EP4070027A1 - Breech system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a breech system for a firearm, comprising a breech receiver and a breech bolt, wherein the breech receiver is designed as a hollow cylinder with at least radially inwardly projecting engagement means and furthermore a breech bolt head is provided, which has outwardly projecting engagement means corresponding to the inwardly projecting engagement means, wherein the breech bolt head is rotatably mounted on a breech carrier and furthermore a breech body is present, which is displaceable on a breech bolt head shaft of the breech bolt head and at least one compression spring is provided between the breech body and the breech carrier, which spring is provided to move the breech body towards the breech bolt head, wherein means are provided on the breech bolt head shaft and on the breech body and cause rotation of the breech bolt head upon displacement of the breech body on the breech bolt head shaft.

Description

Locking systems

The invention relates to a locking system for a firearm according to the preamble of claim 1.

In modern firearms, a projectile is driven through a barrel by means of a gas generated in particular by combustion of a propellant charge and ejected from the barrel. The barrel gives the bullet the direction and it also provides the bullet with a rapid rotation around its longitudinal axis, which stabilizes the bullet in its flight phase according to the principle of gyro stabilization.

In order to be able to fire the projectile, projectiles are part of a cartridge, the cartridge consisting of a cartridge case, usually made of brass, a propellant charge located in the case, usually made of nitrocellulose powder, and a primer. The primer is embedded in the case base, which is opposite the case neck and the case muzzle into which the projectile is inserted.

A cartridge is stored in an area axially opposite the barrel muzzle, namely the cartridge chamber, the cartridge chamber having an inner contour that largely corresponds to the outer contour of the cartridge case and, depending on the design of the firearm, takes the cartridge completely or the cartridge with a butt-bottom area protrudes over the chamber to the rear, ie against the direction of fire.

When the shot is fired, the hot powder gases, which are created by the combustion of the propellant charge, expand and push the projectile into the barrel in the direction of the shot. In order to ensure correct guidance and introduction of the projectile into the fields of the barrel profile, which are usually smaller in diameter, a transition cone is provided, in the area of which the diameter of the barrel is reduced to the specified caliber. The force of the expanding powder gases acts on the one hand on the projectile, but on the other hand also on the cartridge case, so that a force directed backwards in the firing direction acts on the case and also a radial expansion that presses the case wall against the cartridge chamber wall. This so-called "chanting" is desirable because, on the one hand, it creates a temporary gas tightness and, on the other hand, it opposes the rearward force of the powder gases with a frictional connection.

In order to keep the cartridge in the chamber while the shot is being fired and to close the cartridge chamber at the rear, firearms have so-called locks. The different types of lock are, for example, tilt barrel locks, tilt block locks (Jäger system, Blaser system), drop block or vertical block locks and cylinder locks.

Usually, the closures also take on a firing pin or firing pin in order to ignite the priming cap resting on the closure or on the bottom of the closure by suddenly pushing it in and thus ignite the propellant charge.

So-called chamber or cylinder locks are present in repeating weapons and usually also in self-loading weapons. At the end of the barrel where the cartridge chamber is arranged, there is usually a lock housing, a so-called lock sleeve, in which a lock piece in the shape of a cylinder, the so-called chamber, can move axially back and forth. In the closed state, this chamber is locked either directly with the barrel or with the breech block in such a way that the cartridge is fixed in the chamber by the butt plate, i.e. the axial front surface of the breech block.

In known bolt action rifles, in particular bolt handle bolt action rifles, the locking cylinder is moved manually in the locking sleeve to release the chamber or to close the chamber. By manually pushing it back and forth again, an empty cartridge case is pulled out of the chamber and then thrown out and then a new cartridge out of a magazine from behind into the cartridge camp and then the cartridge chamber is locked. With conventional rotary chamber closures with a chamber stem, the cylinder with the chamber stem must be rotated to unlock and lock the closure before it can be opened. The locking takes place via a different number of locking elements, wel che can be designed as locking lugs that engage in corresponding recesses in the barrel or the locking sleeve. Between the locking cylinder and the locking sleeve on the one hand or the locking cylinder and the barrel on the other hand (so-called direct locking), there is a locking behind which the locking lugs are engaged to axially fix the locking chamber in the locking sleeve or in the barrel.

The generic system in this case can be seen with certainty in the Mauser 98 system, this system being a further development of previous Mauser systems.

With automatic and semi-automatic weapons there are also cylinder lock systems, in which the lock cylinder in the case can be withdrawn manually to cock the weapon, but also through the recoil alone (recoil loader) or a combination of recoil and unlocking via a gas supply ( Gas pressure loader) can be unlocked in order to then feed a new cartridge by means of appropriate spring elements and lock it again. An example here is the Browning BAR system, in which the lock is unlocked via gas supply and the lock is returned by the gas pressure acting on the cartridge, combined with the recoil. The cylinder locks of such automatic or semi-automatic systems but also of so-called straight pull repeaters are usually built in two parts, with one part performing the linear movement in the sleeve, while a front part, the so-called lock head, locks in the barrel or in the front area of the lock sleeve performs. The locking head and the rear part of the cylinder lock are designed to be rotatable with respect to one another, with a control cam being provided for the defined rotation of the locking head, which converts the linear movement of the locking rear part into a rotational movement of the locking head during the forward or reverse movement, which leads to locking or unlocking, converts.

As already stated, the locking or unlocking can be carried out gas pressure or recoil-controlled, but it can also be carried out purely manually, as in the case of straight pull repeaters, so that it is in particular also possible to use a locking system intended for semi-automatic weapons in a purely manual manner to operate, as shown by the converted Browning BAR system for the Browning straight pull repeater "Maral". Self-loading systems that are converted to manual operation basically have the disadvantage that the feed spring, which closes the breech and feeds the cartridge, with a manual backward movement of the breech, causes the retraction movement in the same way as the movement for the first loading Recoil loader becomes heavier with increasing retraction.

For heavy firearm systems, the so-called screw lock is used, among other things. The screw lock is in particular a lock construction for guns. It is mainly used with large-caliber guns, such as the M109 self-propelled howitzer. What screw locks have in common is that the gun barrel and a movable locking part (the locking cylinder) have corresponding external and internal threads. The barrel is closed at the rear by screwing it shut before the shot is fired, so that the locking cylinder fixes the cartridge in the barrel's chamber. So-called systems with interrupted threads are widespread here, whereby interrupted here means that at least two segments with a screw thread are provided radially on the closure and in the pipe, while the others are smooth and have a diameter at this point that is designed so that the screw threads protrude therefrom. The locking screw is mounted in a swivel arm so that it can be moved axially, whereby the screw is rotated by 90 ° to open or close. About 50% of the thread circumference is used for locking (namely the two thread segments), so that high gas pressures can be managed if the closure is adequately dimensioned.

The first locking constructions locked by turning the screw by 90 ° ("Reffye" system, "De Lahitolle" system, "Baranowski" system), while there were also systems in which three screw segments are present and thus also three smooth elements called "De Bange" system. Such closures have also been designed, for example, as conical or oval closures. At the beginning of the 20th century, attempts were made from screw closures to form what is known as a comb closure, in which the screw thread is replaced by combs running in parallel without a pitch, which, however, have not proven successful. The Armstrong Whitworth thread lock system differs from the other screw locks in that a trapezoidal thread is used, which is not, however, a thread lock in the narrower sense, because a metallic block is inserted into the pipe from above, with only the lock being force-locked by a screw is made, which is screwed into the pipe from behind or on the pipe is rotated and presses the metal block against the rear edge of the powder chamber. This construction connects elements of the wedge lock and the screw lock.

The object of the invention is to create a locking system for firearms which, while being simple and reliable to use, ensures maximum locking security for both rotating chamber and rotating head locks and thus for manual repeating or straight-pull weapons as well as for fully and semi-automatic weapons.

The object is achieved with a locking system with the features of claim 1.

Advantageous further developments are characterized in the subclaims.

According to the invention, the locking system has a locking head and a locking receptacle, both of which have mutually corresponding engagement means which are brought into engagement by rotation.

As a corresponding engagement means, threaded sections are provided that have a slope or no slope and have thread crests that are axially arranged in a comb-like manner one behind the other.

According to the invention, the closure thread is designed as a so-called buttress thread. Conventional buttress threads provide that one flank of the thread is inclined in cross section, while the second flank of the same thread in cross section is radial, i.e. perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

In contrast to this conventional formation of a buttress thread, the closure thread according to the Invention is designed as a buttress thread, in which both flanks of the thread deganges are inclined in cross-section in the same direction, but one of the Ge threads in a pointed thread is more inclined than the other.

In particular, in the case of a pointed thread, the front flank in the weft direction is more inclined than the rear flank in the weft direction.

Due to the inclination of the rear flank, with a corresponding design of the corresponding internal thread of the barrel or the barrel extension in a locked position stood, in the event of a force acting axially against the direction of fire on the breech, the thread or both thread segments are drawn into one another through the interaction and thus the closing effect is strengthened.

According to the invention, the buttress thread or the buttress thread segments of the closure can be designed as a pointed thread or trapezoidal thread.

The locking head on the one hand and the barrel or barrel extension as a locking receptacle on the other hand can be designed with two, three or more thread segments and a corresponding number of smooth areas or free areas.

According to the invention, a spring force can also act within the lock between the first part, which causes the lock head to rotate through an axial movement, and a second part, which does not move axially with respect to the lock head, so that the lock head in the locked state by the Spring force is held or the bolt head rotation is carried out with spring support in a bolt head receptacle.

The advantage here is that a particularly easy, gentle repeating process can be carried out.

The invention provides e.g. B. propose to further develop a breech for a firearm and in particular a handgun and, among other things, to combine a screw lock with the features of a conventional rotary chamber or rotary head lock in such a way that, with maximized security, this lock system allows easy loading, firing and unloading of the rifle or the firearm is possible. Basically, in the invention, an operative connection between the breech and the barrel is possible, please include in a direct manner or between the breech and a barrel extension receiving the barrel and thus indirectly the barrel.

By providing a lock carrier and a lock body displaceable on it and under axial spring pressure, as well as locking mechanisms between the lock body and lock head and lock head shaft, it is possible to ensure a particularly reliable function. According to the invention, in order to vary the variability of a firearm with regard to the choice of caliber, both for the purchaser and in manufacture, a barrel extension is used in which the barrel is screwed into the essentially cylindrical barrel extension against the firing direction, with an axial fixation by a There is an axial end of the receiving thread from which the inner diameter of the barrel extension is preferably smaller, so that the screw-in end clearly defines the position of the barrel in the barrel extension.

In addition, the barrel extension has as a locking receptacle in a cylindrical area between the inner barrel receptacle and the receiving axially removed therefrom in the firing direction on acquisition for the cylinder lock, preferably at least one outer radial protrusion as a radial locking spring, more preferably two or more axially successive locking springs with an arc length of For example, 180 ° based on the circumference of the barrel extension, with which the barrel and barrel extension in the firing direction can be inserted into a receptacle or corresponding groove or grooves of a base body (chassis) of a firearm and can be fixed there by turning. For this purpose, the Laufver extension when inserting the barrel and the barrel extension is rotated from the rear into the Aufnah me after the stop by 180 ° into the corresponding locking grooves in the Aufnah me.

As is common with twist locks, the lock according to the invention also requires that engagement elements and areas in which no handle elements are present alternate to insert the lock up to a position in which it can be rotated and thus locked .

Since it is a screw cap according to the invention, thread areas must alternate with non-thread areas. For example, there can be two diametrically opposed thread areas and two smooth areas correspondingly offset by 90 °. This means that in the areas in which there is no thread, i.e. the smooth areas, the locking head does not protrude beyond the smallest diameter of the thread at the tooth base.

With three or more locking areas, i.e. threaded areas, the angular offset between the threaded areas and the smooth areas is a symmetrical arrangement. surfaces are also always the same, whereby an angle of 60 ° or correspondingly smaller is always maintained between the thread areas and the smooth areas.

This then also represents the so-called opening angle of the lock, since a rotation of the lock by 60 ° in the thread screwing direction up to the stop leads to a locking and accordingly leads to an unlocking against the screwing direction.

In the unlocked area, the smooth areas of the locking head are arranged between two adjacent threaded areas in the area of the corresponding thread of the locking receptacle and can be moved axially back and forth in this area without coming into engagement. The threaded areas of the locking head are located in the smooth areas of the locking receptacle, so that an axial movement is also allowed here.

If the bolt head is in the forwardmost possible forward position, the threads of both the bolt head and the bolt receptacle, which correspond to one another, can be brought into engagement by turning the bolt head clockwise until the threads of the bolt head and the bolt receptacle are engaged and so that the teeth of the threads are completely turned into one another.

Preferably, at least one stop surface each is formed on the lock receptacle on the one hand and the rotating lock head on the other, which form a stop when the threads are completely screwed into one another, so that over-turning and thus unscrewing the thread in a clockwise direction is blocked.

The above statements apply, of course, to other possible means of engagement in the same way.

Accordingly, the invention relates to a locking system for a firearm, comprising a locking receptacle and a locking device, the locking receptacle being formed in a hollow cylinder with at least one first radially inwardly protruding engagement means and at least one groove, the groove being arranged axially adjacent to the first engagement means and a locking head formed with at least one second protruding engagement means and an adjacent axial groove, the The first engagement means of the closure receptacle and the second engagement means of the closure head are designed to be correspondingly interlocking, the corresponding engagement means being designed as threads with or without a pitch, the respective threads each having at least one thread crest, at least the rear flank of the at least one thread crest of the The bolt head is inclined against the firing direction and the corresponding rear flank of the at least one thread comb of the breechblock receptacle is inclined in the firing direction.

The thread combs can advantageously be designed as pointed or trapezoidal thread combs with inclined front flanks and inclined rear flanks.

In one embodiment, the front flanks and the rear flanks can have the same or different inclination.

Furthermore, the thread can have a pitch, the pitch of the thread comb being the same.

It is also advantageous if the lock head is rotatably supported on a lock carrier and there is also a lock body that is displaceable on a lock head shaft of the lock head and at least one compression spring is present between the lock body and the lock carrier, which strives to release the lock body to move in the direction of the locking head, means being present on the locking head shaft and on the locking body which cause a rotation of the locking head when the locking body is displaced on the locking head shaft.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the closure receptacle has one, two, three or more cylinder segments each with a thread with thread crests, with grooves being arranged between the cylinder segments, the grooves being arranged in the casing wall of the closure receptacle from radially inside to radially outward extend into the jacket wall at least up to the bottoms of the thread crests or reach through the cylinder jacket wall completely.

In addition, it can be advantageous if one, two, three or more thread segments are formed with thread crests on the closure head, whereby adjacent to the thread There are segmented grooves which reach at least the depth of the bottoms of the thread crests, so that the grooves interrupt the thread helix of the thread crests.

It can also be advantageous if the radial width of the grooves corresponds to the radial width of the thread segments and the radial width of the grooves of the locking head corresponds to the radial width of the cylinder segments.

In the case of the bolt according to the invention, the bolt can also have the bolt head, an adjoining bolt head shaft that extends axially against the firing direction, and a bolt body arranged around the bolt head shaft, the bolt body having means that support it in an axially sliding manner in a firearm so that it cannot rotate, and also between Closure body and closure head shaft, a control link is formed from a control recess and a control pin, which supports the closure head shaft in the closure body so as to be rotatable to a limited extent.

It is also advantageous if the locking head has at least one thread comb which is formed from a thread segment running into one of the grooves and spans the groove and at its free axial end forms a stop surface for a corresponding stop surface of a cylinder segment, so that when complete Interlocking of the thread combs in the thread combs a further screwing in of the Ge thread combs in the thread combs and thus the thread segments is blocked in the thread or the cylinder segments.

In the invention, the breech block receptacle is advantageously formed in a barrel extension, the barrel extension being designed to accommodate the barrel of a firearm, the barrel extension having a locking area in addition to the breech lock area for receiving the breech block or the breech block head of the breech block, wherein in the locking area is formed at least one ring segment-like jump, which is designed to interact with a corresponding groove in a sleeve or the chassis of a firearm and the cylinder jacket wall of the breechblock receptacle or the barrel extension of the sleeve of a firearm is designed.

According to the invention it is provided that the lock head shaft on the one hand and the lock body on the other hand are advantageously mounted on the lock carrier, wherein the lock head shaft (rotatably, but axially fixed, is mounted on the bolt carrier, while the locking body is axially displaceable but non-rotatably fixed on the bolt body (60).

In one embodiment, the bolt carrier is a bolt carrier plate and has two bolt carrier longitudinal carrier arms going out in the same direction as well as extractor arms extending therefrom Has a substantially rectangular cross-section, with the bolt carrier between the narrow side edges of a lower edge of the bolt carrier plate having a bearing opening for a bolt head shaft, so that the bolt head shaft is rotatably but axially fixed via a tongue and groove engagement on the bolt carrier plate.

In one embodiment, the closure body is a component that is essentially T-shaped in cross-section with a transverse component area and a component area that runs essentially on edge, the transverse component area being plate-like with a rear end wall, two longitudinal side walls and a front end wall , whereby a lower wall is formed between the front and rear end walls and the longitudinal side walls, with the edgewise component area with side walls extending from an under wall centrally downward, with side walls which run parallel to the side walls, the side walls in the Are spaced apart substantially symmetrically from the side walls, a bottom wall of the edgewise component region being formed between the end walls, the bottom wall having an opening in the middle, which in the cylindrical bore, which e is formed coaxially around the longitudinal axis of the lock body and a lock head shaft.

In an advantageous development, a gap remains in the inserted state of the lock body between the walls of the lock carrier longitudinal arms on the one hand and the lower wall of the transverse component area of the lock body, the bottom wall widening outward beyond the side wall with a spring section and in the lock carrier plate Lock carrier longitudinal grooves are present, the board of the spring elements on the side walls corresponding to the depth of the grooves, so that the elements for receiving in the groove are formed correspondingly and the spring projections on the one hand and the grooves on the other hand a tongue and groove Form system with which the lock body is arranged in the lock carrier so that it can slide longitudinally.

In addition, it is advantageous if a locking lever is mounted in an upper ceiling surface of the lock carrier, the locking lever tilted about an axis of rotation in a slot, is arranged such that a pawl extension, which is formed at one end of the locking lever, is in the area of a Bore for mounting the bolt head shaft is sufficient or can be swiveled in and out of this area of the hole, the locking lever having an actuating lever which is loaded with a spring under spring pressure in such a way that the pawl extension passes through the opening into the hole under Fe the pressure is swiveled in.

It is also advantageous if a first and a second locking groove are arranged in the lock head shaft, the first and second locking grooves being axial slots which are arranged in the surface of the lock head shaft, the first and second locking grooves being designed so that they can correspond to the pawl of the pawl of the locking lever, the first and second locking grooves being axially offset from one another and being radially offset from one another, the second groove being further away from the locking head than the first groove, but in the locking direction of rotation before the first groove is arranged, wherein the axial distance between the grooves corresponds to the screw-in depth of the locking thread into one another, while the radial distance corresponds to the arc length that the lock covers in the screwing-in movement until the end of the screwing-in movement.

In an advantageous development, the rotation of the locking head is caused by a forward thrust movement of the locking body, the locking body sliding on the locking head shaft and the control pin, which rests in a control pin bore, slides along the control surface and forces the locking head to rotate to the right, whereby the In an initial position, the control pin rests in an axial formation of the control surface and, in the case of a forward movement, the rotation of the lock head, the inclined surface of the control surface being shaped so that the angular offset between the axial end regions of the control surface corresponds to the angular offset that occurs when the locking head is completely screwed in is covered.

The invention is explained by way of example with reference to a drawing. It shows:

FIG. 1: the locking system according to the invention in a perspective view, showing the locking head and the locking receptacle;

FIG. 2: the locking system according to FIG. 1 from a different perspective view;

FIG. 3: the locking system in a view from behind;

FIG. 4: the locking system in a side view;

FIG. 5: the locking head and shaft in a perspective view;

FIG. 6: a further embodiment of a closure according to the invention;

FIG. 7: the closure according to FIG. 6 in cooperation with the closure receptacle; FIG. 8: the closure according to the invention and the closure receptacle in a perspective view from below;

FIG. 9: a partially cut and cut-free view of the lock head and the lock head shaft in the lock receptacle;

FIG. 10: the arrangement according to FIG. 9 in a perspective view from the opposite side;

FIG. 11: the arrangement according to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 in a different perspective

View;

FIG. 12: the arrangement according to FIG. 7 in the locked state in a partially sectioned view

View; FIG. 13: a perspective view of a partially cut-away according to the invention

Breech with the lock of a weapon;

FIG. 14: the arrangement according to FIG. 13 in a perspective view of the lock carrier;

FIG. 15: the lock carrier according to the invention of the second embodiment;

FIG. 16: the lock carrier according to the invention and lock body according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 17: the arrangement according to FIG. 16 in a view from the front;

FIG. 18: the arrangement according to FIG. 17 in a perspective side view; FIG. 19: the arrangement according to FIG. 18 in a perspective view obliquely from the rear;

FIG. 20: the closure body according to the invention of the second embodiment; FIG. 21: the closure body in a perspective view from below with a guide strip arranged thereon;

FIG. 22: the closure body with a guide strip arranged thereon and a guide rail arranged thereon;

FIG. 23: the arrangement according to FIG. 21 in a perspective side view with the lock carrier;

FIG. 24: the complete closure in a perspective view from the rear above;

FIG. 25: the locking head, locking head shaft and locking body according to the invention in a perspective view from the front; FIG. 26: the lock body and the lock head shaft and the lock carrier arranged thereon;

FIG. 27: the arrangement according to FIG. 26 in a perspective view from below;

FIG. 28: the closure body according to the invention in a perspective view from below with the control pin and the pawl;

FIG. 29: the locking head according to the invention and the locking head shaft with the control recess and the control pin located therein in the closed position;

FIG. 30: the locking head according to the invention and the locking head shaft with the locking pawl according to the invention and the control pin in a perspective view from the side in an open position;

FIG. 31: the locking head according to the invention and the locking head shaft with the locking pawl according to the invention and the control pin in a perspective view from the side in the closed and locked position; and

FIG. 32: the arrangement according to FIG. 31 in a perspective view from behind in an open, locked position.

If in the following we speak of the front in relation to a firearm, this means closer in the direction of fire or closer as seen from the muzzle.

If in the following we speak from behind or behind, this means against the direction of the shot or further away from the muzzle. If in the following we speak of above or the top side, this means the side of the weapon that points upwards in the conventional shooting position. This is usually the side of a weapon which, in a conventional shooting position, has aiming aids, such as a telescopic sight tube or a reflex sight or also a rear sight and front sight, or has the line of sight. If the term below or underside is used in the following, this describes the side in relation to the weapon which points downwards in a conventional shooting position and usually has the pistol grip, the trigger and the magazine slot.

The locking system 1 according to the invention has at least one locking receptacle 2 and one locking head 3.

The locking receptacle 2 can be formed on a barrel for a firearm or in a barrel extension 4 in front of the cartridge bearing in the direction of insertion of a cartridge.

The barrel extension 4 according to the invention is a cylindrical sleeve-shaped component which has a front opening 5 in the weft direction and a rear opening 6 in the weft direction. Seen from the front opening 5, the barrel extension 4 has a thread 7 for screwing in a barrel which corresponds to a conventional barrel external thread and corresponds to it. A smooth loading area 8 can adjoin the thread area 7 against the firing direction, the smooth area 8 having a diameter which corresponds to the inner diameter of the thread 7 and thus reduces the inner diameter of the barrel extension 4. This area is usually used to record the smooth end of a barrel when viewed against the direction of fire. The smooth loading rich 8 ends against the direction of fire with a stop 9 on which a barrel patronenla gerseite then rests.

The breech lock area 10 then follows against the firing direction. The locking locking area 10 has three cylinder segments 11 extending to the rear, that is to say against the direction of the weft, which continue on the outside of the jacket wall 12 of the Laufver extension 4 or of a barrel.

The cylinder segments 11 are arranged symmetrically to one another, for example, and the corresponding z. B. arranged at 60 ° to each other. Accordingly, the cylinder segments 11 radially delimit grooves 14 between them, the grooves also being accordingly arranged offset from one another by 60 °. The cylinder segments end axially with end walls 15, the end walls 15 preferably lying axially at the same height. A thread 16 is formed on the inside of the cylinder segments 11. The thread 16 is consequently designed as an internal thread and in particular designed according to the invention as a buttress thread in which both flanks 18, 19 of a thread comb 17 are designed with an essentially identical inclination in such a way that the respective thread combs 17 are formed by an inclined front flank 18 and a inclined rear flank 19 appear inclined in the firing direction. The respective cylinder segments 11 continue the thread so that the thread or the thread helix would be continuous without the grooves 14. According to FIG. 4, the thread combs 17 are designed as a mixture between a trapezoid and a pointed thread as a pointed thread with flattened tooth tips or thread decongestant edges.

In the weft direction in front of the thread 16, the cylinder segments 11 have axially different lengths of smooth areas 20. The smooth areas 20 are designed as inner walls of the cylinder segment and are located axially at the bottom of the thread, so that the threads protrude inward therefrom. Since the thread 16 on the cylinder segments 11 is designed as only interrupted by the grooves 14, but otherwise as a continuous thread, the areas 20 have an axially different length.

Accordingly, the thread combs 17 are also axially different on the individual cylinder segments 11, so that, for example, on a cylinder segment 11, the thread combs begin directly in the vicinity of the end wall 15, while on their cylinder segments 11, in particular a cylinder segment 11a, adjacent to the end wall 15 a smooth region 21 is formed which protrudes radially inward by the same amount as the thread crests 17. This smooth area 21, which protrudes radially inward, forms an axial stop surface 22 in its insertion direction of the thread.

The cylinder segments 11 can be made the same in terms of their radial width or arc length, but the cylinder segments 11 can also be of different widths, so that the grooves 14 are not evenly offset by 60 ° from one another in this case, but rather two grooves 14 from one another, for example are set at a smaller angle to each other. Accordingly, the thread combs 17 can then also have different lengths depending on the cylinder segment 11 Zy. In addition, the cylinder segments 11 can be designed without intermediate separating grooves, so that the casing wall 12 of the barrel extension 4 is formed continuously, but then axial grooves 14 are introduced in the casing wall 12 of the barrel extension 4 in such a way that the can slide along the threads of the lock that have yet to be described,

The closure 3 has a closure head 25 and a closure head shaft 26 which, for. B. can be formed integrally with each other. The bolt head 25 and the bolt head shaft 26 have an axial through bore for receiving a firing pin and a firing pin spring, the front of the bolt head forming an impact base 27 which has a central through-hole 29 for a striking pin 30.

In addition, the closure 3 has a closure body 33 which surrounds the closure head shaft 26 and thus has a central bore 34 in which the closure head shaft is rotatably mounted. The locking body 33 is rotatably mounted in a sleeve or a chassis of the wafer, so that a rotation between the locking head shaft 26 and the locking body 33 is only possible through the locking head shaft 26 in the locking body 33.

In order to ensure a defined rotation, a control cam as a control surface of a lateral control recess 35 (FIGS. 5, 29-32) is present in the locking head shaft 26 in a manner known per se. The control recess 35 is penetrated by a control pin 36, which is arranged axially on the lock head shaft 26, resting against the control surface 35 in the lock body 33, or interacts with it.

The control recess 35 has at its axially front end an initially axially verlau Fenden area 38 which has an axial length which corresponds to at least the diameter of the control pin 36 and then merges into an inclined area 39 which is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis up to an axial rear stop area 40.

The inclination of the control recess 35 in the inclined area 39 is designed so that a displacement of the closure body 33 axially forwards leads to the control pin 36 getting out of the axial area 38 of the control recess 35 and sliding along it through the inclined area is moved and this results in a rotation in the firing direction in the case shown to the right. The radial path length of the control pin 36 in the control recess 35, ie from an axia len area 38 to the rear axial stop area 40 is chosen so that this corresponds to the radial screw-in depth of the thread 16 of the cylinder segments 11 essentially ent.

This means that the radial length or displacement of the control pin 36 for three symmetrical cylinder segments 11 corresponds to 60 °, for two cylinder segments 11 it corresponds to 90 ° and for four cylinder segments 11 would correspond to 45 °. The axial length of the control recess 35 is chosen so that only a reasonable expenditure of force for the Dre hung is necessary on the one hand, on the other hand, the lock repetition travel is only minimally extended. A front edge 41 of the locking body 33 is in the open state of the locking system from a rear edge 42 of the locking head 25 approximately the axial length of the control recess 35 and after the control pin from the axial area 38 over the control recess 35 or its inclined area has reached the axially lower stop area, preferably at a small distance from the locking head 25.

The control recess 35 and control pin 36 can also be arranged in reverse on the components of the lock head shaft 26 and lock body 33, so that the control recess 35 is arranged in the lock head shaft 26 and the control pin 36 in the lock body 33 a Steueraus recess 35 a defined rotation of the locking head or the locking head shaft 26 in the locking body 33 is guaranteed.

In order to produce a twist lock between the locking head 25 and the locking receptacle 2, the locking head 25 has corresponding thread segments 44 with the threads 16 or thread combs 17 of the cylinder segments 11. The thread segments 44 are thus designed as external threads, with between the thread segments 44 in a corresponding manner to the threads 16 grooves 45 are formed, the groove bottoms of which extend to the threaded bottoms between the thread combs 46 or are introduced deeper. The individual thread combs 46 each have a front flank 47 and a rear flank 48. The front flank and the rear flank can be inclined according to the invention and correspond in their inclination to the inclination of the front flank 19 and the rear flank 18 of the threads 17 of the cylinder segments 11. This means that when the locking head 25 is pulled out of the barrel holder 2, the individual thread combs 17, 46 are drawn into one another due to the inclined planes.

The bolt head 25 and the bolt head shaft 26 have in the area of a groove 45 a continuous axial groove 49 for a cartridge ejector (not shown), which when a cartridge is pulled out of the chamber with the aid of the bolt head 25 when the bolt 3 is retracted into the groove 49 immersed and reaches the shock base and there presses on the cartridge base in a manner known per se, thus conveying the cartridge out of an ejection window of a weapon.

Alternatively, a resilient ejector installed directly in the impact base 51 of the locking head 25 can be installed for ejecting the cartridge case.

The thread combs 46 of the thread segments 44 of the locking head 25 correspond to a continuous thread helix, however, pierced by the grooves 45, with one or two threads protruding into a thread segment 44 of the locking head 25 adjacent to a rear edge 42 of the locking head 25 in a leading groove 45 in the direction of rotation and form a stop surface 52 in order to cooperate with a stop surface 22 of the closure receptacle 2 to form a radial screw-in stop.

In particular, several threads are superimposed on both the locking head 25 and the locking receptacle 2 so that a multi-row thread helix is formed. For example, three threads are superimposed so that a three-row thread helix is formed.

Since the thread segments 44 as well as the threads 16 of the closure receptacle 2 are part of a single or multi-row thread helix, they are designed differently on the individual thread segments so that smooth areas 50 are formed adjacent to a joint base 51, which on the one hand extend over the joint base 51 stand out and thus the Pat rone lead radially and on the other hand correspond in their respective axial and radial extent to the smooth areas 21 and rest against the sem in the closed state of the closure. The groove bottoms of the grooves 45 can be flat or curved according to the cylindri's curvature of the locking head.

In the following, the general interaction of the locking head 25 and the locking locking area 10 according to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 will first be explained. The closure 3 is pushed with the closure body 33, the closure head shaft 26 therein and the closure head 25 in the direction of the locking area 10. Here, the grooves 45 of the locking head 25 come into the area of the cylinder segments 11 and the thread segments 44 of the locking head 25 into the area of the grooves 14 between the cylinder segments 11.

The grooves 14 on the one hand and the grooves 45 on the other hand are dimensioned in such a way that from this point in time the locking head 25 is guided axially and an axial pushing movement between the locking locking area 10 and the locking head 25 is made possible. The axial insertion is possible until the front flank 47 of the thread comb mes or the front thread comb, which protrudes into a groove 45 with, wall 15 rests on an end. As a result, a purely axial movement of the locking head 25 in the locking locking area 10 is blocked. As a result of this blockage, the control pin 36 is now displaced axially forward in or on the control recess 35, whereby the control pin 36 rotates the lock head shaft 26 according to its sliding along the control recess 35. As a result of this rotation, the thread combs 46 of the thread segments 25 now pass between the thread combs 17 of the threads 16, so that a screwing thread engagement of all the thread combs 16, 17 takes place at the same time.

After a corresponding rotation of 60 ° (with three cylinder segments 11 and three thread segments 44), the thread comb 51 or more of them protruding into the groove 45 strikes with a radially front edge 52 on the stop surface 22, so that the radial movement is stopped. In this state, the locking head 25 is screwed lockingly in the locking locking area 10 and preferably only a slight axial movement of the control pin 35 in the axial area 38 of the control recess 35 is possible. This axial further movement of the control pin 36 in the axial area 38 of the control recess 35 causes a form of radial fixing of the bolt head, because since the bolt body 33 is rotatably mounted in a sleeve or on a chassis of the firearm, the engagement of the control pin 36 in the axial loading area 38 now also the locking head is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner in a first manner, so that Without an active retraction of the closure body 33, it is not possible to unscrew the closure head 25 from the closure locking area 10.

In addition, at least one compression spring usually acts on the closure body 33, which is mounted between the closure body 33 and a closure carrier 60, so that the control pin is pressed into the axial area 38 under spring force. This will be described in detail later.

This spring force acts preferably only in the area of the axial movement of the locking head 25, within the locking receptacle 2, i.e. as long as the threads 16, 44 are located in the grooves 14, 45. In this way, the spring supports the "finding" and turning of the threads 16, 44 into one another. In the axial range of motion of the lock head, in which it is completely rotated into its unlocked rotational position outside the lock receptacle, the rotational movement of the lock head shaft 26 is controlled by an acting Locking pawl 141 blocked, which can engage in locking grooves 53, 54 in the lock head shaft 26 and thereby neutralize the spring force.

This arrangement ensures that the bolt head, as soon as it can screw into the barrel extension, automatically rotates in the direction of complete locking. On the other hand, as soon as the bolt head has been fully brought into the unlocked rotational position by the repeating process, this spring force no longer acts on the rotational movement of the bolt head and the further repetition path. Even with a recoil triggered by firing a shot, this counteracts the pulling direction of the control pin from the axial area 38, so that an unintentional, partial unscrewing of the bolt head 25 from the bolt locking area 10 is counteracted and the bolt is automatically fully locked.

The pawl 141, which neutralizes the spring force acting on the rotary movement, can also preferably block in the fully locked rotary position of the bolt head controlled from the outside against unintentional opening of the bolt by engaging in the locking groove 53, for example when transporting the weapon .

For this purpose, the pawl 141 is preferably controllable via the mechanical safety device of the weapon that can be operated by the shooter, or is designed separately. Since this locking mechanism acts directly on the locking head, prevent the locked engagement means such. B. a Closure thread direct any axial movement of the breech against the weft direction.

For surface contact and axial guidance, even if it is possible according to the invention to enable direct locking of the bolt head in a correspondingly shaped bolt locking area 10 of a barrel in front of the cartridge chamber, it is preferred that the bolt system have a lock between a bolt head 25 of a bolt 3 and a breech block holder 2, the breech block holder 2 being designed as a barrel extension or barrel holder for the barrel of a firearm.

For this purpose, the closure receptacle 2, as already stated, is formed on the inside with a Laufge thread. The barrel holder 2 according to the invention additionally has on an äuße Ren lateral surface 12 at least one or more ring segment-like projections 55, in particular three ring segment-like projections 55, which are arranged axially one after the other.

These projections 55 are used to engage in correspondingly formed grooves (not shown) of a corresponding receiving sleeve of a firearm. Through the jacket wall 12 of the barrel extension 4 or lock receptacle 4 on the one hand and the projections 55 on the other hand, a long cylindrical guide in a corresponding hollow cylindrical recording (not shown) is guaranteed and the projections 55 ensure a correspondingly precise and durable axial fixing. The receptacle for the barrel extension 4 is preferably a clamping sleeve. The ring segments 55 serve as a type of locking lugs, these having an arc length of preferably slightly less than 180 °. Here it is provided that both the breech block holder 2 and the barrel extension 4 with a barrel screwed into it in the firing direction into a corresponding receiving sleeve, which is in particular designed as a clamping sleeve, a firearm is inserted in the firing direction and then rotated by 180 ° until the ring segments are completely in corresponding grooves. A corresponding clamping can then be brought about so that a fixation is achieved in every spatial direction.

Due to the installation direction of the barrel / barrel extension from the rear in the firing direction, it is possible to design any add-on parts of the weapon such as the handguard or fore-end of the barrel contour, in contrast to the prior art of systems with built-in Direction from the front into the weapon against the direction of fire, which needs the largest cross-sectional area as a minimum free space around the barrel.

This leads in particular with the current state of the art of accessory assemblies in which assembly parts, such as screws, protrude radially inward towards the barrel and must either be removed from the system before the barrel is removed or their attachment points [hand protection tube] are accompanied by a corresponding additional cross-sectional enlargement Need to enlarge the weapon.

According to the invention, it has been found that in systems with axially tensioned barrels / barrel extensions, the axial clamping force is not sufficient to prevent an unwanted axial movement against the direction of the shot due to the recoil force, on the other hand, the predominant frictional force of the projectile towards the end of the projectile passage through the barrel the barrel in the firing direction cause a movement of the barrel / barrel extension in the firing direction, which leads to unwanted position changes and has an impact on the function and precision.

The advantage of the invention is that a high-strength lock for a firearm is created, since the inventive locking between the threads 16 and threaded segments 44 leads to a very large locking surface which, due to the inclination of the thread, dekämme 17 and 46 in the event of a load a reinforced toothing leads. In addition, it is advantageous that the arrangement of the thread combs 17, 46 together with the defined rotation of the locking head leads to a highly precise and precise, suction interlocking locking. In order to improve this, the Ge thread combs 46 can have frontal slight bevels in the areas in which they are facing the corresponding thread combs, so that the Ge thread combs 44, 17 can slide into one another even more easily.

The arrangement of a rotary head lock with a lock head 25, a lock head shaft 26 and a lock body 33 also allows great variability in the firearm, because the actuation of this lock 3 can be done both via a cam stem in the manner of a straight pull repeating rifle but also with a gas release and a Bolt repetitive movement is carried out by recoil and / or gas pressure on the one hand and forward movement by means of a bolt closing spring, so that manual, semi-automatic and automatic weapons can be implemented with one concept. The entire closure structure is described in more detail below.

As already stated, the assembly consisting of the locking head 25 and the locking head shaft 26 is held in an axial bore of a locking body 33, the locking body 33 being able to slide axially on the locking head shaft 26 (or vice versa). In addition, the locking body 33 carries the control pin 36, which, when sliding along the control surface 35 or a correspondingly shaped control groove 35, causes the locking head shaft and thus the locking head to rotate.

In an advantageous embodiment, the lock head shaft 26, on the one hand, and the lock body 33, on the other hand, are mounted on a lock carrier 60. In this embodiment, the bolt head shaft 26 is rotatably but axially mounted on the bolt carrier 60, while the bolt body 33 is axially displaceable but fixed on the bolt carrier 60 in a rotationally fixed manner.

The bolt carrier 60 has a bolt carrier plate 61 and two bolt carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62, 63 extending therefrom in the same direction, as well as extractor arms 64, 65 extending therefrom.

The bolt carrier plate 61 is a flat-plate-like component which is designed to be upright in relation to the longitudinal extent of the bolt head shaft 26 or in the firing direction and has an essentially rectangular cross section.

The lock carrier plate 61 thus has a front wall 66, a rear wall 67 and two narrow side edges 68, a lower edge 69 and an upper edge 70.

Approximately in the middle between the narrow side edges 68 from the lower edge 69 is a bearing opening 71 for a lock head shaft. Here, the bearing opening 71 has an area 73 in the shape of a segment of a circle, which extends from the rear wall 67 to approximately half the transverse center of the thickness of the fastener carrier plate 61. From the front wall 66, the opening 71 is formed on both sides with straight engaging wall sections 73, wel surface open on the top in an approximate circular arc 74 or unite there. The opening and in particular the round opening area 72 and the straight Wandungsab sections 73 or the distance between them is dimensioned such that an end area 74 of the locking head shaft 26 is supported in the round opening area 72, while the straight wall sections 73 act as springs 73 for a circumferential groove 75, which is arranged adjacent to the area 74 in the closure head shaft 26, can engage.

It is thus possible to arrange the locking head shaft 26 axially fixed but rotatable between the wall sections 73 in the bearing opening 71.

The upper edge 70 of the fastener carrier plate 61 has two steps 76, which extend obliquely upwards and thus at a distance from the narrow side walls 68 increase the closure carrier plate 61 upwards and lead there in a roof surface 77 running parallel to the upper edge 70. A control surface 78 is formed centrally from the roof surface 77 sloping backwards towards the rear wall 67, the control surface 78 extending from the rear wall 67 to approximately the longitudinal center of the roof surface 77 and from there being continued with a control projection 79, which has an upper rounded end owns. The task of the control surface 78 and the control projection 79 is to tension the striker of a lock (not shown) when the lock runs back.

Adjacent to the bearing opening 71 on both sides of the bearing opening 71 elongated, cross-sectionally rectangular grooves 80 are made in the lock carrier plate 61, which extend parallel to the lower edge 69 and to the upper edge 70 each a small distance in the direction of the narrow side walls 68. Narrow, inclined wall sections 81 extend from the lower edge 69 to the bearing opening 71 or to a lower edge of the groove 80.

On the underside with the lower edge 69 of the lock carrier plate 61 extend on both sides of the bearing opening 71 and symmetrically with respect to the transverse center two lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62 perpendicular to the plane of the front wall 66 of the lock carrier plate 61 to the front. The lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62 are essentially square-shaped with a flat outer wall 84, an upper wall 86 running transversely to this, a lower wall 87 initially parallel to this and flat, and an inward-facing wall area 85. The outer walls 84 are at a distance from the narrow side walls 68, so that a step is formed between the narrow side walls 68 and the outer walls 84.

The upper wall 86 and the lower wall 87 are designed to run parallel to the upper edge 70 or roof surface 77, but at a distance from the upper edge 70.

The lower walls 87 are formed with an initially flat area in such a way that they terminate with a lower edge 69 of the fastener carrier plate 61 and lengthen it towards the front.

The inner walls 85 are designed in such a way that they continue the inclined surfaces 81 adjacent to the grooves 80, wherein the grooves 80 extend in the inner walls 85 with corresponding grooves 88. Upper wall sections of the inner walls 85 between the grooves 88 and the upper wall 86 are set back with respect to the straight wall sections 73.

In addition, the lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62 have flat front surfaces 89 which are arranged to run parallel to the plane of the front wall 66 or rear wall 67 of the lock carrier plate 61.

From the front or end faces 89 of the lock carrier longitudinal support arms 62 up to about a third of the longitudinal extension of the lock carrier longitudinal support arms 62 from the closure support plate 61 to the end faces 89, the lower wall 87 is rounded with a rounded area 90 which is rounded Extends in the shape of a circular arc from to the inclined surfaces 81.

The extractor arm 64, 65 is arranged in each case on the end faces 89 and likewise extending forward. The extractor arms 64, 65 are designed in the form of a ring segment in cross section with a flat upper wall 92, an outer wall 93 in the form of a ring segment and an inner wall 94 in the shape of a ring segment.

In addition, the extractor arms 64 each have a flat lower wall 96 and front end surfaces 95. The end walls 95 run parallel to the end walls 89, the The upper wall 92 and the lower wall 96 each run parallel to one another and parallel to the walls 86 or the flat areas of the walls 87.

The width of the extractor arms 64, 65 between the ring segment-like outer walls 93 and inner walls 94 is, for example, about half the width of the locking straps ger longitudinal support arms 62 in the area of their upper wall 86. The walls 93, 94 are thus set back from the walls 85, 84, the lower wall 96 terminating with a likewise inclined surface in the region of the inclined surfaces.

The shape of the extractor arms 64, 65 is adapted to the shape of the grooves 14 between the cylinder segments 11 of the locking locking area 10 of the barrel extension 4 or locking receptacle 2, so that the extractor arms 64, 65 engage in the grooves as positively as possible and thus also fit the cylinder segments 11 are shaped in such a way that the circular arc of the cylinder segments 10 closes when the closure of the barrel extension or closure receptacle is closed.

Adjacent to the end faces 95 is approximately equally spaced between the walls 92, 96 a T-groove 95 so introduced, whereby the end walls 95 form corresponding rear grips 98, behind which the groove according to T-crossbar-shaped ver broadens. An extractor claw is mounted in each of the grooves 97, which forms a flat rear wall 100 to rest against the flat end face 95 or flat end wall 95 of the extractor arms 64, 65 and is formed with a bulge 101 towards the front from an upper side to a lower side, the curvature 101 being rounded and possibly circularly shaped in such a way that it corresponds to a curvature at the end of the grooves 14. The extractor claws 99 are thus designed to be displaceable radially outward and inward in the T-grooves 97 with corresponding T-shaped formations 102 which extend away from the rear wall 100.

From the groove bottom 103 oval or flat-heart-shaped bores 104 extend longitudinally through the extractor arms 64, 65, which also reach through the lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62, 63 with an enlarged round cross section and also reach through the lock carrier plate 61 lengthways.

On the way of the bore 104 through the bolt carrier longitudinal carrier arms and the pull-out arms 64, 65 is, for example, a step (not shown) as a counter bearing for an adjusting screw (not shown) present. By turning the adjusting screw (not shown), which is screwed axially into the extractor claws 99 or acts on them via an eccentric, the extractor claws 99 can be moved outward or inward via the T-shaped formation 102 in the grooves 97, see above that either one extractor claw 99 or both extractor claws 99 can engage in the extraction groove of a cartridge in a manner known per se.

Preferably, only one extractor claw engages, which means that the ejection direction of the cartridge can be adjusted to one side or the other via a cartridge ejector (not shown) on the one hand and the extractor claw that is only present or engaging on one side.

The extractor claw 99 each has an outer wall 105, the outer wall 105 being shaped to correspond to the outer wall 93, so that the extractor claw ends flush with the wall 93 in an outer position in which it cannot engage in a cartridge extraction groove, or in the outer one Position in which it does not engage beyond the outer wall 93 protrudes.

If the extractor claw is activated, its outer surface 105 is set back with respect to the outer wall 93 of the extractor arm 64, 65 by the amount by which it protrudes inward, or closes with this according to the second alternative described above.

The extractor claws 99 are relative to the locking head 25 in that the locking head is fixed via the locking head shaft 26 and its end or groove on the locking carrier plate 61, also spatially with respect to the bottom of the locking head, that an inwardly protruding engagement edge at the corresponding height the cartridge is arranged nenauszieherrille a cartridge.

The closure body 33 is a component essentially T-shaped in cross section with a transverse component area 110 and an essentially edgewise component area 111. The size ratios are approximately such that the width of the transverse component area 110 is approximately three times the width of the upright component region and the thickness of the transverse component region from bottom to top is approximately the length of the longitudinal or upright component region 111. The transverse component region 110 is plate-like with a rear end wall 112, two longitudinal side walls 113 and a front end wall 114. A lower wall 115 is formed between the front and rear end walls 112, 114 and the longitudinal side walls 113.

A top wall 116 is formed between the upper edges of the longitudinal side walls 113.

From the lower wall 115 extends centrally downwards, i.e., away from the lower walls 115, the high can-running component area 111 with side walls 117 which are parallel to the side walls 113 of the transverse component area

110 run and orthogonally to the lower wall 115. The side walls 117 are here symmetrically spaced from the side walls 113. The component areas 110,

111 have common rear and front end walls 112, 114.

A bottom wall 118 of the component region 111 is formed between the end walls 117, the bottom wall 118 having an opening 119 in the center longitudinally, which is formed in the cylindrical bore 34, which is coaxially formed around the longitudinal axis of the closure body 33 and a closure head shaft 26.

The bottom wall 118 expands outward over the side wall 117 with a spring section 120, which is each elongated cuboid on the outer wall 117 and thus the outer wall 117 expands with a step 121. The distance between the step 121 and the bottom wall 118 running parallel to it corresponds to the height of the groove 80 in the lock carrier plate 61 and the lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62, the edge of the spring elements 120 over the side wall 117 also corresponding to the depth of the grooves 80. The elements 120 are thus designed to be received in the groove 80 in a corresponding manner.

The height of the side walls 117 between the elements 120 and the lower wall 115 of the component area 110 is greater than the distance between the grooves 80 and the upper side 86 of the lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62, 63 in the area of their inner walls 85, so that in the inserted state of the lock body 33 between a gap remains between the upper walls 86 of the lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62, 63 on the one hand and the lower wall 115 of the transverse component region 110 of the lock body 33. Thus, the spring projections 120 on the one hand and the grooves 80 on the other hand form a tongue and groove system with which the locking body 33 can be slidably arranged in the lock carrier 60 in a longitudinally displaceable manner.

The ceiling wall 116 of the component region 110 is reinforced with two steps 124 that run obliquely upward to form an upper ceiling surface 125.

The steps 124 are each spaced a bit from the side walls 113 and are designed accordingly in terms of their fleas and their course in steps 76, the surface 125 with regard to its transverse extent corresponds to the upper edge 77 of the fastener carrier plate 61, so that the correspondingly formed edges end with one another . From one side, a, for example, rectangular transverse groove 126 is milled into a step 124, which opens into a through-hole 127, which is inserted orthogonally to the upper ceiling surface 125 this penetrating into the closure body 33 and extends to the bottom wall 118 of the component area 111 and thus the closure body 33 vorzugswei se completely extends vertically.

The bore 127 has a diameter which is adapted to the outer diameter of a control pin 34, the bore being designed such that it only partially runs laterally in the wall 117 delimiting the bore 34 in the region of the longitudinal bore 34, so that the control pin 36 extends laterally into the bore 34.

Continuous Federaufnahmeboh ments 129 from the end face 114 to the end face 112 are arranged adjacent to the longitudinal walls 113. These bores 129 are further developed in the area of the end wall 114 and are narrower in the area of the end wall 112. Thus, the bores 129 narrow in the course of their course from the end wall 114 to the end wall 112 with a step 132. In the narrower area of the bore 129, a pressure pin 130 is preferably arranged, which is supported in the narrower area of the bore 129 with a shaft 133 and is located with a further area 134, in particular in the manner of a nail head, with a further area of the bore 129 in diameter. The pressure pin 130 is dimensioned so that on the one hand it has a narrower diameter area of the bore 129 and is longitudinally displaceable in this, but limited by the step 132. When the wider area rests on the step, the pin is preferably above a desired amount over the front wall 112 before. In order to apply spring pressure to the pressure pin 130, there is a compression spring (not shown) in the further area of the bore 129, in particular a spiral compression spring, which preferably has a diameter that corresponds to the inner diameter of the further area of the bore 129.

This compression spring is held under pressure in the bore 129 by corresponding screws (not shown) which are screwed into a corresponding internal thread of the bore 129 in the area of the mouth of the further area of the bore 129 in the area of the end face 114.

If necessary, the thread can extend so deep into the bore 129 and the screw can be designed as a grub screw in such a way that the spring pressure can be adjusted by screwing in the grub screws (not shown) at different depths.

In a basic position, the screws, in particular grub screws (not shown), preferably close with the end wall 114 and do not protrude beyond it.

In the front wall 66 of the bolt carrier plate 60, blind bores 131 are provided in alignment with the bore 129 for the purpose of mounting the pressure pins 129 (FIGS. 15, 16) which engage in the free ends of the pins 129.

Adjacent to the bore 127, there is a longitudinal slot 133 in the upper ceiling surface 125 which extends axially into the closure body 33 at a distance from the end walls 112, 114. Adjacent to the end wall 112, the slot 133 extends through the component area 110 into the bore 34, the length of the penetrating part of the slot being, for example, a quarter to a third or more of the total length of the slot 134. The mouth 135 of the slot 134 in the bore 34 is located, for example, in the longitudinal center of the bore 34. From an end 136 of the slot 134 closer to the end wall 114, a lateral groove 137 is arranged. In the groove bottom 138 of the groove 137 there is a vertical bore 139 for receiving a spring and / or a spring-loaded pin. In addition, parallel to the slot 134 there is a flat rectangular groove 140 extending from the end wall 112 of the end wall 114, the rectangular groove 140 not having the depth of the groove 137, facing a wall 113 away from the slot 134, but terminating with it and sweeping over it . A locking lever 141 is mounted in the slot 134 and the groove 137.

The locking lever 141 is a flat-elongated component which is received upright in the longitudinal slot 134 and is arranged tiltable about an axis of rotation (not shown) in the slot 134 such that a pawl extension 142, which is formed at one end of the locking lever, follows extends down through the mouth in the region of the bore 34 or in the sen area of the bore 34 can be pivoted and pivoted out of this.

For this purpose, the locking lever 141 has at its opposite end an actuating lever 143 which can be mounted in the groove 137 and in particular loaded by the spring mounted in the bore 139 or the spring pressure pin mounted in the bore 139 and about its axis of rotation is pivoted that, under the spring pressure, the pawl extension 142 is pivoted through the opening 134 into the bore 34 under spring pressure.

The groove 140 serves to receive and guide an actuating element or a control surface with which the actuating lever 143 can be pressed into the groove 137 against the pressure of the spring stored in the bore 139, so that the pawl 142 through when the actuating lever is pressed in the mouth 135 is pivoted out of the region of the bore 34, it being sufficient for the functionality of the closure if an actuating element 146 is present.

On the lower wall 115 of the component area 110, in particular symmetrically between the longitudinal course of the bores 129 and the walls 117 of the component area 111, longitudinal or axial receiving grooves 145 are provided which, however, are not continuous to the walls 112, 114, but are spaced apart with their groove ends are.

These grooves 145 serve to receive and fix one actuating element 146 each. The actuating element 146 has a connecting plate 147 which has a width that corresponds to the distance between the side wall 117 and the side wall 113. In addition, the connecting plate 147 has a length which corresponds to the length between the end walls 112, 114, so that the plate completely covers the respective underside sections of the undersides between the longitudinal walls 113 and the end walls 112, 114 on the one hand and the side wall 117 on the other. The connecting plates 147 each have a spring element at the top for engaging in the grooves 145, so that the connecting plate 147 is fixed to the closure body 33 in the longitudinal and transverse directions. An outer plate 148 extends transversely to the connecting plate 47 from an upper side 116 of the component region 110 or terminates with this, which has the same extent in the longitudinal direction as the connecting plate 147 and is formed in one piece with it.

With a short area 149, the plate 148 completely covers the outer wall 113 and extends over the connecting plate 147 and over the lower walls 118 down to a lower edge 150 which protrudes over an inner wall 151 of the plate 148, a connecting spring 142 or a connecting projection 152 is arranged, with which the actuating element 146 and thus the closure body 33 can be connected to an actuating rail 153. The actuating rail 153 has a corresponding recess 154 or a corresponding slot 154 in the region of the projection 152. The actuating rail 153 runs in the direction of the weapon towards the muzzle, ie forward and serves to attach a repeating lever (not shown) to its front end so that the slide can be started and moved with a repeating lever from an area arranged very far forward on the weapon.

As already stated, an actuating element 146 and an actuating rail 153 can be arranged on each side of the closure body, but it is sufficient if the corresponding element is present on the side on which the shooter would have to repeat.

Due to the symmetrical design of both the actuating element 146 and the actuating rail 153, a weapon can be adapted to the needs of the shooter by arranging these elements on the breech block on the respective side.

If, for reasons of symmetry, there are two actuating elements 146 and two actuating rails 146, 153, it is sufficient, for example, to move the repeating lever from one side to the other.

If only one actuating element 146 is arranged on the closure body, and thus only one actuating rail 153, there is only one connecting plate on the other side, around the slot between the underside 115 or lower wall 115 of the component area 110 on the one hand and the upper wall 86 of the To close the lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms 62, 63 and bring about a form fit. In the assembled state, the actuating element 146 with the actuating plate 148 rests against the respective outer wall 84 of the lock carrier longitudinal support arms 62, 63 and it extends beyond the wall 87 below.

The mode of operation of the lock will be explained again below.

The different embodiments according to Figures 1-4 and 5-32 have basically the same functionality even if in Figures 1-4 the closure body is a cylindri cal sleeve which has a passage opening for a control pin, while in the second embodiment it is not a slot in the bolt head shaft is a control surface in the bolt head shaft. The functionality is the same, since in both cases the lock head shaft 26 is fixedly mounted except for rotatability and longitudinal displacement and thus the lock head shaft 26 or the control groove 35 cannot evade the control pin 36 in the second embodiment either.

According to the second embodiment, first and second locking grooves 53, 54 are arranged in the locking head shaft 26 (FIG. 31).

The first and second locking grooves 53, 54 are axial slots in the surface of the locking head shaft 26, which are designed so that they can correspond to the pawl 142 of the locking lever 141. In FIGS. 29, 30, 31, 32 the control pin 36 and the pawl 141 are only shown in their function, but not in their complete spatial arrangement in the closure body 33 in order to better explain the function.

The first and second locking grooves 53, 54 are axially offset from one another and also radially offset from one another, the second groove 54 being further away from the locking head 25 than the first groove 53, but being arranged in front of the first groove 53 in the locking direction of rotation. The axial distance between the grooves 53, 54 corresponds to the screw-in depth of the locking threads into one another, while the radial distance corresponds to the arc length that the lock covers in the screwing-in movement to the end of the screwing-in movement. This means that with an opening or closing angle of 60 ° of the lock head in the lock receptacle, the arc distance between the two grooves 53 and 54 is also 60 °. As already stated, the rotation of the closure head 25 is brought about by an advance movement of the closure body 33 (not shown in FIGS. 29 to 32). The locking body slides on the locking head shaft 26, the control pin 36, which rests in its control pin bore 127 (FIG. 20) (FIG. 21), slides along the control surface 35 and the locking head 25 rotates (in FIGS. 29 to 32). forces to the right. The starting position can be seen in FIG.

Here, the control pin 36 rests on the axial formation 40 of the control surface 35. During the forward movement, the locking head 25 rotates according to FIGS. 29 and 30. The inclined surface 39 of the control surface 35 is precisely shaped so that the angular offset between the axial Areas of the control surface 35, namely the areas 40 and 38 corresponds to the angular offset (in this case 60 °) that is covered by the locking head 25 when it is completely screwed in.

Both the open position (FIGS. 30, 32) and the closed position (FIGS. 29, 31) can preferably be locked.

In the open position, it is possible for the closure to be fully inserted up to the stop with its grooves 45 in the area of the thread 16 of the closure receptacle and the grooves 14 to be inserted fully with its threads 44. In order then to cause the rotation of the threads 16, 44 completely into one another, the corresponding rotation of the locking head is necessary. This position is then the closed position according to FIGS. 29 and 31.

In the open position (FIGS. 30, 32), the locking lever 141 is able to lock this position with the pawl extension 143 when the latter engages in the groove 54. This is caused by the fact that the actuating lever 143, which is formed at the opposite end of the locking lever 141, is under spring pressure and can thus allow the pawl extension 142 to dip into the groove 54 under spring pressure. In this locked position, a movement of the locking body 33 onto the locking head shaft 26 is not possible, since both a radial and an axial movement are blocked by the locking lever 141.

If the locking lever 141 is lifted out of the groove 54 by pressure from above on the actuating lever 143, the locked and closed position of the lock shown in FIGS. 31 and 29 can be achieved, in which the actuating lever, which is under spring pressure, can be reached. Lever 143 in turn pivoted the locking lever 143 such that the pawl extension 142 this time dips into the axially front groove 53.

However, as already stated, the screwing-in movement of the locking head is promoted or brought about in particular by compression springs acting between the locking carrier 60 and the locking body 33.

The locking lever 141 can in particular be actuated via the lock of the firearm and here in particular the safety slide or lever, so that the closed position and / or the open position can be locked when the safety device is actuated. The Verriege development of the open position is particularly useful if, as provided in the invention, a spring pressure acts between the carrier and the closure body, since otherwise this spring pressure may lead to a rotary movement into the closed position.

The locking lever 143 is preferably pivoted in such a way that the locking head is released at the moment at which the locking head dips into the locking receptacle. A rotation of the locking head would thereby be possible, but is prevented until the position in which the threaded sections can slide into one another is reached.

The advantage of the invention is that, due to the modular construction of the breech block, consisting of a breech block 25 with a bolt head shaft 26 on the one hand and a bolt carrier on which the bolt head shaft is axially fixed, as well as a bolt body that is axially displaceable to a limited extent on the bolt carrier and on the bolt head shaft, an extremely reliable one System is created, which has a very high level of operational safety and maintenance friendliness and, thanks to the clever arrangement of the mechanical elements, in particular also of the externally controllable locking lever, enables error-free function and error-free ease of use. Reference list

1 locking system

2 lock mount

3 closure

4 barrel extension

5 Front opening

6 Rear opening

7 barrel threads

8 Smooth area

9 stop

10 Shutter lock area

11 cylinder segment

12 shell wall

14 grooves

15 end wall

16 threads

17 thread comb

18 Front flank

19 back flank

20 Smooth area

21 Smooth area

22 Axial stop surface

25 bolt head

26 bolt head stock

27 through hole

29 through hole

30 firing pin point

31 firing pin

32 firing pin spring

33 Closure body

34 central hole

35 control recess

36 control pin

37 Front end 38 Axial area

39 Inclined area

40 Axial stop collar

41 leading edge

42 rear edge

43

44 thread segment

45 grooves

46 thread combs

47 front flank

48 rear flank

49 axial groove

50 Smooth area

51 bumper

52 leading edge

53 locking groove

54 locking groove

55 ring segment

59 ring segment

60 bolt carrier

61 bolt carrier plate

62 bolt carrier side member arm

63 bolt carrier side member arm

64 extractor arm

65 extractor arm

66 front wall

67 Back wall

68 Narrow side edge

69 lower edge

70 top edge

71 Opening of the warehouse

72 round opening area

73 wall section

74 End area front wall of 61 ???? 75 circumferential groove

76 level

77 roof area

78 control surface

79 Control tab

80 rectangular groove

81 inclined wall section

82 End area of 26

83 Groove at end area 74

84 outer wall steps

85 inner wall

86 upper wall

87 lower wall

88 groove

89 flat front surface

90 rounded area

92 upper wall outer wall of 62/63

93 ring segment-shaped outer wall

94 ring segment-shaped inner wall

95 front face / end wall

96 lower wall

97 T-slot face

98 encroachments

99 extractor claw

100 back wall

101 bulge

102 T-shaped molding

103 groove bottom

104 flat-heart-shaped holes

105 outer wall

110 Vertical component area

111 Cross-running component area

112 rear bulkhead

113 long side wall 114 front bulkhead

115 lower wall

116 ceiling wall

117 side walls

118 bottom wall

119 breakthrough

120 spring section

121 level

124 upward sloping step

125 upper ceiling area

126 rectangular transverse groove

127 through hole

129 spring mounting holes

130 push pin

131 blind holes

132 level

133 shaft

134 slot

135 mouth

136 end

137 side groove

138 groove base

139 vertical hole

140 flat rectangular groove

141 locking lever

142 pawl extension

143 operating lever

145 grooves

146 actuator

147 connecting plate

148 plate

149 short range

150 lower edge

151 inner wall Connecting projection actuating rail recess

Claims

International patent application for precision technology Volkach, Wilfried Alber, Georg Holthaus GbR P295293WO patent claims

1. Locking system for a firearm, comprising a breech block holder (2) and a breech block (3), the breech block holder (2) being designed as a hollow cylinder with at least one first engagement means (16) protruding radially inward and at least one groove (14), wherein the groove (14) is formed axially adjacent to the first engagement means (16) and a locking head (25) is formed with at least one second protruding engagement means (44) and an adjacent axial groove (45), the first engagement means (16) the lock receptacle (2) and the second engagement means (44) of the lock head (25) are designed to be correspondingly gripped in one another, characterized in that the corresponding engagement means (16, 44) are designed as threads (16, 44) with or without a pitch , the respective threads (16, 44) each having at least one thread comb (17, 46) with at least the rear flank (19) of the at least one G threading comb (17) of the bolt head (25) is inclined against the firing direction and the corresponding rear flank (48) of the at least one threaded comb (46) of the breech block holder (2) is inclined in the firing direction.

2. Closure system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread combs (17, 46) are designed as pointed or trapezoidal thread combs with inclined front flanks (18, 47) and inclined rear flanks (19, 48).

3. Closure system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the front flanks (18, 47) and the rear flanks (19, 48) have the same or different degrees of inclination.

4. Closure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threads (16, 44) have a pitch, the thread pitch of the thread crests (17, 46) being the same.

5. Closure system according to claim 1, characterized in that the lock head (25) is rotatably mounted on a lock carrier (60) and there is also a lock body (33) which is displaceable on a lock head shaft (26) of the lock head (25) and between the lock body (33) and the bolt carrier (60) has at least one compression spring which tries to move the bolt body (33) in the direction of the bolt head (25), with means (35, 36) on the bolt head shaft (26) and on the bolt body (33) ) are present, which cause a rotation of the closure head (25) when the closure body (33) is displaced on the closure head shaft (26).

6. Closure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure receptacle (2) has one, two, three or more cylinder segments (11) each with a thread (16) with thread combs (17), wherein between the cylinder segments (11 ) Grooves (14) are arranged, the grooves being arranged in the casing wall (12) of the closure receptacle (2) from radially inside to radially outside and in the casing wall (12) at least as far as the bottoms of the thread (17) or reach through the cylinder jacket wall (12) completely.

7. Closure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one, two, three or more thread segments (44) with thread combs (46) are formed on the closure head (25), with grooves (45) adjacent to the thread segments (44) ) are present, which at least the depth of the bottoms of the thread dekämme (46) reach so that the grooves (25) interrupt the thread helix of the thread crests.

8. Closure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial width of the grooves (15) corresponds to the radial width of the thread segments (44) and the radial width of the grooves (45) of the closure head corresponds to the radial width of the cylinder segments (11) corresponds to.

9. Closure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure (3) is arranged around the closure head (25), an adjoining closure head shaft (26) extending axially against the firing direction, and a closure head shaft (26) Has breech body (33), the breech body (33) having means that prevent it from rotating in a firearm axially sliding and also between the locking body (33) and locking head shaft (26) a control link is formed from a control recess (35) and a control pin (36) which supports the locking head shaft (26) in the locking body (33) rotatably to a limited extent.

10. Closure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure head (25) has at least one thread comb (46) which is formed from a thread segment (44) running into one of the grooves (45) and the groove (45) spanned and at its axial free end (52) a stop surface (52) for a corresponding stop surface (22) of a cylinder segment (11) ausbil det, so that when the thread combs (46) fully interlock in the Ge thread combs (17) a further screwing the thread combs (46) in the thread combs (17) and thus the thread segments (44) in the thread (16) or the Zylin dersegmente (11) is blocked.

11. Lock system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lock receptacle (2) is formed in a barrel extension (4), the barrel extension (4) being designed to accommodate the barrel of a firearm, the barrel extension (4) next to the lock locking area (10) for receiving the lock (3) or the lock head (25) of the lock (3) has a locking area, wherein in the locking area at least one ring segment-like projection (55) is formed, which for interaction with a corresponding groove is formed in a case or the chassis of a firearm and the cylinder jacket wall (12) of the lock receptacle (2) or the barrel extension (4) of the case of a firearm is formed.

12. Locking system according to claim 5, characterized in that the lock head shaft (26) on the one hand and the lock body (33) on the other hand are mounted on the lock carrier (6), the lock head shaft (26) being rotatably but axially mounted on the lock carrier (60) is, while the closure body (33) is axially displaceable but non-rotatably fixed on the closure body (60).

13. Locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lock carrier (60) has a lock carrier plate (61) and two lock carrier longitudinal carrier arms (62, 63) outgoing therefrom in the same direction from these respectively extending extractor arms (64, 65), wherein the bolt carrier plate (61) is a flat-plate-like component, which is designed to stand upright in relation to the longitudinal extent of the bolt head shaft (26) or in the firing direction and has a substantially rectangular cross-section, the breech block ger between the narrow side edges (68) of a lower edge (69) of the bolt carrier plate (61) there is a bearing opening (71) for a bolt head shaft, so that the bolt head shaft (26) is arranged rotatably but axially fixed on the bolt carrier plate via a tongue and groove engagement .

14. Closure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure body (33) is a cross-sectionally substantially T-shaped component with a transverse component area (110) and in a substantially upright component area (111) is, the transverse construction part area (110) is plate-like with a rear end wall (112), two longitudinal side walls (113) and a front end wall (114), with between the front and rear end walls (112, 114) and the Long side walls (113) a lower wall (115) is formed, with the edgewise component area (111) with side walls (117) extending parallel to the side walls (113) from an underneath wall (150). run, the side walls (117) being spaced essentially symmetrically from the side walls (113), with a bottom wall between the end walls (117) ung (118) of the edgewise running component area (111) is formed, wherein the bottom wall (118) has a central opening (119) which is in the cylindrical bore (34), which is coaxial around the longitudinal axis of the closure body (33) and a Closure head shaft (26) is formed around.

15. Closure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the inserted state of the closure body (33) between the walls of the closure carrier longitudinal arms (62, 63) on the one hand and the lower wall (115) of the transverse component region (110) of the closure body (33) a gap remains, with the bottom wall (118) each widening outward beyond the side wall (117) with a spring section (120) and grooves (80) in the lock carrier plate (61) lock carrier longitudinal arms (62) are, the board of the spring elements (120) over the side walls (117) of the depth of the groove ten (80), so that the elements (120) for receiving in the groove (80) are correspondingly designed and the spring projections (120) on the one hand and the grooves (80) on the other hand form a tongue and groove system with which the closure body (33) is arranged in the lock carrier (60) so that it can slide longitudinally.

16. Locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking lever (141) is mounted in an upper ceiling surface (125) of the lock carrier, the locking lever (141) tilted about an axis of rotation in a slot (134), arranged in this way is that a pawl extension (142), which is formed at one end of the locking lever, extends into the area of a bore (34) for mounting the locking head shaft (26) or in this area of the bore (34) can be pivoted and out of this is pivotable, the locking lever (141) having an actuating lever (143) which is loaded with a spring under spring pressure in such a way that the pawl extension (142) is pivoted through the mouth (134) into the bore (134) under spring pressure.

17. Locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first and a second locking groove (53, 54) are arranged in the locking head shaft (26), the first and second locking groove (53, 54) being axial slots which in the surface of the locking head shaft (26), the first and second locking grooves being designed so that they can correspond to the pawl (152) of the pawl of the locking lever (141), the first and second locking grooves (53, 54) being axial are formed offset from one another and are formed radially offset from one another, the second groove (54) being further away from the locking head (25) than the first groove (53), but being arranged in front of the first groove (53) in the locking direction of rotation, the axial distance of the grooves (53, 54) corresponds to the screw-in depth of the closure thread into one another, while the radial distance corresponds to the arc length which the closure in the recess screwing movement to the end of the screwing-in movement.

18. Locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotation of the locking head (25) can be brought about by a feed movement of the locking body (33), the locking body sliding on the locking head shaft (26) and the control pin (36) which rests in a control pin bore (127) and slides along the control surface and the bolt head in a rotary Forcing movement to the right, the control pin (36) in an initial position in an axial formation (40) of the control surface (35) rests and in a forward movement the rotation of the locking head, the inclined surface (39) of the control surface (35 ) is shaped so that the angular offset between the axial end areas of the control surface (35), namely the areas (40, 38), corresponds to the angular offset that is covered by the locking head (25) when it is completely screwed in.