EP2513346B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un produit en acier plat facilement formable - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un produit en acier plat facilement formable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2513346B1
EP2513346B1 EP10787425.7A EP10787425A EP2513346B1 EP 2513346 B1 EP2513346 B1 EP 2513346B1 EP 10787425 A EP10787425 A EP 10787425A EP 2513346 B1 EP2513346 B1 EP 2513346B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flat steel
steel product
steel
annealing
annealing treatment
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EP10787425.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2513346A2 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Warnecke
Manfred Meurer
Jens Kondratiuk
Marc Blumenau
Martin Norden
Thiemo Wuttke
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0257—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for producing a readily deformable, a C content of 0.1 to 0.4 wt .-% having flat steel product, in which the flat steel product is subjected in a continuous furnace to an annealing treatment.
  • a special difficulty is the hot forming of galvanized flat steel products to high- or high-strength steel components.
  • steel components usually based on zinc or a zinc alloy protective coating ensures sufficient cathodic corrosion protection.
  • a steel sheet provided with a metallic anticorrosive coating must be used for hot working and, if necessary, subsequently or in combination with hot working Hardening be heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the metal of the protective coating, so there is a risk of so-called "liquid metal embrittlement".
  • This embrittlement of the steel occurs when molten metal of the coating penetrates into the notches forming during the deformation on the surface of the respective flat steel product.
  • the liquid metal entering the steel substrate deposits there at the grain boundaries and thus reduces the maximum absorbable tensile and compressive stresses.
  • the decarburization tendency of a carbon-containing steel alloy results from the oxidation behavior of the dissolved carbon. Because of his big Agility, the carbon dissolved in the lattice tends to effusion during a heat treatment. Decarburization, which occurs depending on the C potential of the gas phase under which the heat treatment takes place, with or without simultaneous scaling, is therefore one of the oldest problems in the production and processing of steel.
  • decarburization can improve certain properties of a steel product.
  • a steel sheet which have a superior connection of the coating to the steel substrate and thereby should have high strengths with good deformability.
  • the steel sheet in question from 0.05 to 0.4 wt .-% C, 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of Si and 0.1 to 2.5 wt .-% Mn, balance Fe and consist of unavoidable impurities and be coated with a Zn layer having contents of 0.01 to 1 wt .-% A1. It should be present at the interface between the steel substrate and the Zn coating over a depth of the steel substrate of 2 microns oxide particles belonging to the group of Al, Si and Mn oxides.
  • the object of the invention was to provide a method which makes it possible in an economical manner to produce a readily deformable, high-strength or very high-strength steel flat product.
  • the above-stated object has been achieved according to the invention in that, in the production of a flat steel product, the steps specified in claim 1 are completed.
  • the process according to the invention for producing a readily deformable flat steel product which has a C content of 0.1-0.4% by weight, in particular less than 0.4% by weight, is based on the idea of the relevant flat steel product undergo an annealing treatment in a continuous furnace, which leads to surface layer decarburization.
  • the annealing treatment according to the invention is carried out under an annealing atmosphere containing 0.1 to 25 vol .-% H 2 , H 2 O and the balance N 2 and technically unavoidable impurities.
  • the dew point of the annealing atmosphere is in the range of -20 ° C and +60 ° C.
  • the ratio H 2 O / H 2 must be set at most equal to 0.957 in the annealing atmosphere in order to achieve an optimally decarburizing effect.
  • the flat steel product is further heated according to the invention in the course of the annealing to a holding temperature of 600-1100 ° C., at which it is kept under the atmosphere composed according to the invention for a holding time of 10 to 360 s.
  • the flat steel product obtained after the annealing according to the invention has a ductile boundary layer 10 to 200 ⁇ m thick, adjacent to its free surface, with a ductility which is greater than the ductility of the inner core layer of the flat steel product covered by the boundary layer.
  • the invention is thus based on the idea of producing a surface decarburization of cold-rolled steel flat products intended for cold or hot forming, i. Steel strip or sheet to be carried out so that the obtained after the annealing, the flat product has a ductile, typically ferritic, near-surface edge region of certain thickness on the first grain layers, which improves the forming properties of the steel product for both cold and for hot forming. In particular, the risk of cracking or notching on the surface of the steel product during its transformation is minimized.
  • edge decarburization of the near-surface microstructure can take place simultaneously with annealing conditioning of the steel surface for a subsequent application of a corrosion protection layer, it has a decoupled reaction mechanism.
  • the inventive method is characterized in particular by the fact that it can be carried out in a particularly economical manner using a continuous furnace.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the flat steel product after the annealing with a metallic protective layer is coated.
  • the invention makes use in particular of this variant of the method according to the invention that the risk of liquid metal embrittlement can be minimized by selectively modifying the near-surface region of the flat steel product for the liquid metal embrittlement susceptible temperature range can be shifted so that this does not coincide with the typical temperature range for hot forming.
  • the annealing carried out according to the invention is carried out simultaneously with the surface conditioning for the downstream surface refinement by controlling the near-surface carbon effusion via a heterogeneous annealing gas-metal reaction.
  • the annealing treatment in this case can include surface decarburization, surface conditioning and recrystallization of the base material and then the hot-dip coating can be carried out in-line following the annealing treatment in a continuous process sequence.
  • coating systems known per se on the steel substrate can be used which are based on Zn, Al, Zn-Al, Zn-Mg, Zn-Ni, Al-Mg, Al-Si or Zn-Al-Mg.
  • a steel strip which has been provided in a continuous annealing with a ductile decarburized surface layer according to the invention can subsequently be given a metallic, an inorganic-metallic or an organometallic coating by electrolytically coating e.g. coated with a Zn, a ZnNi or a ZnFe coating, by PVD or CVD deposition or by another metal-organic or metal-inorganic coating process.
  • the invention thus provides for hot-dip coating of the flat steel product in a work step which is carried out continuously following the annealing treatment.
  • the hot-dip coating can be carried out in a manner known per se as a fire coating, in particular hot-dip galvanizing.
  • oxidation of the surface of the flat steel product can be carried out before the fire coating.
  • the annealing treatment according to the invention may be followed by an over-aging treatment carried out in a conventional manner.
  • a flat steel product made by using a method according to the invention has a C content of 0.1-0.4% by weight and a 10-200 ⁇ m thick ductile edge layer facing the core layer of the present invention
  • Flat steel product has increased ductility.
  • the thickness of the ductile layer can be determined in a customary manner in accordance with the procedure defined in DIN EN ISO 3887.
  • the total decarburization depth is the distance from the surface to the point where the content of carbon is equal to that of the unaffected core region.
  • the ductile surface layer of a flat steel product produced according to the invention is characterized, at least near its free surface, typically by a ferritic microstructure.
  • a flat steel product produced according to the invention is suitable in the same way for cold and hot forming, wherein its particular advantages in particular in the hot forming of provided with a metallic protective layer, in particular a galvanized steel sheets or bands show.
  • the steels according to the invention intended for cold forming typically have a tensile strength of 500-1500 MPa.
  • steels which have a tensile strength of 900 to 200 MPa after hot working can be used for the hot forming.
  • the flat steel product according to the invention may first be heated to a heating temperature above its Ac1 temperature and then hot formed into the component.
  • the steel flat product according to the invention can also be heated without problems to a heating temperature which is at least equal to the Ac3 temperature of the flat steel product. Even with such a high heating temperature, the risk of embrittlement is minimized in a steel flat product produced according to the invention even if the flat steel product is provided with a metallic coating whose melting temperature is less than or equal to the heating temperature.
  • the ductility of the surface layer achieved by the surface-layer decarburization according to the invention prevents cracking and thus ensures that no molten metal of the coating can penetrate into the core region of the steel substrate.
  • the method according to the invention thus improves in particular the forming properties of surface-treated high / ultra-high strength flat steel products for both cold and hot forming, wherein flat steel products coated with a metallic protective coating according to the invention are particularly advantageously suitable for hot forming.
  • This is achieved in that, according to the invention, by means of a targeted annealing gas-metal reaction in a continuous furnace, an edge decarburization is induced, through which a ductile, typically ferritic, boundary layer is formed. This shields the solid, brittle steel base material against surface crack propagation during forming.
  • Table 2 step According to the invention Conventional annealing heating 10 K / s 10 K / s holding temperature 800 ° C 800 ° C hold time 120 s 60 s Annealing atmosphere Dew point 5% H 2 5% H 2 95% N 2 95% N 2 +5 ° C -30 ° C Cooling rate after holding 20 K / s 20 K / s Aging treatment Temperature of the overaging treatment 480 ° C 480 ° C Duration of overaging treatment 20 s 20 s Atmosphere of overaging treatment dew point 5% H 2 5% H 2 95% N 2 95 N 2 +5 ° C -30 ° C Cool to room temperature
  • Fig. 1 the micrograph of the sample produced from the steel MP and annealed according to the invention is shown. It can be clearly seen that as a result of the procedure according to the invention, a decarburised, near-surface microstructure region (boundary layer "R") has been established.
  • micrograph of the sample likewise produced from steel MP but subjected to a conventional annealing treatment shows no decarburized area ( Fig. 2 ).
  • GDOES Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometer
  • FIG. 3 clearly shows that the sample treated according to the invention has a pronounced decarburized edge layer R whose thickness is approximately 40 ⁇ m. By contrast, such a surface layer is not present in the conventionally treated sample.
  • the decarburized edge region R which was decarburized in the sample MP produced from the steel MP and heat-treated according to the invention has a microhardness of 163 HV and the non-decarburized core region K has a hardness of 255 HV.
  • The% ratio Hv R / Hv K of hardness Hv R of the decarburized edge region R to hardness Hv K of the core region K was thus 64%, which was well below that according to the invention for this ratio predetermined value of 75%.
  • the samples were surface-refined, zinc being electrolytically applied to the samples.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un produit en acier plat facilement formable qui présente une teneur en C allant de 0,1 à 0,4 % en poids, lors duquel le produit en acier plat est soumis à un traitement de recuit dans un four à passage continu, caractérisé en ce que
    le traitement de recuit est effectué sous une atmosphère de recuit qui contient de 0,1 à 25 % en volume de H2, de l'H2O et comme reste du N2, ainsi que des impuretés techniquement inévitables et qui présente un point de rosée compris entre -20 °C et +60 °C, auquel cas le rapport H2O/H2 de l'atmosphère de recuit est tout au plus égal à 0,957,
    et en ce que le produit en acier plat est chauffé, au cours du traitement de recuit, à une température de maintien allant de 600 à 1 100 °C, à laquelle il est maintenu pendant un temps de maintien de 10 à 360 s,
    de telle sorte que le produit en acier plat, obtenu après le traitement de recuit, présente une couche de bordure ductile d'une épaisseur allant de 10 à 200 µm, attenante à sa surface libre, d'une ductilité supérieure à celle de la couche de coeur du produit en acier plat, située à l'intérieur et recouverte par la couche de bordure.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le produit en acier plat est revêtu d'une couche métallique de protection après le traitement de recuit.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le produit en acier plat est revêtu par immersion dans une masse fondue dans une étape de travail effectuée en continu à la suite du traitement de recuit.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le produit en acier plat est revêtu au feu après le traitement de recuit.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'avant le revêtement au feu l'on procède à une oxydation de la surface du produit en acier plat.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le produit en acier plat est revêtu d'un enrobage métallique-organique.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le produit en acier plat est revêtu d'un enrobage métallique-inorganique.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en C du produit en acier plat est inférieure à 0,38 % en poids.
EP10787425.7A 2009-12-10 2010-12-03 Procédé de fabrication d'un produit en acier plat facilement formable Active EP2513346B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009044861A DE102009044861B3 (de) 2009-12-10 2009-12-10 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines gut umformbaren Stahlflachprodukts, Stahlflachprodukt und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einem solchen Stahlflachprodukt
PCT/EP2010/068831 WO2011069906A2 (fr) 2009-12-10 2010-12-03 Procédé de fabrication d'un produit en acier plat facilement formable et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce à partir d'un tel produit en acier plat

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2513346A2 EP2513346A2 (fr) 2012-10-24
EP2513346B1 true EP2513346B1 (fr) 2017-06-07

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EP10787425.7A Active EP2513346B1 (fr) 2009-12-10 2010-12-03 Procédé de fabrication d'un produit en acier plat facilement formable

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9234253B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2513346B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP2013513725A (fr)
CN (1) CN102652177B (fr)
DE (1) DE102009044861B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011069906A2 (fr)

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DE102009044861B3 (de) 2009-12-10 2011-06-22 ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG, 47166 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines gut umformbaren Stahlflachprodukts, Stahlflachprodukt und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einem solchen Stahlflachprodukt
WO2014037627A1 (fr) * 2012-09-06 2014-03-13 Arcelormittal Investigación Y Desarrollo Sl Procede de fabrication de pieces d'acier revêtues et durcies a la presse, et tôles prerevêtues permettant la fabrication de ces pieces
JP5626324B2 (ja) 2012-12-11 2014-11-19 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法
PT2984198T (pt) * 2013-04-10 2021-09-22 Tata Steel Ijmuiden Bv Produto formado por moldação a quente de chapa de aço com revestimento metálico, método de formação do produto, e banda de aço
DE102014109943B3 (de) 2014-07-16 2015-11-05 Thyssenkrupp Ag Stahlprodukt mit einer Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung aus einer Aluminiumlegierung sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102016117474A1 (de) * 2016-09-16 2018-03-22 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Karosseriebauteil mit reduzierter Rissneigung und Verfahren zur Herstellung
JP6916129B2 (ja) 2018-03-02 2021-08-11 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ホットスタンプ用亜鉛めっき鋼板およびその製造方法
US11920243B2 (en) * 2019-06-03 2024-03-05 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for manufacturing a sheet metal component from a flat steel product provided with a corrosion protection coating

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EP2513346A2 (fr) 2012-10-24
US20130180305A1 (en) 2013-07-18
CN102652177A (zh) 2012-08-29
CN102652177B (zh) 2015-01-21
WO2011069906A2 (fr) 2011-06-16
DE102009044861B3 (de) 2011-06-22
JP2016117948A (ja) 2016-06-30
WO2011069906A3 (fr) 2011-08-18
US9234253B2 (en) 2016-01-12
JP2013513725A (ja) 2013-04-22

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