EP2454431B1 - Strap for pivotally connecting a leaf to a frame - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a band for the pivotable connection of a wing to a frame, in particular a door leaf to a door frame, with a housing attachable to the frame and with a fastened to the wing pivot bracket which is mounted in the housing.

Such a band is from the EP 1 400 646 B1 known. It serves to be concealed in the rebate of the combination of frame and sash profiles. As a result, it is not visible from the outside, whereby the optical impression given by the frame / wing combination over conventional bands is improved and whereby the band is secured against external attack with the wing closed. Such covertly arranged bands are thus characterized by a visible from the outside bands improved security against burglary.

To a hidden tape even in so-called Aufdeckanordnungen in which frame and / or wing profiles have projections that cover the other profile outside partially closed with the wing closed, can use the pivot axis in the housing of the frame member when pivoting along in provided opposite walls provided, guide surfaces having guideways movable. This causes the wing when pivoting not only around the Pivot axis pivoted, but also shifted relative to the rebate space to the outside. A collision of the Aufdeckanordnung causing projections with the other profile is thereby prevented in a variety of profile combinations.

In the from the EP 1 400 646 B1 previously known band, the guideways are arranged in lids of the housing, which are bolted to the rest of the housing. They serve to accommodate slides, in which in turn the pivot axis is mounted.

A disadvantage of this band, that a substantial part of the holding and actuating forces must be introduced via the guideways in the frame. It is therefore necessary, on the one hand, to make the covers sufficiently stable. On the other hand, a snug fit after screwing must be ensured, which in practice requires pinning between the covers and the housing. In addition, the band is difficult to assemble due to the large number of components and also quite complicated in its production due to the required for the mobility of the pivot axis teeth on the housing and the swivel bracket.

The US 2,767,425 discloses a belt having the features of the preamble of claim 1, wherein the pivot bracket has a guide slot formed between a guide surface formed by the pivot bracket itself and a concentric surface of a guide plate. This guide plate is screwed by means of a screw with the swivel bracket. The guide surface and the guide plate clamp a guide element between them by the spring plate is pressed against the guide element spring-loaded. For heavy doors or high operating stresses, this band is not suitable because the guide plate can stand out by overcoming the spring force and thus the swivel bracket can develop uncontrollable game.

A very similar to the aforementioned document embodiment of a tape is from the EP 1 538 290 A2 in which the guide plate by means of two parallel arranged screws is connected to the swivel bracket. Nevertheless, this embodiment is unsuitable for heavy doors use, since the absorption forces are concentrated on the area relatively small guide plate and also relatively thin-walled guide plates can quickly tend to bending.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a tape for concealed installation, which is characterized by a simple assembly of its components and its high load capacity. In addition, the band should be relatively inexpensive to produce.

This object is achieved by the reproduced in claim 1 band. Characterized in that the swivel bracket comprises a guide slot with concentric guide surfaces and the housing a guide element on which the guide surfaces are guided, so that the swivel bracket relative to the housing along the path predetermined by the guide slot is displaceable, describes the swivel bracket during pivoting through the curvature the trajectory slot defined trajectory, so that the wing when opening receives a component of movement, which in the closed state facing each other, the fold region forming sides of the wing and the frame away from each other. The tape of the invention is therefore also suitable for Aufdeckanordnungen. Due to the leadership of the guide slot on the guide element of the housing, a two-dimensional force transmission between the swivel bracket and the housing can be realized, so that the tape is also suitable for high loads. Since the pivot axis of the hinge bracket is stationary, no complex teeth or separately mounted sliders are required, which has a positive effect on the associated with the production of the tape according to the invention effort.

The high load capacity is achieved in particular by the fact that according to the invention, the swivel bracket comprises an approximately quarter-band part, which by means of a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart screws, the guide element in each case in a slot-shaped opening enforce, is attached. The approximately quarter-bar-shaped design of a hinge part on the one hand ensures great stability, since the hinge part can be solid, without undermining the maximum achievable opening angle. On the other hand, the plurality of screws allows a band pitch, which leads to a sufficient guidance of the hinge bracket, without requiring a wear-increasing Federkraftbeaufschlagung.

A tape, which is also suitable for concealed installation, is from the EP 887 501 B1 known. In this band, the hinge bracket is curved in a circular arc and engages in a circular arc-shaped groove in a holding part. In this embodiment, as the opening angle increases, the area over which forces are transmitted between the wing and the frame decreases. This is especially of considerable disadvantage, as the highest forces are to be expected just when the wing is open.

According to the band according to the invention, the guide surfaces of mutually facing sides are selectively formed fastened to each other or separable components of the swivel bracket. As a result of this measure, the band according to the invention can be joined together particularly simply by firstly bringing the one component into contact with the guide element and then fastening the other component in the case of separate components.

The attachment is done with the help of screws. The screws pass through the guide element in extending in the direction of elongated hole-shaped openings, so is a complete swinging out of the guide slot beyond the guide member out, which would lead to a separation of the pivot bracket of the housing effectively prevented.

The slot-shaped openings may therefore preferably be dimensioned and arranged such that their ends the displacement path to which the Swivel bar relative to the housing is displaceable, limit. Due to the design of the slot-shaped openings, in other words, the maximum opening angle of the wing can be limited to a desired value. Doorstop arrangements, which can be unsightly and pose a risk of tripping, are therefore no longer necessary.

In order to prevent jamming and to reduce the wear of the strip according to the invention, the guide surfaces are preferably each provided with a support of a friction-reducing material. The support may be a separate component. However, it is also possible to produce the support by a firmly applied to the guide surfaces layer or a chemical or physical processing of the guide surfaces.

The hinge bracket can be designed to be split parallel to the hinge axis and comprise a guide part having the guide slot and a fastening part having a leg for attachment to the wing. Due to this measure can be pre-assembled on the frame on the one hand and on the wing on the other hand to be fastened assemblies of the band and then the wings are mounted in the frame by mounting guide and fastening part together with not yet assembled guide and mounting hardware.

In a particularly preferred development of the split-shaped hinge strap, the latter further comprises a device which makes possible a displacement of the guide and fastening parts relative to one another parallel to the hinge axis and fixation of these two parts in a desired position. An adjustment of the wing in the frame parallel to the hinge axis, also called "vertical adjustment", is then possible in a simple manner.

In order to facilitate the joining of the guide and fastening parts in preassembled modules, a recess is provided in at least one of the end faces of the hinge bracket in a particularly preferred development, in which at a certain opening position of the hinge bracket on the housing displaceable arranged locking element can be brought into engagement. Due to this configuration, the guide member can be locked in the predetermined open position during the assembly operation of the wing, so that it does not have to be manually held during this process. This also reduces the risk that personnel injured during installation of the wing, for example, by pinching a finger between the housing and hinge bracket.

Thus, the band according to the invention can be used with differently shaped wings in a simple manner, a mounting member for attachment to the wing is preferably provided, which is designed for mounting of the provided for attachment to the wing leg of the hinge bracket. Only the mounting part must then be adapted to the conditions imposed by the wing, for example to the dimension of an existing recess. It is also possible to hold different sized, adapted to different standard situations mounting hardware.

In order to easily accomplish an adjustment perpendicular to the hinge axis, also called "horizontal adjustment", can be provided between the leg and the mounting part at least one spacer. The horizontal adjustment can then be made by changing the number of spacers or by the use of spacers of different thickness. The spacers may preferably be made of thermally insulating material to avoid unnecessary cold spots.

Due to the guidance of the guide element provided on the housing on the guide surfaces of the guide slot provided on the swivel bracket, a low-backlash guidance of the hinge bracket in the housing is already ensured. However, in order to facilitate the assembly of the tape according to the invention and to improve the leadership functionality again, in a preferred embodiment of the tape according to the invention, the housing comprises at least one guide track extending concentrically with the guide slot into which a guide extension connected to the hinge bracket engages in a guiding manner. Due to this as a result of mechanical overdetermination of the hinge bracket is already positioned in the housing before the guide surfaces forming components of the pivot bracket are assembled. An arduous Inpositionhalten of housing and swivel bracket during assembly is thus avoided. In addition, the game between the pivot bracket and the housing is reduced by the additional guide when opening or closing the wing, which wings with smaller gaps to the frame can be realized.

It is particularly preferred to provide in the housing two guideways on opposite sides, wherein in each guideway engages an extension, as a result of this measure the band of the invention as it were used for left and right hinged wings and the game between the swivel bracket and the housing again can be reduced.

In order to be able to introduce forces into the guideways to reduce the load, the extensions are preferably formed in a circular arc.

In order to reduce wear, the guideways and / or the extensions can also comprise supports made of a friction-reducing material.

The swivel bracket is formed in the particularly preferred embodiment is substantially U-shaped, wherein the one free leg of the U forms an abutment side for the wing, on the other free leg of the guide surfaces is formed. Here, the guide surface in an initially separate, then connected to the swivel bracket component, or be incorporated into the swivel bracket itself.

Fig. 1

das erste Ausführungsbeispiel in einer perspektivischen Explosionsdarstellung;

Fig. 2

dasselbe Ausführungsbeispiel wie in Fig. 1 in derselben Perspektive, jedoch im zusammengefügten Zustand an einer Flügel/Rahmenkombination;

Fig. 3

dasselbe Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes wie in Fig. 2 in einem Schnitt gemäß Schnittebene A-A in Fig. 2, jedoch im geschlossenen Zustand des Flügels;

Fig. 4

dieselbe Ansicht wie in Fig. 3, jedoch bei um etwa 90° geöffnetem Flügel;

Fig. 5

das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel in einer perspektivischen Explosionsdarstellung;

Fig. 6

dasselbe Ausführungsbeispiel wie in Fig. 5 in einem Schnitt gemäß Schnittebene B-B in Fig. 5, jedoch im geschlossenen Zustand;

Fig. 7

dieselbe Ansicht wie in Fig. 6, jedoch bei um den maximalen Öffnungswinkel von etwas über 90° geöffnetem Flügel;

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Ansicht des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes im zusammengefügten Zustand in Schließposition, wobei der obere Teil des Gehäuses entlang der schraffierten Ebene gebrochen dargestellt ist, sowie

Fig. 9

dieselbe Ansicht wie in Fig. 8, jedoch bei um etwa 90° geöffnetem Flügel.

In the drawing, two embodiments of the band according to the invention are shown schematically. Show it:

Fig. 1

the first embodiment in an exploded perspective view;

Fig. 2

same embodiment as in Fig. 1 in the same perspective, but in the assembled state on a wing / frame combination;

Fig. 3

the same embodiment of the tape according to the invention as in Fig. 2 in a section according to sectional plane AA in Fig. 2 , but in the closed state of the wing;

Fig. 4

the same view as in Fig. 3 , but at about 90 ° open wing;

Fig. 5

the second embodiment in an exploded perspective view;

Fig. 6

same embodiment as in Fig. 5 in a section according to sectional plane BB in Fig. 5 , but in closed condition;

Fig. 7

the same view as in Fig. 6 , but at the maximum opening angle of just over 90 ° open wing;

Fig. 8

a perspective view of the second embodiment of the tape according to the invention in the assembled state in the closed position, wherein the upper part of the housing is shown broken along the hatched plane, as well as

Fig. 9

the same view as in Fig. 8 , but at about 90 ° open wing.

That in the Fig. 1 to 4 as a whole with 100 designated first embodiment of the tape according to the invention comprises a housing 1, which is approximately trough-shaped and has the shape of a cuboid. On the narrow sides 2 of the housing 1 over the outer contour of protruding collar 3 are formed, each serving two holes 4 for the passage of a respective fastening screw 5.

In the Fig. 1 Longitudinal side of the housing shown on the left is formed by a guide element 6, which has the shape of a longitudinally bisected, cylindrical tube in cross section. The guide element 6 comprises three elongated holes L spaced from each other, slot-shaped openings. 7

At both ends, where the guide member 6 meets one of the narrow sides 2, ie according to Fig. 1 above and below, the guide member 6 is surrounded by a respective concentric to him formed guideway 8, which is formed to the interior 9 of the housing 1 open.

Furthermore, the band 100 comprises a swivel bracket 10, which has an approximately U-shaped cross-section. The in Fig. 1 shown left, free legs 11 includes two holes 12 for the passage of a respective fastening screw 13, the attachment of the leg 11 to a wing F (s. Fig. 2 ) serves.

At the other, to the leg 11 approximately parallel free leg 14, a concave guide surface 15 is formed, the radius of curvature of the convex side 16 of the guide member 6 corresponds. The guide surface 15 carries a support 17 made of a friction-reducing material.

Furthermore, the swivel bracket 10 comprises an approximately quarter-rod-shaped component 18, whose convex side 19 has a radius of curvature which corresponds approximately to the radius of curvature of the concave side 20 of the guide element 6. On the concave side 20 three spaced apart in the direction of the longitudinal axis L pads 21 are provided from a friction friction reducing material, which reduce the friction between the component 18 and the convex side 20 of the guide member 6.

On the leg 14 of the swivel bracket 10 according to Fig. 1 formed on top and bottom and a continuation of the guide surface 15 in the direction of the longitudinal axis L forming projections 22 which are formed in a circular arc such that they form with the guideways 8, which in turn are provided with sliding friction reducing pads 23, sliding fits.

The component 18 is screwed to the leg 14 with the aid of three screws 24, which each comprise a spacer 25. The screws 24 pass through the leg 14 in each case in a bore 26 and the guide element 6 in one of the slot-shaped openings 7. The screws 24 are engaged in corresponding threaded bores 28 of the component 18
ubt, wherein they pass through the supports 21 in slot-shaped openings 29 and the support 17 in holes 30. The spacers 25 are dimensioned such that they are flush with the concave side of the support 30.

The convex side 19 of the component 18 forms a guide surface 31, which forms a guide slot 32 with the guide surface 15 of the leg 14, which slidably cooperates with the guide element 6 (see in particular FIG. 3 and 4 ).

Accordingly, in the mounted state of the belt 100, the guide surface 15 cooperates with the convex side 16, the guide surface 31 with the concave side 20 of the guide element slidably together. At the same time, the projections 22 also engage in a sliding manner in the guide tracks 8, so that the swivel bracket 10 is guided exactly on the housing 1. Since the screws 24 pass through the slot-shaped openings 7, the ends of which can form stops 27 which limit the maximum opening angle of the pivoting bracket 10 and thus of the wing F to the housing 1 and thus to the frame R. The pivoting of the swivel bracket 10 takes place about a pivot axis S, which is located within the frame R approximately at the lateral edge of the housing 1.

That in the Fig. 5 to 9 shown, denoted as a whole with 200 second embodiment of the tape according to the invention comprises a housing 101, which is also approximately trough-shaped and has the shape of a cuboid. On the narrow sides 102 projecting beyond its outer contour collar 103 are formed, each serving two holes 104 for the passage of a respective fastening screw 105. Further, in each collar 103 is close the edge of the trough-shaped part 101 'of the housing 101 is provided approximately centrally a further bore 104', through which, if necessary, in each case a further, not shown in the drawing fastening screw in the frame R can be screwed.

In the Fig. 5 Right side of the housing 101 shown on the right is formed by a guide element 106, which has the shape of a longitudinally bisected in the longitudinal direction, cylindrical tube in cross section. The guide element 106 comprises three longitudinally spaced holes L, 107 spaced apart from each other.

The guide member extends up and down to flat boundary surfaces 108th

Furthermore, the belt 200 comprises a swivel bracket 110, which has a guide part 133 and a fastening part 134.

To the guide member 133, a concave guide surface 115 is formed, whose radius of curvature corresponds to the convex side 116 of the guide member 106. The guide surface 115 is coated with a non-recognizable in the drawing edition of friction-reducing material.

Furthermore, the swivel bar 110 comprises an approximately quarter-bar-shaped component 118 whose convex side 119 has a radius of curvature which corresponds to the radius of curvature of the concave side 120 (see FIG. Fig. 8 ) corresponds. On the convex side 120 of the component 119 four supports 121 are applied spaced from friction friction reducing material, which reduce the friction between the component 118 and the convex side 120 of the guide member 106.

The component 118 is screwed to the guide part 133 with the aid of three screws 124, which each comprise a spacer 125. The screws 124 pass through the component 119 in each case in a bore 126 and the guide element 106 in one of the slot-shaped openings 107. The screws 124 are screwed into corresponding threaded bores 128 of the guide part 133. The length of the spacers 125 is selected to be only slightly longer than the material thickness of the guide element 106, and the diameter corresponds substantially to the width of the slot-shaped openings 107.

The convex side 119 of the component 118 forms a guide surface 131, which forms a guide slot 132 with the guide surface 115 of the guide part 133, which slidingly cooperates with the guide element 106, in other words: which slidably receives the guide element 106 about the hinge axis S (see FIG. Fig. 6 to 9 ).

Accordingly, in the mounted state of the band 200, the guide surface 115 cooperates with the convex side 116, the guide surface 131 with the concave side 120 of the guide element slidably together. Since the screws 124 pass through the slot-shaped openings 107, their ends can form stops 127 which limit the maximum opening angle of the pivoting bracket 110 and thus of the wing F to the housing 101 and thus to the frame R. The pivoting of the swivel bracket 110 takes place about a pivot axis S, which is located within the frame R approximately at the lateral edge of the housing 101.

At the front ends of both the component 118, as well as the guide member 133 pads 135 are mounted approximately circular cross-section of gleitreibungsreduzierendem material. They slide on actuation of the belt 200 on the respectively adjacent boundary surface 108 from.

As in particular in Fig. 5 can be seen, the guide member 133 comprises on its side facing the fastening part 134 two mutually spaced apart in the direction of the hinge axis extensions 136 which at their free end portions thickening 137 (see also 6 and 7 ). The fastening part 134 is provided with a groove 138 which is designed to be complementary in cross-section to the extensions 136. It has on the guide part 133 side facing an insertion opening 139 which extends from the center about the same length to the front side Ends of the fastening part 134 extends and through which one of the extensions 136 in the groove 138 can be inserted.

A positive connection between the guide part 133 and the fastening part 134 is achieved by displacing the two parts parallel to the hinge axis relative to each other after insertion of one of the extensions 136 into the opening 139, so that both extensions are in positive engagement with the groove 138.

In order to be able to fix the guide part 133 and the fastening part 134 in engagement with one another, the end regions of the groove 138 are provided with threaded bores into which threaded spindles 140 can be screwed. An adjustment parallel to the hinge axis (vertical adjustment) can be done by out or inward turning of the threaded spindles 140.

The band 200 further comprises a mounting part 141 whose contour is adapted to a recess T in the wing. It comprises a plurality of bores 142, which serve for the passage of fastening screws 143 for screwing to the wing F.

Furthermore, threaded holes 144 are provided on the mounting part 141, which serve to screw in machine screws 145 for the purpose of screwing the fastening part 134 on the mounting part 141.

Between the fastening part 134 and the mounting part 141, a spacer 146 is provided, which consists of a thermally insulating material. For the purpose of adjusting the band perpendicular to the hinge axis (horizontal adjustment) spacers 146 can be used in different numbers or different thickness.

The division of the pivoting bracket 110 into the guide part 133 and the fastening part 134 has the advantage that the frame-side module B1 and the wing-side module B2 are preassembled on the frame and on the wing can. To attach the wing, it is then only necessary to put together the guide and fastening parts 133, 134 of the bands as described.

In order for the guide part 133 not to be held manually in an open position during this process, recesses 147 are machined on the end faces of the guide part, into which locking elements 148 bolted to the housing 101 can be pivoted in a specific open position. The locking elements have their in Fig. 5 away from the viewer side facing each have a projection which is engageable in two recesses 149 on the housing 101 in engagement. Projection and recesses are arranged so that the projection in the position locking the guide part 133 in the one recess in which the guide member 133 is releasing position in the other recess.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100,200

tape

1,101

casing

101 '

tub-shaped part

2, 102

narrow sides

3, 103

collar

4, 104, 104 '

drilling

5, 105

fixing screw

6, 106

guide element

7, 107

openings

8th

guideway

9

Interior

10, 110

swivel bracket

11

leg

12

drilling

13

mounting screws

14

leg

15, 115

guide surface

16, 116

convex side

17, 117

edition

18, 118

component

19, 119

convex side

20, 120

concave side

21, 121

pads

22

projections

23

pads

24, 124

screw

25, 125

spacer

26, 126

drilling

27

attacks

28, 128

threaded holes

29

openings

30

drilling

31, 131

guide surface

32, 132

guide slot

108

boundary surface

133

guide part

134

attachment portion

135

pads

136

projections

137

thickening

138

groove

139

opening

140

threaded spindles

141

mounting part

142

drilling

143

mounting screws

144

threaded holes

145

machine screws

146

spacer

147

recesses

148

locking elements

149

recesses

A-A

level

B-B

level

F

wing

L

longitudinal axis

R

frame

S

swivel axis

T

recess

Claims (12)

1. Hinge (100, 200) for pivotally connecting a leaf (F) to a frame (R), in particular a door leaf to a door frame, comprising a housing (1, 101) that can be fastened to the frame (R), and comprising a pivoting bracket (10, 110) that can be fastened to the leaf (F) and is mounted in the housing (1, 101), the pivoting bracket (10, 110) comprising a guiding slot (32, 132) having guiding surfaces (15, 115; 31, 131), and the housing (1, 101) comprising a guiding element (6, 106) on which the guiding surfaces (15, 115; 31, 131) are guided such that the pivoting bracket (10, 110) is movable relative to the housing (1, 101) along the path provided by the guiding slot (32, 132), the guiding surfaces (15, 115; 31, 131) being formed by mutually facing sides (19, 119; 20, 120) of components (18, 118; 14, 114) of the pivoting bracket (10, 110) that can optionally be fastened to or separated from one another, a concave guiding surface (15) being integrally formed on a free limb (14) of the pivoting bracket as a first component, the radius of curvature of which corresponds to the convex side (16) of the guiding element (6), and the pivoting bracket (10, 110) comprising a second component (18, 118) of which the convex side (19) has a radius of curvature that corresponds approximately to the radius of curvature of a concave side (20) of the guiding element (6), and which is fastened to the pivoting bracket (10, 110) by means of a screw (24, 124) that passes through the guiding element (6, 106) in a slot-like opening (7, 107) that extends in the direction of movement, characterized in that the second component (18) is approximately in the form of a quarter round, the second component (18) being fastened to the pivoting bracket (10, 110) by means of a plurality of aforementioned screws (24, 124) which are mutually spaced in the longitudinal direction (L) of the guiding element (6, 106) and which each pass through the guiding element (6, 106) in an aforementioned slot-like opening (7, 107) that extends in the direction of movement.
2. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the slot-like opening (7, 107) is dimensioned and arranged such that the ends thereof delimit the movement path by which the pivoting bracket (10, 110) is movable relative to the housing (1, 101).
3. Hinge according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the guiding surfaces (15, 115; 31, 131) and/or the guiding element (6, 106) comprise supports (17, 117; 21, 121) made of a material that reduces sliding friction.
4. Hinge according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hinged bracket (110) is divided in parallel with the hinge axis (S) and comprises a guiding part (133), which has a guiding slot (132), and a fastening part (134), which has a limb (111) for fastening.
5. Hinge according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a recess (147) is provided in at least one of the end faces of the hinged bracket (110), in which recess a locking element (148) that is movably arranged on the housing (101) can be engaged when the hinged bracket (110) is in a particular open position.
6. Hinge according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a mounting part (141) for fastening to the leaf (F) and for mounting the limb (111).
7. Hinge according to claim 6, characterized in that a spacer (146) is provided between the limb (111) and the mounting part (141).
8. Hinge according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the housing (1) comprises at least one guiding track (8) which extends concentrically to the guiding slot (32) and in which a guiding projection (22) connected to the hinged bracket (10) engages in a guiding manner.
9. Hinge according to claim 10, characterized in that the housing comprises two guiding tracks (8) on opposite sides (2), and in that a projection (22) engages in each guiding track (8).
10. Hinge according to either claim 8 or claim 9, characterized in that the projections (22) are arcuate.
11. Hinge according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the guiding tracks (8) and/or the projections (22) comprise supports (23) made of a material that reduces sliding friction.
12. Hinge according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the pivoting bracket (10, 110) is substantially U-shaped, one free limb (11, 111) forming a contact side for the leaf (F), and a guiding surface (15, 115) being formed on the other free limb.

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