG186324A1; ZA201300279B; CN102933481A; MX2012014623A; MY160940A; ES2534879T3; AU2011267171A1; EP2582606B1; JP2013534499A; WO2011157627A1; BR112012031769A2; US20110303494A1

Abstract

Holding brake (20) for use in a lift installation which comprises a lift car, a drive and a drive controller, wherein a supporting means and, via said supporting means, the lift car can be moved by means of the drive. The holding brake (20) is designed to apply a mechanical braking action with respect to a guide rail (17) of the lift installation such that the lift car maintains its vertical position after the holding brake (20) has been actuated. The holding brake (20) comprises a locking mechanism (21) which is designed in such a way that it acts on the guide rail (17) from two mutually opposite sides (S1, S2).

Description

Holding brake with locking mechanism

The invention relates to a holding brake for a

Elevator system, a suitably equipped

Elevator installation, i. an elevator system having at least one such holding brake, and a method for

Operating such a lift system.

Elevator systems of a conventional type generally have a drive, a drive control associated with the drive, and a braking system.

At the elevator cabs, holding brakes are used that must comply with the requirements of the safety regulations.

From the patent EP 0 648 703 Bl a hydraulically actuated disc brake is known, attack in the brake case brake plates on a guide rail and secure the elevator car at a floor stop against unauthorized upward movements and downward movements.

From the patent application EP 0 999 168 A2 / A3 a locking device is known, which can be engaged from the outside and which builds up the necessary braking force for securing the elevator car with the movement in Au f w r t s r i c h t u n g or in the downward direction of the elevator car.

From EP 1 840 068 A1 an elevator system with a car brake has become known, in which sliding wedges slide on tracks running obliquely to a guide rail. In the case of braking, each hydraulic actuator pushes a respective brake wedge along the path counter to the direction of travel of the elevator car. As soon as the brake wedge comes into contact with the guide rail, the brake wedge moves on the track Continue and wedged brake enhancement between the guide rail and the track.

It therefore raises the task of a corresponding

Holding brake to provide that combines a simple structure and a secure function together. In particular, the holding brake should exert an immediate braking effect. In addition, it involves the provision of a corresponding elevator installation and a method for operating such an elevator installation.

Details of the elevator system according to the invention and the corresponding holding brake are provided by the respective ones

independent claims defined.

The corresponding holding brake of the invention is characterized in that it is equipped with a locking mechanism, preferably a double-acting locking mechanism, for holding an elevator cage in a fixed shaft position.

The holding brake exerts a kind of symmetrical forceps action. The forceps effect results from unilaterally acting tension elements of the locking mechanism.

The holding brake in one embodiment comprises a double-acting brake which engages symmetrically. In this case, two opposing brake shoes act as active brake shoes and cause a braking force on a guide rail.

Preferably, a holding brake is used, the

is specifically designed for use in an elevator installation comprising an elevator car. The holding brake is designed to apply a mechanical braking effect with respect to a guide rail of the elevator installation, so that the

Elevator car or the counterweight after pressing the Holding brake holds its vertical position. For this purpose, the holding brake comprises a locking mechanism, preferably a double-acting locking mechanism, which is designed such that it can be mounted on two opposite sides

Guide rail acts and strengthens the braking force.

It is an advantage of the invention that a minimum

Vertical movement of the elevator car or the counterweight is sufficient to a reinforced, or self-reinforcing

Disable locking function of the holding brake. These

Lock function is triggered by the use of the locking mechanism both when the elevator car or the counterweight should move a little bit upwards (here as

illegal movement), as well as when the elevator car or the counterweight should move a little bit downwards (here as unauthorized movement

designated) .

It is an advantage of the invention that the holding brake has a self-locking function, since even with a small undesirable movement of the elevator car the

Braking effectively increased automatically.

Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in that the locking mechanism is equipped with at least one actuator to in an initial movement or

Adjustment movement to be able to deliver the brake body so that they only have to perform a small closing movement (engagement movement) in the case of activation in order to fix the elevator car more firmly.

Advantageous developments of the inventive

Elevator systems are defined by the dependent claims. In the following the invention is based on

Embodiments and with reference to the figures

described in detail.

Fig. 1 shows an elevator system with a first

Holding brake, in greatly simplified

schematic representation;

Fig. 2 shows details of a first holding brake

Fig. 3 shows details of a second holding brake

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention in a schematic overall representation. It is one

Elevator system 10 shown in a highly schematic form. The elevator installation 10 comprises an elevator car 12 and a corresponding counterweight 19, which are located in an elevator shaft

14 are guided vertically movable in opposite directions. The

Elevator cabin 12 can serve several floors (here are two floors A and B shown). The elevator car 12 can be moved by a drive 11 which, for example, as indicated in Fig. 1, located at the upper end of the shaft. In addition to the drive 11, the elevator installation 10 has a drive control 15 assigned to the drive 11 and a brake system 13. The elevator car 12 is here connected to the counterweight 19 via a suspension element 18, which runs around a traction sheave of the drive 11. The

Control technology connection of the drive control 15 with the elements of the elevator installation 10 is schematically indicated by a double arrow 16, which is a connection

symbolized between the drive 11 and the drive control 15. Typically, the drive controller receives

15 signals e.g. via the control technology link 16. These signals are converted into control variables. When the drive 11, the elevator car 12 is set in motion, at least one holding brake 20, which at the

Elevator car 12 is arranged and mechanically with at least one guide rail 17 in the elevator shaft 14 interacts, solved.

Upon reaching a destination floor (e.g., floor B in Fig. 1), the speed of the drive 11 is retracted and the braking system 13 is activated. When the correct vertical position has been reached in the elevator shaft 14, then the holding brake 20 comes into action to the

Elevator car 12 to keep exactly on the correct vertical position.

The holding brake 20, with reference to Figures 2 and 3 in two different embodiments closer

is designed for use in an elevator installation 10. The holding brake 20 is used for applying a mechanical braking effect with respect to a stationary

Guide rail 17 of the elevator system 10. By the

Holding brake 20 is held by the actuation of the elevator car 12 in its vertical position in the elevator shaft 14.

The holding brake 20 is characterized in that it comprises a locking mechanism 21, preferably a double-acting locking mechanism 21. The ratchet 21 is designed and constructed so that it acts on the guide rail 17 from two opposite sides Sl, S2.

FIGS. 2 and 3 each show a view of the holding brake 20, in which the double-acting ratchet 21 from the left (side Sl) and from the right (side S2) on the

Guide rail 17 acts. When acting on the

Guide rail 17 exerts the locking 21 a Zustellkraft BK1 and an oppositely directed feed force BK2 on the guide rail 17. The ratchet 21 preferably comprises a first brake body 22.1 and a second brake body 22.2. These brake bodies 22.1, 22.2 are opposite each other. The first brake body 22.1 has on one side, the second

Brake body 22.2 faces, a first brake shoe 23.1. The second brake body 22.2 has a second side facing the first brake body 22.1

Brake shoe 23.2 on. The first brake body 22.1 presses together with the first brake shoe 23.1 with the delivery force BK1, or with a force which is proportional to the BK1 delivery force, from the side Sl ago against the guide rail 17. The second brake body 22.2 presses together with the second brake shoe 23.2 with the Delivery force BK2, or with a force which is proportional to the feed force BK2, from the side S2 ago against the guide rail 17th

The first brake body 22.1 and the second brake body 22.2 are movably mounted on a running body 26 such that they are movable towards and away from each other in all embodiments.

The ratchet 21 is in all embodiments so

designed that the two delivery forces BK1 and BK2 are equal. This is achieved by the fact that

Double-acting ratchet 21 mechanically and / or force symmetrical to the longitudinal axis L of the guide rail 17th

is constructed / arranged.

Preferably, the ratchet 21 is realized in all embodiments by a unilaterally acting traction device 24, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

This traction device 24, or the locking mechanism 21, is so symmetrical to the first brake body 22.1 and the second brake body 22.2 constructed / arranged that two tension elements 24.1, 24.2 of the pulling device 24 with the first brake body 22.1 and two other tension elements 24.3, 24.4 of

Pulling device 24 are connected to the second brake body 22.2.

Preferably, the traction device 24, or the ratchet 21, comprises a traction cable (e.g., a steel cable) that

is arranged that result in four cable sections 24.1, 24.2, 24.3, 24.4 of the hawser, as shown in Fig. 2.

Preferably, the four cable sections 24.1, 24.2,

24.3, 24.4 a kind of rhombus or parallelogram with lateral corner points, or lateral points UL, UR at the two extremal ends of the brake body 22.1, 22.2 and with an upper extremal point, or upper deflection UO to a fastener 25 of the holding brake 20 and a lower Extremal point, or lower deflection UU to the fastener 25 of the holding brake 20th

Preferably, the traction cable of the pulling device 24 at the lateral deflection points UL, UR fixed to the respective

Brake body 22.1, respectively 22.2 connected. At the upper deflection point UO and at the lower deflection point UU are preferably (deflection) rollers 27 (as shown in Fig. 2) or sliding post provided so that the pull rope around this

Turn around points UO or UU or can slide. The axes R1, R2 of these rollers 27 or sliding posts are perpendicular to the plane E (coinciding here with the plane of the drawing). The holding brake 20 preferably comprises at all

Embodiments a fastener 25 and a

Running body 26, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The

Fixing element 25 is designed for fastening the holding brake 20 to the elevator car 12 and the running body 26 is displaceable along the fastening element 25 stored. The corresponding displacement movement is indicated in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 by the double arrow PI.

Preferably, the running body 26 has two mutually parallel rails or sliding surfaces 28 which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis L in the mounted state. In addition, the running body 26 comprises a transverse profile 29 which is fixedly connected to the rails or sliding surfaces 28. Preferably, the fastener 25 and the

Cross profile 29 arranged perpendicular to each other and form a kind of cross.

Preferably, the transverse profile carries 29 (horizontal) guides 30 for horizontally guiding the brake body 22.1, 22.2. The two brake bodies 22.1, 22.2 are so movable in, mounted on or between the guides 30 that they have a

Advance movement in the direction of the guide rail 17 can perform.

Particularly preferred embodiments are those in which at least one active actuator is used to

To be able to actively execute initial movements or infeed movements. These movements serve to bring the locking mechanism 21 in a position in which this can build the holding force with a minimum feed path. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a total of three actuators 31.1, 31.2, 31.3 are preferably used. The actuator 31.1 adjusts the brake body 22.1 in the direction of the guide rail 17 such that the first brake shoe 23.1 presses against the guide rail 17 as needed. The actuator 31.2 provides the brake body 22.2 in the direction of

Guide rail 17 to that the second brake shoe 23.2 presses against the guide rail 17, if necessary. Preferably, a middle (reset) actuator 31.3 is used, to be able to press apart the brake shoes 23.1, 23.2 for releasing the holding brake 20. Through an interaction of the actuators 31.1, 31.2, 31.3, the position of the

Brake shoes 23.1, 23.2 optimally pre-adjusted and readjusted if necessary. The actuators 31.1, 31.2 trigger a first braking effect. The actuator 31.3 releases the holding brake 20 again.

The specification of a minimum braking force by one or more actuators can also be used so that the holding brake 20 does not change during a load change from an empty elevator car 12 to a full elevator car during a corresponding passage through the zero position

opens independently.

In Fig. 3, only one central actuator 32 is used, which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis L and sits between the upper deflection point UO and the lower deflection point UU. This central actuator 32 combines the braking effect and the release of the holding brake 20 in one. The actuator 32 thus replaces the actuators 31.1, 31.2, 31.3.

Advantageous developments of the invention are thus characterized by the fact that the locking mechanism 21 is equipped with at least one actuator in order to move in an initial movement

Brake body 22.1, 22.2 to deliver so that they exert a braking effect to fix the elevator car 12.

Preferably, all actuators comprise a spring and an active actuator element, e.g. expands or contracts by the application of a voltage. An actuator in the sense of the present invention is a component or

Element that converts a signal of a control into mechanical work or motion. The signal may be an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic signal act. Electrically operated actuators are preferred in the context of the present invention.

Preferably, the ratchet 21 comprises a pull rope with

several sections 24.1 - 24.4, as shown in Fig. 2. The rollers 27 serve as pulleys around which the traction cable is guided. At the points UL and UR the pull rope is attached, so as to obtain a tensile force due to the

symmetrical structure / course of the traction cable at the points UL and UR perpendicular to the guide rail 17 acts to build up.

The locking 21 but also instead of the pull rope

Linkage 33 with several loadable on train and pressure

Rods 34.1 - 34.4, as shown in Fig. 3, include. So that this locking mechanism 21 according to FIG. 3 is equally effective with the locking mechanism 21 according to FIG. 2, a short piece of a pulling cable 35 is attached to each of the deflection points UO and UU. These traction cables 35 are between the points UOl and UO, or

stretched between UU1 and UU.

It is in the traction cable of Fig. 2 and in the

Linkage 33 together with the short traction cables 35 to a so-called unilaterally acting tension element. The effect of this

unilaterally acting tension element is the following.

When the elevator car 12 is on a floor (e.g., floor B in Fig. 1), the holding brake 20 is used as follows.

By the actuators 31.1, 31.2, the brake body 22.1, 22.2 delivered and the brake shoes 23.1, 23.2 occur with the guide rail 17 in interaction. This results in a first braking effect. Should the elevator car 12 now lower a piece, eg because a big load in the Elevator car 12 is introduced, this shifts

Fastener 25, which is connected to the elevator car 12

is fixed, in solidarity with the elevator car 12 a few millimeters down. At the same time pull the elements 24.2 and 24.3 obliquely at the points UL and UR down. By this symmetrical pulling force are the

Brake body 22.1, 22.2 further delivered and the brake shoes 23.1, 23.2 press even more firmly from both sides symmetrically against the guide rail 17th

Due to their unilateral character, the

Tension elements 24.1 and 24.4 no pressure force on the

Exert brake shoes 23.1, 23.2, which would affect the braking effect.

Conversely, if the elevator car 12 were to move up a small distance, e.g. when a large load is taken out of the elevator car 12. Here the tension elements 24.1 and 24.4 are used.

In an embodiment of Fig. 3, in which the

unilaterally acting traction element comprises a linkage 33 with traction cables 35, the operation is in principle the same. In a downward movement of the elevator cars 12 pulls the lower rope piece 35 at the point UU and the rods 34.2, 34.3 pull symmetrically at the points UL, UR. By this symmetrically acting tensile force, the brake body 22.1, 22.2 further delivered and the brake shoes 23.1, 23.2 press even more firmly from both sides symmetrically against the guide rail 17th

The reverse happens if the elevator car 12 should move up a little bit. Here pulls the upper rope piece 35 at the point UO and the rods 34.1, 34.4 draw symmetrically at the points UL, UR. As a result, every smallest position deviation of the

Elevator car 12 immediately implemented in an increased braking action of the holding brake 20. In an embodiment according to FIG. 2, the (deflection) rollers 27 guarantee that the

pull respective tension elements 24.1 - 24.4 symmetrically at the points UL, UR with the same forces. At a

Embodiment of Fig. 3, the short traction cables 35 ensure a uniform pulling action as long as the lengths of the rods 34.1 - 34.4 are identical and the positions of the points UO and UU are centered.

To release the braking action of the holding brake 20, the actuator 31.3 or 32 is used, which presses the brake shoes 23.1, 23.2 apart. The release of the holding brake 20 is typically only when the drive 11 a sufficient torque (Pretorque called) for driving the elevator car 12 applies. Depending on the embodiment, optionally even a load measurement in the elevator car 12 can be dispensed with, since the actuator can only open the holding brake 20 when there is sufficient pretorque. For this purpose, the pretorque can be increased until the

Actuator is able to solve the holding brake 20. In addition, this embodiment offers the following additional advantage. In case of wrong pretorque, the release of the

Holding brake 20 hardly possible, resulting in an improved

Safety leads. In the embodiment of Fig. 3rd

shortens the actuator 32 and thereby expresses, due to the rigidity of the rods of the linkage 33, the

Brake body 22.1, 22.2 to the outside. In this way, the release of the holding brake 20 happens here. The holding brake 20 of the invention is thus a braking device which acts symmetrically on both sides on a stationary guide rail 17.

Such a holding brake 20 may be attached to the elevator car 12 and / or the counterweight 19.

The holding brake 20 prevents drifting of the

Elevator cabin 12 from the floor level. Adjustments by the elevator drive 11 accounts for it.

Claims

claims

Holding brake (20) for an elevator installation (10), with

Brake shoes (23.1, 23.2), which are actuated by means of actuators (31.1, 31.2) and in a case of braking on a guide rail (17) of the elevator system (10) a

Cause braking force, characterized in that a locking mechanism (21) with a pulling device (24) is provided, wherein the brake shoes (23.1, 23.2) on a

Transverse profile (29) are arranged, which is movable in the braking case relative to the pulling device (24) and wherein the

Pulling device (24), the braking force of the brake shoes (23.1, 23.2) on the guide rail (17) reinforced.

Holding brake (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the ratchet (21) is a double-acting ratchet (21) having a first brake body

(22.1) and a second brake body (22.2), which are arranged opposite each other, wherein the first brake body (22.1) on a side facing the second brake body (22.2), a first of the

Has brake shoes (23.1) and wherein the second

Brake body (22.2) on one side, the first

Brake body (22.1) facing, a second of the

Brake shoes (23.2) has.

Holding brake (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized

characterized in that the ratchet (21) comprises a unilaterally acting traction device (24).

Holding brake (20) according to claim 3, characterized in that the pulling device (24) is arranged symmetrically to the first brake body (22.1) and the second brake body (22.2) and two tension elements (24.1, 24.2) of the pulling device (24) with the first Brake body (22.1) and two other tension elements (24.3, 24.4) of the pulling device

(24) are connected to the second brake body (22.2).

Holding brake (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a fastening element

(25) and a running body (26), wherein the

Fastening element (25) for fastening the holding brake

(20) is designed on the elevator car (12) and the running body (26) is displaceably mounted along the fastening element (25).

Holding brake (20) according to claim 5, characterized in that the first brake body (22.1) and the second

Brake body (22.2) on the running body (26) are movably mounted so that they are movable toward and away from each other.

Holding brake (20) according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an actuator (31.3; 32) for releasing the holding brake (20).

Elevator installation (10) with a locking mechanism (21) according to one of the preceding claims.

Method for operating an elevator installation (10) according to claim 8, characterized by the following steps,

- Engage the brake shoes (23.1, 23.2) by means

Actuators (31.1, 31.2, 32) for fixing the

Elevator car (12) or the counterweight (19) on the guide rail (17) and

- Exerting an additional braking force by means of locking mechanism (21) in an unauthorized movement of the elevator car (12) or the counterweight (19). A method according to claim 9, characterized in that for releasing the holding brake (20), the following steps are carried out:

- Build up a holding force by a drive (11) while the locking mechanism (21) degrades the holding force,

- Loosen the brake shoes (23.1, 23.2) when sufficient holding force by the drive (11) is present and

- Holding the elevator car (12) or the counterweight (19) by the drive (11) in a rest position.