DE7432482U - SINGLE-END RIFLE WITH A ROTARY OPERATING MECHANISM - Google Patents

Description

I 1 I I 1 t,,,

Dr. Horst SchUler

Patent attorney Frankfurt / Main, September 25, 1974

6 Frankfurt / Main 1 Vo./Schu./he.

Niddastr. 52

General Electric Company

1 River Road SchenectadVjN.Yo / U.S.A. 2894-52-AR-187O

Single barrel rifle with a rotary actuation mechanism

The invention relates to actuating mechanisms for single-barreled Rifles and in particular a rotary operating mechanism, which can be operated in reverse.

In the conventional reverse-operated, single-barreled rifle with faster rate of fire, the majority of the recoil is due to the forward movement of the projectile and propellant gas through the transferred backward rifle barrel in a single, short burst to the lock. This is thrown backwards in the rifle and then bounced forward to the battery, stripping a projectile from the guide mechanism. the Position and time coordinates of the moving masses are not specifically controlled. Much of the recoil energy is transferred to the rifle housing or the receptacle and from there to the frame or mount. This recoil energy can wreak havoc on a vehicle that cannot absorb large impacts. The short-term, high impact loads require heavy or solid structures to overcome such a load.

Typically, the guide mechanism is also such Rifle operated intermittently and operated only for a short portion of the rifle cycle, placing high peak loads on the ammunition feeder.

Various possible approaches have been suggested by the prior art. An externally driven rotary actuation mechanism results from US patent 125 563. More modern, conventional

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Borrowed rotary actuation mechanisms are shown, for example, in U.S. Patents 2,849,921, 3,4o7,7ol and 3,380,343. A gas powered rotary actuation mechanism is described in U.S. Patent 1,786,2o7 and a reverse powered guide mechanism is shown in 'The Machine Gun ¹ by GM Chinn, Volume IV, page 245, Department of the Navy (1955).

Accordingly, the object of the invention is to provide an actuating mechanism for a reverse-operated, single-barrel Rapid fire rifle with the following properties:

a) Time and position control or control of all be-C because of parts;

b) Control of the transfer of energy from the moving masses on storage springs and vice versa;

c) low peak loads on larger moving parts and low energy losses;

d) substantially constant speed of the ammunition feeder withdrawn projectiles;

f) generally a light, simple, well-balanced, highly reliable single-barreled rifle with return actuation and faster rate of fire.

According to the invention a rifle is proposed which has a single f barrel and a rotary actuation mechanism which is arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of the rifle barrel.

These and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description in conjunction with the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1 - a longitudinal section of a rifle according to the invention in a through the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel Level,

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relative displacements of the gun barrel and the gun lock with respect to FIG the cam angle of the rotary actuation mechanism of the embodiment of Figure 1,

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Figure 3 - a cross section of the embodiment from Figure 1 along the plane III-III, looking towards the rear and special representation of the rifle lock,

Figure 4 - a longitudinal cross-section of the embodiment of Figure 1 the level IV-IV, looking forward and special representation of the chamber,

Figure 5 - a longitudinal cross-section of the embodiment of Figure 1 the plane V-V from FIG. 6 after rotation by 90 ° and looking towards the rear as well as a special illustration the retracted lock and the guide mechanism,

FIG. 6 shows a detailed plan view of part of the embodiment from FIG. 1 along the plane VI-VI, with particular emphasis Illustration of the guiding mechanism,

FIG. 7 - a longitudinal cross-section of the embodiment from FIG the level VII-VII with special representation of the gear wheel sequence of the guide mechanism,

Figure 8 - a longitudinal section of the rifle lock from Figure 1 along a verr through the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel current level with special representation of the firing pin mechanism,

FIG. 9 - a cross section of the embodiment from FIG. 1 along the plane IX-IX, looking towards the rear and special representation of the deduction,

characters
loA and IdB-

characters
HA and 11E-

Longitudinal and transverse views of a modified embodiment of the head of the rifle lock in blocked Position and

Longitudinal and transverse views of the embodiment from FIG. 10A in the unblocked and unlocked position.

Below is first a preferred embodiment of the invention described which, according to Figure 1, represents a single-barrel, reverse-operated, rotary-operated machine gun.

The rifle has a substantially tubular main body Io on, to which a likewise tubular front housing 12 is attached

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λ is stigt. The rear end of the front housing contains a ■>. Ring part 14, an inner ring 16, an outer ring 18 and a

rear ring 2o forms. At the back of the housing Io is a 'Back plate 22 attached.

A rear, generally tubular rotor 24 is by means of a

front radial bearing 26 and a pair of rear pressure or ft thrust bearings 28 which are held by a bearing retainer ring 3o, rotatably mounted in the housing I Io to the gun longitudinal axis. A front one

and generally tubular rotor 32 is connected via a pair of front SO- as held by a retaining ring 36 pressure or thrust bearing ^34: - 'and by a rear as well as by a retaining ring held 4o

Radial bearing 38 can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the rifle in the housing Io. camps.

EineVerbindungs.welle 42 is supported parallel to the gun longitudinal axis rotatably on the housing Io, by a front radial bearing 44 and a rear radial bearing 46. The shaft includes a forward i gear ring 48 which meshes with a gear ring 5o on the front rotor V 32, and a rear gear ring 52 which meshes with a gear ΐ ring 54 on the rear rotor. The shaft therefore couples the ί front and rear rotors for simultaneous rotation and, as will be described later, it drives an I χ feed system and acts as a torsion spring self-starter.

I In the housing Io there is a barrel or liner extension 6o,

% required for a back and forth movement over in guideways 64 in the

I housing is mounted on sliding guides. The barrel extension is I with a front bore 66 for receiving the rifle barrel 68 fs and with a rear bore 7o for receiving a head 72 $ of the rifle bolt or lock 74. The rear end 76 of the gun barrel is in the front bore 66 by means of a number interrupted thread 78 attached. Alternatively, shoulders or lugs and a stop or latch can be used. The front end 8o of the gun barrel extends into the front housing 12 and an annular spring stop 82 is at the front Attached to the end of the gun barrel. A barrel retaining spring 84

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extends around the front end of the rifle barrel and is held by this by means of a sleeve 86 at a distance which extends in the front housing 12 between the spring stop 82 and the inner ring 16 is located. On the front housing 12 is a ring 88 which is suitable for reciprocating movement, not illustrated guide tracks stored or guided and held by suitable buffer springs 9o in front of and behind the ring, the are clamped between the outer ring 18 and a blocking ring 91 fastened at the front on the front housing.

The front rotor 32 has two diametrically opposite curves-V or cam rollers 92 and 94, respectively, which are in two overlapping spiral cam tracks 96 and 98 in the barrel extension Move 6o. An annular cam track loo overlaps the two spiral tracks.

The rifle bolt or rifle lock 74 contains a rifle lock head 72 and a substantially tubular body Io2 which ends in a rear guide disk Io4. This slides in the bore Io6 of the rear rotor 24. The tubular body has a pair of sliding jaws Io7, which slide in the guides 64, and a transverse web Io8 separating a front bore 112 from a rear bore 114 with a longitudinal bore Ho. S- The head 72 has a front portion 116 with a number of radially protruding blocking lugs 118, a bolt or lock face I2o and a pair of diametrically spaced apart holder or slide lugs 122 rear part 124 with a rear longitudinal bore 126, a front stepped longitudinal bore 128 and a transverse slot 13o. In the bore is a disc 132 with a shaft or stem 134 which engages through the bore Ho in the bore 126 of the head. A pin 136 is passed through transverse bores in the shaft and body and through a slot in the head to connect these parts together while allowing some relative rotation of the head with respect to the body. In the bore 128 there is a firing pin 138 with a transverse actuating device connected to it.

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Movement arm I4o arranged through the slot 13o and a Slot 142 in the body 114 is guided to the outside. A firing pin coil spring 144 is located in the bore 126 and is between the shaft 134 and the firing pin 138 clamped. A quasi-spiral cam track 146 is on the outer rear Surface of the body Io2 is formed.

A quasi-spiral cam track 148 is located on the outer surface pool of rear rotor 24 for its rear and front dwell areas. This cam track is through a side wall 15o of a rib 152 and a side wall 151 arranged on the rotor and in the remaining area by a rear side wall 153 and a side wall 154 of an insert 156 is formed, which is connected to the inner wall of the housing. In the wall of the rear rotor is a longitudinal slot with longitudinal guide tracks 16o. There is a slider in the slot 162, the rails 164 of which are guided by the guideways. The slider 162 has a rear cam follower roller 166, which with the rear rotor cam track 148 is engaged, and a front cam roller 168 which engages with the rifle lock cam track 146 intervenes.

In the outer surface of the rear rotor is a Ausspa- r tion or indentation 17o with a shoulder 172. A solenoid 174 is fixed to the housing and includes an armature 176.auf, the coupled by a slot with a catch or a pawl 178 which is rotatably attached to the inner wall of the housing and is biased against the rotor by a compression coil spring 18o. The pawl can be designed as a toggle lever or toggle lever in order to reduce the force required by the magnetic coil.

The gun barrel 68 includes a fluted bore 182 and the chamber 184. The extension of the barrel has a cavity 186 which is used to receive the front part 116 of the bolt or rifle lock head is suitable, and it contains a number of grooves for the passage of the blocking lugs 118. A rod 19o is with

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'I I

J III

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its rear end fixed to the back plate 22 and from a Surrounded spiral lock return spring 192, which is also located in the bore 114 of the rifle lock and between the Back plate 22 and the disk 132 is clamped. The firing pin actuating arm is in the unlocked battery position of the lock head on the rear side 194 of an inwardly directed projection 196 of the housing which serves as a trigger member and the firing pin spring is compressed. When the lock head is fully rotated to its blocked position, the actuator arm gives the trigger link free, and the firing pin is through the

Spring biased forward. The rifle lock also has a Γ ^ .vom

ν 'pair of sliders Io7 that extend / body lo2 and into slide on the tracks 64 and includes an actuator arm extending transversely from the forward portion 116 of the lock head 2oo. This has a cam following surface 2o2, which in the unlocked Battery position according to Figure 3 from a counterclockwise rotated cam 2o4 is influenced, which is fixedly attached to a shaft 2o6 and once per gun cycle rotates at irregular speed, around the arm 2oo clockwise to swing into the blocking position. The arm 2oo has an additional cam follower surface 2o8 that is locked in the Battery position and when moving back in the return movement is influenced by a ramp surface 21o on a projection attached to the housing, · ■ - ■ .. is flowing to the Arion 2oo counterclockwise in an unlocking to pan.

The cam tracks 96/98, 146 and 148 do not have uniform pitch angles. About the possibility of a cam roller blocking and a cam track rather than preventing guiding, the pitch angle of the cam track should be less than 51 and preferably be kept below 45 °. If the diameter of the rear rotor is large enough, the pitch angle of the path 146 for example ο, which corresponds to a simple ring. In the case of a rear rotor with a small diameter, however, the Keeping the slope angle of track 148 low will provide track 146 with a substantial slope angle. The effective angle of incline the combination of tracks 146 and 148 must then be included in

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ItIIt · * ·· · ·

should be considered or taken into account with reference to the tracks i> 6/98. During the initial area of the retraction movement of the barrel extension until after the rifle lock has been unlocked through the ramp surface 21o, the effective angle of inclination of the combination must S of tracks 146 and 148 be identical to the pitch angle of track 96/98. After unlocking the rifle lock, the effective The angle of inclination of the combination of tracks 146 and 148 is made comparatively larger than the angle of incline of track 96/98, for a backward movement of the rifle lock, the

faster than the backward movement of the barrel extension, which corresponds to an acceleration of the rifle lock relative to the J barrel extension.

The rifle mechanism described so far works in the following way: In the battery position of the rifle, a projectile R1 is blocked in the chamber according to FIG. 1, and the magnetic coil 174 is energized. When the cam 204 drives the bolt head to its fully locked position, the firing pin actuator arm 14o slides off the trigger surface 194 and the spring 144 drives the firing pin 138 to fire the projectile. The explosion causes a retraction of the barrel 68 and the barrel extension 6o with the rifle lock or bolt 74 blocked thereby. When the rifle lock 74 by way \ moved ten slides the cam surface on the ramp surface 2o8 21o by unlocking the buckle head. As the barrel extension moves back, the cam tracks 96 and 98 drive the cam rollers 92 and 94 to rotate the front rotor 32 and its ring gear 50. The latter drives the gear ring 48 of the connecting shaft, via which the shaft gear 52 and thereby the gear ring 54 and the rear rotor 24 are rotated. When the rear rotor rotates together with the slide 162, the stationary cam track 148 drives the cam follower roller 166 and thereby the slide 162 and the cam drive roller 168 to the rear. The roller 168 drives the rifle lock cam track 146 rearward along with the rifle lock or bolt. The slider 162 accelerates the rearward movement of the rifle lock with respect to the leek extension, which is shown in FIG. When moving the

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Barrel and rifle lock, they press the barrel return spring accordingly 84 and the rifle lock return spring 192 together. The barrel return spring brings the barrel into the battery position in front of I8o return. The fired cartridge housing is ejected from the side. When a new projectile is to be fired, it is turned when it is turned of the rotors through the rear dwell zone of the rifle lock, which is spread out at 18o, and during the lateral ejection of an ignited cartridge case, a fresh cartridge is inserted from the side. The rifle lock return spring 192 drives the lock or the bolt with the fresh cartridge forward to introduce the lock or bolt head 72 into the rear bore 7o and the cartridge v. accommodate. The arm pushing the firing pin 14ο hits the Surface 194. The shaft 2o6 rotates to rotate the cam 2o4, pivot the arm 2oo and the lock head into the lock to turn.

If another or another projectile is to be fired, is the solenoid 174 de-energizes so that the spring 18o biases the pawl 178 to engage the shoulder 172 to rotate the rear To stop or stop the rotor. The front rotor, which is coupled to the rear rotor via the connecting shaft 42, puts its rotation under braking according to its inertia and the torsional strength of the connecting shaft 42 , ■ with the barrel extension in the battery position. The wedging angle of the cam tracks 96 and 98 is such that a backward movement of the rollers 92 and 94 and a Reverse rotation of the front rotor can be prevented. The system is therefore in a charged state under torsional loading of the Liaison shaft held. A subsequent excitation of the solenoid 174 leads to a turning back or untwisting of the connecting shaft, which accelerates the rear rotor so that the rifle lock return spring moves the bolt or lock into the chamber can drive and block.

To initially load the rifle, the front rotor is rotated by an external drive source while rollers 92 and 94 wander loo in the ring-shaped cam track. The feeder or

- Io -

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Bringer leads an ammunition projectile between the cartridge holder attachments of the lock or bolt while the rifle lock remains behind and pushes the previously ignited cartridge the end. The feeder is driven by the connecting shaft 42, which in turn is driven by the front rotor 32.

The connecting shaft 42 has a first intermediate gear 2ol and a second intermediate gear or sun gear 2o2. This combs with a pair of planetary gears 2o4, which are correspondingly mounted on a rotor body 2o6, and with a stationary one Comb ring gear 2o8. The rotor body 2o6 has an annular shape

ν sun gear 21o, which meshes with a pair of planetary gears 212, which are correspondingly mounted on a rotor body 214 and mesh with the stationary ring gear 2o8. This planetary system results in a reduction ratio of 16: 1. The runner body 214 is formed in one piece with a tubular shaft 216 which runs coaxially with the connecting shaft 42. With the shaft 216 are a front stripping gear 218 and a rear stripping gear 22o firmly connected. These scraper gears capture the leading Projectile R2 in a row of articulated or chained ammunition parts and pull the row over a link positioner 222, front outer link guides 224 and 224A, rear outer link guides 226 and 226A, furthermore via a front

, - whose scraper guide 228 and a rear scraper guide 23o to to draw and advance every link of the corresponding ammunition projectiles. The scraper gears each have four tips or teeth and rotate at a substantially uniform speed that is one-fourth the rate of the gun.

The gearwheel 2ol meshes with a reduction gearwheel 232, which is connected non-rotatably to an elliptical gearwheel 234, which meshes with an elliptical gearwheel 236. The latter is rotatably connected to an intermediate gear 238 which meshes with a gear 24o which is fixedly attached to the injector shaft 2o6. This therefore rotates at a sinusoidal speed once per rifle cycle. The shaft 2o6 carries the cam 2o4, which has already been mentioned. Furthermore, with it are a front injector

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- 11 gear wheel 242 and a rear injector gear wheel 244 firmly connected.

The gear 2ol also meshes with an intermediate gear 246, the engages in a gear wheel 248 which is non-rotatably connected to an elliptical gear wheel 25o. This combs with an elliptical Gear 252, which is rotatably connected to a gear 254, which in turn meshes with a gear 256, which is fixed with an ejector or ejection shaft 258 is fixedly connected. At this are front and rear deceleration ejector gears, respectively 26o and 262 attached.

In operation, the stripping gears rotate counterclockwise at a substantially uniform rate to draw the row of ammunition links into the feeder and to pull and eject the leading link at a substantially uniform rate. The stripped bullet is guided by the interior surfaces of stripper guides 228 and 23o and by continuations of these links. The stripping gears transfer the projectile into the cups or depressions of the now largely dwell injector gears 242 and 244, and the projectile is held there by the remote ends of the now largely lingering retarder ejector gears 26o and 262. When the rifle lock or the rifle bolt arrives at the rear dwell zone, (I turn the retarder ejector gears counterclockwise in order to slide the ignited cartridge housing laterally over the lock or bolt surface from the cartridge holder lugs 122 and along ejector guides 264 and 266. Simultaneously the injector gears rotate clockwise to advance the new bullet along the continuations of the injector guide up and over the lock or bolt surface and into the cartridge holder lugs 122, then continue to rotate through a full cycle and the next hand or arm of the Stripping gears. The rear edge of the retarder ejector gear prevents the projectile from jamming on the lock or bolt surface. As the lock or bolt comes forward, these gears continue to rotate out of the way and for a full cycle to put the projectile then transferred into the injector gear rn to keep. - 12 -

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In summary, the sequence of steps of the rifle cycle can be as follows are reproduced: 1. End of the front dwell of the rear cam. 2. Beginning of barrel extension lock or bolt return. 3 ,. End of pressure build-up. 4. Beginning of the pressure drop. 5. Beginning of the lock release. 6. End of lock release. 7th Separation of barrel extension and lock or bolt. 8. End of pressure approval. 9. End of the front dwell of the lock or bolt cam, lo. End of barrel extension return - start of rearward dwell of the lock or bolt cam. 11. Beginning of the backward dwell of the lock or bolt cam. 12. Beginning of the rotation of the lock or bolt head in the feed

■ · 'position. 13. Start of feed-eject cycle. 14. End of Rotation of the lock or bolt head. 15. Beginning of the backward dwell of the back cam. 16. Start of reverse rotation of the Lock or bolt head in the normal position. 17. End of the rearward dwell of the rear cam. 18. End of feed-eject cycle. 19. End of counter-rotation of the lock or bolt head in the normal position. 2o. End of backward lingering of the lock or bolt cam. 21. End of reverse return of the Barrel Extension - Beginning of the front dwell of the barrel extension. 22. Beginning of the front dwell of the lock or bolt cam. 23. Beginning of cocking the firing pin. 24. End of cocking the firing pin. 25. Beginning of the front dwell of the

\ rear cam. 26. Beginning of rotation of the lock or bolt head in the blocking position. 27. Beginning of fall of the firing pin. 28. End of turning the lock or bolt head into the blocking position. 29. Falling end of the firing pin. 3o. Start of the ignition delay. 31. End of ignition delay. 32. Beginning of the pressure build-up - ignition of the powder charge.

An exemplary alternative embodiment is that the invention also in an arrangement with an external drive can be formed, usually have the externally driven Arrangements have the advantage that the cycle continues regardless of one or more misfires. One not shown Rotary drive source can usually be coupled to the gear ring of the front rotor. The pitch angle of the cam tracks

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and 98 is chosen accordingly to allow the cam rollers on the front rotor to reciprocate the barrel extension. The speed of the rotary drive is chosen so that the rifle is driven at a rate which is within natural reverse actuated rate of the rifle is.

Another alternative embodiment is explained below. In order to ensure the continued storage of the projectile on the surface of the rifle lock or bolt, the embodiment from FIGS. 10A, 10B, HA and HB can be built into the gun lock be. Two longitudinally extending and diametrically spaced slots 3oo and 3o2 are provided in the head. Two molded or angled cam slots 3o4 and 3o6 are located in the tubular body Io2 and take corresponding cam follower pins 3o8 and 3Io, which are fixedly connected to corresponding slides 312 and 314, which are arranged in the slots 3o4 and 3o6 are. In the blocked position of the head on the body according to FIGS. 10A and 10B, the slides are in the lock or bolt head withdrawn. In the unblocked position according to Figures HA and HB, the distal ends of the slide protrude from the Lock or bolt surface to the front. The slide 314 is slightly longer than the slide 312. An additional one, not shown Cam, similar to cam 2o4, is adjacent to the counterbat / " The position of the lock or bolt head is firmly attached to the shaft 2o6 and is used to deflect the arm 2oo in order to move the lock or bolt head. When the rifle lock is at the rear, swivel the bolt head into the lock before a new bullet hits the surface of the lock or the lock. Bolt is inserted. Injector gears 242 and 244 then guide a projectile around the end of the now retracted slide to the center of the lock or bolt surface between the cartridge holder lugs while the previously ignited cartridge housing is ejected will. An additional ramp surface, not shown, which is a mirror image of the surface 21o, is slightly in front of the Arranged opposite battery position of the lock or bolt head and serves to deflect the arm 2oo when the lock or the Bolt moved forward in the opposite direction to pivot the lock or bolt head into the unblocked position, the ends of the

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The slide protrudes from the surface of the lock or bolt. The end of the slide 314 comes out first to stop the transverse displacement of the projectile over the surface of the lock or bolt,
when the ejector gears 26o and 262 pivot away from the projectile. When the lock or the bolt is blocked in the barrel extension, the slides are retracted again. After ignition, during the return, and when the lock or the bolt
is unlocked by the barrel extension, the slides are advanced again to close the ignited cartridge housing during the
To bring the return of the lock or the bolt into its counter-battery position on the lock or bolt surface.

- patent claims -

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Claims (6)

'..' 'ill. Wtober 1977 Vo G 74 32 482.6 2894-52-AR-I87O New protection claims 1. Ammunition feeder for a rifle with a rifle lock moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction, with a first cartridge transport device, which is drivable at a substantially uniform speed and a chain of cartridges moved from a cartridge supply to the rifle, characterized by a second cartridge transport device (242, 244), which can be driven at a non-uniform speed and are constructed in this way and is arranged that cartridges (R) can be picked up by the first transport device (218, 220) and one is picked up Cartridge movable at a non-uniform speed along a path transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rifle lock (74) and can be securely positioned on the rifle lock (74). 2. Ammunition feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the second transport device (242, 244) moved cartridge- (R) on the rifle lock (120, 74) at a time during the to-and-fro movement of the lock can be positioned at which the longitudinal speed is zero. 3. Ammunition feeder according to claim 3 or 2, characterized characterized in that the second transport device (242, 244) has an ejection device (260, 262) for ejecting the case of each cartridge at the front surface (120) of the rifle lock after firing. is. 4. Ammunition feeder according to claim 3, characterized in that the ejection takes place at a time during the reciprocating movement of the rifle lock (74) at which its speed in the longitudinal direction is zero 7432482 02.02.78 5. Munitionszubrin.ger according to claim J5 or 4, characterized characterized in that the ejection device (260, 262) is a rotatable transport gear. 6. Ammunition feeder according to one of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that each cartridge transport device (218, 220, 242, 244) is a rotatable Transport gear is. n? ü? 7fl