EP2446507A1 - Verfahren zum helfen beim steuern einer antenne, dieses verfahren verwendende servosteuerantenne und mobiles endgerät mit einer solchen antenne - Google Patents
Verfahren zum helfen beim steuern einer antenne, dieses verfahren verwendende servosteuerantenne und mobiles endgerät mit einer solchen antenneInfo
- Publication number
- EP2446507A1 EP2446507A1 EP10725750A EP10725750A EP2446507A1 EP 2446507 A1 EP2446507 A1 EP 2446507A1 EP 10725750 A EP10725750 A EP 10725750A EP 10725750 A EP10725750 A EP 10725750A EP 2446507 A1 EP2446507 A1 EP 2446507A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- radiating elements
- pointing
- radiating
- reception
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/002—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing at least two patterns of different beamwidth; Variable beamwidth antennas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of assisting the pointing of an antenna and an assisted pointing antenna implementing this method. It applies in particular to the field of satellite communications and more particularly for broadband applications using nomadic terminals, that is to say transportable, but usable in a fixed position.
- Satellite data communication systems require the use of antennas that are correctly oriented relative to the satellite.
- the pointing of the antenna must be realized with a precision of the order of the degree, even a few tenths of a degree, which can not be achieved manually without using means of pointing aid.
- antennas whose pointing is aided by mechanical means.
- a rough score is manually performed by the user, for example by operating the antenna in rotation so as to pre-position it with respect to the satellite. Then the user performs a small scan in site and azimuth to determine the maximum level of signal received from the satellite.
- the antenna is equipped with a sound signal generator whose frequency is proportional to the level of the received signal. Intuitively, the user locates the maximum reception level corresponding to the center of the antenna lobe.
- This technique is implemented on terminals operating in Ku-band and equipped with bulky parabolic antennas whose size is of the order of 60 to 70 cm in diameter.
- Other flat antennas are equipped with an electronic pointing mechanism, such as, for example, antennas using the process known as "conical scan".
- a rough score is manually made by the user, for example in rotating the antenna so as to pre-position it with respect to the satellite.
- the manual pointing thus achieved is located in an estimated error cone of the order of plus or minus ten degrees around the actual position of the satellite.
- a pointing aid is then performed electronically by an automated algorithm that successively scans all the angular domains included in the uncertainty cone, and calculates for each domain, the energy level received with respect to the noise. to derive the precise direction of the satellite.
- the search for the satellite is done via a signal received on a radiofrequency channel of the satellite or a signal coming from a beacon and makes it possible to define the angles of pointing in site and in azimuth which must be given as set the attenuators and phase shifters of the electronic antenna in order to point the antenna beam correctly.
- This technique makes it possible to perform a pointing aid and acquisition of the carrier of the satellite in a correct way, but has the disadvantage of requiring a large number of controls with an antenna comprising a large number of phase shift modules and formation of bundles and be very complex and very expensive to implement, which is unacceptable for use with low-cost terminals such as desktops.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method of assisting the pointing of an antenna, preferably of planar type, not having the drawbacks of known methods and assisted pointing antennas, comprising means for assisting pointing. simple to implement and at a lower cost and to achieve a fine score, quickly and reliably.
- the invention relates to a method of assisting the pointing of an antenna, consisting in using an antenna comprising a plurality of radiating elements distributed over a surface of a radiating panel, characterized in that it consists of:
- a first step to activate only first radiating elements situated in a first central part of the radiating panel, to manually provide a pre-score of the antenna in elevation and in azimuth, in a direction corresponding to a maximum level of reception of a signal emitted by a satellite; in a second step, then simultaneously activating the first radiating elements and at least the second radiating elements situated in a second part of the radiating panel surrounding the first central portion and manually refine the pointing direction of the antenna in elevation and in azimuth.
- the second step comprises at least two sub-steps of successively activating an increasing number of radiating elements from the first central part towards the second part and then towards a peripheral part of the radiating panel surrounding the second part up to the second part. acttvation of all the radiating elements of the antenna and, at each substep, manually refine the pointing direction of the antenna in site and in azimuth.
- the activation of the radiating elements of the antenna is achieved by manually actuating at least two switching means.
- the pointing direction of the antenna is adjusted at each step by actuating verniers adjusting in rotation about two axes respectively in elevation and in azimuth.
- the maximum level of reception of the signal emitted by the satellite is determined by viewing a light signal or by hearing a sound signal, the light signal - or sound depending on the reception level.
- the invention also relates to an assisted pointing emission and reception antenna for implementing the method according to one of the preceding claims, the antenna comprising a plurality of radiating elements distributed over a surface of a radiating panel. , characterized in that it further comprises at the reception: first activation means for activating only first radiating elements situated in a first central part of the radiating panel,
- At least second activation means for at least second radiating elements located in a second part of the radiating panel surrounding the first central part, and at least a first means for combining the signals received by the radiating elements activated by the first and the second activation means, manual adjustment means for pre-pointing the antenna and for fine-tuning the pointing in azimuth and in a direction corresponding to a maximum level of reception of a transmitted signal by the satellite.
- the first and second activation means are microwave switches.
- the adjustment means are step verniers.
- the antenna further comprises, on reception, third activation means for activating third radiating elements situated in a third peripheral part of the radiating panel surrounding the second part and at least one second means for combining the signals received by the radiating elements activated by the first, the second and the third activation means.
- the invention also relates to a mobile terminal comprising an assisted pointing antenna.
- FIG. 1 a, 1 b two diagrams of an example of an antenna comprising a radiating panel, according to the invention
- FIG. 2a a diagram of an enlargement of the central part of the antenna of FIG. 1, according to the invention
- FIGS. 2b, 2c, 2d a diagram of an example of a spot radiated by the central part of the antenna and two corresponding radiation patterns, according to two orthogonal planes between them, according to the invention
- FIG. 3a a diagram of an enlargement of the central part and of an intermediate part of the antenna activated simultaneously, according to the invention
- FIGS. 3b and 3c two radiation patterns in two planes orthogonal to each other, corresponding to the central part and to the intermediate part of the antenna activated simultaneously, according to the invention
- FIGS. 4a and 4b two radiation patterns in two planes orthogonal to one another, corresponding to the activation of all the radiating elements of the antenna, according to the invention
- FIG. 5 an example of architecture of an antenna, according to the invention.
- the method of assisting the pointing of an antenna comprises at least two successive steps, the first step makes it possible to acquire a signal derived from a satellite, for example of the geostationary type, and to realize pre-pointing the antenna in the direction corresponding to a maximum energy level of this signal.
- the pre-pointing is achieved by activating only a few radiating elements of the antenna located at the center of the radiating panel so as to obtain a radiated beam, called a spot, having a broad radiation pattern, and therefore not very directional, and a low gain, which makes it possible to obtain a fast but coarse manual score with a low precision, so with a large margin of error.
- the second step makes it possible to refine the pointing direction and thus reduce the margin of error.
- the score is refined by activating a greater number of radiating elements from the center to the periphery of the radiating panel of the antenna, so as to obtain a finer spot and therefore more directional.
- the second step can be split into several successive sub-steps.
- the number of radiating elements activated from the center to the periphery is, from one substep to the next, successively more and more important until the activation of the complete antenna, which allows to obtain more and more directive spots and to refine more and more the score achieved in successive sub-stages.
- two or three steps are sufficient.
- the pointing aid method is applied to an antenna of A4 format.
- three steps are sufficient to obtain a positioning of the radio axis of the antenna towards the satellite with a precision of the degree.
- the antenna example diagrammatically shown in FIG. 1a comprises a radiating panel 10 consisting of an array of radiating elements 12 of patch type.
- FIG. 1b shows an example of distribution of the radiating elements of the antenna into fifteen subassemblies, called base bricks 11, each base brick 11 comprising thirty two radiating elements 12 arranged in a rectangular configuration.
- the directivity of each radiating element may be of the order of 9 dBi and the directivity of a basic brick may be of the order of 24 dBi.
- the pre-pointing of the antenna is done manually using for example a receiver type GPS (in English: Global Positioning System) and a compass.
- the GPS receiver is used to determine the local geographic coordinates of the terminal, ie longitude and latitude, and to calculate the angular orientation required in site and azimuth so that the antenna can receive a signal from the satellite to acquire whose longitude is known by the terminal when it is first implemented.
- the longitude of the satellite is given by the operator when offering services.
- the signal received from the satellite can come either from a beacon on board the satellite or as a carrier transmitted in a satellite communication channel.
- the compass gives the direction of the geographic North which allows to orient, approximately, the antenna in site and in azimuth.
- the method then consists in aligning the direction of the maximum radiation of the central base brick of the antenna with respect to the direction of the satellite.
- the radiation pattern of the beam radiated by this central part of the antenna gives the order of magnitude of the pointing accuracy that it is possible to 'get. Due to a choice of a rectangular central zone, the spot radiated by this central zone, represented for example in FIG. 2b, is elliptical and its widths at -1OdB according to two perpendicular sectional planes XZ and YZ 1 are respectively equal.
- Z being the direction of an axis normal to the surface of the radiating panel
- X and Y being orthogonal axes located in the plane of the radiating panel and respectively corresponding to the main axes of the antenna in site and in azimuth
- the alignment procedure of the antenna with respect to the satellite is continued by using verniers of adjustment of the rotating antenna around of the two X and Y axes and energy level indicators of the signals received by a receiver of the antenna, so as to position the antenna in the direction of the maximum energy of the radiation pattern of the central part of the antenna.
- the energy level indicators can be, for example, light signals emitted by light-emitting diodes or sound signals emitted by a buzzer.
- the adjustment verniers preferably comprise a stepwise rotation drive device.
- the central part of the antenna corresponding to the central base brick and an intermediate part of the antenna comprising four additional bricks surrounding the central brick are activated simultaneously.
- these five bricks form, in this example, a cross-shaped design.
- the directivity of the operational part of the antenna is then improved and of the order of 31 dBi with respect to the directivity of the only central part used in the first step and consisting of a single basic brick which is the order of 24 dBi.
- FIGS. 3b and 3c the fact of using a larger part of the antenna makes it possible to obtain a more directional radiation pattern, hence with an amplitude comprising greater variation slopes which will make it possible to refine again the score.
- the alignment procedure of the antenna with respect to the satellite is continued by using the verniers of adjustment of the antenna in rotation around the two axes X and Y and the level indicators of the signals received by a receiver of the antenna, so as to position the antenna in the direction of the maximum of the radiation pattern of the activated zone of the antenna comprising the central part and the intermediate part.
- the accuracy of the normal alignment of the antenna towards the satellite is approximately 2.6 ° according to the XZ plane, and 1, 3 ° according to the YZ plane, as shown in Figures 3b and 3c.
- the complete panel of the antenna comprising the fifteen basic bricks is activated.
- the directivity of the complete panel is improved compared to the cases of the two previous steps where only part of the panel is activated.
- the directivity of the complete panel is of the order of 35.8 dBi.
- the fact to activate all the radiating elements of the antenna panel makes it possible to obtain a more directional radiation pattern than in the preceding steps and to refine the pointing once more.
- the alignment procedure of the antenna with respect to the satellite is continued using the same method of adjustment as in the previous steps, by means of the adjustment verniers and received signal levels so as to position the antenna in the direction of the maximum of the radiation pattern of the complete radiating panel.
- the final accuracy of the alignment of the antenna normal toward the satellite is about 1 ° in the XZ plane, and 0.8 ° in the YZ plane, as shown in Figures 4a and 4b.
- the precision obtained is of the order of 1 °.
- the antenna is considered correctly pointed towards the satellite with a final pointing accuracy of plus or minus 0.5 ° according to the two axes in elevation and in azimuth.
- This pointing assistance strategy is very simple since each step uses only information delivered by a signal receiver and is performed manually by the user, iteratively and with increasing accuracy depending on the size of the antenna, only by actuating verniers of rotational adjustments around the two axes site and azimuth of the antenna in accordance with indications of level of the received signal.
- the number of steps used depends on the desired pointing accuracy and the operating frequency used. Typically, two or three steps are sufficient.
- the different parts of the radiating panel and the base bricks may have different shapes from those chosen in the embodiment described, but they must be made to form sets of radiating elements that can be activated successively from the center to the periphery of the radiating panel of the antenna.
- FIG. 5 represents an example of antenna architecture implementing the pointing aid method.
- This architecture has no search calculator of the optimum pointing direction.
- the activation of the different parts of the antenna to go from a step of the pointing assist method to the next step is controlled only by means of microwave switches whose position change is activated manually by the user, which limits the complexity and cost of realization of the antenna.
- signal combiners make it possible to combine the signals received by at least two different parts of the antenna.
- the pointing aid method comprises three successive steps and the radiating elements mounted on the radiating panel of the antenna are thus configured in three concentric subassemblies respectively constituting a central portion 1 of the antenna, an intermediate portion 2 surrounding the central portion 1, and an outer peripheral portion 3 surrounding the intermediate portion 2.
- the antenna comprises a transmission path and a reception path connected via diplexers 21, 22, 23, to each of the three portions of the radiating panel.
- the diplexers conventionally provide for the separation of the transmission channels. and reception.
- the reception channel comprises a signal receiver 30 connected to the different parts of the radiating panel of the antenna via a plurality of microwave switches 31, 32, 33, 34 and signal combiners 35, 36.
- the output of the receiver is connected to a modulation and demodulation interface 37.
- the central part 1 of the antenna is connected to a first switch 31 having a first position connected to the receiver 30 via a second switch 32 and a second position. connected to a first signal combiner 35.
- the first signal combiner 35 has two inputs connected respectively to the intermediate part 2 and to the central part 1 of the antenna when the first switch 31 is in the second position and an output connected to the receiver 30 through a third switch 33 having a first position connected to the second switch 32 and a second position connected to a second signal combiner 36.
- the second signal combiner 36 has two inputs respectively connected to the outer peripheral part 3 of the antenna and to the output of the first signal combiner 35 when the third switch 33 is in the second position and an output connected to the receiver 30 by the intermediate of a fourth switch 34 and the second switch 32.
- a reception mode operation during the initial phase of acquiring the signal of a satellite and pointing the antenna towards the satellite, the successive activation of each of the three subassemblies 1, 2, 3 of radiating elements of the antenna is performed by the user only by successively changing the position of one or more microwave switches 31, 32, 33, 34 connected to the signal receiver 30.
- the terminal has the authorization of only when the antenna is correctly pointed.
- the modulation and demodulation interface 37 which is intended to shape a signal! to be transmitted, is connected to an amplifier 38, then to a signal divider 39 which divides the signal to be transmitted into three components respectively applied at the input of each of the three parts 1, 2, 3 of the antenna via the diplexers respective 21, 22, 23.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0903134A FR2947388B1 (fr) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | Procede d'aide au pointage d'une antenne, antenne a pointage assiste mettant en oeuvre ce procede et terminal nomade comportant une telle antenne |
PCT/EP2010/058700 WO2010149605A1 (fr) | 2009-06-26 | 2010-06-21 | Procédé d'aide au pointage d'une antenne, antenne à pointage assisté mettant en oeuvre ce procédé et terminal nomade comportant une telle antenne |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2446507A1 true EP2446507A1 (de) | 2012-05-02 |
EP2446507B1 EP2446507B1 (de) | 2014-11-12 |
Family
ID=41812447
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10725750.3A Not-in-force EP2446507B1 (de) | 2009-06-26 | 2010-06-21 | Verfahren zum helfen beim steuern einer antenne, dieses verfahren verwendende servosteuerantenne und mobiles endgerät mit einer solchen antenne |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2446507B1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2527217T3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2947388B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010149605A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015048998A1 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2015-04-09 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | A device and a method for antenna alignment |
US10756443B1 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2020-08-25 | Cth Lending Company, Llc | Methods for formation of antenna array from sub-arrays |
CN111277309B (zh) * | 2020-01-21 | 2023-05-05 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | 客户前置设备 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2703190B1 (fr) * | 1993-03-26 | 1995-05-12 | Alcatel Espace | Structure rayonnante à directivité variable. |
US6307507B1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-10-23 | Motorola, Inc. | System and method for multi-mode operation of satellite phased-array antenna |
US7224685B2 (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2007-05-29 | Ipr Licensing, Inc. | Method of detection of signals using an adaptive antenna in a peer-to-peer network |
WO2004082070A1 (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-09-23 | Nortel Networks Limited | System and method of operation of an array antenna in a distributed wireless communication network |
JP2006333069A (ja) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Hitachi Ltd | 移動体用アンテナ制御装置およびアンテナ制御方法 |
-
2009
- 2009-06-26 FR FR0903134A patent/FR2947388B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-06-21 EP EP10725750.3A patent/EP2446507B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-06-21 ES ES10725750.3T patent/ES2527217T3/es active Active
- 2010-06-21 WO PCT/EP2010/058700 patent/WO2010149605A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010149605A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2947388A1 (fr) | 2010-12-31 |
FR2947388B1 (fr) | 2012-05-18 |
ES2527217T3 (es) | 2015-01-21 |
WO2010149605A1 (fr) | 2010-12-29 |
EP2446507B1 (de) | 2014-11-12 |
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