Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
  • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
  • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
  • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
  • D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
  • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
  • D01D4/027—Spinnerettes containing inserts
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric

Definitions

• the invention relates to a spinneret for spinning filaments from a dope, according to the preamble of the independent device claim, a spinning device having a plurality of spinnerets and a method for spinning filaments, according to the preamble of the independent method claim.
• the spinning of threads is generally done by longitudinally drawing a thread-forming mass from a spinneret, wherein the longitudinal drawing mechanically by acting on the threads forces by means such as winders, or aerodynamically by accompanying gas streams, mostly air streams, as in the spunbonding, to which also Pelting (Melt-blown) is performed. From a spinning opening thereby creates a thread of smaller diameter than that of the spinning hole, bore or hole. It is different in splice spinning, in which a plurality of yarns are formed by splicing the liquid, filament-forming stream of spinning mass from a spinning orifice, be it melts or solutions, as in US Pat
• EP 1 192 301 or EP 1 358 369 This process, now often referred to as nanoval process, is characterized by the fact that, with simple equipment, more throughput per spinning bore is measured, e.g. in g / min, especially at finer threads is done, as quite 20, 50 can be produced up to a few hundred threads per hole.
• the threads are essentially endless and, depending on the driving style, have a certain size distribution of the thread diameters.
• the invention is therefore based on the object, a spinneret for the use of the known To provide a splice spinning process and an apparatus and method for spinning threads, with which it is possible to achieve finer threads in relation to the prior art with a simultaneously higher throughput and simple construction of the spinneret.
• the rotationally symmetrical nozzle inner part with feed channel of the spinneret is at least partially surrounded by a rotationally symmetric outer part and between the nozzle inner and outer part in the longitudinal direction of the spinneret at least one insulating chamber is formed, in which a gas, preferably air, is accommodated to form an insulating gas layer, the heat loss of the spinning mass flowing in the feed channel is less at the air at least partially flowing around the spinning nipple.
• a gas preferably air
• the dope in the supply channel holds a higher temperature for a longer time and arrives at the outlet bore at a higher temperature, which has a positive effect on the viscosity of the dope flowing in the exit bore, ie the viscosity is lower than for a spinneret of the same dimensions without isolation chamber.
• Smaller viscosities lead to advantageous towards finer threads and greater throughput.
• the exit bore can be provided with a smaller diameter, which in principle makes possible finer threads.
• the nozzle inner part and the outer part may each be at least partially rotationally symmetrical, but other shapes are conceivable.
• the dope used may be polymers and solutions of synthetic and natural origin. Compared to the spinnerets, which are provided with heaters, there is the advantage of less design effort. Thus, according to the invention, fine threads of average thread diameter of less than 1 ⁇ m can be produced.
• a plurality of outlet bores are arranged in the nozzle tip part, which are connected to the feed channel and from each of which a monofilament can be spinned out.
• the throughput of dope can be increased, which in turn leads to an increase in temperature at the transition point between the supply bore and exit holes.
• a thinner monofilament can be spun out of each exit hole, which splits into finer threads.
• the exit holes or openings may be of the same shape and cross section, but they need not be, but may have different shapes and cross sections.
• the nozzle tip part has incorporated in its peripheral surface directional elements, which serve for the introduction of the monofilaments gas flowing around. It can they may be formed as flattened surface elements arranged over the circumference and / or as trough-shaped, groove-shaped or grave-shaped depressions tapering towards the tip. As a result, the air flows can be uniform and essentially laminar to all of the
• exit bores are directed outwardly at an acute angle against the center line of the spinning nipple, thereby avoiding that the liquid monofilaments spun out of the exit bores do not converge.
• the exit holes can also be curved outwards.
• the term "exit hole” does not mean that it always has to have a round cross-section. It can also be e.g. have an oval or polygonal, such as rectangular or square cross-section.
• the isolation chamber of the spinneret can in a simple
• the rotationally symmetrical nozzle inner part has a lug
• the rotationally symmetrical, sleeve-shaped outer part can also engage at one end to form the likewise rotationally symmetrical, elongated isolation chamber when the spinneret with its provided on the outer part thread into a Bracket, eg a spinneret plate can be used.
• directional elements can be provided on the spinning nozzle tip, which are formed such that the cross section of the nozzle tip part is polygonal, cross-shaped, cloverleaf-shaped or star-shaped.
• a plurality of spinnerets according to the invention are used in a spinneret part, wherein a gas nozzle part is arranged at a distance from the spinneret part and has a plurality of the spinnerets associated gas nozzles, which are designed as acceleration nozzles of a guided through the respective gas nozzle and the monofilament gas flow.
• a plurality of thin filaments formed by splicing a plurality of monofilaments can be produced, and by increasing the exit bores of the spinnerets, both the number of filaments and the fineness of the filaments can be increased.
• the gas nozzles are preferably rotationally symmetrical and are each associated with a spinneret, whereby the gas flow can flow evenly around the spun monofilaments, but it can also slot-shaped gas nozzles or Laval nozzles are provided, especially if the outlet holes are arranged in the nozzle tip part in a row.
• the spinneret member has a plurality of rows of spinnerets and more preferably the spinnerets of one row are offset from the spinnerets of an adjacent row. As a result, spunbonded nonwovens of greater uniformity can be produced.
• a further advantageous embodiment in its interior against heat losses of isolated spinnerets and their position to the downstream in the flow direction acceleration nozzles, eg in Laval nozzle form, is the rigid connection and thus defined positioning of the spinning nozzle center for acceleration center of gravity.
• This has the advantage that the exiting liquid textile jets are uniformly detected circumferentially by the gas, usually air jets, since in general the otherwise caused inequalities over the thread cross section are not desirable.
• a spinneret can also compensate for the different expansion between the warmer spinneret part and the subsequent gas nozzle part, so that the centers of the spun lines of the two parts producing the "nanoval effect" , always aligned: With several outflow openings in the spinneret whose center is taken in the spinning nozzle tip as the beginning of the spin line, unless special effects such as a twist to yarn formation in the acceleration nozzle to be caused, which is usually avoided in nonwovens.
• a monofilament is spun out which is accelerated from surrounding gas flow to splicing, the dope being fed through a feed channel for spinning through a gas cushion surrounding it isolated against heat loss.
• the dope conveyed in the feed channel is divided into a plurality of separate sub-streams, each of which is spun out as a monofilament and, by means of the accelerated gas flow, into a plurality of sub-streams. number of essentially endless threads are spliced.
• Fig. 1 shows a section through an inventive
• FIG. 2 shows a section through a part of the device according to the invention with a plurality of spinnerets according to the embodiment of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 shows a partial section through a spinneret according to a further embodiment and a top view of the nozzle tip from below, a schematic simplified view of a spinneret according to a third embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 in which the spinneret and the accelerating nozzle are connected to one another.
• a spinneret 1 is shown according to a first embodiment.
• the spinneret urajant a rotationally symmetrical nozzle inner part 2 and a rotationally symmetrical outer part 3, wherein the outer part 3 is sleeve-shaped and at one end has an external thread 6 and at the other end, ie the nozzle tip region, is cone-shaped.
• the inner part 2 comprises a pin-like region 2 1 with a cone-shaped end, which at the other end merges into a stepped projection 2 "with a larger diameter than the pin-like region 2 '.
• Onsymmetrische inner part 2 is penetrated in the longitudinal direction, ie in the axial direction of a supply channel 5, which is connected in the nozzle tip region with one or more outlet holes 7.
• the rotationally symmetrical outer part 3 can be screwed with its external thread together with the inner part in a holder (will be described below), wherein the stepped approach serves as a stop.
• the dimensions of the inner part 2 and the outer part 3 are dimensioned such that a hollow, elongated insulating chamber 4, which is filled with gas, generally air, is formed between the two.
• the outer part 3 ie the end of its cone, bears against the inner part 2 in the nozzle tip region in a sealed manner, the cone of the outer part 3 continuing with the conical end of the pin-like region of the inner part 2 and forming both the nozzle tip region.
• the device according to the invention is shown in which a plurality of self-contained spinnerets 1 or spin nipples is used to a spinneret assembly in a spinneret 9 and a spinneret plate, wherein the spinnerets 1 by means of the thread 6 on the outer part 3 in the Spinneret 9 are screwed and sealed on sloping surfaces 10 at the neck 2 "each spinneret 1 in the receiving bores of Spinndüsenteils 9 for textile material supply through the spinning nipple 11, since the inclined surfaces 10 when screwing against the spinneret
• each spinneret 1 are connected to corresponding feed channels 11 which are formed in the spinneret part 9 and an overlying part 8 and which are connected to a not shown th distribution chamber are connected, is introduced into the spinning mass.
• a gas nozzle plate 15 which has a plurality of acceleration nozzles 14, which can be designed as Laval nozzles, ie with a narrowing area and an abruptly or continuously expanding area.
• the nozzle plate 15 is arranged with respect to the spinnerets 1 such that the tips of the spinnerets 1 dip slightly into the acceleration nozzles 14 or lie slightly above the acceleration nozzles 14.
• a plurality of rows of spinnerets 1 are provided in the spinneret 9, whereby adjacent rows may be offset from each other.
• preferably several rows of spinnerets 1 of such a spinneret assembly are arranged transversely to the direction of travel of a delivery belt or a removal drum corresponding to the desired web width.
• the space 13 between spinning nozzle part 9 and gas nozzle plate 15 serves to supply a gas, preferably air, which flows through the accelerating nozzles 14 according to the arrows 12. From the outlet bores 7 of the spinnerets becomes one
• Monofilament 16 spun and after the nanoval process the air flows around these monofilaments 16 and the lower portion of the spinneret 1 according to the arrows 12 in the space 13 with increasing speed to the accelerating nozzles 14, through which they
• the openings of the acceleration nozzles 14 are generally round, but may also be slot-shaped. They are convergent in the flow direction and may be formed in their cross-sections in the form of a convergent-divergent Laval nozzle, with abrupt ones as well Transitions are possible.
• the acceleration nozzles 14 coincide in their longitudinal axis with the longitudinal axis of the spinning nipple 1. As can be seen, the monofilament 16 splices into a plurality of due to the pressure conditions inside and outside the monofilament
• the air should be in an accelerating flow as soon as possible, substantially parallel to the liquid monofilament and be significantly greater than the thread speed. From this it follows at the same time that the cooling, especially of the nipple tip, is to be given great attention, because in the method used the thread count is primarily dependent on the temperature of the spinning mass and only then on the attacking air velocity, the splicing through causes the generation of shear stresses on the liquid flow.
• the cooling is through the supply channel 5 with the flowing fiber-forming
• FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the spinneret according to the invention, which can likewise be used in a device according to FIG. 2.
• This spinneret 1 according to FIG. 3 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that three outlet bores 7 are provided for spinning out three monofilaments and are connected to the supply channel 5. The arrangement of these outlet holes 7 is in the
• outlet bores 7 are only mentioned here by way of example; it is also possible to provide more exit bores, also called capillaries, or only two.
• the throughput can be increased.
• the length of the outlet bore or the capillary is, for example, 1 mm to 2.4 mm.
• the length of the spinneret is of the order of 30 mm. All this information is only an example, other dimensions may be used depending on the specifications
• the outlet holes 7, in contrast to Fig. 3, in which they are arranged parallel to each other, be directed at an acute angle to the central axis of the nozzle 1 to the outside.
• the outer surfaces of the nozzle tip between the holes 7 can for better approaching the air with the aim of uniform embrace the exiting
• Monofilament be formed in the form of tapered to the tip flats or channel-shaped recesses. For this purpose, some "meat” is removed from the round cross section of the top.
• FIG. 5 the view of the nozzle tip from below in three different embodiments is shown, wherein Fig. 5a has a substantially triangular shape with flats, in Fig. 5b is a cross with four outlet holes shown, wherein between the legs of the cross, the trough-shaped Recess is visible.
• FIG. 5 c shows three outlet bores 7 which lie next to one another in a row or one behind the other.
• FIG. 6 an assignment of the nozzle tip of a spinneret 1 to a slot-shaped Laval nozzle 14 is shown in FIG. 6 in two side views.
• a spinnerette 1 in a nipple shape which may have an embodiment according to Figures 1 and 3 to 6, shown, which is associated with an accelerating nozzle 20, for example Laval nozzle, corresponding to the accelerating nozzles 14 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 , As in Fig.
• the spinneret 1 is substantially rotationally symmetrical and has in its center in the interior of the feed channel 5 for the textile material, which ends with the outflow opening or outlet bore 7 of the capillary.
• the acceleration or Laval nozzle 20 which ends in the flow direction of the accelerating gas after a constriction to a narrowest cross-section, ie, can expand abruptly or expand continuously.
• Laval nozzle 20 is part of a sleeve 21 which surrounds the spinneret 1 and can slide on this in a fit corresponding to the reference numeral 22. This serves to ensure that during spinning and cleaning the distance between capillary and lower
• Laval nozzle surface can be changed (see also EP 1 902 164 AI).
• the sleeve 21 may consist of manufacturing reasons of an upper and a lower part, which are interconnected at the reference numeral 23.
• a cavity 24 is also provided between the sleeve 21 and the spinneret 1 for insulation by means of gas or air.
• insulating chambers 4 as shown in FIG. 1 can be provided in the spinning nipple.
• gas holes 25 are incorporated, e.g. in four places, as shown in section A-A in Fig. 7. Through these gas openings, the gas or air can flow to the accelerating nozzle and in the textile monofilament the nanoval effect, i. the
• the lower part of the sleeve 21 rests on a plate 26 with openings for receiving the acceleration nozzles 20 provided in the lower part of the sleeve 21.
• Laval nozzles 20 and the lower part of the sleeves 21 can each - in the drawing horizontally - in move the annular gaps 27.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=44118779

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (10)

Family Cites Families (21)

• 2010
  • 2010-05-04 DE DE201010019910 patent/DE102010019910A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2011
  • 2011-05-04 RU RU2012146912/12A patent/RU2554733C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2011-05-04 CN CN201180032791.0A patent/CN102959143B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-05-04 KR KR1020127031781A patent/KR101540445B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2011-05-04 BR BR112012028050A patent/BR112012028050A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2011-05-04 WO PCT/EP2011/002382 patent/WO2011138056A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2011-05-04 EP EP11722002A patent/EP2567005A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-05-04 US US13/695,633 patent/US9388511B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-05-04 CA CA2798078A patent/CA2798078A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events