EP2539665B1 - Breech guide device for a breech arrangement and rapid-fire weapon having a breech guide device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a closure guide device for a closure assembly of an automatic rapid-fire weapon and an automatic rapid-fire weapon with a closure guide device.

The directional indications used above, below, at the front, at the back, at the right and at the left refer to a weapon held in the attack from the point of view of a shooter.

In general, various closure guide means for guiding a weapon closure are known.

For example, is from the DE 1 174 656 B a closure guide device is known, which forms the starting point for the preamble of claim 1.

The DE 103 49 160 B3 the same applicant shows a weapon component with a hollow body profile for receiving individual weapons elements. In the housing, a slide rail is arranged with a cross-sectional profile, which is designed for engagement in a corresponding groove in a closure element. The slide can be designed to guide the closure element as a roller rail.

From the DE 43 45 591 B4 a self-loading grenade launcher of the same applicant is known in which a centrally arranged cam follower is formed on the closure head. The cam follower may be formed as a roller rotatable about a vertical axis. This role runs in a curved cam in the cam lever, which forms the control cam, and controls the Muntionszufuhr (belt promotion). A so-called pass-round rod fastened in a steel block passes through the housing and guides the ground-locking fastener as it moves along its longitudinal axis. US 3,563,132 shows a cam lever with a control rail, which runs between two guide rollers on the closure head.

DE 1 678 508 B shows a gas pressure supercharger with a gas piston actuated closure for a firearm. Lock carrier and lock head each comprise laterally oriented guide vanes which slide in corresponding grooves in the weapon housing. Further, a roller is arranged on the closure carrier, which enters the return mechanism of the closure in a cam groove on the belt switching mechanism and the gear switching mechanism via a sprocket on.

DE 197 26 032 A1 shows a closure system for a firearm MKM 88. On a closure support of the gas pressure supercharger, a control tunnel and a lateral control cam is arranged. The control cam prevents twisting of a closure head control bar, which is intended to reduce the brake friction of the closure head. A locking lug guides the individual elements. In addition, laterally arranged slide rails are provided in the weapon housing, in which the closure piece is mounted displaceably.

Finally, the shows DE 38 35 556 A1 a straight-pull system for firearms. For straight guidance of the closure two skids are provided. CH 51 131 A shows a Geradzugverschluss with locking lugs, which have inclined locking surfaces.

Overall, known closure guide devices are usually complicated and costly to manufacture because of the necessary tight tolerances and may only provide limited functionality of the closure guide. For example, tilting of the closure guide device can occur, in particular in the case of rail guides, since a large guide play is often required in order to keep the guides insensitive to dirt. On the other hand, with tightly guided guide or control bolts, high frictional forces can occur which increase wear and / or reduce the available actuating forces for weapon functions (e.g., belt conveyance).

Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved closure guide device which at least partially overcomes the above disadvantages.

This object is achieved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments and preferred embodiments are shown in the subclaims.

According to claim 1, a closure guide assembly according to the invention comprises a carrier element arranged in the closure arrangement, a control element arranged on the carrier element and a guide element which guides the closure arrangement along a closure guide path, the carrier element having an axis of symmetry perpendicular to a axis of the axis on which the control element and the guide element are arranged coaxially.

Claim 13 relates to a rapid-fire weapon with a closure guide device.

A closure guide device according to the invention can also each comprise a plurality of control and guide elements, which are arranged on the carrier element. Preferably, the closure guide device according to the invention each comprises a control and a guide element.

Control and guide elements are mounted on the carrier element coaxially to the axis of symmetry. In this case, the control element and the guide element may have the same dimensions, or else the control element may be larger or smaller than the guide element. Control and / or guide element can be arranged for example laterally from the closure assembly outstanding or at the top of the closure assembly.

The guide element is guided during a closing movement of corresponding guideways of a weapon housing. The guideways may be formed in the weapon housing and are configured to form a functional unit with the guide member. For example, rail-like guide profiles may be formed in the housing, on which the guide element is guided slidingly and / or rolling during a closing movement. About the coaxial arrangement of the control and the guide element can be on the control acting transverse forces on the guide element rolling and / or sliding in the housing or the housing half shells initiate. Overall, a high efficiency of the closure effect can be achieved by low friction or sliding resistance.

According to claim 2, the control element and the guide element are arranged slidingly mounted on the carrier element. A sliding bearing allows high dynamic peak loads with low frictional resistance. In this case, for example, self-lubricating sliding coatings can be provided. Alternatively, other suitable bearings, such as rolling bearings or ball bearings can be provided here.

In accordance with claim 3, the control element is arranged and formed axially displaceably together with the carrier element in a receptacle surrounding the carrier element.

According to claim 4, the control element and the support element are mounted against the action of an actuating element (for example the spring pressure of a spring element) in the receptacle. Thus, the control can be moved together with the carrier element axially against the spring pressure and in the closure assembly, for example in the closure carrier, which then forms the receptacle, are added. In a corresponding embodiment of the spring element and dimensioning of the control and support member, the control can be completely submerged in the lock carrier. For example, if the control is formed on the top of the closure assembly, e.g. When closing a cartridge feeder cover, open the lateral edge of the guideway on the control lever on the control and push it into the lock carrier without damage.

In the embodiment according to claim 5, the carrier element passes through the guide element and is designed to be displaceable relative to the guide element. Thus, the control can be moved axially with the support member regardless of the guide element, whereby a simple component-saving design is possible.

If the guide element is held in the guideway via the closure arrangement (claim 6), secure guidance of the guidance element is ensured on the one hand and, on the other hand, the guiding stability of the closure arrangement is increased during a closure movement, which is supported by the guide element along the guideway on the housing.

Also, in the case of the closure guide device according to the invention, the carrier element can be secured against the action of the actuating element via a securing element on the closure guide device. As a securing element, a correspondingly suitable securing means, such as a pin, a bolt or a screw can be used. When mounting the closure guide device in the closure assembly, the spring element is first used, after which the one or more guide elements are used with the carrier element in a formed in the closure assembly recess. In this position, the guide elements can be fixed (for example, by the carrier element), so that falling out of the closure arrangement is prevented.

Claim 7 relates to an embodiment in which the control element and the guide element are each formed as a roll, which roll on a lateral movement and / or control surfaces in a movement of the closure assembly. The carrier element forms the control and guide roller axis. An independent storage of the control and the guide element allow a comparatively small guide clearance between the guide roller and the guideways on the housing parts or housing sides. Thus, the control or the control roller friction higher actuating and control forces, e.g. transferred to the cam lever of Gurtförderung. The resulting counter forces are introduced via the guide element rolling into the housing. Overall, the closing movement is further facilitated by low frictional resistance of the control element and the guide element.

Upon movement of the closure assembly, the rollers may also rotate in opposite directions. (Claim 8) Since the rollers face each other Supported lying sides, they rotate in a closing movement and the operation of a cam lever in opposite directions. Advantageously, the stability of the closure guide can thus be increased.

According to claim 9, at least one of the rollers on a spherical roller surface. A crowned cam roller, which serves as a control, can not tilt a track (e.g., cam lever). Overall, the coaxial design of the crowned cam roller and the guide roller allows a closure guide in which the guide element / guide roller or control / cam roller improves against each supported and manufacturing tolerances can be increased. Crowned rolling surfaces improve the rolling properties at different axial angles of the rollers to the guide or control tracks.

According to claim 10, the control engages in the forward and reverse of the closure assembly for controlling a cartridge feed on the control edge of a cam lever. For this purpose, the control element can be arranged on the upper side of the closure carrier and the control curve can be arranged and formed in a cartridge feeder cover. The control controls so in a shutter movement - during a reload or a firing - a belt conveyor provided in the housing cover on, and transmits the mutually acting actuating forces on the guide element with little play on the weapon housing.

The control element moves along a control path defined by the guide element and controls the oscillating pivotal movement of the control lever, which in turn drives the conveyor mechanism for the supply of cartridges. The close tolerance of the guideways to each other reduces lateral accelerations of the weapon, which can affect their accuracy.

Overall, the invention provides a compact closure guide device, which increases the belt conveying force, reduces the resistance to movement of the closure device, and thus improves the overall function of the weapon can ensure that the entire fire cycle is low-friction and low-lateral acceleration and so ultimately the reliability and accuracy are increased.

The invention will be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawings. In the figures, like reference numerals designate like elements throughout.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Verschlussanordnung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Verschlussführungseinrichtung in einer Ansicht schräg von vorne;

Figur 2

die in Figur 1 dargestellte Verschlussanordnung in einer Ansicht von schräg hinten;

Figur 3

einen Querschnitt durch ein Waffengehäuse im Bereich der Verschlussführungsanordnung;

Figur 4

einen Längsschnitt durch die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Verschlussanordnung;

Figur 5

einen Querschnitt (Schnitt A-A) der in Figur 4 dargestellten Verschlussanordnung;

Figur 6a bis k

schematische Darstellungen der Verschlusswarzenstellung und der zugehörigen Steuerbolzenstellung zur Erläuterung der wesentlichen Funktionsabläufe bei der Verschlussver-/entriegelung;

Figur 7

eine Darstellung des Verschlusskopfes in einer Seitenansicht,

Figur 7a

eine Detaildarstellung einer Verschlusswarze des Verschlusskopfes aus Figur 7 (Detail Y); und

Figur 8

ein Verriegelungsstück in einer Ansicht von hinten und im Längsschnitt (A-A).

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, in which shows

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a closure assembly with a closure guide device according to the invention in a view obliquely from the front;

FIG. 2

in the FIG. 1 Shown closure arrangement in a view obliquely from behind;

FIG. 3

a cross section through a weapon housing in the region of the shutter guide assembly;

FIG. 4

a longitudinal section through the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated closure assembly;

FIG. 5

a cross section (section AA) of in FIG. 4 illustrated closure assembly;

Figure 6a to k

schematic representations of the locking cam position and the associated control bolt position to explain the essential functional sequences in the lock / unlocking;

FIG. 7

a representation of the closure head in a side view,

Figure 7a

a detailed view of a breech of the closure head FIG. 7 (Detail Y); and

FIG. 8

a locking piece in a view from behind and in longitudinal section (AA).

The embodiment shown in the figures shows a closure assembly of a machine gun, not shown, which is designed as a gas pressure loader.

In the FIGS. 1 to 5 the essential components are recognizable.
The closure assembly comprises a closure support 1, which is coupled at its front end via a gas pressure linkage 2 with the (not shown) Gasabnahme the weapon. In this case, in a known manner, the removal of gas via a gas take-off cylinder (not shown) to the front end face of the piston 4 to a gas pressure which transmits a force on the gas pressure rod 2 on the Verschlussträger and this in the housing 6 (see FIG. 3 ) moves backwards.

The housing 6 (see Fig. 3 ) is formed here by two housing shells 8 and 10, which in their interior serving as a closure guideways guide rails 12, 14, 16 and 18, which guide the lock carrier 1 in its reciprocation in the housing 6.

The lower guide rails 12, 14 engage in the guide grooves 20 and 22 on the left and right side of the closure support 1 and guide it horizontally in the longitudinal direction - in the transverse direction and vertically fixed - ie along a bore axis 24 (see Fig. 1 and 2 ) in the housing 6.

Since a guide-free gap 21 is formed between the front and rear left guide grooves 20 and right guide grooves 22, the guide is particularly low friction and insensitive to contamination. Dirt is from the guide grooves 20, 22, which surround the guide rails 12 and 14 claw-like, stripped and removed from the guide rails 12 and 14, so that the Dirt can not fix in the actual management area. In this way, the actual guide surfaces and thus the friction forces occurring are kept low. Characterized in that the guide grooves 20 and 22 are arranged in pairs at the front and rear ends of the closure carrier 1, this is supported over its entire length and guided without tilting in the housing.

In addition, the closure carrier 1 at the upper rear end on a closure guide means 30 which includes a carrier element serving as a guide shaft 32 which rotatably receives at its upper end serving as a control control roller 34 and axially guided in a transverse recess 26 of the closure carrier 1, as a guide element serving guide roller 36 passes, which also rotatably seated on the guide shaft 32 and laterally protrudes beyond the side walls of the closure carrier 1. Guide shaft 32, control roller 34 and guide roller 36 are arranged coaxially with respect to an axis of symmetry 33 which is perpendicular to the axis of the soul 24. The guide shaft 32 itself is seated axially displaceable in a receiving opening 38 of the closure carrier 1 and is pressed by a spring 40 upwards and is against the spring pressure down into the serving as a receptacle closure carrier 1 in displaceable. The axial travel is defined by a recess 42 on the outside of the guide shaft 32, in which a locking pin 44 passing through the locking carrier 1 in the transverse direction forms a stop. The guide shaft 32 is thus displaceable between the upper and lower stop surface of the recess 42 against the retaining pin 44, which also prevents the guide shaft 32 is pushed by the spring 40 upwardly out of the receiving opening 38. The control roller 34 is rotatably fixed to the upper end of the guide shaft 32 via a rivet 46 and a washer 48.

In the illustrated embodiment, the control roller 34 (control) engages in the U-shaped control link of a cam lever 50, wherein the control roller 34 with its spherical peripheral surface alternately engages the inner flanks of the lateral legs 52 and 54. Thus, in the case of forward and backward closing carrier 1, the control roller 34 serves as a drive cam, which reciprocates the cam lever transversely to the axis of the soul 24, which in turn drives a cartridge conveying mechanism. Of the Cam lever 50 transmits depending on its direction of movement via its legs 52, 54 transverse forces on the control roller 34 and thus on the guide shaft 32 on the lock carrier 1, which is tilted transversely to the right or left to the housing 6. So that these transverse forces do not impair the guiding properties and the mobility of the closure carrier 1 along the axis of the soul 24, the likewise crowned guide roller 36 on the guide rails 16 and 18, respectively, transfers these transverse loads to the housing 6. Thus, the guide grooves 20 and 22 do not jam with the guide rails 12 and 14. The control and transport function of the control roller 34 thus causes only a very small, the movement of the closure carrier 1 in the housing 6 retarding friction effect.

The execution of these guiding or control elements as crowned rollers 34, 36 ensure a particularly smooth running. For example, causes the right leg 52 on the control edge on a left-acting force on the right side of the control roller 34, so sets the guide roller 36 on the left side to the leading edge of the left guide rail 16 at. i.e. the rollers 34 and 36 roll in opposite directions on opposite flanks. By a corresponding clearance or a dimensioning of the distance between the mutually facing flanks of the guide rails 16 and 18 and the legs 52 and 54 so that a particularly smooth guiding function can be realized. The convex rolling surfaces of the rollers 34, 36 ensure a clean unrolling function even with slightly tilted position of the closure carrier 1, and roll in slightly tilted position with their rolling surfaces on the guide flanks of the guide rails 16, 18 and the inner flanks of the legs 52, 54 of the Cam lever 50.

The cam lever 50 is arranged in a swing-down hinged lid 56 which receives a belt conveyor mechanism (not shown). Since the guide shaft 32 is designed to be retractable with the control roller 34 via the spring 40 in the lock carrier 1, the cover 56 can be closed in any desired closed position without the risk that the cam lever 50 or the control roller 34 will be damaged. If one of the legs 52, 54 reaches the control roller 34 with its downwardly pointing end face, this is combined with the control roller 34 Guide shaft 32 is moved into the receiving opening 38 in the lock carrier 1 into it. In a through-loading movement of the closure carrier 1 along the axis of the soul 24 then slides the upper end face of the control roller 34 as long at the lower end face of the legs 52 or 54 along until the control roller 34 again completely enters the path of the cam lever 50 and there by action of the spring 40 occurs.

To improve the rolling properties of the control roller 34 and guide roller 36, the outer surface of the guide shaft 32 and / or the inner surfaces of the control roller 34 and the guide roller 36 have particularly lubricious surfaces (coating, processing). It is also possible to connect the control roller 34 and the guide roller 36 in turn via suitable roller bearings with the guide shaft 32. In other embodiments (not shown), roller bearings can also be provided in the region of the guide grooves 20 and 22 in order to further reduce the frictional resistances to the guide rails 12, 14, 16, 18 during the movement of the closure carrier 1 in the housing 6 in these regions. There are also embodiments in which, instead of the rollers (control roller 34, guide roller 36) sliding on the guide flanks or the inner edges of the cam lever attacking control / guide elements are provided, which are also with respect to the guide shaft (32) movable / displaceable Such elements then at least in terms of symmetry with respect to a symmetry plane spanned by the axis of the soul (24) and the axis of symmetry (33).

The closure arrangement shown is provided with a so-called. A rotary cam closure in which a closure head 100 is axially displaceable and rotatably received between a locking and unlocking in a guide sleeve 58 at the top of the closure carrier 1. At its front end, the closure head 100 carries in two consecutive wreaths four front 104v and four rear 104h bumps, each in pairs (in dial orientation) in pairs between one and two o'clock, four o'clock and five o'clock, seven o'clock and eight o'clock - And the ten and eleven o'clock position are arranged. Between the locking lugs 104v, 104h are laterally longitudinally extending gaps provided, which serve for the locking function in a locking piece 200 and for guiding the closure head 100 in the housing 6.

The closure arrangement shown is provided for a so-called gun to be fired, in which the entire closure assembly is located behind the ammunition before the firing and advances the triggering of a shot, the ammunition in the (not shown here) ammunition / cartridge chamber feeds and there after the Locking the lock ignites.

In the FIGS. 1 . 2 . 4 and 5 is the closure head 100 in its unlocked position and in the FIGS. 6d-f shown in its locked position. As the shutter assembly moves in the housing 6, the lock head 100 is guided against unintentional rotation out of the unlocked position by the guide rails 16 and 18 extending between the locking lugs 104v and 104h in the two side gaps (nine o'clock and three o'clock positions) ,

Furthermore, two Zufühmasen 108 are provided at the front end of the closure head 100 in 12 o'clock position, between which a Ausstoßerschlitz 110 runs. These supply lugs 108 serve to supply the cartridge while a pusher (not shown) fixedly arranged on the housing ejects the empty cartridge case from the weapon during the backward movement (see below). The paired Zufuhlasen 108 allow stable leadership of the cartridge in ammunition transport in the weapon.

The rotational movement of the closure head 100 is via a downwardly projecting control pin 102 (see. FIG. 4, 5 and 7 ), which projects into the control slot 60 of the closure carrier and is deflected there during the relative movement of the closure head 100 to the closure carrier 1, depending on its direction of movement and the operating state of the weapon in different rotational positions. For this purpose, the control link 60 has a front linear guide region 66 and a rear linear guide region 68, which merge into one another via a control flank 62 for locking and a control flank 64 for unlocking. At the rear end of the front Linear guide portion 66 is a transverse to the axis of the axis 24 arranged flat stop surface 70 is formed, which cooperates with a rear end face 128 on the control pin 102, that with leading lock carrier 1 and arranged in the linear guide portion 66 control pin 102 no angular momentum is transmitted to the closure head 100.

The control pin 102 is formed with a wedge-shaped radially outwardly widening cross-sectional profile and engages in the correspondingly formed receiving profile of the control link 60 and in particular the linear guide portions 66 and 68 a. Thus, the closure head 100 is held in the control link 60 as in a dovetail guide and secured against tilting in the guide sleeve 58. The closure head (eg when the closure arrangement is removed) can not be accidentally levered out of the guide sleeve 58, in particular when the rear end of the closure head is only in the guide sleeve 58 with a small overlap (cf. position in FIG FIG. 4 ).

For scheduled removal of the closure head, a removal window 71 is provided at the rear end of the linear guide region 68, from which the control bolt 102 can be pivoted by means of a rotary movement of the closure head 100 in the guide sleeve 58, so that the closure head 100 can be removed from the guide sleeve 58 forward ,

In the closure head 100 extends coaxially to the axis of the soul 24, a firing pin channel 116 in which the firing pin 118 is slidably guided. The firing pin 118 is received at its rear end with a ball head 120 in a receiving bearing 59 and fixed there axially via a transverse pin 122 in the bolt carrier 1. During the relative movement between the closure carrier 1 and the closure head 100, the firing pin 118 moves together with the closure carrier 1, relative to the closure head 100 to the front and to the rear. During the firing, the firing pin 118 pushes through the firing pin opening 124 and exits the impact floor 126 at the front end of the shutter head 100, where the bottom of the cartridge to be fired abuts and strikes the firing pad. In the extraction of the cartridge engages an extractor claw 112, which is pressed into its holding position via a spring-loaded pressure pin. In this case, the clamping force is adjusted so that it can be swung radially in the cartridge feed over the rear edge of the cartridge bottom, and then to invade the Auszieherrille the cartridge fixed in the cartridge chamber.

The locking lugs 104 on the closure head 100 cooperate with the locking lugs 204 on the locking piece 200 during the locking process. At first, the bumps 104 between the recesses 202 (FIG. Fig. 8 ) in the locking piece 200 and are brought into a position in which the control edge 62 engages to lock in the control link 60 on the control pin 102 and this twisted and thus also brings the locking lugs 104 in front of the nipples 204 in the locking piece 200 (the closure head 100 is rotated), so that the rearwardly facing end surfaces 106 of the locking lugs 104 create the forwardly facing end surfaces 206 of the locking lugs 204 and thus lock the locking head in the linear direction (in the direction of the axis of the soul 24), so lock. Thus, the closure head 100 is also accurately to the cartridge chamber (not shown) set, which is worked out at the rear end of the gun barrel (not shown), which in turn is fixed and connected in a defined position with the locking piece.

When unlocking the control edge 64 engages in the control link 60 in a relative movement of the closure carrier 1 to the closure head 100 on the control pin 102 and turn this again out of its locking position, so that the closure head 100 again with the locking lugs 104hv through the recesses 202 on the locking piece 200th can be led out linearly to the rear.

To improve the locking and unlocking function is in the locking piece 200, a guide channel 209 (see Fig. 6c ) provided partially on the cam portion 208 (see FIGS. 6 and 8th ) and cooperates with a control shutter cam 104h at the shutter head 100.

The guide channel 209 extends between the in FIG. 6c dash-dotted lines shown. It is defined by the facing side surfaces 207a and 207b of the circumferentially adjacent locking lugs 204a and 204b, by the control cam portion 208 on the control lug 204b and a guide surface 205 on the locking lug 204a. The guide channel 209 defined in this way guides the control plug cam 104h 'on its side flanks 109a and 109b via a control section 132 and a guide section 111 (cf. FIG. 6 . 7 and 7a ).

The effect of this arrangement is mainly used to improve the cartridge extraction process and to make the entire movement during unlocking and locking liquid and low-stress.

The exact function becomes clear from a complete cycle of movement that the shutter assembly undergoes in delivering a shot. This is in the Fig. 6a to 6k shown schematically. Locking lugs 104 and 104h ', 104v and locking lugs 204 and 204a, b are shown unwound and twisted to each other. The corresponding position of the control pin 102 in the control link 60 is shown hatched.

I. Trigger the shutter

When the weapon is cocked, the closure arrangement (closure carrier 1 and closure head 100) is in its rear position in the housing 6. The closure springs (not shown) are tensioned and engage on the closure support 1 in the area of the two closure spring eyes 72 and are on the closure spring guide rods (not shown) ), which enforce the closure spring eyes 72, stretched. The closure carrier 1 is held by the trigger mechanism (not shown) on the detent lugs 74. The closure head 100 is in its unlocked position and is held on the guide rails 16 and 18 in this rotational position. The control pin 102 is located in the front linear guide portion 66. Upon release of the shutter assembly of the detent lug 74 is released, and the shutter assembly fast under the action of the shutter springs forward (in the arrow direction, see Fig. 6a to 6e ).

II. Cartridge Feed (FIG. 6a)

The Zuführnasen 108 attack at the bottom of a aufgegurtete cartridge, unbegurten this and lead the cartridge in the further movement of the closure assembly forward through the locking piece 200 into the cartridge chamber of the gun barrel (not shown) which is fixed in the locking piece 200. At the latest when hitting the Zuführnasen 108 on the cartridge bottom of the closure head 100 is pushed in the lock carrier 1 to the rear. In this case, the control pin 102 moves relative to the closure carrier 1 in the control link 60, in the front linear guide portion 66 to the rear and there suggests the flat stop surface 70 at. The bumps 104 dive the recesses 202 between the locking lugs 204 passing into the locking piece 200, at the top there is a supply ramp 210 for the cartridge, via which it is further inserted into the chamber of the gun barrel. The Steuerverschlusswarze 104h 'is doing in the Guide channel 209 introduced, and axially guided over the side surfaces 207a, b at their side edges 109a, b in the guide channel 209.

III. Lock the lock (Fig. 6b-d)

The leading, guided by the guide rails 16, 18 in the housing positively closure head 100 leaves with its front lobes 104v the guide rails 16, 18 and overrun with the front lobes 104v first the rear locking lug row 204 of the locking piece 200. At the further flow of the closure head 100 also runs the rear locking lug series 104h of the closure head 100 of the guide rails 16, 18 from.

The closure head 100 remains in its unlocked position until the control shutter cam 104h 'abuts with its control section 132 against the cam section 208 in the locking piece 200, which transmits an angular momentum to the closure head 100, so that it is twisted with its locking lugs 104 - in the present case Fall counterclockwise by about one-third of its total rotation. In this case, the control plug cam 104h 'is guided on its control section 132 and its guide section 111 via the guide surface 205 and the control cam section 208 in the guide channel 209 between the locking lugs 204a, b.

By the one-sided impact of the control portion 132 of the tax return cam 104h 'on the cam portion 208 of the control cam lobe 204 b, the closure head 100 is loaded on one side and has a tendency to dodge transversely to the core axis 24 and jammed.

The outer diameter of the cylindrical shaft surface 105 (FIG. Fig. 1 . 2 and 5 ) is on the inside width w (inner diameter) between the radially inwardly facing head surfaces 203 of the locking lugs 204 tuned (see. Fig. 8 ). In such a way that the closure head 100 can not escape and tilt during the locking process. Rather, it is supported with its cylindrical shaft surface 105 on the corresponding top surfaces 203 of the locking lugs 204. As a result, the closure head 100 is guided axially in the locking piece 200, does not tilt, converts its forward movement into a rotational movement without major friction losses, and locks smoothly in the locking piece 200.

In this case, the rear stop surface 128 of the control pin 102 from the area of the stop surface 70 in the control link 60. The control edge 62 for locking in the control link 60 engages a corresponding control surface of the control pin 102 and continues the locking function, by the relative movement between cam section 208 and control section 132 has been initiated. In this case, the control edge 62 sets for locking on a corresponding control surface of the control pin 102 and thereby twists the closure head 100 further into its locking position.

In this case, the cartridge bottom sets completely against the impact bottom 126 of the closure head 100, and the extractor claw 112 snaps into the corresponding Auszieherrille on the cartridge bottom.

Upon further rotation of the closure head 100, the bumps 104 reach in front of the locking lugs 204, and the rear end surfaces 106 of the bumps 104 completely hide the front end surfaces 206 of the locking lugs 204. In this case, the closure head 100 performs a rotation about another two thirds of its total rotation. The locking end surfaces 106 and 206 are inclined at a self-locking angle to the axis of the soul 24, and the rest of locking takes place in a kind of screwing movement with a flat pitch between the locking lugs 104 and the locking lugs 204. The surface coupling is self-locking. That is, an axial effect on the closure head does not lead in that the bumps 104 move independently from their Verrieglungslage.

The locking process described above proceeds extremely smoothly and without strong rebound movements by the pilot control (cam section 208 and control section 132, about one third of the total rotational movement) and the final final locking. The inclination of the end surfaces 106 and 206 facilitates this process and reduces the internal frictional resistance. The inclination of the cam portion 208 corresponds to the inclination of the control portion 132, and the inclination of the guide surface 205 and the guide portion 111 and is adjusted to the inclination of the control edge 62 for locking or the control surface on the control pin 102 so that both processes smoothly merge into each other. The inclination angle of the control flank 62 for locking the bolt head is set with respect to the inclination angle of the cam portion 208 so that the rotational acceleration of the locking bolt head is increased upon the transition of the bolt head control from the cam portion 208 to the lock control flank 62.

The inclination angle of the control edge 62 corresponds to the inclination angle of the control edge 64 for unlocking, to ensure that the control pin 102 with as little side clearance over the entire length of the control link 60 and above all by the control edge regions 62 and 64 can move.

IV. Firing / Ignition of the Cartridge (FIG. 6d)

The control pin 102 is now at the front end of the rear linear guide portion 68, and the lock head 100 itself is set in the linear direction in the locking piece 200 and locked in the circumferential direction. The closure carrier 1 now moves further relative to the closure head the front and pushes the firing pin 118 in the firing pin channel 116 forward and that far enough that the tip of the firing pin 118 pushes forward through the firing pin opening 124 and ignites the cartridge. In this case, the control pin 102 moves in the linear guide region 68 relative to the further forward sliding closure carrier 1 to the rear until the closure support 1 with its front 61 impinges on the rearwardly facing end face 201 of the locking piece and stops its forward movement. As a result, the relative movement between the closure carrier 1 and the locking piece 200 is interrupted.

After the firing, the closure carrier 1 is pressed back against the action of the closing springs via the gas pressure acting on the piston 4 and initially moves back relative to the closure head 100 (in the direction of the arrow, see FIG Fig. 6f to 6k ). The firing pin 118 is pulled back into the firing pin channel 116 via the ball head 120. In this case, the control pin 102 moves forward in the linear guide region 68 and comes into engagement with the control edge 64 for unlocking. ( Fig. 6f )

V. Unlocking and removing the cartridge (Fig. 6f-6h)

As a result of the unlocking movement now beginning, the bump warts 104 are unscrewed from the region of the locking bumps 204 (FIG. Fig. 6g ). In this case, the contact pressure between the impact floor 126 and cartridge case bottom relaxes, and the extractor claw 112 can rotate in the Auszieherrille the cartridge case. The rotational movement is first applied between the control edge 64 and the control pin 102. By firing the cartridge case can be widened (gelidert) and very firmly wedged in the chamber of the barrel. In this case, during the unlocking rotation, the control section 132 is supported on the control cam section 208 and pulls the cartridge case out of the (from the in Fig. 6g shown in the in Fig. 6h shown position) cartridge chamber.

In this case, the control locking lug 104h '-as in the case of locking-is guided on its control section 132 and on its guide section 111 via the control cam section 208 on the locking lug 204b and the guide surface 205 of the locking lug 204a in the guide channel 209.

After completion of the rotation of the locking lugs 104 are aligned with the recesses 202 in the locking piece 200. The control pin 102 abuts against the front end of the linear guide portion 66 and is now linear - with entrainment of the closure head 100 and the loosened, held by the extractor claw 112 cartridge case - from led back further moving closure carrier 1 to the rear ( Fig. 6i ). This lock head 100 and cartridge case from the chamber and the locking piece 200 ( Fig. 6k ).

During the further return movement, the closure head 100 returns to the area of the guide rails 16 and 18, and the ejector projecting into the ejector slot 110 strikes the cartridge case down through the window 3 in the gas pressure linkage 2 and further away from the weapon. Upon further return, the closure carrier 1 abuts with a stop pin 76 on the bottom plate (not shown) of the weapon, which is arranged in the lower region of the closure carrier 1 in extension of the gas pressure linkage 2.

In the interior of the closure carrier 1, this stop pin 76 is cushioned by a mechanical buffer 78, which realizes a high mechanical energy intake via an annular spring arrangement 80 and swallows a high proportion of the kinetic energy of the closure arrangement with low recoil. Upon release of the trigger, the closure assembly is locked again on the detent lugs 74; after the last cartridge has been removed from the belt, the closure remains in its locked position.

Further features and variants of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following claims.

Claims (13)

1. A breech guide device (30) for a breech arrangement (1, 100) of an automatic rapid-fire weapon, with a carrier element (32) arranged in the breech arrangement (1, 100),
   a control element (34) arranged on the carrier element (32) for controlling a component of the weapon, in particular a belt feed,
   wherein the carrier element (32) extends along an axis of symmetry (33) extending at a right angle to a bore axis (24),
   characterized in that a guide element (36) for guiding the breech arrangement (1, 100) along a breech guide path (16, 18) is arranged on the carrier element (32), and
   the control element (34) and the guide element (36) are arranged coaxially with the axis of symmetry (33) of the carrier element (32).
2. A breech guide device (30) according to claim 1, in which the control element (34) and/or the guide element (36) is or are arranged so as to be movable with respect to the carrier element (32).
3. A breech guide device (30) according to claim 1 or 2, in which the control element (34) is arranged and designed so as to be axially displaceable together with the carrier element (32) inside a receiving means (1) holding the carrier element (32).
4. A breech guide device (30) according to claim 3, in which the control element (34) and the carrier element (32) are mounted in the receiving means (1) so as to be displaceable against the action of an actuator element (40).
5. A breech guide device (30) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the carrier element (32) passes through the guide element (36) and is designed so as to be axially displaceable with respect to the guide element (36).
6. A breech guide device (30) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the guide element (36) is held by way of the breech arrangement (1, 100) in a portion corresponding to the breech guide path (16, 18) on the axis of symmetry (33).
7. A breech guide device (30) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the control element (34) and/or the guide element (36) is or are designed in each case in the form of a roller which during a movement of the breech arrangement (1, 100) rolls or roll on lateral guide faces (16, 18) and/or control faces (52, 54).
8. A breech guide device (30) according to claim 7, in which during a movement of the breech arrangement (1, 100) the rollers (34, 36) rotate in opposite directions.
9. A breech guide device (30) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, in which at least one of the rollers (34, 36) has a convex rolling face.
10. A breech guide device (30) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which during the advance and return of the breech arrangement (1, 100) the control element (34) engages on the control flank (52, 54) of a cam lever (50) in order to control the supply of cartridges.
11. A breech arrangement (1, 100) with a breech guide device (30) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising:

    a rotary lug breech with a breech carrier (1) and a breach head (100) mounted therein and with a plurality of breech lugs (104) and a locking member (200) with a plurality of locking lugs (204), wherein the locking member (200) has formed in it - on a locking lug (204) - a control cam portion (208) which faces towards the rear and which,

    when the breech head (100) is unlocked, converts an unlocking movement, during which rear end faces (106) of the breech lugs (104) are detached from front end faces (206) of the locking lugs (204), into a screwing movement of the breech head (100) by way of a suitably designed control portion (132) facing towards the front on a control breech lug (104h') in order to release a cartridge case held in the breech head (100) from a cartridge store , during which screwing movement the control portion (132) is supported on the control cam portion (208) and which, during the locking and whilst engaging on the control portion (132), performs a preliminary control function, which rotates a control pin (102) in a control gate (60) of the breech carrier (1) from an unlocking position into a control position in which the control gate (60) engages with a locking flank (62) on the control pin (102) and, when the breech carrier (1) moves forward relative to the breech head (100), exerts a rotary pulse upon the breech head (100) and thus converts a linear feed motion of the breech head [into] a locking movement by means of a screwing movement.
12. A rapid-fire weapon with a breech guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
13. A rapid-fire weapon with a breech arrangement (1, 100) according to claim 11.

Images