EP2530042B1 - Lift - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an elevator, in particular an external elevator, as used for example as a construction hoist. The invention also relates to a method for assembling and disassembling such an elevator.

Exterior lifts are used, for example, on construction sites of building construction to transport people and material in the upper floors of the building to be built or renovated.

Such external lifts regularly have a guide which is fastened to one of the walls of the building and thus extends regularly in the vertical direction. The guide consists of one or two mast towers on which a car is movably mounted. The car serves to accommodate the persons to be transported or the goods to be transported.

The mast towers thus serve to guide the movement of the car, which may also represent a part of the drive train. As a rule, for this purpose at least one of the mast towers is provided with at least one toothed rack which extends in the longitudinal axial direction of the guide and in which a pinion of an electric traction drive engages. In such elevators, the travel drive is thus accommodated in the area of the car and is thus moved along with the car.

Due to the not inconsiderable performance of the drive of such elevators, these are almost invariably supplied via cables with electrical energy. In a car drive carried along with the car, the cable must therefore be of sufficient length to allow the car to move to its highest position on the guide. However, such lifts reach guide heights of up to several hundred meters, which places great demands on the storage and management of the cable. In particular, the cable must be safely stored in the area of a ground station of the elevator when the car is in a position relatively far down the guide. In some cases, several hundred meters of cable must be stored in a space-saving manner and in a manner that makes possible a problem-free lengthening or shortening of the cable section connecting the ground station to the car. Such lengthening and shortening must be possible in a variety of cycles, without damaging the cable and without the cable getting caught or intertwined. In addition, an uncontrolled cable movement should be avoided in the area of the ground station of the elevator, as this is associated with a significant risk to nearby people and material.

In many cases, the cables are simply more or less uniformly stored in a round, open-topped cable container, also called a cable tray.

An improved possibility for the storage of the non "required" portion of a cable of such an elevator is known from DE 20 2007 015 008 U1 known. There is provided to lay the cable designed as a flat cable meandering in a narrow container. This allows an extremely uniform storage of each not "required" section of the cable can be achieved, which also prevents entanglement or entanglement safely and requires little space.

Regardless of these benefits is the out of the DE 20 2007 015 008 U1 known type of leadership and storage of a cable is not optimal for a lift with a relatively high chassis usable. Especially for one such cable required long cable is heavily loaded during operation by the cyclic layering and stripping. This is especially true for the lower portion of the cable, which is loaded by the high weight of the long, overlying portion.

For these reasons, especially in elevators with a relatively high level of guidance, so-called cable cars are used, which have a deflection roller, over which the section of the cable extending between the car and the ground station is guided. The section of the cable coming from the ground station is fixed at about half the height of the chassis. The portion between the fixation and the car has a length that allows reaching the highest and lowest hold positions on the car's track. Uncontrolled swinging movements of the upper, i. the portion of the cable extending between the attachment and the car is prevented by the cable car.

A major advantage of this type of cable management is that in the area of the ground station no cable tray is required to accommodate the not depending on the position of the car each "required" portion of the cable. Rather, this section of the cable is guided in a loop over the pulley of the cable cart. A disadvantage of such a cable guide, however, is the essential effort in the assembly and disassembly of the elevator. During assembly or disassembly of the elevator, individual sections of the mast towers (mast segments) are successively put together from the car and connected or separated from each other. The cable car is de / mounted only after reaching about half the chassis height and the only possible fixation / release of the lower Kabeiabschnitts. Until then or from then the entire remaining length of the cable is stored in the area of the ground station. This not only requires a correspondingly generous space, but may also lead to damage to the cable, because this - for lack of an orderly storage, such as a cable tray according to the DE 20 2007 015 008 U1 permit - is stored relatively unsorted and therefore by the driving movements of the car during assembly / disassembly is piled up and stripped several times under relatively high wear.

Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to provide an improved elevator. In addition, an advantageous method for assembly or disassembly of such a lift should be specified.

This object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims and will become apparent from the following description of the invention.

The invention is based on the idea, a generic elevator, as he, for example, from the DE 20 2007 015 008 U1 is known to equip not only with a cable tray that receives the not required depending on the particular position of the car on the chassis cable section, but also provide along the guide movable cable carriage having at least one deflection (preferably a pulley) over which the cable extending from a ground station of the guide to the car is guided.

This embodiment of an elevator according to the invention has advantages, in particular during assembly and disassembly of the elevator, because it allows the cable to be safely and gently packed in the cable container (packed) until the cable cart is mounted, which preferably takes place shortly after reaching half the guide height. to store.

A method for assembling a lift according to the invention, whose guidance is successively extended by fitting individual guide segments up to a total length, wherein the guide segments are attached from the car traveling along the already existing guide section, is inventively characterized in that the cable car after reaching approximately (and preferably slightly more than) half the total length of the guide is mounted.

The cable can thus during assembly - according to the position of the car - pulled out of the cable container or stored in this. This can be provided until reaching about half the total length of the guide; Then, according to the invention, the assembly of the cable trolley, wherein it can be provided in advance that the cable is fixed to approximately half the height of the total length of the guide by means of a cable holder attached to the guide. Previously, the cable can be pulled out of the cable container so far that the car can reach the two end positions on the guide, without the fixation of the cable must be solved in the cable holder again.

After installation of the cable cart thus preferably no pulling / removal of the cable from / to the cable container more, but the - depending on the position of the car - each excess cable length is guided in a loop on the deflection of the cable cart. During operation of the fully assembled elevator, the cable container can thus "only" still have the task of receiving a possibly "unnecessary" section of the cable protected. Such an "unnecessary" section may result, for example, in that the cable used makes it possible to install a larger total length of the guide than is provided in individual cases.

A method for disassembling a lift according to the invention, whose guidance is successively shortened by removing individual guide segments from a total length, wherein the guide segments are removed from the car traveling along the still existing guide section, is inventively characterized in that the cable car before reaching from about (and preferably slightly more than) half the (original) total length of the guide is disassembled.

In a preferred embodiment of the elevator according to the invention can be provided that the cable cart is also guided on the guide. This can prevent this - for example, by Wind influence - is vibrated, which could be hindered cable management.

The cable car of the elevator according to the invention can be designed so that it is always arranged below the car. In particular, in this embodiment of the elevator can be provided that the cable container is displaceable or pivotable in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guide, whereby a collision of the cable cart with the cable tray can be prevented upon reaching the ground station.

Fig. 1:

in einer isometrischen Ansicht einen erfindungsgemäßen Aufzug in einer ersten Phase der Montage;

Fig. 2:

den Aufzug gemäß Fig. 1 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 3:

den Aufzug gemäß Fig. 1 in einer schematischen (Teil-)Aufsicht;

Fig. 4:

in einer isometrischen Ansicht den Aufzug gemäß Fig. 1 in einer zweiten Phase der Montage;

Fig. 5:

den Aufzug gemäß Fig. 4 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 6:

den Aufzug gemäß Fig. 4 in einer schematischen (Teil-)Aufsicht;

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1:

in an isometric view of an elevator according to the invention in a first phase of assembly;

Fig. 2:

the elevator according to Fig. 1 in a schematic side view;

3:

the elevator according to Fig. 1 in a schematic (partial) supervision;

4:

in an isometric view the elevator according to Fig. 1 in a second phase of assembly;

Fig. 5:

the elevator according to Fig. 4 in a schematic side view;

Fig. 6:

the elevator according to Fig. 4 in a schematic (partial) supervision;

The elevator shown in the drawings comprises a ground station 1, from which a guide 2 extends in the vertical direction. The guide 2 consists of individual guide segments which are interconnected. The guide segments are constructed as a framework of interconnected struts, with three parallel vertical struts 3 are provided, which are interconnected via a plurality of cross struts. The cross section of the guide 2 is triangular. On one side of the guide 2 is a Car 4 movably guided. For this purpose, a plurality of guide rollers 5 are provided which roll on the two corresponding vertical struts 3. The car 4 comprises a traction drive with two electric motors 6, the drive pinion engage in a rack 7, which is fixed to one of the vertical struts 3 and runs parallel thereto. By operating the electric motors 6, the car 4 can be moved along the guide 2.

The electric motors 6 are supplied via a cable 8 with electrical energy. The cable 8 extends between the car 4 and the ground station 1, where it can be connected to an electrical energy source. As a result of the movement of the car 4, the distance between the car 4 and the ground station 1 and, accordingly, the length of along the guide 2 extending ("required") cable section changes. The portion of the cable 8 which is not "required" as a function of the respective position of the car 4 should then be stored in such a way that the cable 8 is prevented from getting entangled or entangled and a friction-related wear is minimized. This takes place in the case of the illustrated elevator according to the invention by means of both a cable container 9 and a cable carriage 11 having a deflection device, specifically a deflection roller 10.

The Fig. 1 to 3 show the elevator during assembly and before the guide 2 has reached a height that corresponds to about half of the intended for later operation total length. For assembly, the individual guide segments are successively put together and connected to each other. This takes place from the car 4, wherein this is moved to the vicinity of the upper end of the already mounted guide section, so that (manually) another guide segment can be attached. The car 4 can only accommodate a limited number of guide segments. Therefore, after all previously loaded guide segments have been mounted, it must be moved back to the ground station 1 in order to be able to load new guide segments. Thus, the car 4 is already moved several times between the ground station 1 and the respective upper end of the guide 2 during assembly of the elevator. Here, the cable 8, whose length is designed so that it is suitable for the operation of the fully assembled elevator and thus having at least the planned total length of the guide 2, safely guided and (the not "required" section) are stored.

This is done during assembly up to about half the total length of the guide 2 (and preferably slightly more) with the help of the cable container 9. This has in the illustrated embodiment, a cuboid housing 12, whose (pointing towards the upper end of the guide) Top is open. The housing 12 of the cable container 9 is wider by a multiple than deep. As a result of this configuration of the cable container 9, the cable 8 can be laid down meander-shaped in the cable container 9, as shown schematically in FIG Fig. 2 is shown. The meandering cable storage in the cable container 9 is - by the stacking in the vertical direction - relatively space-saving, safe and connected to a relatively low cable wear.

The 4 to 6 show the elevator after more than half of the total length of the guide 2 has already been mounted. The elevator now also comprises the cable carriage 11, over the guide roller 10, a loop of the cable 8 is guided. The cable carriage 11 itself is - again via guide rollers - guided on the same vertical struts 3 of the guide 2, as the car 4, wherein the cable cart 11 is positioned below the car 4.

For the installation of the cable cart 11, the cable 8 is first pulled so far out of the cable container 9, that the pulled-out cable section allows reaching the two planned end positions of the car 4 on the fully assembled guide 2, and then just above half the guide height in a the guide 2 fixed cable holder 13 (see. Fig. 3 , where the guide is clearly shortened for reasons of clarity) fixed there. The portion of the cable 8 that extends between the cable holder 13 and the car 4, has a length which is greater than the distance between the cable holder 13 and the car 4, wherein the excess cable length depending on the respective position of the Car 4 changes. The excess cable length is guided in a loop over the guide roller 10 of the cable cart 11. In a method of the car 4, the cable 8 is then no longer pulled out of the cable container 9 or stored meandering in it. Rather, the required for the change in position of the car length compensation is compensated by a changing distance between the car 4 and the cable carriage 11. The cable carriage 11 moves in the same direction as the car 4, but - due to the simple deflection - with only half the speed. In the cable container 9 is then only one not required for reaching the intended total length of the guide cable section (see. Fig. 5 ).

Thus, the elevator with mounted cable cart 11 can reach the lowest position in the area of the ground station 1, it is necessary, the cable tray 9 from the in the Fig. 1 To remove position shown in order to avoid a collision with the guide roller 10 of the cable cart 11. This is achieved in the illustrated elevator in that the cable tray 9 about an axis which is parallel to the longitudinal axis 19 of the guide 2, is pivoted (by only about 20 cm), as in the Fig. 4 and 6 is shown (in the Fig. 4 the portion of the cable 8 lying between the cable container 9 and the cable holder 13 is not shown for reasons of clarity). The cable container 9 is for this purpose connected via a hinge 14 to the ground station 1 of the elevator.

The illustrated elevator is still provided with a plurality of cable guides 15 spaced apart from each other on the guide 2, which are also intended to prevent uncontrolled swinging of the cable. The cable guides 15 each comprise a rectangular frame whose side facing the car is formed from two elastically deformable partial struts. The cable is guided within the frame, which is dimensioned so large that the guide roller 10 of the cable cart 11 can drive through it. The two elastically deformable partial struts of the frame allow it to pass a the guide roller 10 supporting horizontal struts 16 of the cable cart 11 and a mounting bracket 17, via which the cable 8 is guided in a control box 18 of the traction drive.

Claims (10)

1. Hoist comprising a guideway (2), a car (4) which is movable along the guideway (2) and a cable (8) extending between the car (4) and a base station (1) of the guideway (2), wherein at least one section of the cable (8) is stored in a cable container (9) in the region of the base station (1), characterised in that the cable (8) is guided over at least one deflecting device of a cable trolley (11) which is movable along the guideway (2).
2. Hoist according to claim 1, characterised in that the cable trolley (11) is guided on the guideway (2).
3. Hoist according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cable container (9) is displaceable and/or pivotable in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guideway (2).
4. Hoist according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by a cable holder (13) fastened between the cable container (9) and the cable trolley (11) on the guideway (2) for fixing the cable (8).
5. Hoist according to claim 4, characterised in that the cable holder (13) is fastened at approximately half height on the guideway (2).
6. Hoist according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by one or more cable guides (15) arranged along the guideway (2).
7. Method for assembly of a hoist according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guideway (2) is extended by successive placement of individual guideway segments up to a total length, wherein the guideway segments are placed from the car (4) which is movable along the already existing guideway section, characterised in that after reaching approximately half the total length, the cable trolley (11) is assembled.
8. Method according to claim 7 characterised in that, until the assembly of the cable trolley (11), the cable (8) is pulled out of, or laid into, the cable container (9) dependent on the movement of the car.
9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that, for the assembly of the cable trolley (11), the cable (8) is pulled out of the cable container (11) up to the length necessary for reaching the total length of the guideway (2) and is then fixed by means of a cable holder (13) fastened to the guideway (2).
10. Method for disassembly of a hoist according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guideway (2) is shortened by successive removal of individual guideway segments starting from a total length, wherein the guideway segments are removed from within the car (4) which is movable along the still existing guideway section, characterised in that before approximately half of the total length is reached, the cable trolley (4) is disassembled.

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