EP0252902B1 - Gun - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0252902B1
EP0252902B1 EP87890156A EP87890156A EP0252902B1 EP 0252902 B1 EP0252902 B1 EP 0252902B1 EP 87890156 A EP87890156 A EP 87890156A EP 87890156 A EP87890156 A EP 87890156A EP 0252902 B1 EP0252902 B1 EP 0252902B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firing
loading
chamber
firing chamber
barrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP87890156A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0252902A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Ing. Zedrosser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Steyr Daimler Puch AG
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Steyr Daimler Puch AG
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Publication of EP0252902A1 publication Critical patent/EP0252902A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
    • F41A9/45—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position the cartridge chamber or the barrel as a whole being tiltable or transversely slidable between a loading and a firing position

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firearm with the housing, barrel, cargo space and trigger together with the ignition device, with a separate firing chamber separate from the barrel forming the cargo space, which is displaceably guided in the housing transverse to the barrel axis and can be moved back and forth between a firing position and a loading position , the loading space of the firing chamber in the firing position adjoining the barrel coaxially at one end, sitting in front of a closure wall of the housing at the other end and being accessible in the loading position on both ends outside the barrel and closure wall area, and the ignition device being located in the loading space of the firing chamber in the firing position penetrating ignition pin.
  • a trigger acts via a nose, a lever and a tap on the firing pin of the ignition device.
  • the launch chamber has nothing to do with the triggering of the ignition device by the trigger. Rather, when the trigger is actuated, another rocker arm is pivoted, which lifts the loading chamber from the loading position into the firing position via a roller. This lifting of the loading chamber does not contribute to the triggering of the ignition device, so that overall there is a complicated and therefore costly mechanism.
  • a roller-shaped launching chamber has also been proposed, which is rotatably inserted in the housing and which turns its loading space by rotating it through an angle of 90 ° Loading into the firing position.
  • These rotary chambers have not proven themselves in practice, since they not only require complex drive, control and extraction devices, but above all cause great difficulties during unloading, which is why the taking of their own unloading position or even knocking back the sleeve remaining in the loading space or not fired cartridge in the magazine is required.
  • firearms are also already known in which the magazine itself takes over the function of a firing chamber
  • these weapons such as revolvers, rotating drum magazines or, according to CA-A 056 631 and FR-A 347 965, rod magazines which can be displaced.
  • the firing chamber is therefore not an actual part of the weapon, which in particular brings with it sealing problems for the loading space and, due to the easily damaged magazines, in practice often leads to pinching and other malfunctions.
  • the ammunition for these known firearms must also be used because of the lack of or difficult discharge possibility, the little-proven, caseless cartridges or because of the poor loading space, cartridges with metal sleeves, whereby advantageous cartridges with plastic sleeves are completely unusable.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a firearm of the type described, which is characterized by its particularly simple and reliable construction, which consists of comparatively few and easy to manufacture parts, allows a reduction in length and is also ideal for closing Cartridges with plastic sleeves are suitable.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the firing chamber serves as part of the trigger, that means are provided for generating kinetic energy for the sliding movement of the firing chamber from the loading position to the firing position and that the firing chamber itself the ignition device by its kinetic energy when it arrives in the firing position brings effect.
  • the firing chamber belongs to the fume cupboard and its kinetic energy is used to ignite, there is no need for a separate impact mechanism to apply the ignition energy, which not only reduces the construction and construction effort, but also saves space for shortening the overall length.
  • Complicated lever mechanisms are missing and there remain simple, robust components which result in a loading and firing system which is rational and not susceptible to malfunction and suitable for firing any kind of ammunition, especially cartridges with plastic sleeves.
  • a spring drive can be provided to generate the kinetic energy.
  • any ignition devices can be provided per se.
  • the ignition device can consist of a housing-fixed ignition pin, which is directed transversely to the barrel axis, and an ignition bore of the firing chamber, which is assigned to this and leads radially into the loading space.
  • a simple, fixed ignition pin in the housing is sufficient as the ignition device, which penetrates through the ignition hole of the incoming firing chamber into the loading space and there onto the edge fuse of a suitably designed Pa trone strikes, so that the firing chamber does not trigger a striking device for the ignition pin when it arrives in the firing position, but rather is itself a striking device for applying the ignition energy.
  • this creates an ignition system that is as simple as it is effective and reliable.
  • a firearm with a spring drive for moving the firing chamber which can be fixed in the loading position by the trigger from the loading position to the firing position is guided in the direction of travel so as to be displaceable, via a gas drive against the force of a piston-gas-actuated piston-cylinder unit
  • Return spring movable slider is provided, which has oblique to the direction of displacement and interacting with drivers of the firing chamber for their return movement from the firing position into the loading position control surfaces.
  • the slider according to the invention carries a parallel ejector rod which projects freely towards the firing chamber and can be telescopically pushed against the force of an ejector spring, which extends coaxially with the loading space of the firing chamber in the loading position and through the slider movement is retractable into the hold. If the slide brings the firing chamber back into the loading position after the shot has been fired, the ejector rod is also moved into the loading space by the sliding piece and reliably ejects the cartridge case present in the loading space, because of the lack of an extractor claw or the like. regardless of whether a metal or plastic sleeve is used.
  • the ejector rod can be telescopically pushed together, as a result of which, during the return movement of the launcher chamber into the loading position, the ejector rod is pretensioned, which then has an impact effect on the cartridge case when entering the loading space and thus has an uninhibited effect Unloading guaranteed.
  • the slide on the side of the firing chamber opposite the ejector rod receives one of these ejector rods opposite the feeder which, in the starting position, the magazine approach located behind the firing chamber in the unloading direction covered and during unloading can be pushed back behind an ejection opening downstream of the magazine attachment, a loading device is also created together with the unloading device without great construction and construction effort, since the ejector rod and the feeder form a functional unit and the return movement of the slider after the unloading process can be used as a loading movement .
  • the feeder pushed far back in the course of unloading can take the next cartridge from the magazine and slide it back into the loading space when returning to the starting position, so that not only is the firing chamber moved from the firing position to the loading position by the slide movement, but immediately also unloads the launcher and then loads it again.
  • the firing chamber, magazine attachment and ejection opening lie one behind the other in the direction of travel, which means that sleeve ejection downwards, which is neither left nor right-handed, is possible.
  • the firing chamber 4 is guided in a housing guide 6 displaceable transversely to the barrel axis and can be moved back and forth between an upper firing position for triggering a shot and a lower loading position for loading and unloading, the cargo space 5 being coaxial with the barrel 3 in the firing position and one immediately adjacent to the barrel 3, the other is closed by a fixed closure wall 7 of the housing 2.
  • the loading space 5 is outside the running and closure wall area and is accessible at both ends.
  • the ignition device used is a firing pin 8 which is fixed in the housing 2 and is oriented transversely to the barrel axis and to which a radial ignition bore 9 of the firing chamber 4 is assigned, through which firing bore 9 the firing pin 8 penetrates into the loading position when the firing chamber 4 arrives in the firing position can.
  • the launch chamber 4 is in the Loading position fixed by a trigger 10 only indicated, a spring drive II ensures the movement of the firing chamber 4 from the loading position in the firing position.
  • a slider 12 is provided which can be moved back against the firing chamber 4 by means of a handle 13 or a gas drive 14 against the force of a return spring 15 in the direction of the barrel axis and thereby by means of control surfaces 16 which are connected to drivers 17 Launch chamber 4 cooperate, forcibly move the launch chamber 4 back out of the firing position into the loading position.
  • the slider 12 also carries an ejector rod 18 and one of these opposing feeders 19, so that the loading and unloading of the firing chamber 4 is carried out simultaneously by the slider movement.
  • Fig. 1 the unloaded firearm I is shown, in which the firing chamber 4 is locked by the trigger 10 with an empty cargo space in the loading position.
  • the slider 12 In this initial position, the slider 12 is in its front end position and the loading space 5 lies coaxially between the ejector rod 18 and the feeder 19, which in this position covers a magazine extension 20 with a magazine 21 inserted.
  • the slide 12 For loading, as indicated in Fig. 2, the slide 12 is withdrawn via the handle 13, whereby the feeder 19 releases the magazine extension 20, so that the top cartridge 22 of the magazine 21 is pushed up into the path of the feeder 19 and when the Slider 12 is taken due to the return spring 15 after releasing the handle 13 by the feeder 19 and inserted into the loading space 5.
  • the weapon is loaded and ready to fire.
  • the firing chamber 4 with the loaded cartridge 22 is released and the spring drive II rapidly shoots the firing chamber 4 out of the loading position into the firing position.
  • the firing pin 8 penetrates through the firing hole 9 into the loading space 5 and hits the rim fuze of the cartridge 22 (not shown further), which automatically ignites the cartridge and triggers the shot, which is indicated in FIG. 4.
  • the resulting powder gases drive the projectile 22a through the barrel 3, while the cartridge case 22b remains in the loading space 5.
  • the powder gases act as soon as the projectile is over the connecting hole 14a, the gas drive 14, which in turn moves the slide 12 against the force of the return spring 15 to the rear.
  • the control surfaces 16 grasp the catches 17 and bring the firing chamber 4 with the empty cartridge case 22b back into the loading position, where the trigger 10 engages and the firing chamber 4 is fixed again.
  • the ejector rod 18, which can be telescopically pushed together against the force of an ejector spring 18a, is compressed and pretensioned until the loading space 5 is in the loading position coaxial with the ejector rod 18, whereupon the ejector rod 18 springs forward and the cartridge case 22b out of the loading space 5 ejects as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the ejector rod 18 pushes the cartridge case over the magazine 21 up to a downward ejection opening 23 in the only indicated shaft part la of the firearm I.
  • this feeder 19 gives the way to eject the cartridge case 22b is free and, on the other hand, when the slide 12 moves forward after the cartridge case ejection according to FIGS. 2 and 3, it can immediately take the next cartridge 22 out of the magazine 21 and push it back into the loading space 5. The weapon is reloaded and ready to fire.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schußwaffe mit Gehäuse, Lauf, Laderaum und Abzug samt Zündeinrichtung, wobei eine eigene, vom Lauf getrennte Abschußkammer den Laderaum bildet, die im Gehäuse quer zur Laufachse verschiebbar geführt und zwischen einer Feuerstellung und einer Ladestellung hin- und herbewegbar ist, wobei der Laderaum der Abschußkammer in der Feuerstellung einerends koaxial an den Lauf angrenzt, andernends vor einer Verschlußwand des Gehäuses sitzt und in der Ladestellung beiderends zugänglich außerhalb des Lauf-und Verschlußwandbereiches liegt und wobei die Zündeinrichtung einen in den Laderaum der sich in Feuerstellung befindenden Abschußkammer eindringenden Zündstift aufweist.The invention relates to a firearm with the housing, barrel, cargo space and trigger together with the ignition device, with a separate firing chamber separate from the barrel forming the cargo space, which is displaceably guided in the housing transverse to the barrel axis and can be moved back and forth between a firing position and a loading position , the loading space of the firing chamber in the firing position adjoining the barrel coaxially at one end, sitting in front of a closure wall of the housing at the other end and being accessible in the loading position on both ends outside the barrel and closure wall area, and the ignition device being located in the loading space of the firing chamber in the firing position penetrating ignition pin.

Als Stand der Technik, von dem die vorliegende Erfindung ausgeht, ist eine Konstruktion nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt (FR-A 317 851). Hierbei wirkt ein Abzug über eine Nase, einen Hebel und einen Hahn auf den Schlagbolzen der Zündeinrichtung ein. Die Abschußkammer hat mit der Auslösung der Zündvorrichtung durch den Abzug nichts zu tun. Vielmehr wird bei Betätigung des Abzuges über eine weitere Nase ein Kipphebel geschwenkt, welcher über eine Rolle die Ladekammer von der Ladestellung in die Feuerstellung anhebt. Dieses Anheben der Ladekammer trägt zur Auslösung der Zündvorrichtung nichts bei, so daß sich insgesamt eine komplizierte und damit kostenaufwendige Mechanik ergibt.As the prior art from which the present invention is based, a construction according to the preamble of claim 1 is known (FR-A 317 851). Here, a trigger acts via a nose, a lever and a tap on the firing pin of the ignition device. The launch chamber has nothing to do with the triggering of the ignition device by the trigger. Rather, when the trigger is actuated, another rocker arm is pivoted, which lifts the loading chamber from the loading position into the firing position via a roller. This lifting of the loading chamber does not contribute to the triggering of the ignition device, so that overall there is a complicated and therefore costly mechanism.

Gemäß der AT-A 26 115 und der US-A 658 010 gibt es auch schon Schußwaffen mit eigenen Abschußkammern, die ihrerseits den Laderaum bilden und zwischen einer Feuerstellung zum Auslösen eines Schusses und einer Ladestellung zum Aufnehmen der Patronen hin- und herbewegbar sind. Dabei können die Abschußkammern zum Verschießen von hülsenlosen Patronen einseitig offen oder zum Verschießen von hülsenbestückten Patronen beidseitig offen sein, doch müssen diese Abschu-ßkammern über einen federbeaufschlagten Kipphebelmechanismus der Abzugseinrichtung angetrieben werden, wobei sich gleichzeitig durch den, Abzug ein Schlagbolzen der Zündeinrichtung vorspannen und betätigen läßt, so daß sich wiederum eine recht komplizierte und unzuverlässige Mechanik ergibt und die Waffe insbesondere für den militärischen Einsatz vollkommen ungeeignet ist.According to AT-A 26 115 and US-A 658 010 there are already firearms with their own firing chambers, which in turn form the loading space and can be moved back and forth between a firing position for triggering a shot and a loading position for receiving the cartridges. The firing chambers for firing caseless cartridges can be open on one side or open for firing cased cartridges on both sides, but these firing chambers must be driven by a spring-loaded rocker arm mechanism of the trigger device, whereby a trigger pin of the ignition device is pretensioned and actuated by the trigger can, so that again results in a quite complicated and unreliable mechanics and the weapon is completely unsuitable, in particular for military use.

Wie aus der DE-B-24 01 543 oder der DE-C- 24 13 615 hervorgeht, wurde auch schon eine walzenförmige Abschußkammer vorgeschlagen, die drehbar im Gehäuse eingesetzt ist und die ihren Laderaum durch ein Verdrehen um einen Winkel von 90° aus der Lade- in die Feuerstellung bringt. Diese Drehkammern haben sich in der Praxis nicht bewährt, da sie nicht nur aufwendige Antriebs-, Steuerungs- und Abzugseinrichtungen verlangen, sondern vor allem große Schwierigkeiten beim Entladen bereiten, wozu die Einnahme einer eigenen Entladestellung oder gar ein Zurückstoßen der im Laderaum verbliebenen Hülse oder nicht gezündeten Patrone in das Magazin erforderlich ist.As can be seen from DE-B-24 01 543 or DE-C-24 13 615, a roller-shaped launching chamber has also been proposed, which is rotatably inserted in the housing and which turns its loading space by rotating it through an angle of 90 ° Loading into the firing position. These rotary chambers have not proven themselves in practice, since they not only require complex drive, control and extraction devices, but above all cause great difficulties during unloading, which is why the taking of their own unloading position or even knocking back the sleeve remaining in the loading space or not fired cartridge in the magazine is required.

Weiters sind auch bereits Schußwaffen bekannt, bei denen das Magazin selbst die Funktion einer Abschußkammer übernimmt, wobei diese Waffen, wie Revolver, drehbare Trommelmagazine oder gemäß der CA-A 056 631 und der FR-A 347 965 querverschiebbare Stangenmagazine aufweisen. Durch ein Vorwärtsbewegen der Magazine in einer gleichbleibenden Richtung kann auf diese Weise eine Patrone nach der anderen zum Abschuß vor den Lauf gebracht und über eine Zentriereinrichtung gezündet werden. Die Abschußkammer ist hier demnach kein eigentlicher Teil der Waffe, was vor allem Abdichtungsprobleme für den Laderaum mit sich bringt und, bedingt durch die leicht zu beschädigenden Magazine, in der Praxis häufig zu Klemmungen und anderen Funktionsstörungen führt.Furthermore, firearms are also already known in which the magazine itself takes over the function of a firing chamber, these weapons, such as revolvers, rotating drum magazines or, according to CA-A 056 631 and FR-A 347 965, rod magazines which can be displaced. By moving the magazines forward in a constant direction, one cartridge after the other can thus be fired in front of the barrel and fired via a centering device. The firing chamber is therefore not an actual part of the weapon, which in particular brings with it sealing problems for the loading space and, due to the easily damaged magazines, in practice often leads to pinching and other malfunctions.

Als Munition für diese bekannten Schußwaffen müssen außerdem wegen der fehlenden oder schwierigen Entladungsmöglichkeit die sich wenig bewährenden, hülsenlosen Patronen oder wegen der schlechten Laderaumabdichtung Patronen mit Metallhülsen verwendet werden, wobei vorteilhafte Patronen mit Kunsfstoffhülsen dafür vollkommen unbrauchbar sind.The ammunition for these known firearms must also be used because of the lack of or difficult discharge possibility, the little-proven, caseless cartridges or because of the poor loading space, cartridges with metal sleeves, whereby advantageous cartridges with plastic sleeves are completely unusable.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schußwaffe der eingangs geschilderten Art zu schaffen, die sich durch ihren besonders einfachen und funktionssicheren Aufbau auszeichnet, die aus vergleichsweise wenig und leicht herstellbaren Teilen besteht, eine Verkürzung der Baulänge erlaubt und sich auch bestens zum Verschließen von Patronen mit Kunststoffhülsen eignen.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a firearm of the type described, which is characterized by its particularly simple and reliable construction, which consists of comparatively few and easy to manufacture parts, allows a reduction in length and is also ideal for closing Cartridges with plastic sleeves are suitable.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß die Abschußkammer als Teil des Abzuges dient, daß Mittel vorgesehen sind zur Erzeugung von Bewegungsenergie für die Schiebebewegung der Abschußkammer von der Ladestellung in die Feuerstellung und daß die Abschußkammer durch ihre Bewegungsenergie beim Eintreffen in der Feuerstellung selbst die Zündeinrichtung zur Wirkung bringt.The invention solves this problem in that the firing chamber serves as part of the trigger, that means are provided for generating kinetic energy for the sliding movement of the firing chamber from the loading position to the firing position and that the firing chamber itself the ignition device by its kinetic energy when it arrives in the firing position brings effect.

Da die Abschußkammer dem Abzug zugehört und ihre kinetische Energie zum Zünden genützt wird, erübrigt sich ein eigener Schlagmechanismus zum Aufbringen der Zündenergie, wodurch nicht nur der Bau- und Konstruktionsaufwand sinkt, sondern auch Platz für eine Verkürzung der Baulänge gewonnen wird. Es fehlen komplizierte Hebelmechanismen und es verbleiben einfache, robuste Bauteile, welche ein rationelles und störunanfälliges, zum Verschießen jeder Art von Munition, vor allem auch von Patronen mit Kunststoffhülsen geeignetes Lade- und Abschußsystem ergeben.Since the firing chamber belongs to the fume cupboard and its kinetic energy is used to ignite, there is no need for a separate impact mechanism to apply the ignition energy, which not only reduces the construction and construction effort, but also saves space for shortening the overall length. Complicated lever mechanisms are missing and there remain simple, robust components which result in a loading and firing system which is rational and not susceptible to malfunction and suitable for firing any kind of ammunition, especially cartridges with plastic sleeves.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung kann ein Federantrieb zur Erzeugung der Bewegungsenergie vorgesehen sein. Weiterhin können an und für sich beliebige Zündeinrichtungen vorgesehen werden. Vorteilhafterweise kann jedoch die Zündeinrichtung aus einem quer zur Laufachse gerichteten, gehäusefesten Zündstift und einer diesem zugeordneten, radial in den Laderaum führenden Zündbohrung der Abschußkammer bestehen.In an advantageous development, a spring drive can be provided to generate the kinetic energy. Furthermore, any ignition devices can be provided per se. Advantageously, however, the ignition device can consist of a housing-fixed ignition pin, which is directed transversely to the barrel axis, and an ignition bore of the firing chamber, which is assigned to this and leads radially into the loading space.

Als Zündeinrichtung genügt dadurch ein einfacher, fester Zündstift im Gehäuse, welcher durch die Zündbohrung der ankommenden Abschußkammer in den Laderaum eindringt und dort auf den Randzünder einer entsprechend ausgebildeten Patrone aufschlägt, so daß die Abschußkammer beim Eintreffen in der Feuerstellung nicht eine Schlageinrichtung für den Zündstift auslöst, sondern gewissermaßen selbst auch Schlageinrichtung zum Aufbringen der Zündenergie ist. Für Patronen mit entsprechenden Randzündern entsteht so ein genauso einfaches wie effektvolles, funktionssicheres Zündsystem.A simple, fixed ignition pin in the housing is sufficient as the ignition device, which penetrates through the ignition hole of the incoming firing chamber into the loading space and there onto the edge fuse of a suitably designed Pa trone strikes, so that the firing chamber does not trigger a striking device for the ignition pin when it arrives in the firing position, but rather is itself a striking device for applying the ignition energy. For cartridges with appropriate edge detonators, this creates an ignition system that is as simple as it is effective and reliable.

Nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist bei Schußwaffen mit einem Federantrieb zur Bewegung der in der Ladestellung durch den Abzug fixierbaren Abschußkammer aus der Ladestellung in die Feuerstellung ein in Laufrichtung verschiebbar geführtes, über einen aus einer pulvergasbeaufschlagbaren Kolben-Zylindereinheit bestehenden Gasantrieb gegen die Kraft einer Rückstellfeder bewegbares Gleitstück vorgesehen, das zur Verschieberichtung schräg verlaufende und mit Mitnehmern der Abschußkammer zu deren Rückbewegung aus der Feuerstellung in die Ladestellung zusammenwirkende Steuerflächen aufweist. Durch die Kombination zwischen Federantrieb und Gasantrieb kommt es zu einem betriebssicheren Bewegungsablauf für das Laden, Schießen und Entladen, es wird eine robuste, störunanfällige Konstruktion erreicht und eine Automatisierung des Abschußvorganges ist problemlos möglich.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a firearm with a spring drive for moving the firing chamber which can be fixed in the loading position by the trigger from the loading position to the firing position is guided in the direction of travel so as to be displaceable, via a gas drive against the force of a piston-gas-actuated piston-cylinder unit Return spring movable slider is provided, which has oblique to the direction of displacement and interacting with drivers of the firing chamber for their return movement from the firing position into the loading position control surfaces. The combination of spring drive and gas drive results in a reliable movement sequence for loading, shooting and unloading, a robust, failure-resistant construction is achieved and automation of the firing process is possible without any problems.

Um dabei den Lade- und Entladevorgang schnell und zuverlässig durchführen zu können, trägt erfindungsgemäß das Gleitstück eine laufparallele, zur Abschußkammer hin frei vorragende, gegen die Kraft einer Ausstoßerfeder teleskopartig zusammenschiebbare Ausstoßerstange, die zum Laderaum der in Ladestellung liegenden Abschußkammer koaxial verläuft und durch die Gleitstückbewegung in den Laderaum einfahrbar ist. Bringt das Gleitstück die Abschußkammer nach Schußabgabe in die Ladestellung zurück, wird durch das Gleitstück auch die Ausstoßerstange in den Laderaum eingefahren und stößt die im Laderaum vorhandene Patronenhülse sicher aus, und zwar wegen des Fehlens einer Auszieherkralle od.dgl. unabhängig davon, ob eine Metall- oder Kunststoffhülse verwendet wird. Um die Bewegung der Ausstoßerstange auf die Abschußkammerbewegung einfach abzustimmen, ist die Ausstoßerstange teleskopartig zusammenschiebbar, wodurch außerdem während der Rückbewegung der Abschußkammer in die Ladestellung eine Vorspannung der Ausstoßerstange erfolgt, die dann beim Einfahren in den Laderaum eine Schlagwirkung auf die Patronenhülse ausübt und damit einen hemmungsfreien Entladevorgang gewährleistet.In order to be able to carry out the loading and unloading process quickly and reliably, the slider according to the invention carries a parallel ejector rod which projects freely towards the firing chamber and can be telescopically pushed against the force of an ejector spring, which extends coaxially with the loading space of the firing chamber in the loading position and through the slider movement is retractable into the hold. If the slide brings the firing chamber back into the loading position after the shot has been fired, the ejector rod is also moved into the loading space by the sliding piece and reliably ejects the cartridge case present in the loading space, because of the lack of an extractor claw or the like. regardless of whether a metal or plastic sleeve is used. In order to simply coordinate the movement of the ejector rod with the movement of the launcher chamber, the ejector rod can be telescopically pushed together, as a result of which, during the return movement of the launcher chamber into the loading position, the ejector rod is pretensioned, which then has an impact effect on the cartridge case when entering the loading space and thus has an uninhibited effect Unloading guaranteed.

Nimmt nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bei Schußwaffen mit einem der Abschußkammer in Ladestellung benachbarten Magazinansatz zum Anstecken eines Magazins das Gleitstück auf der der Ausstoßerstange gegenüberliegenden Seite der Abschußkammer einen dieser Ausstoßerstange entgegengerichteten Zuführer auf, der in der Ausgangslage den in Entladerichtung hinter der Abschußkammer liegenden Magazinansatz überdeckt und beim Entladen bis hinter eine dem Magazinansatz nachgeordnete Auswurföffnung zurückschiebbar ist, entsteht ohne großen Bau- und Konstruktionsaufwand zusammen mit der Entladeeinrichtung auch eine Ladeeinrichtung, da die Ausstoßerstange und der Zuführer eine Funktionseinheit bilden und die Rückbewegung des Gleitstückes nach dem Entladevorgang als Ladebewegung nutzbar ist. Der im Zuge des Entladens entsprechend weit nach hinten geschobene Zuführer kann beim Zurückfahren in die Ausgangslage die nächste Patrone dem Magazin entnehmen und in den Laderaum einschieben, so daß durch die Gleitstückbewegung nicht nur die Abschußkammer aus der Feuerstellung in die Ladestellung gebracht wird, sondern sich sofort auch die Abschußkammer entladen und dann wieder laden läßt. Abschußkammer, Magazinansatz und Auswurföffnung liegen in Laufrichtung hintereinander, wodurch auch ein weder links- noch rechtshändige Schützen störender Hülsenauswurf nach unten möglich ist.According to a further embodiment of the invention, in the case of firearms with a magazine attachment adjacent to the firing chamber in the loading position for attaching a magazine, the slide on the side of the firing chamber opposite the ejector rod receives one of these ejector rods opposite the feeder which, in the starting position, the magazine approach located behind the firing chamber in the unloading direction covered and during unloading can be pushed back behind an ejection opening downstream of the magazine attachment, a loading device is also created together with the unloading device without great construction and construction effort, since the ejector rod and the feeder form a functional unit and the return movement of the slider after the unloading process can be used as a loading movement . The feeder pushed far back in the course of unloading can take the next cartridge from the magazine and slide it back into the loading space when returning to the starting position, so that not only is the firing chamber moved from the firing position to the loading position by the slide movement, but immediately also unloads the launcher and then loads it again. The firing chamber, magazine attachment and ejection opening lie one behind the other in the direction of travel, which means that sleeve ejection downwards, which is neither left nor right-handed, is possible.

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand in einem Ausführungsbeispiel rein schematisch veranschaulicht, und zwar zeigen

  • Fig. I eine erfindungsgemäße Schußwaffe im Längsschnitt und die
  • Fig. 2 bis 5 verschiedene Phasen des Funktionsablaufes dieser Schußwaffe anhand von mit Fig. I vergleichbaren Schnittdarstellungen.
In the drawing, the subject matter of the invention is illustrated purely schematically in one exemplary embodiment, specifically showing
  • Fig. I a gun according to the invention in longitudinal section and the
  • Fig. 2 to 5 different phases of the operational sequence of this firearm on the basis of sectional views comparable to Fig. I.

Eine nur schematisch angedautete Schußwaffe I mit Gehäuse 2 und Lauf 3 weist eine eigene Abschußkammer 4 auf, die einen vom Lauf 3 getrennten Laderaum 5 bildet. Die Abschußkammer 4 ist in einer Gehäuseführung 6 quer zur Laufachse verschiebbar geführt und läßt sich zwischen einer oberen Feuerstellung zum Auslösen eines Schusses und einer unteren Ladestellung zum Laden und Entladen hin- und herbewegen, wobei der Laderaum 5 in der Feuerstellung koaxial zum Lauf 3 liegt und einerends unmittelbar am Lauf 3 angrenzt, andernends durch eine feste Verschlußwand 7 des Gehäuses 2 verschlossen ist. In der Ladestellung hingegen befindet sich der Laderaum 5 außerhalb des Lauf- und Verschlußwandbereiches und ist beiderends zugänglich. Durch diese querbewegbare, den Laderaum 5 aufnehmende Abschußkammer 4 und die dadurch gegebene Möglichkeit, die Bewegungsenergie dieser Abschußkammer zum Aufbringen der Zündenergie nutzen zu können, ergibt sich ein ganz neues Funktionsprinzip für die Schußwaffe I, das zu einer wesentlichen Vereinfachung der gesamten Konstruktion, einer Verringerung des Herstellungsaufwandes, einer Steigerung der Robustheit und Sicherheit gegen Störanfälligkeit, einer Verringerung der Baulänge usw. führt und darüber hinaus die optimalen Voraussetzungen zum Verschießen von Patronen mit Kunststoffhülsen bietet.A firearm I with a housing 2 and barrel 3, which is only schematically digested on, has its own firing chamber 4, which forms a loading space 5 which is separate from barrel 3. The firing chamber 4 is guided in a housing guide 6 displaceable transversely to the barrel axis and can be moved back and forth between an upper firing position for triggering a shot and a lower loading position for loading and unloading, the cargo space 5 being coaxial with the barrel 3 in the firing position and one immediately adjacent to the barrel 3, the other is closed by a fixed closure wall 7 of the housing 2. In the loading position, on the other hand, the loading space 5 is outside the running and closure wall area and is accessible at both ends. Through this transversely movable, the loading space 5 receiving firing chamber 4 and the resulting possibility to use the kinetic energy of this firing chamber to apply the ignition energy, a completely new operating principle for the firearm I results, which leads to a significant simplification of the entire construction, a reduction the manufacturing effort, an increase in robustness and security against susceptibility to malfunction, a reduction in overall length, etc. and, moreover, it offers the ideal conditions for firing cartridges with plastic sleeves.

Beim veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispiel dient als Zündeinrichtung ein fest im Gehäuse 2 sitzender, quer zur Laufachse gerichteter Zündstift 8, dem eine radiale Zündbohrung 9 der Abschußkammer 4 zugeordnet ist, durch welche Zündbohrung 9 der Zündstift 8 beim eintreffen der Abschußkammer 4 in der Feuerstellung bis zum Laderaum vordringen kann. Die Abschußkammer 4 wird in der Ladestellung durch einen nur angedeuteten Abzug 10 fixiert, wobei ein Federantrieb II für die Bewegung der Abschußkammer 4 aus der Ladestelung in die Feuerstellung sorgt.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the ignition device used is a firing pin 8 which is fixed in the housing 2 and is oriented transversely to the barrel axis and to which a radial ignition bore 9 of the firing chamber 4 is assigned, through which firing bore 9 the firing pin 8 penetrates into the loading position when the firing chamber 4 arrives in the firing position can. The launch chamber 4 is in the Loading position fixed by a trigger 10 only indicated, a spring drive II ensures the movement of the firing chamber 4 from the loading position in the firing position.

Zur Rückbewegung der Abschußkammer 4 in die Ladestellung ist ein Gleitstück 12 vorgesehen, das über einen Griff 13 oder einen Gasantrieb 14 gegen die Kraft einer Rückstellfeder 15 in Richtung der Laufachse gegen die Abschußkammer 4 zurückbewegbar ist und dabei mittels Steuerflächen 16, die mit Mitnehmern 17 der Abschußkammer 4 zusammenwirken, die Abschußkammer 4 zwangsweise aus der Feuerstellung in die Ladestellung zurückbewegen. Das Gleitstück 12 trägt außerdem eine Ausstoßerstange 18 und einen dieser entgegengerichteten Zuführer 19, so daß durch die Gleitstückbewegung auch gleichzeitig das Laden und entladen der Abschußkammer 4 erfolgt.To move the firing chamber 4 back into the loading position, a slider 12 is provided which can be moved back against the firing chamber 4 by means of a handle 13 or a gas drive 14 against the force of a return spring 15 in the direction of the barrel axis and thereby by means of control surfaces 16 which are connected to drivers 17 Launch chamber 4 cooperate, forcibly move the launch chamber 4 back out of the firing position into the loading position. The slider 12 also carries an ejector rod 18 and one of these opposing feeders 19, so that the loading and unloading of the firing chamber 4 is carried out simultaneously by the slider movement.

In Fig. 1 ist die ungeladene Schußwaffe I dargestellt, bei der die Abschußkammer 4 mit leerem Laderaum in der Ladestellung durch den Abzug 10 verriegelt wird. In dieser Ausgangslage befindet sich das Gleitstück 12 in seiner vorderen Endstellung und der Laderaum 5 liegt koaxial zwischen Ausstoßerstange 18 und Zuführer 19, der in dieser Lage einen Magazinansatz 20 mit eingesetztem Magazin 21 überdeckt. Zum Laden wird nun, wie in Fig. 2 angedeutet, das Gleitstück 12 über den Griff 13 zurückgezogen, wodurch der Zuführer 19 den Magazinansatz 20 freigibt, so daß die oberste Patrone 22 des Magazins 21 in die Bahn des Zuführers 19 hochgedrückt und beim Vorschnellen des Gleitstückes 12 aufgrund der Rückstellfeder 15 nach Loslassen des Griffes 13 durch den Zuführer 19 mitgenommen und in den Laderaum 5 eingeschoben wird. Die Waffe ist, wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, geladen und feuerbereit.In Fig. 1 the unloaded firearm I is shown, in which the firing chamber 4 is locked by the trigger 10 with an empty cargo space in the loading position. In this initial position, the slider 12 is in its front end position and the loading space 5 lies coaxially between the ejector rod 18 and the feeder 19, which in this position covers a magazine extension 20 with a magazine 21 inserted. For loading, as indicated in Fig. 2, the slide 12 is withdrawn via the handle 13, whereby the feeder 19 releases the magazine extension 20, so that the top cartridge 22 of the magazine 21 is pushed up into the path of the feeder 19 and when the Slider 12 is taken due to the return spring 15 after releasing the handle 13 by the feeder 19 and inserted into the loading space 5. As shown in Fig. 3, the weapon is loaded and ready to fire.

Durch Betätigen des Abzuges 10 wird die Abschußkammer 4 mit der geladenen Patrone 22 freigegeben und der Federantrieb II schnellt die Abschußkammer 4 aus der Ladestellung in die Feuerstellung. Dabei dringt der Zündstift 8 durch die Zündbohrung 9 in den Laderaum 5 und trifft dort den nicht weiter dargestellten Randzünder der Patrone 22, womit automatisch die Patrone gezündet und der Schuß ausgelöst wird, was in Fig. 4 angedeutet ist. Die entstehenden Pulvergase treiben das Geschoß 22a durch den Lauf 3, während die Patronenhülse 22b im Laderaum 5 zurückbleibt. Durch eine Verbindungsbohrung 14a zwischen Gasantrieb 14 und Lauf 3 beaufschlagen die Pulvergase, sobald das Geschoß über die Verbindungsbohrung 14a hinweg ist, den Gasantrieb 14, der seinerseits das Gleitstück 12 gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 15 nach hinten bewegt. Durch diese Bewegung erfassen die Steuerflächen 16 die Mitnehmer 17 und bringen die Abschußkammer 4 mit der leeren Patronenhülse 22b in die Ladestellung zurück, wo der Abzug 10 einrastet und die Abschußkammer 4 wieder fixiert. Während dieser Rückbewegung wird die Ausstoßerstange 18, die gegen die Kraft einer Ausstoßerfeder 18a teleskopartig zusammenschiebbar ist, zusammengedrückt und vorgespannt, bis sich der Laderaum 5 in der Ladestellung koaxial zur Ausstoßerstange 18 befindet, worauf die Ausstoßerstange 18 vorschnellt und die Patronenhülse 22b aus dem Laderaum 5 auswirft, wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt. Die Ausstoßerstange 18 schiebt dabei die Patronenhülse über das Magazin 21 hinweg bis zu einer nach unten gerichteten Auswurföffnung 23 im nur angedeuteten Schaftteil la der Schußwaffe I. Da mit dem Gleitstück 12 auch der Zuführer 19 zurückbewegt wird, gibt dieser Zuführer 19 einerseits den Weg zum Ausstoßen der Patronenhülse 22b frei und kann anderseits bei der Vorwärtsbewegung des Gleitstückes 12 nach dem Patronenhülsenauswurf entsprechend den Figuren 2 und 3 sofort wieder die nächste Patrone 22 aus dem Magazin 21 mitnehmen und in den Laderaum 5 einschieben. Die Waffe ist erneut geladen und feuerbereit.By actuating the trigger 10, the firing chamber 4 with the loaded cartridge 22 is released and the spring drive II rapidly shoots the firing chamber 4 out of the loading position into the firing position. The firing pin 8 penetrates through the firing hole 9 into the loading space 5 and hits the rim fuze of the cartridge 22 (not shown further), which automatically ignites the cartridge and triggers the shot, which is indicated in FIG. 4. The resulting powder gases drive the projectile 22a through the barrel 3, while the cartridge case 22b remains in the loading space 5. Through a connecting hole 14a between the gas drive 14 and barrel 3, the powder gases act as soon as the projectile is over the connecting hole 14a, the gas drive 14, which in turn moves the slide 12 against the force of the return spring 15 to the rear. By means of this movement, the control surfaces 16 grasp the catches 17 and bring the firing chamber 4 with the empty cartridge case 22b back into the loading position, where the trigger 10 engages and the firing chamber 4 is fixed again. During this return movement, the ejector rod 18, which can be telescopically pushed together against the force of an ejector spring 18a, is compressed and pretensioned until the loading space 5 is in the loading position coaxial with the ejector rod 18, whereupon the ejector rod 18 springs forward and the cartridge case 22b out of the loading space 5 ejects as shown in Fig. 5. The ejector rod 18 pushes the cartridge case over the magazine 21 up to a downward ejection opening 23 in the only indicated shaft part la of the firearm I. Since the slide 19 also moves the feeder 19 back, this feeder 19 on the one hand gives the way to eject the cartridge case 22b is free and, on the other hand, when the slide 12 moves forward after the cartridge case ejection according to FIGS. 2 and 3, it can immediately take the next cartridge 22 out of the magazine 21 and push it back into the loading space 5. The weapon is reloaded and ready to fire.

Claims (6)

1. A gun (1) comprising a housing (2), a barrel (3), a loading chamber (5) and a trigger (10) including ignition means, wherein an independent firing chamber (4), which is separated from the barrel, forms the loading chamber (5), which is guided in the housing (2) to be displaceable transversely to the barrel axis and movable back and forth between a firing position and a loading position, wherein the loading chamber (5) of the firing chamber (4) whilst in the firing position, is at one end coaxially adjacent to the barrel (3), and at the other end disposed in front of a breech wall (7) of the housing (2), and whilst in the loading position, is at both ends accessible from outside the barrel and breech wall region, and wherein the ignition device comprises a firing pin (8), which enters into the loading chamber (5) of the firing chamber (4) in its firing position, characterised in that the firing chamber (4) serves as part of the trigger (10), in that means are provided to generate motive energy for the sliding movement of the firing chamber (4) from its loading position into its firing position, and in that the firing chamber (4), due to its motive energy on arriving at the firing position, automatically activates the ignition means.
2. A gun according to claim 1, characterised in that a spring drive (11) to generate the motive energy is provided.
3. A gun according to claims 1 or 2, characterised ih that the ignition device consists of a firing pin (8) directed transversely to the barrel axis and secured to the housing, and, associated therewith an ignition bore (9) of the firing chamber (4), which bore leads radially into the loading chamber (5).
4. A gun according to claim 2 or 3, including a spring drive (11), for moving the firing chamber (4), fixed in the loading position by the trigger (10), from the loading position into the firing position, characterised in that provision is made for a sliding member (12), displaceably guided in the direction of the barrel by means of a gas drive (14), consisting of a powder-gas loadable piston cylinder unit, which sliding member is displaceable against the force of a return spring (15), and which has control surfaces (16), extending transversely to the displacement direction and co-acting with drivers (17) of the firing chamber (4) for returning same from the firing position to the loading position.
5. A gun according to claim 4, characterised in that the sliding member (12) has an ejector bar (18), parallel to the barrel, freely extending towards the firing chamber (4) and telescopically collapsible against the force of an ejection spring (18a), which ejector bar extends coaxially with the loading chamber (5) of the firing chamber (4) in its loading position, and which is driven into the loading chamber (5) by the movement of the sliding member.
6. A gun according to claim 4 and 5 including a magazine clip for attaching a magazine (21), characterised in that the sliding member (12) at the side of the firing chamber (4) opposite the ejector rod (18), receives a feeder (19), opposing said ejector rod (18), which, in its initial position, covers the magazine extension (20); extending behind the firing chamber, in the discharge direction, and whilst discharging, is returnable to an ejection aperture (23), arranged behind the magazine extension (20).
EP87890156A 1986-07-08 1987-07-06 Gun Expired - Lifetime EP0252902B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1844/86 1986-07-08
AT0184486A AT388449B (en) 1986-07-08 1986-07-08 FIREARMS

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EP0252902A1 EP0252902A1 (en) 1988-01-13
EP0252902B1 true EP0252902B1 (en) 1990-11-14

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US (1) US4739570A (en)
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AT (1) AT388449B (en)
AU (1) AU599394B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8703458A (en)
DE (1) DE3766169D1 (en)
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AT388238B (en) * 1986-12-19 1989-05-26 Steyr Daimler Puch Ag FIREARMS
AT391940B (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-12-27 Steyr Daimler Puch Ag FIREARMS
FR2665759B1 (en) * 1990-08-10 1994-09-02 Polverelli Roger FIREARM.
US6800472B2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2004-10-05 Genzyme Glycobiology Research Institute, Inc. Expression of lysosomal hydrolase in cells expressing pro-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester α-N-acetyl glucosimanidase

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR3001397T3 (en) 1992-09-11
DE3766169D1 (en) 1990-12-20
BR8703458A (en) 1988-03-22
ES2018853B3 (en) 1991-05-16
AU599394B2 (en) 1990-07-19
ATA184486A (en) 1988-11-15
US4739570A (en) 1988-04-26
AU7531387A (en) 1988-01-14
AT388449B (en) 1989-06-26
EP0252902A1 (en) 1988-01-13

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