Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
  • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
  • B30B11/228—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using pressing means, e.g. rollers moving over a perforated die plate
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
  • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
  • B30B11/20—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
  • B30B11/20—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring
  • B30B11/201—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring for extruding material
  • B30B11/202—Ring constructions
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
  • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
  • B30B11/221—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor extrusion dies
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

• the invention relates to a pelleting press for the production of pellets according to the preamble of claim 1.
• pellets also known as pellets or granules, from fines or compacted and / or molten material is already known.
• pellets respectively wood pellets, from
• comminuted biomass such as sawdust, dust or
• the raw material used is usually chipboard from the woodworking industry, but it is also possible to utilize freshly felled stocks or non-recoverable types of wood or waste in the woodworking industry.
• pelleting presses in which the material to be pressed is pressed by moving and / or active rolling rolls, also called roll-up rolls, through bores of a die. Through the holes, the material (biomass) is formed and discharged as strands from the holes. Holes are understood to mean all openings which, preferably of substantially cylindrical design, are arranged in a die for passage and shaping of the material. The holes can also have larger inlet areas (reductions) to improve the pressing process and be hardened or have hardened sleeves in the holes.
• Residual layer which can lead to incalculable machine-dynamic oscillations in the pelleting press.
• it may also form high-density coagulation of the biomass, which in turn further damage the rolling surface of the die and / or cause increased wear during passage through the holes.
• Production period occur.
• the preparation of a matrix itself can be done by a variety of procedural options, such as grinding / planing the entire die, build-up welding in depressions or drilling a local damage or a bore and inserting a closure or a sleeve in one
• the object of the invention is a pelleting press the
• the solution to the problem for a pelleting press is that for storage of the die in the direction of passage of the biomass after the die a substantially flat fitting to the die carrier plate is arranged and in the support plate at least one opening for releasing the holes of the die is arranged.
• a die made of high-quality material with as small a thickness as possible can now be carried out inexpensively.
• the matrix can therefore be produced from a high-strength, in particular low-wear and / or very expensive material, since it can be made and used with very little material and even hardened materials are conceivable, in particular the use of hardened purchased parts , which are cheap to buy and only need to be drilled to embrittlement prone or tending for vibration or permanent fracture matrices can be supported with an intermediate layer to the support plate, which is a
• a plastic plate is used for this purpose, which reduces or even prevents possible manufacturing inaccuracies or support problems on the support plate at the same time.
• the support plate in conjunction with a suitable die is characterized in this point in particular by the continuing possibility of replacing existing dies and their storage in pelleting presses. It would therefore be possible within the scope of the invention to retrofit existing pelleting presses and to subsequently install a matrix with a corresponding carrier plate.
• Matrizensegmente be improved and / or the pelleting press, it should be possible to use different height die segments with the same quality of the rolling surface.
• the present invention makes it possible for the die itself to be as thin as possible, approximately 30 to 100 mm high, preferably 40 to 80 mm high, and above all to be used without bending. Since this is sufficiently supported by the support plate, it can also be a very expensive material or a hardened steel or a very hard steel, or stainless steel, can be used. Also expensive chrome steel or
• the support plate or their breakthroughs does not extend the bores of the die insofar as they take on a shaping task with respect to the biomass, depending on the embodiment variant
• Breakthroughs could still be used as stops for a movable or rotating knife for splitting the strands.
• Other useful and possible embodiments are described below:
• the carrier plate can be arranged essentially at the abutting edges of the die segments and / or across the edges of the die.
• the latter is preferably useful for the desired narrow matrices.
• just the abutting edges of the die segments are supported by the support plate so that it can not come to deflections by the heavy or even several heavy rollers.
• Straight plastic deflections on a die lead to a bulging of the abutting edges and falling or
• an essential feature of the apertures of the carrier plate that they are as large as possible, possibly even introduced as grooves or recesses in the carrier plate, so that the static load capacity for the die is substantially sufficient and this no or only a harmless Deflection experiences. Nevertheless, it is useful according to a further embodiment, the openings substantially larger than the holes, the exiting strands or the pellets. If a mechanical
• a cutting device on the side facing away from the die side of the support plate can be arranged.
• the individual die segments be substantially identical or similar. This preferably applies to the arrangement of the holes, the geometry and / or the abutting edges to the adjacent die segments.
• the abutting edges of the die segments are arranged substantially parallel to the rolling line of the roll.
• the abutting edge is particularly preferably arranged substantially at an angle to the rolling line of the roller, wherein the angle can cover a range between 0 and 35 °.
• the joint edges of the die segments are designed as tongue-and-groove and / or zigzag and / or arrow-shaped connections.
• the above embodiments can be applied to a die, which consists of Matrizensegmenten which are arranged in a plane.
• the die would preferably be rectangular or circular.
• the die and / or the carrier plate is particularly preferably partially or completely hardened and / or made of hardened material.
• the support plate may consist of several carrier segments.
• the abutting edges of the carrier segments can essentially be in the position to each other and / or in their position from the abutting edges of the die segments Differentiate embodiment. This serves to improve the
• Support plate such that the deflection of the die should be less than 0.05 mm along the rolling line of the roller, inasmuch as the die has a width of 200 to 300 mm.
• Support plate may be arranged an insulating and / or damping intermediate layer. This intermediate layer can be replaced by another
• Intermediate layer can be supported for height compensation or is exchanged for a correspondingly thicker intermediate layer.
• Intermediate layer would be at least a plastic, an insulation, a
• Sheet metal and / or a hydraulic pad conceivable.
• the latter is adjustable in its effect.
• At least one hydraulic and / or pneumatic adjusting device can be arranged on the carrier plate between the die or the die segments. This can particularly preferably serve to form a uniform rolling surface from different high die segments.
• As an intermediate layer at least one plastic, an insulation, a metal sheet and / or a hydraulic pad would be conceivable.
• the latter is in its effect adjustable.
• the complete or partial replication of the perforations of the carrier plate is preferred. But it can also be simulated only the number and the position of the holes of the die.
• At least one bore is associated with a substantially larger opening in the carrier plate.
• the support plate may also consist of several segments in addition to the die, the corresponding more usual
• the support plate has substantially larger outer dimensions as the die. It also makes sense if between the support plate and the die at least one guide means for fixing the position and / or the
• Margin of the die is arranged to the support plate.
• a guide means may be at least one clamping sleeve and / or a side wall on at least a part of the edge of the die.
• the die substantially consists of a first material and the support plate (9) made of a second material, wherein the support plate relative to the die of a material of lower quality and / or lower hardness and / or greater thickness.
• the die is partially or fully cured and / or made hardened material and / or made of a carbonaceous material.
• the die itself can also consist of one or more composite components according to the prior art. It is particularly advantageous if the carrier plate is designed with such a high rigidity that a deflection of the die during operation of not more than 0.025 mm over a distance of 100 mm length occurs. For example, would mean that in a rotating in a plane roller roller in a pelleting press that
• Ring die with a rolling line of 250 to 350 mm substantially has a deflection of 0.05 mm, more preferably specified to 300 mm, a deflection of 0.05 mm.
• the matrix should be arranged with a height of about 30 mm to about 60 mm, preferably from 35 to 45 mm.
• a support plate 9 has a height of about 100 mm to about 200 mm, preferably from 125 to 175 mm.
• an application of the support plate in a ring die is conceivable, wherein the support plate is designed as a support ring and depending on the application of the ring die of the support ring is arranged outside or inside.
• FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rectangular multipart flat die and an underlying support plate in a pelleting press with a reversing roll;
• FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a multipart circular matrix with a multipart support plate arranged underneath in a pelleting press with a revolving roller
• Figure 5 is a simplified representation of possible abutting edges of
• Figure 7 is a simplified representation of an actively moving
• einjustierbaren adjusting device for the die segments or a die in a carrier plate
• Figure 8 is an enlargement of a partial section of Figure 7 showing a clamping sleeve.
• Figure 1 shows a plan view of a rectangular multi-part flat
• Die 4 which is placed on a support plate 9. On the die 4 rolls a roller 5 and / or the die 4 is connected to the support plate. 9
• the die 4 consists of the drawing of six
• Abutting edges 2 are arranged lying to each other.
• the angular arrangement of the abutting edges 2 at an angle 16 to the rolling line 14 of the roller 5 allows a smooth rolling on the die 4. It is irrelevant whether the die 4 is moved, or whether the roller 5 is moved and / or the roller fifth in addition to the direction of movement still has a self-propulsion for self-rotation.
• holes 13 are arranged, which preferably correspond to the openings 8 of the support plate 9.
• a larger aperture 8 corresponds to a plurality of holes 13, as shown in Figure 1 top left with the aid of a groove-shaped opening 8.
• the biomass 1 is scattered on the die 4, preferably in front of each roll 5), and pressed by the rolling roll 5 into the bores 13 in the direction of the passage direction 12.
• a residual layer 11 can form after passing through the roller 5.
• strands or pellets 10 form at the exit from the holes 13 at the Area side 20, which require further treatment or onward transport.
• FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the pelleting press 3, which now uses revolving rollers 5 and a circular die 4 of a plurality of die-like arranged die segments 7 to 7.
• the support plate forms the basis for a preferably thin die 4, which consists of several die segments 7 Also in the case of cake-shaped die segments 7 to 7 ", in the same embodiment it is possible to directly exchange damaged die parts and repair during operation.
• at least one die segment 7 to 7 “" " is preferably held in the area of the pelleting press 3 and, if necessary, exchanged after removal of a damaged die segment.
• Figure 4 shows again a sectional view, wherein in another
• the support plate 9, 9 ' is made in several parts, but has openings 8 for the passage of the pellets 10 in the direction of passage 12.
• FIG. 5 shows a number of exemplary possibilities for connecting die segments 7 to 7 "" in such a way that the rolling line 14 of the roll 5 is not identical to the alignment of the abutting edges 2 Bumper edge 2 as shown in the figure on the left can be formed as an arrow edge.
• rolls the roller 5 with its rolling line 14 does not abruptly on the abutting edge 2, but over a longer range.
• a zig-zag connection is shown between a plurality of die segments 7 to 7 '' Again, it will be apparent that the die segment 7 'can be readily lifted and replaced with a same or identical die segment after prolonged wear and polishing or
• Interposed layer 17 is inserted, which compensates for the difference in height to the adjacent die segments 7 and 7 ", so that the intermediate layer 17 abuts on the surface side 20.
• Embodiment is the die 4 in a kind of "surface groove" in the
• the guide means 21 can also be carried out otherwise.
• FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment, in which on the left side in the carrier plate 9 adjusting devices 18 are arranged, which in the Die segment 7 'are retracted with an original height and are extended accordingly in a die segment 7 lesser height to realize a flat rolling surface 19.
• adjusting devices 18 are arranged, which in the Die segment 7 'are retracted with an original height and are extended accordingly in a die segment 7 lesser height to realize a flat rolling surface 19.
• suitable intermediate layers can be provided as a force distribution.
• the adjusting devices 18 would make it possible to store the die and / or the die segments on a hydraulic cushion.
• Figure 7 is again an alternative to a
• Guide means 21 for fixing the position and / or the clearance of the die 4 to the support plate 9 is arranged. This can be at least one raised mounted or belonging to the support plate 9 side wall of the support plate 9, which is optionally present at regular intervals.
• the guide means 21 is cut left in the drawing and right further back standing on the support plate 9 as a plan view with reference numeral 21 'visible.
• the guide means 21 may in this case in one piece with the
• Carrier plate 9 executed and represent a survey or a bulge.
• an L-profile would be conceivable that overlaps the die 4 at least in the outer area.
• the guide means 21 can also as
• FIG. 8 shows, in a cut plan view, an enlargement of this blind bore 23 with an inserted clamping sleeve 22.
• Clamping sleeve 22 in this context has the advantage that thermal expansion of the die or fit inaccuracies can be readily absorbed without the clamping sleeve 22, in contrast to a bolt would shear off.
• the clamping sleeve consists of a type of tube that has an opening in the axial direction. Slight displacement does not deteriorate advantageously the result of the pelleting, as by the larger openings 8 than the
• the support plate 9 is not affected in the region of the abutting edge 2.
• the oblique holes 13 are not limited to this area or this application.
• a template preferably from a single steel.
• a so-called knife steel such as the X46Cr13 (1.4034), which represents a good balance between corrosion resistance, service life and brittle fracture susceptibility with a martensitic microstructure and stainless.
• the pelleting press 3 is particularly preferably suitable for the production of pellets 10 from biomass 1 for use in fireplaces, but can also be safely used in other areas.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
• Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=43283107

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (25)

• 2009
  • 2009-09-30 DE DE102009047811A patent/DE102009047811A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-09-30 RU RU2012117764/02A patent/RU2553177C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2010-09-30 WO PCT/EP2010/005984 patent/WO2011038918A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2010-09-30 KR KR1020127010947A patent/KR20120087141A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2010-09-30 EP EP10759826A patent/EP2483066A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-09-30 US US13/498,545 patent/US8888478B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-09-30 BR BR112012005178A patent/BR112012005178A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2010-09-30 CA CA2772705A patent/CA2772705A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-09-30 CN CN201080044981.XA patent/CN102695606B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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