EP1142063B1 - Telekommunikationsgerät mit geformter gruppenantenne unter verwendung von elektronischer strahlschwenkung und dazugehöriges telekommunikations-endgerät - Google Patents

Telekommunikationsgerät mit geformter gruppenantenne unter verwendung von elektronischer strahlschwenkung und dazugehöriges telekommunikations-endgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1142063B1
EP1142063B1 EP99964743A EP99964743A EP1142063B1 EP 1142063 B1 EP1142063 B1 EP 1142063B1 EP 99964743 A EP99964743 A EP 99964743A EP 99964743 A EP99964743 A EP 99964743A EP 1142063 B1 EP1142063 B1 EP 1142063B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alignments
sources
radiating
phase
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99964743A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1142063A1 (de
Inventor
Ali Thomson Multimedia LOUZIR
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Technicolor SA
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Thomson Multimedia SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1142063A1 publication Critical patent/EP1142063A1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
    • H01Q3/242—Circumferential scanning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of telecommunications, especially microwave, and concerns more particularly a telecommunications device with scanning networks conformed electronics. It also relates to a telecommunications in a satellite constellation system and a wireless communication terminal for communicating with domestic equipment.
  • geostationary satellites So far, commercial satellite communications were almost entirely carried out by geostationary satellites, particularly interesting because of their unchanging relative positions in the sky.
  • the geostationary satellite has major drawbacks such as significant attenuations of transmitted signals related to distance separating the user antennas of the geostationary satellite (of the order of 36,000 kilometers, the corresponding losses then amounting to around 205 dB in the Ku band) and transmission delays (typically of the order of 250 ms to 280 ms) thus becoming clearly noticeable and annoying especially for real-time applications such as telephony, videoconferencing, etc.
  • the geostationary orbit located in the equatorial plane, poses a visibility problem for high latitudes, angles of elevation becoming very low for regions close to the poles.
  • a telecommunications device with scanning networks electronics comprising M alignments of radiating sources (13) arranged according to a generator (12) of a surface of revolution and a switch coupling said M alignments to N lines of a network of combiners / dividers (NLM), said switch being able to supply N adjacent alignments at a given time; a single phase shifter being connected to each generator of radiant elements.
  • seconds phase shifters (190, 191, 192, 193) each control a phase shift additional of the N alignments supplied, said phase shift varying according to a phase gradient so that each source of N supplied alignments is supplied in an equiphase manner.
  • it further includes M 'second alignments of second sources radiant arranged on a second substrate superimposed on the first substrate, said first and second sources being arranged so as to not to be facing each other, the second alignments of second radiating sources operating at a central frequency different from that of early alignments from early sources radiating.
  • each position of the satellite at a given time, in the radio radiation space of the device, corresponds a pair of values (N, ⁇ ), N corresponding to N adjacent alignments supplied by said switch and ⁇ representing the value of the phase shift introduced by said first phase shifters to the sources of N alignments.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective diagram of a device 1 according to the invention.
  • This comprises a conical substrate 2 with vertex O, of half-angle at the top ⁇ and radius R on its circular base 3.
  • the substrate itself rests on a conical support, not shown.
  • a plurality of generators 4 has been illustrated connecting the vertex O with the base 3 according to a plan normal to this base.
  • lozenges radiant 5 are only illustrated on one of the generators 4, all of the radiating pellets in a network on a generator forming an alignment, but all the alignments are arranged on the envelope of the cone to cover a 360 ° radiation field.
  • the device 1 receives the signals from a satellite 6 according to a diagram 7.
  • the device 1 receives the satellite without distortion in elevation of sound radiation diagram 7.
  • the depointing is illustrated in dotted lines maximum of this diagram defined by the characteristics of the device for that this has an angle of reception of the satellites in elevation going from 0 ° at 90 °.
  • the depointing in elevation is defined by a phase shift of the radiation pattern for a given group of powered alignments.
  • Figure 2.a shows schematically an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the device must cover a radiation field by relative to the horizontal from 0 ° to 90 ° in elevation.
  • the angle ⁇ is determined equal to 45 °.
  • center networks of phase 80, 81 undergo a phase shift allowing a depointing going from -45 ° 45 ° to optimal viewing axes without offset respective 800, 810.
  • Figures 2.b and 2.c show variants of the Figure 2.a according to different system specifications of scrolling satellites.
  • the angle ⁇ is 50 °
  • the angle of minimum capture relative to the local horizon can be set at 40 °, which determines the angle ⁇ to a value of 65 °.
  • FIG. 3 represents a plurality of alignments 90, 91, ... 97 in a network of circular radiating pads 5, two adjacent pads 5 being separated by an adjustable phase shifter 10.
  • the network to be described will be the one used for receiving signals.
  • the second network used for transmitting signals will not be described but its constitution remains the same as that of the receiving network (tablets radiant, phase shifters, connections to a switch by terminals 110, ... 117 described below).
  • 97 has each two ends, one with a radiating patch and the other comprising a radiating patch connected respectively to terminals 110, 111, ... 117 of a switch 12.
  • the selection of these four alignments 90 to 93 is carried out according to a pre-established selection method from a table contained in a read-only memory 41 and comprising a ephemeris of the positions of the satellites over time and / or taking account of the level of the signals received on the reception circuit.
  • the microcontroller has in a read-only memory a threshold value. When receiving signals whose level drops in below the threshold value, the microcontroller controls the supply of four adjacent alignments, for example 91 to 94. In any event, three of the selected alignments must be among the alignments previously fed to allow regular monitoring and smoothly.
  • the fourth supplied alignments are connected to the four lines 130 to 133 of the combiner / divider whose output / input is connected by a link 15 with a transmission / reception circuit described below.
  • Each alignment 90 to 97 is arranged on the surface of the cone 2 according to a generator 4 thereof.
  • the pellets are excited by feed lines 50, the pellets and the lines 50 being etched on the upper surface of the oriented substrate towards the radiation area of the device.
  • pellets and excitation lines can be engraved on opposite sides.
  • FIG. 4a and 4.b show variants of the embodiment of FIG. 3.
  • the same phase shifter 10 is common to two alignments 900, 901 whereas in FIG. 4.b, the same phase shifter 10 is common to four alignments 902, 903, 904, 905.
  • the supply of the alignments 90, 91, ... 97 can be done, according to the figure 4.a, in groups of two alignments or, according to Figure 4.b, in groups of four, or more. This reduces the total number of phase shifters for the network (typically this number is divided by two, four, ... and generally divided by i), since two, four (generally i) pellets belonging to adjacent alignments have their phase adjusted by the same phase shifter.
  • Figure 5.b represents a succession of pad alignments 18 according to the variant of FIG. 5.a. This estate is arranged on a plane before being shaped into a cone.
  • FIG. 6 represents a variant of FIG. 3.
  • a phase shifter 190, 191, 192, 193 allowing additional adjustment of the phases corresponding to each alignment or group of alignments to which it is associated. This adjustment is controlled by the microcontroller 40.
  • the device -1 has a frustoconical shape. This configuration is interesting for low elevation angles. It is also more suitable for keep almost constant distances between pads belonging to two adjacent alignments. Indeed, in the case of a conical device, the radiating pellets close to the top 0 suffer from being close to them of each other compared to those near the base.
  • FIG. 8 represents an embodiment of a circuit transmission / reception 20 connected to the combiner / divider 14 of FIG. 3.
  • the latter includes a circulator 21, an input of which is connected to a circuit transmission 22 of signals, an output is connected to a reception circuit 23 signals and an input / output is connected to the combiner / divider 14 via the line 15.
  • the reception circuit 23 successively comprises in the direction signal reception filter, 24 bandpass filter around the central reception frequency, a weak amplifier 25 noise, a mixer 26 receiving on a first input the signal filtered by the filter 24 and amplified by the amplifier 25 and on a second input a output signal from a local oscillator 27.
  • the output of the mixer provides a intermediate frequency signal for an indoor unit of a dwelling not shown on which the transmission / reception device is placed according to the invention.
  • the transmission circuit 22 comprises in the transmission direction signals a mixer 28 whose first input receives a signal in indoor unit intermediate frequency, a second input from a local oscillator 29 transposing the signal into transmission frequency mixer inlet. The latter's output signal attacks the input a power amplifier 30.
  • the amplifier output is connected to the input of a bandpass emission filter 31 filtering said signal around the transmission frequency to deliver it to the input of circulator 21.
  • the circuit 23 is an intermediate frequency conversion circuit while circuit 22 is a transmission frequency conversion circuit, usually at microwave frequencies.
  • the outlet of the mixer 26 delivering the signal in intermediate frequency for the indoor unit is also connected to the microcontroller 40 which uses the received signal to detect its level as previously explained.
  • the circuit 20 makes it possible to receive the reception signals from the first reception network described above and to transmit the signals to be transmitted to the second network.
  • each network on each network (respectively first and second network) said main network is associated an auxiliary network also comprising radiating pads.
  • Each network of pads of the upper substrate resonates around a center frequency slightly offset from that of the opposite network from which it is located, to allow a widening of the band of operating frequency of the network torque composed of the two main and auxiliary networks opposite.
  • Figure 10.b is an embodiment of this phase shifter.
  • This one includes variable capacity diodes 341, 342 ("variable identical capacitor “or” varactors "placed in ports 3, 4 of a 3dB / 90 ° hybrid coupler.
  • the microcontroller varies the voltage from polarization of these diodes, which modifies the junction capacity of these last and therefore the reflection coefficient of these diodes.
  • the phase shift between ports 1 and 2 is modified. So the microcontroller continuously controls phase variations of phase shifters.
  • FIG.c shows another embodiment of the phase shifter: it has two varactor diodes 351, 352 placed on the line transmission between ports 1 and 2 and the phase shift between ports 1 and 2 is controlled by the bias voltage of these diodes.
  • the device according to the invention can be advantageously used, but not exclusively, for reception and / or transmission in a system communication via satellites, especially scrolling, or in a home automation system for the connection between different equipment servants.
  • the invention is not limited to the modes of realization and variants as described.
  • the device 1 according to the invention has been described around a conical surface 2. Any other symmetrical surface of revolution perhaps envisaged.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Telekommunikationsgerät mit elektronischen Abtastanordnungen vom Typ mit M ersten Ausrichtungen (90, ... 97) von ersten strahlenden Quellen (5), wobei die Quellen entlang einer Mantellinie einer Drehoberfläche ausgerichtet sind, und einem Schalter (12), der die M Ausrichtungen von N Zeilen einer Anordnung (14) von Kombinierern/Teilern verbindet, wobei N < M ist und der Schalter in einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt N benachbarte Ausrichtungen derart speist, dass die Azimutrichtung gesteuert wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Gerät zusätzlich Phasenschieber (10) zwischen den strahlenden Quellen derselben Mantellinie und einer Steuereinheit (40) zur Steuerung des Schalters und der Phasenschieber (10) aufweist, um dadurch das Strahlungsmuster aus den N Ausrichtungen gemäß der Elevationsrichtung einzustellen.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die strahlenden Quellen durch auf einem Substrat geätzte Plättchen bestehen, die die genannte Drehoberfläche bilden und direkt durch die gedruckten Leitungen angeregt werden, die sich in derselben Ebene wie die Plättchen befinden.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehoberfläche jeder strahlenden Quelle mit dem Abstand zunimmt, der die Quelle von dem Verbindungspunkt (110, ...117) der Ausrichtung (90, ...97) trennt, zu der die Quelle mit dem Schalter gehört.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abmessungen jeder strahlenden Quelle so bestimmt sind, dass sie entlang einer Ausrichtung bei derselben vorbestimmten Mittenfrequenz arbeitet.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass derselbe Phasenschieber (10) für mehrere Ausrichtungen gemeinsam ist, derart, dass er die Phase mehrerer Quellen einstellen kann.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Phasenschieber (190, 191, 192, 193) jeder eine zusätzliche Phasenschiebung von N Zuführausrichtungen speist, wobei die Phasenverschiebung sich entsprechend einem Phasengradienten ändert, derart, dass jede Quelle von N Speiseausrichtungen mit gleicher Phase gespeist wird.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehoberfläche durch einen Kegel oder einen Kegelstumpf gebildet wird.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie außerdem M' zweite Ausrichtungen von zweiten strahlenden Quellen enthält, die auf einem zweiten Substrat dem ersten Substrat überlagert sind, und dass die erste und die zweite Quelle derart angeordnet sind, dass sie nicht einander gegenüberliegen, und die zweiten Ausrichtungen der zweiten strahlenden Quellen bei einer Mittenfrequenz arbeiten, die sich von den ersten Ausrichtungen der ersten strahlenden Quellen unterscheidet.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei jeder Stellung des Satelliten zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt, in dem Abstand der radioelektrischen Strahlung der Vorrichtung ein Paar von Werten (N, ΔΦ) entspricht wobei der Wert N nebeneinander liegenden Ausrichtungen entspricht, die durch denselben Schalter gespeist werden, und ΔΦ der Phasenverschiebung entspricht, die durch die ersten Phasenschieber den Quellen von N Ausrichtungen zugeführt werden.
EP99964743A 1998-12-31 1999-12-30 Telekommunikationsgerät mit geformter gruppenantenne unter verwendung von elektronischer strahlschwenkung und dazugehöriges telekommunikations-endgerät Expired - Lifetime EP1142063B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9816741 1998-12-31
FR9816741A FR2788171A1 (fr) 1998-12-31 1998-12-31 Dispositif de reception de signaux a reseaux a balayage electronique dans un systeme de communication par satellites a defilement
PCT/FR1999/003319 WO2000041265A1 (fr) 1998-12-31 1999-12-30 Dispositif de telecommunication a reseaux a balayage electronique conforme et terminal de telecommunication associe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1142063A1 EP1142063A1 (de) 2001-10-10
EP1142063B1 true EP1142063B1 (de) 2004-02-18

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EP99964743A Expired - Lifetime EP1142063B1 (de) 1998-12-31 1999-12-30 Telekommunikationsgerät mit geformter gruppenantenne unter verwendung von elektronischer strahlschwenkung und dazugehöriges telekommunikations-endgerät

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US6608595B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1142063B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2002534881A (de)
AU (1) AU3049500A (de)
DE (1) DE69914945T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2216626T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2788171A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2000041265A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

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DE10131283A1 (de) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-09 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Phased Array Antenne
US20060273973A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Chandler Cole A Millimeter wave passive electronically scanned antenna
US7532171B2 (en) * 2005-06-02 2009-05-12 Lockheed Martin Corporation Millimeter wave electronically scanned antenna
KR100968368B1 (ko) * 2006-10-27 2010-07-06 삼성전자주식회사 시분할복신 무선통신시스템에서 송수신 안테나 스위칭 장치
US8400356B2 (en) * 2006-12-27 2013-03-19 Lockheed Martin Corp. Directive spatial interference beam control
RU2534940C2 (ru) * 2013-02-05 2014-12-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Концерн радиостроения "Вега" Устройство формирования мощных импульсных сигналов на основе метода пространственно-временного преобразования многочастотного сигнала
US9183424B2 (en) 2013-11-05 2015-11-10 Symbol Technologies, Llc Antenna array with asymmetric elements
US10965039B1 (en) 2018-05-11 2021-03-30 Lockheed Martin Corporation System and method for fleet command and control communications with secondary radar functionality using 360° multi-beam hemispherical array
US11569587B1 (en) 2021-09-14 2023-01-31 Micro-Ant, LLC Hemispherical array antenna

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GB9402942D0 (en) * 1994-02-16 1994-04-06 Northern Telecom Ltd Base station antenna arrangement
FR2729025B1 (fr) * 1995-01-02 1997-03-21 Europ Agence Spatiale Procede et systeme de transmission de signaux radioelectriques via un reseau de satellites entre une station terrestre fixe et des terminaux mobiles d'usagers
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69914945T2 (de) 2005-07-07
FR2788171A1 (fr) 2000-07-07
ES2216626T3 (es) 2004-10-16
AU3049500A (en) 2000-07-24
DE69914945D1 (de) 2004-03-25
EP1142063A1 (de) 2001-10-10
JP2002534881A (ja) 2002-10-15
US6608595B1 (en) 2003-08-19
WO2000041265A1 (fr) 2000-07-13

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