EP0548876B1 - Asymmetrische Spiegelantenne mit zwei Reflektoren - Google Patents

Asymmetrische Spiegelantenne mit zwei Reflektoren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0548876B1
EP0548876B1 EP92121692A EP92121692A EP0548876B1 EP 0548876 B1 EP0548876 B1 EP 0548876B1 EP 92121692 A EP92121692 A EP 92121692A EP 92121692 A EP92121692 A EP 92121692A EP 0548876 B1 EP0548876 B1 EP 0548876B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collector
sources
source
primary array
reflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92121692A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0548876A1 (de
Inventor
Régis Lenormand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
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Alcatel Espace Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Espace Industries SA filed Critical Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Publication of EP0548876A1 publication Critical patent/EP0548876A1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/192—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with dual offset reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an active "offset" antenna with double reflectors, these two reflectors being opposite with respect to their homes in a configuration of the "periscopic” type, well known under the Anglo-Saxon name: "offset fed Gregorian geometry” .
  • This antenna uses the principle of the optical periscope, and it comprises an active network 1, of reduced dimensions compared to the active direct radiation network which would radiate according to a beam of diameter D identical to that finally radiated by this antenna with double reflectors with configuration " offset".
  • This active network 1 is associated, in a conventional manner for this type of network, with devices 2 for adjusting the phases, as well as with amplifiers and filters (not shown), devices which will hereinafter be called “controls”. to respect the terminology used by those skilled in the art.
  • the beam of diameter "d" which is radiated by the active grating 1 is firstly reflected by a first parabolic reflector 3, which concentrates it in its focal point F, then it continues on its path from this focal point F to illuminate a second parabolic reflector 4, opposite by the apex F to the reflector 3 and confocal to the latter, to finally radiate according to the beam of parallel rays of width D.
  • the emitting source 1 is offset with respect to the finally radiated beam of width D, and that it is therefore indeed an antenna called “offset" in term business.
  • This “periscope” type configuration with two reflectors 3, 4 is used to reduce the dimensions of the active source 1, and is a priori more advantageous than the simple configuration consisting in having an active source of dimensions D equal to those of the beam that 'it transmits directly.
  • the invention aims to remedy this drawback. It relates for this purpose to an active antenna of the "offset" type and to two reflectors, this antenna comprising, at the focal points of these two reflectors, a radioelectric lens of which a first face, called “collector”, receives and picks up the concentrated beam reflected, from that emitted by the active source of this antenna, by the first reflector that the beam meets, this collector being placed at the focus of this first reflector, and the opposite face of which, called “primary network” re-emits towards the second reflector the energy which is transmitted to it, by interconnections, by said collector, this primary network being placed at the focus of this second reflector.
  • a radioelectric lens of which a first face, called “collector” receives and picks up the concentrated beam reflected, from that emitted by the active source of this antenna, by the first reflector that the beam meets, this collector being placed at the focus of this first reflector, and the opposite face of which, called “primary network” re-e
  • the sources of the collector are respectively connected, one by one and respecting the same geometrical configuration, to those of the primary network, but said sources of the collector are each of much smaller dimensions than those of the sources of the primary network which are associated with them.
  • the connection between each "small" source of the collector and the corresponding "large” source of the primary network includes a device for fine adjustment of the phase. This phase adjustment device is sampled on several distinct portions of said source of the primary network, which therefore in fact consists of an assembly of as many elementary sources as there are portions.
  • FIG. 2 the elements identical to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numbers to facilitate understanding and to avoid describing them again.
  • the "small" receiving sources 8 of the collector 6 correspond one by one, geographically homothetically, with the “large” re-emitting sources 9 of the primary network 7, that is to say that the respective distributions of these sources 8 and 9 are the same on each network 6 and 7.
  • a source 8 of the collector is connected to the geographically corresponding source 9 of the primary network by means of a connector which includes a device for fine-tuning of phases, which will now be described in reference to Figure 5.
  • the "large" unit source 9 is assumed to be composed of a mosaic of four horns 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D.
  • this mosaic could include another whole number p of cones: six, eight, or even more.
  • the receiving horn 8 is connected to a divider circuit by p (that is to say here by four), referenced 11.
  • the p (here: four) outputs 12A to 12D of this divider 11 are connected to the corresponding source plot 10A to 10D via a respective adjustable phase shifter 13A to 13D.
  • phase shifters 13A to 13D Thanks to these phase shifters 13A to 13D, a fine adjustment is made of the phase of the signal which is retransmitted, by the "large" unit source 9, in the direction of the second reflector 4.
  • the primary network 7 is here positioned in the focal focal plane F 'of the reflector 4, while the collector 6 is placed in the focal focal plane F of the reflector 3.
  • the collector 6 is fairly close to the primary network 7 and, as a first approximation, the two paraboloids 4 and 3 can here be practically considered confocal.
  • One of the original features of the invention therefore consists in using sources of different diameters for the collector 6 and the primary network 7.
  • the source-to-source connections of the collector and primary network are such that in fact the sources of the primary network are excited with energy levels respectively substantially equal to the levels received by the corresponding sources of the collector.
  • the law of illumination of the second reflector 4 is the image of the distribution captured by the sources of the collector 6.
  • the transformation between the distribution of energy received by the collector and that radiated by the primary network is a function of the characteristics of the sources 8 of the collector and the sources 9 of the primary network, of course taking into account the phase adjustment finely introduced by the different phase shifters 13A, 13B, 13C, ...
  • connections according to Figure 5 are made from source to source, respecting the rank they occupy in each of the networks 6 and 7.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a variant of the antenna which has just been described.
  • the collector 6 and the primary network 7 are placed on surfaces which are no longer at all parallel as is in fact the case for the antenna according to FIG. 2.
  • the lens at is therefore not a lens with parallel faces.
  • This configuration has the advantage of making it possible to dissociate the radioelectric constraints from those of the mechanical locations of the elements constituting the antenna.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described. Although it is normally intended to be applied to an antenna on board a satellite, its field is not as limited, and it could just as easily be a ground antenna.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Aktive Antenne vom Offset-Typ mit zwei Reflektoren (3, 4), dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    . daß sie in den Brennpunkten (F, F') dieser beiden Reflektoren (3, 4) eine Mikrowellenlinse (5) aufweist, mit einer im Brennpunkt (F) des ersten Reflektors (3) liegenden ersten Seite (6), die Kollektor genannt wird und den vom ersten Reflektor (3), auf den der Strahl trifft, reflektierten und konzentrierten Strahl der aktiven Quelle (1) dieser Antenne empfängt und aufnimmt, und mit einer im Brennpunkt (F') des zweiten Reflektors (4) liegenden zweiten, entgegengesetzten Seite (7), die Primärnetz genannt wird und zum zweiten Reflektor (4) die Energie wieder aussendet, die vom Kollektor (6) über Anschlußverbindungen (12, 13) übertragen wird,
    . daß die Quellen (8) des Kollektors (6) einzeln und unter Berücksichtigung der gleichen geometrischen Konfiguration mit den Quellen (9) des Primärnetzes (7) verbunden sind,
    . und daß die Verbindung zwischen jeder Quelle (8) des Kollektors und der entsprechenden Quelle (9) des Primärnetzes eine Vorrichtung (13A bis 13D) zur Phasenfeinregelung enthält.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Quellen (8) des Kollektors deutlich kleinere Abmessungen als die Quellen (9) des Primärnetzes besitzen, so daß dieser Kollektor (6) deutlich kleiner als das Primärnetz (7) ist.
  3. Aktive Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Quelle (9) des Primärnetzes aus einer ganzzahligen Menge von kleineren, nebeneinander liegenden Quellen (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) besteht und daß jede dieser kleineren Quellen an die Quelle (8) gleichen geographischen Rangs wie die Quelle (9) des Primärnetzes des Kollektors über eine Schaltung (13A, 13B, 13C, 13D) angeschlossen ist, die die Phase abstimmen kann.
  4. Aktive Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kollektor (6) und das Primärnetz (7) in zueinander nicht parallelen Flächen liegen.
EP92121692A 1991-12-23 1992-12-21 Asymmetrische Spiegelantenne mit zwei Reflektoren Expired - Lifetime EP0548876B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9116028 1991-12-23
FR9116028A FR2685551B1 (fr) 1991-12-23 1991-12-23 Antenne active "offset" a double reflecteurs.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0548876A1 EP0548876A1 (de) 1993-06-30
EP0548876B1 true EP0548876B1 (de) 1996-10-09

Family

ID=9420400

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92121692A Expired - Lifetime EP0548876B1 (de) 1991-12-23 1992-12-21 Asymmetrische Spiegelantenne mit zwei Reflektoren

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5321413A (de)
EP (1) EP0548876B1 (de)
AU (1) AU663137B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69214412T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2685551B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101427420B (zh) * 2006-05-23 2013-05-01 英特尔公司 用于使用毫米波信号进行通信的毫米波反射器天线系统和方法

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2709877B1 (fr) * 1993-08-04 1995-10-13 Alcatel Espace Antenne active à balayage électronique en azimut et en élévation, en particulier pour l'imagerie hyperfréquence par satellite.
FR2709836B1 (fr) * 1993-08-04 1995-10-20 Alcatel Espace Système d'imagerie radar hyperfréquence à double zone de couverture, destinée à être embarquée sur satellite.
US5485168A (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-01-16 Electrospace Systems, Inc. Multiband satellite communication antenna system with retractable subreflector
FR2759204B1 (fr) * 1997-02-03 1999-02-26 Alsthom Cge Alcatel Unite de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexes
US5936588A (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-08-10 Rao; Sudhakar K. Reconfigurable multiple beam satellite phased array antenna
US6236375B1 (en) * 1999-01-15 2001-05-22 Trw Inc. Compact offset gregorian antenna system for providing adjacent, high gain, antenna beams
US6320553B1 (en) * 1999-12-14 2001-11-20 Harris Corporation Multiple frequency reflector antenna with multiple feeds
JP2003332838A (ja) * 2002-05-17 2003-11-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp マルチビームアンテナ装置
EP2022187B1 (de) 2006-05-23 2011-03-16 Intel Corporation Millimeterwellen-kommunikationssystem für den innenraum
US8320942B2 (en) 2006-06-13 2012-11-27 Intel Corporation Wireless device with directional antennas for use in millimeter-wave peer-to-peer networks and methods for adaptive beam steering
DE102008011350A1 (de) * 2008-02-27 2009-09-03 Loeffler Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Echtzeiterfassung von elektromagnetischer THz-Strahlung
GB2546309B (en) * 2016-01-15 2020-03-18 Cambridge Broadband Networks Ltd An Antenna

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2975419A (en) * 1959-10-13 1961-03-14 Newell H Brown Microwave antenna reflector system for scanning by displacement of focal image
US4246585A (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-01-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Subarray pattern control and null steering for subarray antenna systems
US4259674A (en) * 1979-10-24 1981-03-31 Bell Laboratories Phased array antenna arrangement with filtering to reduce grating lobes
US4435714A (en) * 1980-12-29 1984-03-06 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corp. Grating lobe eliminator
US4755826A (en) * 1983-01-10 1988-07-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Bicollimated offset Gregorian dual reflector antenna system
US4595926A (en) * 1983-12-01 1986-06-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Dual space fed parallel plate lens antenna beamforming system
US4743914A (en) * 1986-04-14 1988-05-10 Raytheon Company Space fed antenna system with squint error correction
US4975712A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-12-04 Trw Inc. Two-dimensional scanning antenna
EP0446610A1 (de) * 1990-03-07 1991-09-18 Hughes Aircraft Company Vergrösserte phasengesteuerte Gruppenantenne mit digitalem Strahlformungsnetzwerk

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101427420B (zh) * 2006-05-23 2013-05-01 英特尔公司 用于使用毫米波信号进行通信的毫米波反射器天线系统和方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69214412T2 (de) 1997-02-13
US5321413A (en) 1994-06-14
AU3010692A (en) 1993-06-24
EP0548876A1 (de) 1993-06-30
DE69214412D1 (de) 1996-11-14
AU663137B2 (en) 1995-09-28
FR2685551B1 (fr) 1994-01-28
FR2685551A1 (fr) 1993-06-25

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