EP2556530A1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'une lampe à amalgame - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'une lampe à amalgame

Info

Publication number
EP2556530A1
EP2556530A1 EP11711030A EP11711030A EP2556530A1 EP 2556530 A1 EP2556530 A1 EP 2556530A1 EP 11711030 A EP11711030 A EP 11711030A EP 11711030 A EP11711030 A EP 11711030A EP 2556530 A1 EP2556530 A1 EP 2556530A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
current
amalgam
heating
optimum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11711030A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alex Voronov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Original Assignee
Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heraeus Noblelight GmbH filed Critical Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Publication of EP2556530A1 publication Critical patent/EP2556530A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01J61/28—Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/52—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space
    • H01J61/523—Heating or cooling particular parts of the lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H01J61/72—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an amalgam lamp with a nominal power P n0 minai. comprising a discharge space containing a filling gas, in which between electrodes applied to a maximum of UVC emission lamp voltage U opt j mU m is applied or a maximum of UVC emission designed lamp current l op timum, the discharge space for an amalgam depot accessible is, which is heated by means of a heating element by a heating current l He iz is passed through the heating element.
  • amalgam lamps mercury is introduced into the discharge space in the form of a solid amalgam alloy.
  • the binding of the mercury in the amalgam counteracts a release into the discharge space. This allows higher operating currents (and higher temperatures), so that compared to conventional mercury low pressure lamps three to six times higher performance and power densities can be achieved.
  • the amalgam lamp consists of a quartz glass tube, which is closed on both sides with bruises through which a current feedthrough is laid in each case into the discharge space to form a helical electrode.
  • One of the bruises is to be provided with a cavity open to the discharge space, into which the amalgam is introduced.
  • the solid amalgam is thus disposed outside the discharge. It is heated separately.
  • a heater is provided in the vicinity of the amalgam deposits, which has its own circuit and a temperature control.
  • the helical electrode simultaneously constitutes the heating means for heating the amalgam.
  • Amalgam lamps are usually power-controlled, sometimes operated under current control, the nominal power or the nominal current being designed for the optimum mercury concentration in the discharge space and correspondingly maximum UVC intensity.
  • the temperature of the helical electrode is kept constant, so that the amalgam deposit remains at approximately constant temperature and so is given an optimum mercury vapor pressure for operation, but only as long as the external conditions do not change
  • the outside temperature or by heating the lamp - for example by a housing in a small space - it is easy to increase the temperature in the amalgam reservoir, so that the amalgam lamp is no longer operated in its optimum operating, resulting in reduced power and light output.
  • amalgam lamps are operated by means of a power-controlled ballast in the operating mode "constant power.”
  • constant power the maximum UVC power for commercial amalgam lamps at a mercury vapor pressure is around 0.8 Pa.
  • FIG 3 the UVC emission is plotted in relative units against the mercury vapor pressure in [Pa].
  • this system can not be kept stable at the optimum operating point, such as at a mercury vapor pressure of 0.8 Pa.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a mode of operation for an amalgam lamp which ensures stable operation in the region of the optimum performance.
  • this object is on the one hand according to the invention achieved in that a desired value of the lamp current l so n is set on the basis of the features of the aforementioned method, which is lower than optimum, and that the heating current l He i Z wherein Falling below a lower limit value 11 is switched on or increased for the lamp current and switched off or reduced when exceeding an upper limit value 12 for the lamp current.
  • the invention makes use of the property of the amalgam lamp, according to which the lamp current increases in the region of the optimum of the mercury vapor pressure in the discharge space - with power control of the amalgam lamp - with the mercury partial pressure.
  • the current / voltage operating point of the lamp is not - as usual - aligned to the optimum of UVC emission and thus to the optimal mercury vapor pressure, but in the area below the optimal mercury vapor pressure, ie laid in the direction of a lower lamp current.
  • an additional actuator namely by applying a heating current or by increasing an already applied heating current. This makes it possible to stabilize the control system and prevent a rocking.
  • the amalgam deposit is heated or heated higher, so that the mercury vapor pressure increases. in the Ideally, the operating point shifts to the optimum of mercury vapor pressure and UVC emission.
  • This mode of operation makes it possible to stabilize the working point "A" of the amalgam lamp in the vicinity of the optimum, whereby the laying of the working point "A” with respect to the optimum can be so slight that the UVC emission is not appreciably reduced.
  • n and l as is optimum in the range of 0.1 to 10% of l op timum.
  • a slight shift of the operating point is sufficient, since it is only important to be able to use the heating of the amalgam reservoir as a further actuator for the control can.
  • a difference of more than 10% requires frequent or continuous heating of the amalgam reservoir without any noteworthy contribution to the stability of the control system. With a difference of less than 0.1%, there is little improvement in the control stability.
  • limit values 11 and 12 are provided for switching on or off or for increasing or decreasing the heating current.
  • the lower limit may be lower than 11 l be n, and the upper limit 12 may be between l and n are as l op timum.
  • the upper limit 12 may be between l and n are as l op timum.
  • the heating current is switched on or falls below the setpoint value l so n and off or reduced again when exceeding 1 so n.
  • the operation of the invention has proven particularly useful when loptimum at a mercury vapor pressure in the range of 0.2 to 2 Pa, preferably by 0.8 Pa results.
  • the shift of the operating point of the lamp current to lower values is illustrated schematically in FIG.
  • the above-mentioned technical problem is solved in an equivalent manner also by a mode of operation in which a set value of the lamp voltage U so n is set, which is higher than U ⁇ «TMTM, and that the heating current l He iz when exceeding a Upper limit value U1 is switched on or increased for the lamp voltage and switched off or reduced when falling below a lower limit value U2 for the lamp voltage.
  • the invention makes use of the property of the amalgam lamp, according to which the lamp voltage decreases with the mercury partial pressure in the region of the optimum of the mercury vapor pressure in the discharge space.
  • the current / voltage operating point of the lamp is not - as usual - aligned to the optimum of UVC emission and thus to the optimal mercury vapor pressure, but in the range below the optimal mercury vapor pressure, ie laid in the direction of a higher lamp voltage. Although this results in a lower mercury vapor pressure, but with the possibility to increase it again by means of an additional actuator, namely by applying a heating current or by increasing an already applied heating current. This makes it possible to stabilize the control system and prevent a rocking.
  • the amalgam deposit is heated or heated higher, so that the mercury vapor pressure increases. Ideally, the operating point shifts to the optimum of mercury vapor pressure and UVC emission.
  • This mode of operation makes it possible to stabilize the working point "A" of the amalgam lamp in the vicinity of the optimum, whereby the laying of the working point "A” with respect to the optimum can be so slight that the UVC emission is not appreciably reduced.
  • an operation is preferred in which the difference between U so n and U optimum lies in the range of 0.1 to 10% of Ultimum.
  • a slight shift of the operating point is sufficient, since it is only important to be able to use the heating of Amalggamdepots as another actuator for the scheme can.
  • a difference of more than 10 volts requires frequent or continuous heating of the amalgam reservoir without any additional significant contribution to the stability of the control system. With a difference of less than 1 volt, there is little improvement in control stability.
  • threshold values U1 and U2 are provided for switching on or off or for increasing or decreasing the heating current.
  • the upper limit value U1 may be higher than U so n, and the lower limit value U2 may be between U so n and U 0 pti mU m.
  • the lower limit value U2 may be between U so n and U 0 pti mU m.
  • the heating current is switched on when falling below the target value U so n or increased and switched off or reduced when exceeding U so n again.
  • the heating current ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ preferably set as a function of the height of a desired lamp current I so n, wherein the heating current between 20% to 70%, preferably less than 50% of the desired lamp current l is so n.
  • a low heating current of less than 20% of the target lamp current I so requires a long heating period before the mercury vapor pressure rises appreciably and therefore leads to slow regulation.
  • a high heating current of more than 70% of the target lamp current I so n easily leads to overheating and overshoot of the control.
  • the heating current is therefore set as low as possible and as high as necessary, more preferably less than 50% of the nominal lamp current.
  • the heating element for heating the amalgam depot may have a separate heating device.
  • one of the electrodes is helical and serves as a heating element for the amalgam depot.
  • the mode of operation according to the invention for an amalgam lamp requires a dependence of the lamp voltage on the mercury vapor pressure. This dependence is particularly pronounced in amalgam lamps with a neon- or helium-containing filling gas. Therefore, the mode of operation according to the invention makes advantageous advantageous in particular in an amalgam lamp, in which the discharge space contains a neon or helium-containing filling gas.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a part of the power supply of the amalgam lamp
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the dependence of the UVC emission from the mercury vapor pressure
  • Figure 1 shows schematically one of the two ends of an amalgam lamp 20, which is characterized by a nominal power of 800 W (at a nominal lamp current of 8 A), a radiator length of 150 cm and thus by a power density of slightly less than 5 W / cm. It consists of a quartz glass tube 1, the striglos at its ends with bruises 2 is sen, are embedded in the molybdenum foils 3 and the ends of metallic terminals 4 to a helical electrode 5.
  • the electrode 5 has for this purpose legs 15, which are connected to the molybdenum foil 3.
  • an arc 13 is generated during operation, the foot 14 of which terminates on the surface of the electrode 5.
  • the upper edge of the electrode, on which the base 14 of the arc 13 attacks, is marked with a dashed line 12.
  • the pinch 2 at the illustrated end is provided with a cavity 9 which serves as a receptacle for an amalgam reservoir 6.
  • the cavity 9 has an opening 7 to the discharge space 8.
  • the opening width of the opening 7 is significantly narrower than the maximum clear width of the cavity 9 and also narrower than the maximum diameter of the amalgam reservoir 6, so that the amalgam is trapped in the cavity 9 and can not enter the discharge space 8 in solid form.
  • the maximum opening width of the opening 7 is 2 mm.
  • the amalgam reservoir 6 is fixed in the vicinity of the electrode 5.
  • the electrode 5 is heated by the arc 13 to a temperature that depends on the current performance of the amalgam lamp 20, and the effect on the Amalgamvorrat 6 depending on the distance.
  • the distance is measured between the top edge 12 of the electrode coil and the top edge 16 of the amalgam reservoir; he is in the embodiment about 4.5 cm.
  • the helical electrodes 5a, 5b lie opposite one another within the discharge space 8 of the amalgam lamp 20 (shown in broken lines).
  • An amalgam reservoir is provided only in the cavity 9 adjacent to the helical electrode 5a.
  • the power supply of the amalgam lamp 20 comprises two independent circuits A and B.
  • Circuit “A” serves to heat the electrode 5a and thus to additionally heat the amalgam supply
  • the second circuit “B” is used to apply the lamp current of nominal 7 A.
  • the circuits "A” and “B” are part of a ballast and a controller 21.
  • the discharge space 8 of the amalgam lamp 21 contains, in addition to mercury, a noble gas, namely neon.
  • the amalgam lamp 21 shows a maximum UVC emission in the case of a mercury vapor pressure by 0.8 Pa, as the diagram of Figure 3 shows schematically; in which the UVC emission in relative units against the mercury vapor pressure in [Pa] is plotted.
  • the lamp voltage is dependent on such amalgam lamps. and the lamp current in the case of power control from the mercury vapor pressure, as shown schematically in the diagram of Figure 4.
  • the lamp voltage U On the left ordinate is the lamp voltage U and on the right ordinate the lamp current I is plotted in relative units against the mercury partial pressure p Hg in [Pa].
  • the optimum operating voltage U and best possible arrangement of the optimum operating current I op timum give a mercury vapor pressure of 0.8 Pa.
  • the amalgam lamp 21 with a nominal power of 800 W is operated by means of a power-controlled ballast in the operating mode "constant power".
  • the temperature of the electrode 5a, and thus the temperature of the amalgam supply 6 are reduced, so that the mercury concentration in the discharge space 8 decreases, and thereby the efficiency of the UVC radiation is slightly reduced.
  • the heating current "l He iz" is switched on as soon as the setpoint for the operating current has fallen below 7.0 A, and it is turned off when the operating current has reached 7 A.
  • the heating current is 30% of the target lamp current lson, ie about 2 , 0 A.
  • the operating voltage is switched to the operating voltage instead of the operating current.
  • the amalgam lamp 21 with a nominal power of 800 W. operated by means of a power-controlled ballast in the operating mode "constant power".
  • the heating current "I H eiz" is switched on as soon as the desired value for the operating voltage has exceeded 115 V, and is turned off when the operating voltage is 115 V reached again.
  • the heating current is 30% of the target lamp current I so n, So about 2.0 A.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un procédé connu de fonctionnement d'une lampe à amalgame présentant une puissance nominale Poptimum, une tension de lampe Uoptimum établie à un maximum d'émission de rayons UVC est présente entre des électrodes ou un courant de lampe Ioptimum établi à un maximum d'émission de rayons UVC circule entre lesdites électrodes, l'espace de décharge étant accessible pour un dépôt d'amalgame qui peut être chauffé au moyen d'un élément de chauffage, un courant de chauffage IHeiz étant guidé à travers l'élément de chauffage. L'invention vise à mettre au point, sur cette base, un mode de fonctionnement garantissant un fonctionnement stable dans la plage de puissance optimale. A cet effet, une valeur nominale du courant de lampe ISoll inférieure à Ioptimum est définie, et le courant de chauffage IHeiz est activé ou augmenté si le courant de lampe n'atteint pas une valeur limite inférieure I1, et désactivé ou réduit, si le courant de lampe dépasse une valeur limite supérieure I2.
EP11711030A 2010-04-06 2011-03-14 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une lampe à amalgame Withdrawn EP2556530A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010014040 DE102010014040B4 (de) 2010-04-06 2010-04-06 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Amalgamlampe
PCT/EP2011/001262 WO2011124310A1 (fr) 2010-04-06 2011-03-14 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une lampe à amalgame

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2556530A1 true EP2556530A1 (fr) 2013-02-13

Family

ID=43919607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11711030A Withdrawn EP2556530A1 (fr) 2010-04-06 2011-03-14 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une lampe à amalgame

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9048083B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2556530A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102812535B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010014040B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011124310A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015030840A1 (fr) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 Lichtblau G J Système de rayonnement ultraviolet
US9265174B2 (en) 2013-10-24 2016-02-16 Ultraviolet Devices, Inc. Method and apparatus for optimizing germicidal lamp performance in a disinfection device
US9289527B1 (en) * 2015-05-18 2016-03-22 George J. Lichtblau UV disinfection system with ballast current monitoring
DE102015107694A1 (de) 2015-05-18 2016-11-24 Zed Ziegler Electronic Devices Gmbh Gasentladungslampe sowie Vorrichtung zu deren Temperierung
DE102016120672B4 (de) * 2016-10-28 2018-07-19 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Lampensystem mit einer Gasentladungslampe und dafür angepasstes Betriebsverfahren

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3851207A (en) 1972-08-01 1974-11-26 Gen Electric Stabilized high intensity sodium vapor lamp
JPS57187860A (en) * 1981-05-13 1982-11-18 Hitachi Ltd Discharge lamp with mercury of very high pressure
US4442379A (en) * 1982-07-30 1984-04-10 General Electric Company High pressure sodium vapor lamp having resistance heater means
US5120251A (en) * 1990-02-01 1992-06-09 Gte Products Corporation Negative glow discharge lamp
US5095336A (en) * 1990-11-08 1992-03-10 Xerox Corporation Temperature control of a fluorescent lamp having a central and two end amalgam patches
US5274305A (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-12-28 Gte Products Corporation Low pressure mercury discharge lamp with thermostatic control of mercury vapor pressure
US5581157A (en) 1992-05-20 1996-12-03 Diablo Research Corporation Discharge lamps and methods for making discharge lamps
DE10201617C5 (de) * 2002-01-16 2010-07-08 Wedeco Ag Water Technology Amalgamdotierter Quecksilberniederdruck-UV-Strahler
CN101253600B (zh) * 2005-08-31 2013-06-19 特洛伊科技有限公司 紫外射灯及放射源模组以及含有该紫外射灯的处理系统
CN101379586B (zh) * 2006-02-10 2013-03-27 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 具有汞合金的低压汞蒸汽放电灯
DE102008032608A1 (de) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Schnellstart für Quecksilber-Niederdruck-Amalgam-Lampen
DE102009014942B3 (de) 2009-03-30 2010-08-26 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Dimmbare Amalgamlampe und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Amalgamlampe bei Dimmung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011124310A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130020942A1 (en) 2013-01-24
US9048083B2 (en) 2015-06-02
DE102010014040B4 (de) 2012-04-12
WO2011124310A1 (fr) 2011-10-13
CN102812535A (zh) 2012-12-05
CN102812535B (zh) 2015-11-25
DE102010014040A1 (de) 2011-10-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2011124310A1 (fr) Procédé de fonctionnement d&#39;une lampe à amalgame
EP1177711B1 (fr) Procede de fonctionnement impulsionnel ameliore pour une lampe a decharge silencieuse
EP1761710A1 (fr) Module bus permettant de commander des valves fluidiques
DE2609380A1 (de) Gas- und/oder dampfentladungslampe
DE2632247A1 (de) Anordnung zum speisen einer elektrischen entladungslampe
EP2904880A1 (fr) Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un ensemble lampe destiné à produire un rayonnement ultraviolet et ensemble lampe adapté audit procédé
EP3532434B1 (fr) Système d&#39;éclairage avec lampe à décharge et procédé de fonctionnement
WO2008077832A1 (fr) Lampe à décharge haute pression à mercure
DE2729052A1 (de) Verfahren zum betreiben von gasentladungslampen
DE102018220968B4 (de) Induktionsheizeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Induktionsheizeinrichtung
WO2017085330A1 (fr) Système d&#39;alimentation en énergie pour four électrique
DE102006049359A1 (de) Quecksilberlampe vom Kurzbogentyp
WO2010010076A1 (fr) Dispositif de stérilisation de liquide et procédé associé
EP2415068B1 (fr) Lampe à amalgame à intensité lumineuse variable et procédé de fonctionnement d&#39;une lampe à amalgame en mode éclairage réduit
DE3106201A1 (de) Hochdruck-gasentladungslampe
DE10113903A1 (de) Vorschaltgerät für UV-Strahler sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Desinfektion von Wässern
DE1789116C3 (de) Zündschaltung für eine Gasentladungslampe
EP1709668B1 (fr) Lampe a decharge basse pression
DE202005014660U1 (de) Hochdruckentladungslampe mit Entladungsgefäß
DE102009005639B4 (de) Verfahren zum Regeln der Heizleistung eines Fahrzeugheizgerätes
EP0560063A1 (fr) Lampe à décharge à basse pression
DE10310255A1 (de) Elektrische Heizung mit einer Kontaktkochplatte
DE112019002952T5 (de) Ultraviolettlampe
AT386314B (de) Hochdruck-gasentladungs-lichtquelle mit einer hochdruck-gasentladungslampe
DE102008017505B4 (de) Leuchte mit Kaltkathodenlampe

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20120830

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN

18W Application withdrawn

Effective date: 20130410