EP2571386B1 - Papier pour un article à fumer présentant des propriétés de réduction du potentiel incendiaire - Google Patents

Papier pour un article à fumer présentant des propriétés de réduction du potentiel incendiaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2571386B1
EP2571386B1 EP11722763.7A EP11722763A EP2571386B1 EP 2571386 B1 EP2571386 B1 EP 2571386B1 EP 11722763 A EP11722763 A EP 11722763A EP 2571386 B1 EP2571386 B1 EP 2571386B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper
formulation
treated
areas
cellulose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11722763.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2571386A1 (fr
Inventor
Jocelyne Dumas
Joël MALACHIE
Arnaud Ruffin
Julie Jeanrot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Papeteries du Leman
Original Assignee
Papeteries du Leman
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Papeteries du Leman filed Critical Papeteries du Leman
Priority to SI201130511T priority Critical patent/SI2571386T1/sl
Priority to PL11722763T priority patent/PL2571386T3/pl
Publication of EP2571386A1 publication Critical patent/EP2571386A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2571386B1 publication Critical patent/EP2571386B1/fr
Priority to HRP20150646TT priority patent/HRP20150646T1/hr
Priority to CY20151100558T priority patent/CY1116507T1/el
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
    • A24D1/025—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers the covers having material applied to defined areas, e.g. bands for reducing the ignition propensity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H1/00—Paper; Cardboard
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a paper for a smoking article having properties for reducing the incendiary potential.
  • cigarette papers intended for the constitution of industrial cigarettes are made from cellulosic fibers (fibers derived from wood and / or textile fibers, with the addition of calcium carbonate as a conventional pigment in the fibrous suspension).
  • Delaying salts or combustion accelerators are conventionally applied over the entire surface during its manufacture, in order to control certain combustion parameters of the formed cigarette. These are usually sodium salts, potassium salts, magnesium salts, etc. They also give the cigarette a better combustibility.
  • LIP zones have a detrimental effect on tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide levels per cigarette, as they reduce the natural porosity of the paper. It has therefore been proposed to significantly increase its initial porosity by applying to the paper combustion salts before treatment of the zones by the film-forming formulation.
  • the treated areas are generally transverse rings made on all or part of the cigarette. Nevertheless, the discrete treatment of the sheet of paper in successive strips and separated by zones that are not treated with the film-forming formulation creates tensions in the sheet of paper that often give rise to problems during the transformation of the paper, in particular when putting in the spool of the treated paper. The paper tends to bend at localized areas.
  • the apparatus used for the measurement of diffusivity is the apparatus of the company SODIM - diffusion meter D-95.
  • Formulations based on film-forming compounds are generally applied by printing, typically by heliography, screen printing or flexography and must therefore have particular dry extract and viscosity characteristics.
  • the implementation of the LIP papers affects the functional aspects of the cigarette, in particular its taste, the integrity of its ashes, the effective rate of carbon monoxide, etc. Moreover, it has been found that when a smoker relights his cigarette at the LIP treated areas, the taste and the carbon monoxide level are modified.
  • One objective of the application is to propose a new LIP paper capable of preserving the functional aspects of the cigarette without generating an aggravating side effect on the level of carbon monoxide, nicotine and tars, even after reignition of the cigarette. .
  • it is sought to obtain a paper having a FASE level less than or equal to 50% for the comfort of smokers, and a percentage of cigarettes consumed according to the ASTM test less than or equal to 25%.
  • Another objective of the application is to propose a paper LIP which is easier to transform.
  • the invention proposes a paper for a smoking article, in particular for a cigarette, comprising zones treated with a coating formulation adapted to reduce the incendiary potential of said treated zone, in which the formulation comprises cellulose nanoparticles. having a median dimension (d50) less than or equal to five micrometers.
  • Cellulose is in fact composed of a linear homopolysaccharide composed of ⁇ D-glucopyranoses linked together in ⁇ 1-4.
  • the chemical structure of the cellulose is therefore composed of repeating cellobiose motifs, each monomer bearing three hydroxyl groups.
  • the ability to form bonds by hydrogen bridge thus plays a direct role on the physical properties of cellulose.
  • the length of the polymer chain varies depending on the source of cellulose and the part of the plant concerned.
  • the native cellulose of wood has a degree of polymerization (DP) of approximately 10,000 glycopyranose moieties, while the native cellulose of cotton has a DP of about 15,000.
  • Cellulose micro-fibril is the structural base of cellulose, formed during biosynthesis. It includes hemicellulose, para-crystalline cellulose and cellulose
  • the nano-cellulose fiber is made from native cellulose that has undergone specific traditional treatments to rid it of lignin. It is then bleached.
  • NC nano-cellulose crystals
  • NFC micro-fibrillated cellulose
  • micro-fibrillated cellulose, micro-crystallite and microcrystal are also used despite their nanoscale dimensions (cellulose microfibrils and cellulose nano-fibrils)
  • Nano-cellulose crystals can be prepared from various sources of cellulose (flax, hemp, annuals, rice straw, cotton, hardwood, softwood, sisal, etc.) by acid hydrolysis following traditional cooking processes and whitening.
  • Scanning microscopy analysis makes it possible to characterize the shape of nano-fibers whose size and nano-crystal shapes depend on the nature of the cellulosic source, as well as hydrolysis, temperature, time and temperature conditions. purity of the base material (percentage of cellulose and hemicellulose in the lignocellulosic composition of the fiber).
  • nano-cellulose crystals vary from 5 to 10 nm in diameter and from 100 to 500 nm in length. Their shape is similar to nanotubes (nano-sticks).
  • Nano-fibrillated cellulose is extracted from a process of mechanical disintegration of wood fiber, following the traditional chemical treatments of cooking and bleaching.
  • Nano-fibrillated cellulose can be viewed as a moderately degraded cellulosic compound with a high specific surface area. She is composed of individualized nanofibers having lateral dimensions of the order of 10 to 100 nm and a length of up to a micron, and consists of alternating crystalline and amorphous zones.
  • Such cellulose nanoparticles can be used as a pigment and increase the barrier properties of bio-composites.
  • the invention relates to a smoking article comprising a paper according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 An example of a smoking article for which the invention can be applied.
  • This is a cigarette comprising a tobacco rod 20 enclosed in a paper 10 and a filter 30.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 represent papers for smoking article 1 according to the present invention.
  • the paper used here has an initial natural permeability (i.e., prior to any treatment) of between 10 Coresta and about 200 Coresta, preferably in the range of 10 to 80 Coresta, more preferably 60 to 80 Coresta. This may be any commercial smoking paper.
  • a first step is applied to the paper coating formulation 13 adapted to reduce the porosity by at least partially blocking all or part of the pores.
  • the formulation 13 is preferably applied in a discrete manner.
  • treated strips 11 extending transversely on the paper are formed having a width of between about five millimeters and eight millimeters and separated from each other by a distance of about fifteen to twenty millimeters.
  • the coating formulation 13 comprises in particular cellulose nanoparticles 13a.
  • cellulose nanoparticles 13 cellulose will be understood here whose particles have a median dimension d50 of less than or equal to five micrometers, and / or of which the fibers taken individually have at least one dimension less than 100 nm.
  • This median dimension d50 is an average size of the nanoparticles that tend to assemble in the form of aggregates (or clusters) and represents the particle size distribution in cumulated equivalent diameter of the particles taken at the 50% point.
  • a primary nano-fiber of cellulose suitable in the implementation of the invention may have a thickness of the order of twenty nanometers for a length of one hundred nanometers, while 50% of the clusters formed by the Nano-fibers will have an equivalent diameter less than the d50 of the nano-fiber, typically about three to four micrometers.
  • the use of such particles has a twofold advantage: on the one hand, the basic material of the formulation, that is to say cellulose, has a high compatibility with the material used in the manufacture of paper 20, which is also made from cellulose.
  • the coating of the paper with cellulose nanoparticles makes it possible to reduce the natural porosity of the paper. Indeed, the nanoparticles partially fill the natural pores of the paper and create a sub-network of artificial pores within the initial natural pores (increase in the number of pores of the paper and reduction of their respective dimension).
  • the treated areas 11 of the paper therefore have a lower permeability than the zones that are not treated with the formulation, and make it possible to obtain tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide levels that are substantially similar to the rate of the untreated paper with the same natural permeability as the treated areas 11, while giving the paper 10 a LIP character.
  • the low toxic appearance of the smoking article paper 1 can be naturally preserved while reducing its permeability in discrete areas 11.
  • the papers 10 comprising the formulation 13 containing cellulose nanoparticles in the discrete areas 11 had a diffusivity similar or identical to the diffusivity of the papers having naturally the same initial porosity.
  • the use of cellulose nanoparticles makes it possible artificially to reduce the permeability of the paper in zones delineated so as to obtain a paper having a low incendiary potential while preserving its diffusivity, which confirms that the paper thus obtained makes it possible to produce smoking articles having a toxicity (nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide levels) substantially similar to that of an untreated paper "LIP".
  • the micro-capillarity or micro-tortuosity obtained thanks to the nano-cellulose particles allows a better gas exchange in comparison with the conventional film-forming formulations, which are content to occlude the pores (to reduce the natural porosity paper) and form an obstacle to the diffusion of gases through the paper.
  • the coating formulation 13 also includes elements such as binders, additives, pigments (eg aluminum hydroxide) and the like. in proportions in accordance with conventional LIP formulations.
  • the cellulose is preferably of plant origin. These are, for example, cellulose nanocrystals (NC) or micro-fibrillated cellulose (NFC).
  • NC cellulose nanocrystals
  • NFC micro-fibrillated cellulose
  • nanoparticles may be nano-fibers, nanotubes, nano-filaments or nano-rods.
  • the nanoparticles are nano-fibers, which can be fibrillated or non-fibrillated.
  • Nano-dispersed cellulose is a water-insoluble nano-fiber with high water holding capacity, even at high temperatures and under high shear forces.
  • an aqueous solution comprising 10% nano-dispersed cellulose in dry extract is in gel form, while with a dry extract of 40% in nano-dispersed cellulose, the solution behaves like a dry powder while being totally vegetal.
  • the nanoparticles are applied in hydrated form in an aqueous solution comprising between 5 and 15% dry extract of nanoparticles, preferably about 10%. It may be, for example, Arbocel MF 40-100 Ultrafine nanodispersed cellulose marketed by the company JRS PHARMA.
  • the median dimension d50 of the nano-dispersed cellulose nanofibers is less than one micrometer.
  • the nano-dispersed cellulose is preferably applied in gel form, so that it has a better water retention.
  • the nano-dispersed cellulose penetrates only into the surface pores of the paper (to a thickness of about 4 to 6 microns for a total paper thickness of about thirty microns for example) by recreating hydrogen bonds to partially occlude surface pores and create a denser pore structure at the nanoscale.
  • the nano-dispersed cellulose layer 13 is therefore applied in discrete areas on the paper 10, preferably off the paper machine.
  • it can be applied to a printing machine, typically by flexography, heliography or screen printing.
  • printing machines is indeed more flexible than that of a paper machine and makes it easier to integrate the various mechanical stresses that may vary from one article to another (coating formulation used depending on the quality of the tobacco used for the smoking article, pressure applied to the paper, viscosity of the formulation, etc.).
  • the formulation 13 can be applied in one or more passages, comprise different fillers (percentage of dry extract, pigments, etc.) and / or be composed of different materials at each passage.
  • the first pass comprising a nano-dispersed cellulose based coating formulation 13a
  • the second pass comprising a coating formulation 13b based on a conventional film-forming compound such as starch , polyvinyl alcohol, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, etc.
  • a conventional film-forming compound such as starch , polyvinyl alcohol, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, etc.
  • the coating formulation 13 comprises both nano-dispersed cellulose and the film-forming compound, for example starch, so that the nano-dispersed cellulose and the starch are simultaneously applied to the paper.
  • the diffusivity of the paper 10 in the treated areas 11 is important, so that the toxicity (nicotine content, tars and carbon monoxide per cigarette) of the paper obtained remains in accordance with the standards generally imposed (10 mg per cigarette for tar, 1 mg per cigarette for nicotine and 10 mg per cigarette for carbon monoxide).
  • this type of test plan is accessible on printing machine by gravure, flexography or screen printing, and more particularly on a flexographic machine with 1 to 8 printing stations.
  • the coating formulation 13 comprises a volume of 69 cm 3 / m 2 of nano-dispersed cellulose having a solids content of 10% (corresponding to a theoretical deposit of 6.9 g / m 2 ).
  • the coating formulation 13 comprises a volume of 55 cm 3 / m 2 of starch (Perfectafilm 150 - modified corn starch) having a solids content of 10% (corresponding to a theoretical deposit of 5.1 g / m 2 ).
  • the coating formulation 13 comprises an equal mixture (50/50) of starch and nano-dispersed cellulose in a solution having a solids content of 10%, with a volume of 55 cm 3. / m 2 (corresponding to a theoretical deposit of 5.5 g / m 2 ).
  • the first formulation 13a is based on nano-dispersed cellulose, while the second formulation 13b is based on starch.
  • the volumes of the transfer cylinders are chosen in order to theoretically convey 2.1 g / m 2 of nano-dispersed cellulose, a constant amount for the three tests, and different theoretical carry-overs in starch, namely 1.0 g / m 2 of starch for E4, 2.0 g / m 2 starch for E5, 2.6 g / m 2 starch for E6.
  • the method may further comprise a step in which all or part of the surface of the paper 10 is coated with combustion accelerator salts 14 to reduce the levels of nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide per cigarette.
  • the coating 14 is made in discrete areas, and more preferably in all or part of the untreated areas 12 by the coating formulation 13.
  • the salts are applied on the whole. zones 12 of the paper that have not received LIP treatment.
  • the accelerator salts 14 are intended to accelerate the combustion of the cigarette, while the coating formulation 13 is intended to limit the intake of oxygen to reduce the combustion of the cigarette.
  • the respective effects of the accelerator salts 14 and the formulation 13 are therefore opposed, and the total coating of the paper 10 with the accelerating salts involves the implementation of a formulation further reducing the permeability of the paper in order to counteract the effect. salts.
  • the coating of all the paper 10 creates areas with less surface treatment, namely the untreated strips 12 by the formulation, which generate surface tensions causing many problems when 10.
  • the accelerator salts 14 only at the level of the untreated zones 12 by the formulation, it is thus possible to rebalance the tensions on the surface of the paper 10.
  • the paper 10 is therefore more easily convertible. further reduces the waste.
  • the local coating of reducing salts 14 makes it possible to reduce the total amount of salts applied to the paper 10, and thus makes it possible to make substantial savings in terms of the quantity of product used.
  • this step also involves additional difficulties in its implementation compared to the total coating of the paper, insofar as the salts 14 must be applied selectively on the paper 10. This is however facilitated by the coating of the paper With salts 14 on printing machines.
  • Accelerating salts 14 are conventional and may for example be selected from potassium citrate or sodium citrate.
  • the accelerator salt strips 12 and the LIP treated strips 11 are not necessarily applied to one and the same side of the paper 10.
  • the LIP strips 11 and the accelerator salt strips 12 are applied to both sides of the paper.
  • the surface coated with the formulation LIP 13 is preferably between 10% and 45%, preferably between 15% and 35% and more preferably between 20% and 33% of the total surface equivalent to one side.
  • the surface coated with accelerating salts 14 is between 90% and 55%, preferably between 85% and 60% and more preferably between 80% and 67% of the total surface equivalent to one side.
  • the weight increase is therefore performed on the entire surface, and is not limited to localized strips corresponding to LIP 11 treated strips.
  • the variation in basis weight per square meter of finished paper that is generated by the combustion accelerator treatment varies from 0.5 to 5% the initial basis weight of the basic cigarette paper, preferably from 1% to 4% and more preferably from 1.5 to 3.5%.
  • the variation in basis weight per square meter of finished paper that is generated by the LIP treatment varies from 1 to 10% of the initial basis weight of the basic cigarette paper, preferably from 3% to 6%, so that the overall variation per square meter relative to the untreated paper is between 1.5 and 15%.
  • the "canvas face” which conventionally corresponds to the face of the paper that is in contact with the forming and draining fabric of the Foudrinier flat-table paper machine, was treated with the formulation coating. Indeed, this face of the paper is more macroporous than the "anti-painting face” or "felt” face which corresponds to the opposite face, because of its proximity to the drainage elements on the machine. However, the treatment of the felt face is also possible.
  • test plan is accessible on a heliographic or flexographic printing machine.
  • a machine Flexographic printing having one to eight print stations is suitable for the implementation of the invention.
  • Both types of paper are treated with the LIP 13 coating formulation in accordance with one embodiment of the invention by coating on seven millimeter strips 11 spaced every twenty millimeters using four successive coating stations.
  • the second type of paper is coated in the LIP 12 untreated areas with tri-potassium citrate 14 as a burn accelerator salt on the other available positions of the printing machine.
  • the dry citric acid solids concentrations tested at E-10 and E-11 are 7% and 3%, respectively. These concentrations made it possible to approach the final target level of 1.3% tri-potassium citrate expressed as anhydrous citric acid in the finished paper (obtained by treatment on non-LIP areas only).
  • the experimental design is carried out with a gradual increase of nano-dispersed cellulose 13 on the first flexography stations in order to naturally and significantly restructure the support whose Sodim permeability is 70 Coresta.
  • the first formulation 13a is based on nano-dispersed cellulose, while the second formulation 13b is based on starch.
  • the actual removal increase on the LIP 11 belts is 2.8 g / m 2 , an overall increase in grammage of 0.84 g / m 2 .
  • the final basis weight is 26.8 g / m 2 , ie a salt treatment expressed in theoretical 1.1% theoretical anhydrous citric acid.
  • the theoretical paper weight increase associated with the salt is 0.53 g / m 2
  • that related to the LIP treatment is 0.86 g / m 2 , ie a final grammage of 26.9g / m 2 .
  • the E14 combination is a very good compromise between the LIP test according to the ASTM standard and the FASE test for the fully citrated papers.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
EP11722763.7A 2010-05-20 2011-05-19 Papier pour un article à fumer présentant des propriétés de réduction du potentiel incendiaire Active EP2571386B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201130511T SI2571386T1 (sl) 2010-05-20 2011-05-19 Papir za kadilski artikel, ki ima lastnosti zmanjšanja nevarnosti vžiga
PL11722763T PL2571386T3 (pl) 2010-05-20 2011-05-19 Bibułka do wyrobu do palenia mająca właściwości zmiejszonej skłonności do zapłonu
HRP20150646TT HRP20150646T1 (hr) 2010-05-20 2015-06-16 Papir za cigarete sa svojstvima za usporavanje izgaranja
CY20151100558T CY1116507T1 (el) 2010-05-20 2015-06-29 Χαρτι για προϊον καπνισματος παρουσιαζον ιδιοτητες μειωσης του εμπρηστικου δυναμικου

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1053934A FR2960133B1 (fr) 2010-05-20 2010-05-20 Papier pour un article a fumer presentant des proprietes de reduction du potentiel incendiaire
PCT/EP2011/058160 WO2011144701A1 (fr) 2010-05-20 2011-05-19 Papier pour un article à fumer présentant des propriétés de réduction du potentiel incendiaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2571386A1 EP2571386A1 (fr) 2013-03-27
EP2571386B1 true EP2571386B1 (fr) 2015-04-15

Family

ID=43415515

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11722763.7A Active EP2571386B1 (fr) 2010-05-20 2011-05-19 Papier pour un article à fumer présentant des propriétés de réduction du potentiel incendiaire

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (1) US8580081B2 (xx)
EP (1) EP2571386B1 (xx)
JP (1) JP5752240B2 (xx)
KR (1) KR101820072B1 (xx)
CN (1) CN102946744B (xx)
AU (1) AU2011254607B2 (xx)
BR (1) BR112012029563A2 (xx)
CA (1) CA2799665C (xx)
CY (1) CY1116507T1 (xx)
DK (1) DK2571386T3 (xx)
EA (1) EA023003B1 (xx)
ES (1) ES2539461T3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2960133B1 (xx)
HK (1) HK1181269A1 (xx)
HR (1) HRP20150646T1 (xx)
PL (1) PL2571386T3 (xx)
PT (1) PT2571386E (xx)
RS (1) RS54005B1 (xx)
SI (1) SI2571386T1 (xx)
SM (1) SMT201500150B (xx)
WO (1) WO2011144701A1 (xx)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2960133B1 (fr) * 2010-05-20 2012-07-20 Pvl Holdings Papier pour un article a fumer presentant des proprietes de reduction du potentiel incendiaire
US9149068B2 (en) 2012-10-11 2015-10-06 Schweitzer-Mauduit International, Inc. Wrapper having reduced ignition proclivity characteristics
WO2014106859A2 (en) * 2013-01-03 2014-07-10 Itc Limited Process for surface treatment of paper and paperboards
FR3001468B1 (fr) 2013-01-30 2015-06-19 Inst Polytechnique Grenoble Procede de marquage d'un papier
JP2016106182A (ja) * 2013-03-19 2016-06-16 日本たばこ産業株式会社 シガレット用巻紙
CN103462219A (zh) * 2013-05-30 2013-12-25 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司 一种含超长TiO2水合物纳米管的卷烟过滤嘴
JP2017060405A (ja) * 2014-01-17 2017-03-30 日本たばこ産業株式会社 フィルタシガレット、シガレット用フィルタ、及びシガレット用フィルタに用いる巻取紙
CN107724180B (zh) * 2016-08-11 2020-04-21 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 一种具有助燃和降co排放量功能的卷烟纸的制备方法
WO2018179278A1 (ja) 2017-03-30 2018-10-04 日本たばこ産業株式会社 喫煙物品用の紙及び喫煙物品
TWI750160B (zh) * 2017-03-31 2021-12-21 日商日本煙草產業股份有限公司 吸煙物品用的紙及吸煙物品
MX2020002615A (es) * 2017-09-07 2020-09-07 Purdue Research Foundation Fabricación continua de rollo a rollo de recubrimientos de nanocristales de celulosa.
GB201719523D0 (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-01-10 British American Tobacco Investments Ltd Smoking article
KR102391291B1 (ko) * 2020-04-29 2022-04-26 주식회사 케이티앤지 저발화성 궐련지의 코팅 조성물, 이를 이용한 흡연 물품 및 저발화성 궐련지의 제조 방법
KR20230048194A (ko) * 2021-10-01 2023-04-11 주식회사 케이티앤지 표면 거칠기가 향상된 향료 시트, 이를 포함하는 흡연 물품 및 이들의 제조 방법
KR20230102395A (ko) * 2021-12-30 2023-07-07 주식회사 케이티앤지 나노 셀룰로오스 필름을 활용한 담배 래퍼

Family Cites Families (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AUPQ707900A0 (en) * 2000-04-20 2000-05-18 Hutton, Lawrence Coating composition
CA2643086C (en) * 2000-11-13 2011-01-25 Richard M. Peterson Process for producing smoking articles with reduced ignition proclivity characteristics and products made according to same
US20020179105A1 (en) * 2001-02-26 2002-12-05 Zawadzki Michael A. Reduced ignition propensity smoking article
WO2003086115A1 (en) * 2002-04-12 2003-10-23 Philip Morris Products S.A. Partially reduced nanoparticle additives
US20040134631A1 (en) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-15 Crooks Evon Llewellyn Smoking article wrapping materials comprising ultrafine particles
CN100563478C (zh) * 2003-03-07 2009-12-02 弗吉尼亚联邦大学 电加工的酚醛材料和方法
US7497924B2 (en) * 2003-05-14 2009-03-03 International Paper Company Surface treatment with texturized microcrystalline cellulose microfibrils for improved paper and paper board
US7037405B2 (en) * 2003-05-14 2006-05-02 International Paper Company Surface treatment with texturized microcrystalline cellulose microfibrils for improved paper and paper board
US7276120B2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2007-10-02 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Materials and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US7243658B2 (en) * 2003-06-13 2007-07-17 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Nanoscale composite catalyst to reduce carbon monoxide in the mainstream smoke of a cigarette
AU2004246883A1 (en) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-23 Philip Morris Products S.A. Cigarette wrapper with catalytic filler and methods of making same
US20050139223A1 (en) * 2003-07-21 2005-06-30 Squires Stephen B. Cigarette filter incorporating nanofibers
US7934510B2 (en) * 2003-10-27 2011-05-03 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Cigarette wrapper with nanoparticle spinel ferrite catalyst and methods of making same
WO2006089404A1 (en) * 2005-02-22 2006-08-31 Rothmans, Benson & Hedges Inc. Tobacco smoke filter and tobacco blend for altering mainstream smoke
FI20055380L (fi) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-02 M Real Oyj Menetelmä selluloosahiukkasten pinnoittamiseksi, pinnoitetut selluloosahiukkaset ja niiden käyttö paperin- ja kartonginvalmistuksessa
US20080216852A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-09-11 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Banded cigarette paper with reduced ignition propensity
CN101646360B (zh) * 2007-02-23 2013-12-18 施韦特-莫迪国际公司 具有减小扩散导致降低引燃倾向特性的用于烟制品的包卷材料
BRPI0811774A2 (pt) * 2007-05-24 2014-11-11 Philip Morris Products Sa Papel de envoltório modelado com um agente antienrugamento.
AT505905B1 (de) * 2007-09-21 2009-05-15 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag Cellulosepulver und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
FI124724B (fi) * 2009-02-13 2014-12-31 Upm Kymmene Oyj Menetelmä muokatun selluloosan valmistamiseksi
US8268391B2 (en) * 2009-03-13 2012-09-18 Nanotech Industries, Inc. Biodegradable nano-composition for application of protective coatings onto natural materials
FI125818B (fi) * 2009-06-08 2016-02-29 Upm Kymmene Corp Menetelmä paperin valmistamiseksi
FI121890B (fi) * 2009-06-08 2011-05-31 Upm Kymmene Corp Uudentyyppinen paperi ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi
US8464726B2 (en) * 2009-08-24 2013-06-18 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Segmented smoking article with insulation mat
PL2319984T3 (pl) * 2009-11-04 2014-08-29 Kemira Oyj Sposób wytwarzania papieru
US20110189471A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-04 Valinge Innovation Ab Method for applying nanoparticles
MX337769B (es) * 2010-05-11 2016-03-16 Fpinnovations Nanofilamentos de celulosa y metodos para producir los mismos.
FR2960133B1 (fr) * 2010-05-20 2012-07-20 Pvl Holdings Papier pour un article a fumer presentant des proprietes de reduction du potentiel incendiaire
US8720450B2 (en) * 2010-07-30 2014-05-13 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filter element comprising multifunctional fibrous smoke-altering material
US20120227754A1 (en) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-13 Norman Alan B Smoking articles and wrapping materials therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA023003B1 (ru) 2016-04-29
CA2799665A1 (fr) 2011-11-24
US20110290436A1 (en) 2011-12-01
BR112012029563A2 (pt) 2016-12-13
JP5752240B2 (ja) 2015-07-22
SI2571386T1 (sl) 2015-07-31
CN102946744A (zh) 2013-02-27
FR2960133B1 (fr) 2012-07-20
CA2799665C (fr) 2017-06-27
FR2960133A1 (fr) 2011-11-25
SMT201500150B (it) 2015-09-07
CY1116507T1 (el) 2017-03-15
DK2571386T3 (en) 2015-07-20
ES2539461T3 (es) 2015-07-01
JP2013527337A (ja) 2013-06-27
KR101820072B1 (ko) 2018-01-18
PL2571386T3 (pl) 2015-09-30
EP2571386A1 (fr) 2013-03-27
HRP20150646T1 (hr) 2015-07-31
AU2011254607A1 (en) 2012-12-20
HK1181269A1 (en) 2013-11-08
WO2011144701A1 (fr) 2011-11-24
PT2571386E (pt) 2015-08-27
KR20130113959A (ko) 2013-10-16
AU2011254607B2 (en) 2015-05-21
RS54005B1 (en) 2015-10-30
CN102946744B (zh) 2014-05-14
US8580081B2 (en) 2013-11-12
EA201291216A1 (ru) 2013-05-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2571386B1 (fr) Papier pour un article à fumer présentant des propriétés de réduction du potentiel incendiaire
RU2503383C2 (ru) Обработанные участки на обертке для снижения характеристик способности к воспламенению курительных изделий
CN111655051B (zh) 改善味道的可生物降解过滤器
FR2550422A1 (fr) Enveloppe pour article a fumer a extinction automatique et article tel que cigarette fabrique avec cette enveloppe
FR2604342A1 (fr) Enveloppe pour articles a fumer s'eteignant d'eux-memes et ayant une tendance reduite a l'inflammation
CH648732A5 (fr) Article a fumer.
JP2014525995A (ja) 耐油性フィルターラッパー紙
FR2955123A1 (fr) Structures fibreuses souples et resistantes et procede pour les fabriquer
KR20150064750A (ko) 감소된 발화 성향 특징을 갖는 래퍼
KR102431771B1 (ko) 비연소형 궐련을 위한 래퍼 및 그의 제조방법
CN107075813B (zh) 烟草用卷纸及使用了该烟草用卷纸的纸烟
CA2693075C (en) Low ignition propensity cigarette paper
KR101382650B1 (ko) 저발화성 궐련지의 코팅 조성물 및 이를 이용하는 담배
FR3014643A1 (fr) Materiau de gainage pour des produits a fumer ayant une capacite de diffusion dependant du sens de passage
FR3114009A1 (fr) Filtre pour article à fumer ou vapoter comprenant un substrat nontissé
US20140305370A1 (en) Device of processing low ignition propensity cigarette paper and device of manufacturing low ignition propensity cigarette paper including the same
FR3114008A1 (fr) Filtre pour article à fumer ou vapoter comprenant un substrat nontissé
KR101534822B1 (ko) 저발화성 궐련지의 코팅 조성물, 이를 포함하는 저발화성 궐련지 및 이를 포함하는 담배
FR2970153A1 (fr) Papier a cigarette a combustion naturelle limitee amelioree
CN110172866B (zh) 一种加香型卷烟纸
FR3135904A1 (fr) Filtre pour article à fumer ou vapoter comprenant un papier lisse
CH626238A5 (xx)
KR20230152061A (ko) 추출된 담배를 함유하는 고강도 래핑 재료

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20121212

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: MALACHIE, JOEL

Inventor name: JEANROT, JULIE

Inventor name: RUFFIN, ARNAUD

Inventor name: DUMAS, JOCELYNE

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1181269

Country of ref document: HK

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20141031

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 721435

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20150515

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602011015664

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20150521

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: RO

Ref legal event code: EPE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: MICHELI AND CIE SA, CH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HR

Ref legal event code: TUEP

Ref document number: P20150646

Country of ref document: HR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2539461

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20150701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: EE

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Ref document number: E010553

Country of ref document: EE

Effective date: 20150525

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: T2

Effective date: 20150415

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20150714

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HR

Ref legal event code: T1PR

Ref document number: P20150646

Country of ref document: HR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20150709

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref document number: 20150401230

Country of ref document: GR

Effective date: 20150720

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PL

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref document number: E 18824

Country of ref document: SK

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HU

Ref legal event code: AG4A

Ref document number: E024783

Country of ref document: HU

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: GR

Ref document number: 1181269

Country of ref document: HK

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602011015664

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150415

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: UEP

Ref document number: 721435

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20150415

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20160118

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 6

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 7

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HR

Ref legal event code: ODRP

Ref document number: P20150646

Country of ref document: HR

Payment date: 20180425

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Payment date: 20170420

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20180413

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20180416

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20180419

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20180420

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20180522

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: NO

Payment date: 20180426

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: EE

Payment date: 20180417

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: LT

Payment date: 20180424

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20180419

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20180514

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20180423

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20180625

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20180420

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20180418

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: HR

Payment date: 20180425

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Payment date: 20180516

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20180420

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20180530

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20180426

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: IS

Payment date: 20180424

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: RO

Payment date: 20180502

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20180419

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20180514

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: RS

Payment date: 20180426

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: BG

Payment date: 20180430

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: LV

Payment date: 20180417

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: SI

Payment date: 20180417

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Payment date: 20180426

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: HU

Payment date: 20180417

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20180516

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20180518

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: CY

Payment date: 20180419

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HR

Ref legal event code: PBON

Ref document number: P20150646

Country of ref document: HR

Effective date: 20190519

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602011015664

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MM4D

Effective date: 20190519

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: EE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Ref document number: E010553

Country of ref document: EE

Effective date: 20190531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: MMEP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20190531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190601

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 721435

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190519

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20190519

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190520

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191130

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191119

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190520

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SI

Ref legal event code: KO00

Effective date: 20191230

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Ref document number: E 18824

Country of ref document: SK

Effective date: 20190519

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191205

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191127

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190520

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191205

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191201

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190601

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191203

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Payment date: 20180528

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20201001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190519

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190519

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230414

Year of fee payment: 13