EP0072316B1 - Antenne mit elektronischer Schwenkung und mehreren Eingängen und Radar mit einer solchen Antenne - Google Patents
Antenne mit elektronischer Schwenkung und mehreren Eingängen und Radar mit einer solchen Antenne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0072316B1 EP0072316B1 EP82401461A EP82401461A EP0072316B1 EP 0072316 B1 EP0072316 B1 EP 0072316B1 EP 82401461 A EP82401461 A EP 82401461A EP 82401461 A EP82401461 A EP 82401461A EP 0072316 B1 EP0072316 B1 EP 0072316B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- elementary
- auxiliary
- main
- sources
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
- H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling
- H01Q3/2629—Combination of a main antenna unit with an auxiliary antenna unit
- H01Q3/2635—Combination of a main antenna unit with an auxiliary antenna unit the auxiliary unit being composed of a plurality of antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/2658—Phased-array fed focussing structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multi-access access electronic scanning antenna and a radar comprising such an antenna.
- An antenna with electronic scanning consists, in a known manner, of radiating elementary sources and for each of them of a phase shift circuit whose phase angle can be adjusted using a control circuit. Changing the phase angles changes the pointing direction of the antenna.
- auxiliary antennas When a radar is equipped with an anti-jamming device, a sufficient number of auxiliary antennas are generally used so that each of them is pointed in the direction of a jammer. In this case, the signals from these auxiliary antennas are mixed, after their amplitude and their phase have been suitably adapted, with those from the main antenna in order to emulate the signals from the different jammers.
- This solution requires the use of a large and prohibitive number of auxiliary antennas equal to the number of jammers.
- phase shifters of the same rank corresponding to different accesses are mounted in parallel on the elementary source of the same rank, by means of a connection point allowing correct operation only for a single frequency.
- a multiple access electronic scanning antenna comprising a number "n” of elementary sources, said accesses each formed by a waveguide connected to these "n” sources by “n” variable phase shifters, the phase shifters of same rank “i” relating to the different accesses being mounted in parallel on the elementary source of the same rank "i”, is essentially characterized in that the connection points between the phase shifters and the elementary source of the same rank "i" consist of individually charged directional couplers.
- the elementary radiating sources will be designated in particular by S1 ... Si ..., Sn, these sources possibly being constituted for example by arrays as in FIG. 2, or dipoles as in FIG. 3.
- the scanning antenna electronics according to the invention being equivalent to a set of main and auxiliary antennas, we will also use the expressions "main antenna” and "auxiliary antenna”.
- auxiliary antenna To simplify the figures, only an auxiliary antenna has been shown, since the auxiliary beam is always formed according to the same principles by using part of the elementary energy received using a coupler.
- FIG. 1 represents an assembly composed of a main antenna and an auxiliary antenna according to the invention.
- the main antenna shown in this figure is an electronic scanning antenna on site formed by n elementary sources S1 ... Si ... Sn arranged on the focal line 8 of a cylindrical reflector 21 with parabolic director.
- Each of the elementary sources Si is associated with an adjustable phase shift circuit 28 Ci and a charged directional coupler Ci.
- the auxiliary antenna also consists of n elementary sources.
- the elementary source of order i of the auxiliary antenna comprises a phase shifter circuit 29 whose phase angle (pi is adjustable and a directional coupler C'i loaded.
- the phase shifter circuit 29 of order i is supplied by a part of the energy received by the elementary source of the same order Si from the main antenna, this energy being taken, before phase shift in the circuit 28, by a charged directional coupler C "i, disposed between the source Si and the phase shift circuit 28 ⁇ i, of corresponding order i.
- the energy of the beam from the main antenna is collected in a loaded waveguide 22 to which the elementary assemblies each formed by the association of a phase shifting circuit 28 and a directional coupler Ci, are connected through the couplers Ci.
- the energy of the beam of the auxiliary antenna is collected in a loaded waveguide 23, to which the elementary assemblies each formed by the association of a directional coupler C "i, of a phase shifting circuit 29 and d a coupler C'i are connected via couplers C'i.
- the load of the directional couplers Ci, C'i, C "i and the waveguides 22, 23 is designated respectively by 30 and 40.
- FIG. 2 represents a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
- the electronic scanning antenna of FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the elementary sources S1 ... Si ... Sn are constituted by a radiating assembly ensuring directly the focusing in bearing.
- the radiating elements are constituted by p helices h i1 ... h ij ... h ip supplied by a system of the espalier type, by guided division, carried by a network Pi. an networks P1 ... Pi ... Pn arranged in parallel.
- each of the radiating beams Pi is associated with a phase shifter 28 whose phase shift Ci is adjustable and a directional coupler Ci loaded at 30.
- phase shift circuit 28 ⁇ i and the elementary source Si constituted by the network Pi carrying the p radiating elements h i1 ... h ij ... h ip
- a directional coupler C "i charged at 30 takes part of the elementary energy received by the main antenna, this elementary energy taken off is then applied to the input of an adjustable phase shift circuit 29 where it undergoes a phase shift (pi before supplying, as in FIG. 1, a guide d wave 23, loaded at 40, via a directional coupler C'i loaded at 30.
- the energy of the beam of the main antenna is, on reception, collected in a waveguide 22, loaded at the end 40, via the couplers Ci.
- FIG. 3a represents a set of antennas of the lens type, with its two front 25 and rear 26 faces and comprising a main antenna and a single auxiliary antenna.
- the front face 25 carries the elementary radiating sources Si, which are, in the embodiment represented by FIG. 3a, dipoles of the same polarization but which could be of another type, for example propellers, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the main antenna comprises for each elementary radiating source Si, an adjustable phase shift circuit 28 disposed between the front face 25 and the rear face 26, and supplying a dipole of i disposed on the rear face 26 of the antenna.
- the n dipoles of i have identical polarization.
- a directional coupler C "i, charged at 30, takes a part of the energy received by the source Si and feeds, via an adjustable phase shift circuit 29 ⁇ pi, a dipole of i, also arranged on the rear face 26.
- the n dipoles of i have an identical polarization, crossed with that of the dipoles of i.
- the dipoles of i and the dipoles of i lining the rear face 26 radiate the energy received on a primary collector, one embodiment of which is shown in FIG. 3b.
- the respective outputs of these two primary sources radiate in cross polarization. This latter embodiment has not been shown.
- the auxiliary antenna can be pointed in the direction of a jammer.
- a calculation circuit determines the phase shift circuits 28 whose phase ⁇ i must be modified in order to minimize the gain of the main antenna in the direction of the dudil, jammer.
- phase angle ⁇ i of the circuits 29 is then modified so as to point the auxiliary antenna towards the next jammer.
- the previous operation is then repeated and so on for all the jammers, this for each pointing direction of the main antenna.
- the present invention is applicable to an electronic scanning radar equipped with an anti-jamming device.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82401461T ATE29934T1 (de) | 1981-08-07 | 1982-08-03 | Antenne mit elektronischer schwenkung und mehreren eingaengen und radar mit einer solchen antenne. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8115362 | 1981-08-07 | ||
FR8115362A FR2511196A1 (fr) | 1981-08-07 | 1981-08-07 | Ensemble d'antennes principale et auxiliaires a balayage electronique et radar comportant un tel ensemble |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0072316A1 EP0072316A1 (de) | 1983-02-16 |
EP0072316B1 true EP0072316B1 (de) | 1987-09-23 |
Family
ID=9261289
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82401461A Expired EP0072316B1 (de) | 1981-08-07 | 1982-08-03 | Antenne mit elektronischer Schwenkung und mehreren Eingängen und Radar mit einer solchen Antenne |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4544925A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0072316B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS5838005A (de) |
KR (1) | KR840001394A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE29934T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE3277394D1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2511196A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4728956A (en) * | 1982-12-16 | 1988-03-01 | The Marconi Company Limited | Receivers and transmitters |
FR2632419B1 (fr) * | 1983-11-08 | 1990-10-19 | Thomson Csf | Procede et dispositif d'antibrouillage pour radar et radar equipe d'un tel dispositif |
FR2560445B1 (fr) * | 1984-02-24 | 1986-07-18 | Thomson Csf | Procede d'antibrouillage pour antenne reseau et antenne utilisant ledit procede |
JPS6155278U (de) * | 1984-09-17 | 1986-04-14 | ||
JP2924376B2 (ja) * | 1991-11-29 | 1999-07-26 | 日本電気株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
GB2517661B (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 2016-03-30 | Thomson Csf | An anti-jamming antenna |
US6266011B1 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 2001-07-24 | Rockwell Science Center, Llc | Electronically scanned phased array antenna system and method with scan control independent of radiating frequency |
FR2812457B1 (fr) | 2000-07-28 | 2004-05-28 | Thomson Csf | Reflecteur hyperfrequence actif a bi-polarisation, notamment pour antenne a balalyage electronique |
US8558734B1 (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2013-10-15 | Gregory Hubert Piesinger | Three dimensional radar antenna method and apparatus |
FR3119027B1 (fr) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-12-30 | Thales Sa | Radar à antenne active à couverture angulaire élargie |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1051038A (de) * | 1962-05-28 | |||
US3209355A (en) * | 1962-12-20 | 1965-09-28 | Radiation Inc | Dual operating mode circuit |
US3631503A (en) * | 1969-05-02 | 1971-12-28 | Hughes Aircraft Co | High-performance distributionally integrated subarray antenna |
FR2177432B1 (de) * | 1971-12-01 | 1977-03-18 | Thomson Csf | |
US3763490A (en) * | 1971-12-10 | 1973-10-02 | Gen Electric | Adaptive beamformer with time constant control |
US3987444A (en) * | 1974-08-12 | 1976-10-19 | Hazeltine Corporation | Interference rejection system for multi-beam antenna having single control loop |
US4041501A (en) * | 1975-07-10 | 1977-08-09 | Hazeltine Corporation | Limited scan array antenna systems with sharp cutoff of element pattern |
FR2331164A1 (fr) * | 1975-11-04 | 1977-06-03 | Thomson Csf | Antenne a balayage electronique a plusieurs faisceaux |
US4017867A (en) * | 1976-02-25 | 1977-04-12 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Antenna assembly producing steerable beam and null |
FR2396434A1 (fr) * | 1977-07-01 | 1979-01-26 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif d'effacement des lobes secondaires d'une antenne du type " cassegrain a rotation de polarisation ", et systeme radar comportant un tel dispositif |
JPS5566114A (en) * | 1978-11-13 | 1980-05-19 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Signal compounding device |
-
1981
- 1981-08-07 FR FR8115362A patent/FR2511196A1/fr active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-08-02 US US06/404,490 patent/US4544925A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-08-03 AT AT82401461T patent/ATE29934T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-08-03 EP EP82401461A patent/EP0072316B1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-08-03 DE DE8282401461T patent/DE3277394D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-08-04 KR KR1019820003503A patent/KR840001394A/ko unknown
- 1982-08-05 JP JP57136806A patent/JPS5838005A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
FREQUENZ, vol.26, no.4, 1972, Berlin (DE); R.REITZIG: "Bedingungen an eine leitungsgespeiste Antennezur Erzeugung mehrerer, voneinander unabhängiger Strahlen", pages 93-99 * |
WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BERICHTE AEG-TELEFUNKEN, vol.54, no.1/2, 1981, Frankfurt am Main (DE); D.BORGMANN:"Steuerung und Formung von Strahlungscharakteristiken mit Gruppenantennen"; pages 25-43 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE29934T1 (de) | 1987-10-15 |
US4544925A (en) | 1985-10-01 |
KR840001394A (ko) | 1984-04-30 |
FR2511196A1 (fr) | 1983-02-11 |
EP0072316A1 (de) | 1983-02-16 |
JPS5838005A (ja) | 1983-03-05 |
FR2511196B1 (de) | 1983-12-02 |
DE3277394D1 (en) | 1987-10-29 |
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