EP2421422B1 - Distributeur sanitaire à détecteur capacitif - Google Patents

Distributeur sanitaire à détecteur capacitif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2421422B1
EP2421422B1 EP10717476.5A EP10717476A EP2421422B1 EP 2421422 B1 EP2421422 B1 EP 2421422B1 EP 10717476 A EP10717476 A EP 10717476A EP 2421422 B1 EP2421422 B1 EP 2421422B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sanitary
dispenser
sensor
planar electrode
capacitance
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EP10717476.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2421422A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Georg Hagleitner
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K5/00—Holders or dispensers for soap, toothpaste, or the like
    • A47K5/06—Dispensers for soap
    • A47K5/12—Dispensers for soap for liquid or pasty soap
    • A47K5/1217—Electrical control means for the dispensing mechanism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
    • A47K10/24—Towel dispensers, e.g. for piled-up or folded textile towels; Toilet-paper dispensers; Dispensers for piled-up or folded textile towels provided or not with devices for taking-up soiled towels as far as not mechanically driven
    • A47K10/32—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper
    • A47K10/34—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means
    • A47K10/36—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices
    • A47K10/3606—The cutting devices being motor driven
    • A47K10/3625—The cutting devices being motor driven with electronic control means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
    • A47K10/24—Towel dispensers, e.g. for piled-up or folded textile towels; Toilet-paper dispensers; Dispensers for piled-up or folded textile towels provided or not with devices for taking-up soiled towels as far as not mechanically driven
    • A47K10/32—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper
    • A47K10/34—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means
    • A47K10/36—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices
    • A47K2010/3668—Detection of the presence of a user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
    • A47K10/24—Towel dispensers, e.g. for piled-up or folded textile towels; Toilet-paper dispensers; Dispensers for piled-up or folded textile towels provided or not with devices for taking-up soiled towels as far as not mechanically driven
    • A47K10/32—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper
    • A47K10/34—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means
    • A47K10/36—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices
    • A47K2010/3681—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices characterised by the way a new paper roll is loaded in the dispenser

Definitions

  • the invention relates to sanitary dispensers, in particular paper or towel dispensers, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • sanitary dispensers in particular paper or towel dispensers
  • many efforts are made due to increased hygiene requirements to improve the prevailing hygiene and prevent or at least reduce germ transmission.
  • soap dispensers To reduce the transmission of germs through the hands by touching various objects in sanitary facilities are already non-contact toilet flushing, soap dispensers, urinals, hand dryers u.
  • non-contact sensors are used, mainly optical or magnetic sensors come to train.
  • Another category of non-contact sensors are capacitive proximity switches, wherein a sensor capacity is changed by approaching a body part, for example a human hand, or other objects, the associated electric field and thus also the sensor capacity. This change is evaluated electronically and triggers a pulse to actuate the respective device.
  • capacitive proximity sensors are their independence from spatial events, such as the lighting conditions, which are of crucial importance for an optical sensor.
  • a paper dispenser having an output device actuated by a capacitive proximity sensor, the sensor capacitance being from a conventional plate capacitor having two planar electrodes is formed within the housing wall.
  • a disadvantage here is that the weak electrical edge field of the two electrodes is only slightly changed by the approach of a human person, so that the sensor is only slightly sensitive. The triggering of the dispenser unit therefore only takes place when the user's hand is moved into a very narrow area around the sensor.
  • the DE 34 00 575 shows a sanitary dispenser with a capacitive proximity switch having a sensor plate.
  • two oscillators which oscillate substantially synchronously in the rest position are provided, wherein the oscillation behavior of at least one of the oscillators can be changed by a capacitance change of the proximity switch, so that the output unit is activated at a certain oscillation difference of the oscillators.
  • the DE 203 20 332 shows an electronic fluid storage, which is controllable by means of a non-contact capacitive sensor.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a sanitary dispenser having a non-contact sensor which avoids the above disadvantages and, as far as possible uninfluenced by extrinsic influences upon approach of a human body part, sanitary means, e.g. Paper towels, towels, soap or soap foam and the like.
  • sanitary means e.g. Paper towels, towels, soap or soap foam and the like.
  • the capacitive sensor of the towel dispenser according to the invention forms a sensor capacitance with an approaching human body part, wherein a flat electrode is disposed inside the housing and the second conductor arrangement, to which the sensor capacity refers, through the conductive surface of a body part and additionally or alternatively an object, the is arranged in the housing exterior is formed. That is, the sheet electrode and the approximate body part act like the two plates of a plate capacitor.
  • the sensor capacity refers in the absence of a human Body part on the capacitance between the arranged as a sensor surface in the housing interior flat electrode and the potential of the environment, so for example the earth's surface or one of the walls or the floor of the room, wherein the sanitary dispenser according to the invention is arranged.
  • this sensor capacitance changes.
  • the dispensing unit or the electric motor of the dispensing unit of the sanitary dispenser is then activated via an evaluation unit.
  • the sanitary dispenser is designed to be electrically insulated, in particular when the electric motor of the dispensing unit is powered by one or more battery (s) and has no direct electrical connection to an external potential, i. has no grounding.
  • the body part forms the second electrode of a capacitor.
  • the capacitive sensor forms only one pole in the interior of the housing in the charged state and no electrically oppositely charged surface is provided inside the housing.
  • the sensor capacitance C s is given by the planar electrode inside the housing and by the materials located in the vicinity of the sanitary dispenser and therefore represents a basic capacitance C P , which is also called parasitic capacitance.
  • This parasitic capacitance is exposed to external influences and therefore not constant.
  • the ambient temperature, the humidity and contamination of the sanitary dispenser, which in sanitary facilities, where the sanitary dispenser according to the invention is preferably applicable play a major role, so that their changes cause a different relative permittivity ⁇ R , which in turn changes the parasitic capacitance C P ,
  • these environmental influences cause a relatively slow change in the parasitic capacitance, since the ambient temperature and the humidity do not change abruptly. That I For reasons of installation otherwise only materials with a low relative permittivity ⁇ R are located in the vicinity of the capacitive sensor, the influence of the variable external variables, eg the humidity and the ambient temperature, is clearly noticeable.
  • the sensor capacitance C S which is the total capacitance measured by the capacitive sensor, therefore forms as an additive sum of the capacitance C H produced by the approaching body part and the parasitic capacitance C P.
  • the planar electrode is formed by a continuous metal layer, for example made of copper or aluminum.
  • the capacitance C is directly proportional to the surface A and indirectly proportional to the distance d.
  • the sensor capacitance is formed by the planar electrode and in the case of activation of the output unit by the surface of an approximate or approximate body part, this means that the additional capacitance C H proportional to the surface area of the flat electrode and the Surface of the body part is.
  • the planar electrode is greater than 15 cm 2 , preferably greater than 25 cm 2 , for example 30 cm 2 .
  • the planar electrode is arranged at least substantially parallel to the housing wall, wherein it is further provided that the planar electrode is arranged on the front side of the housing. This ensures that the electric field emanating from the sensor surface emerges mainly vertically forward from the housing interior into the housing exterior.
  • the planar electrode is at least partially adapted to this curved shape of the housing. It may be provided that the planar electrode is formed at a constant distance in the interior of the housing with the substantially same curvature as the housing. Preferably, the planar electrode is arranged in the region of a front dispenser opening, where the sanitary agent is dispensed. In the case of a paper or towel dispenser, this may be a donor edge, which is an elongated and optionally slot-shaped opening in the housing. For a soap or soap foam dispenser, the dispenser opening may also be a tubular opening.
  • the arrangement in the region of the housing front wall or the housing front side takes into account the main direction of approach of a body part, as e.g. to move users' hands from the front of the sanitary dispenser, or to move past the dispenser laterally, and to further enhance the sensitivity to trigger the dispenser.
  • the arrangement in the vicinity of the dispensing opening further improves this advantage, since a human hand, which wants to draw a sanitary agent from the sanitary dispenser according to the invention, will move mainly in the direction of the dispenser opening.
  • the sensor surface ie the planar electrode
  • the sensor surface is part of a resonant circuit and is repeatedly charged to a potential in order then to discharge again via a resistor R d .
  • This resistor can be a single resistor or a system of resistors.
  • the dimensioning of R d is adapted to the size of the planar electrode.
  • this resonant circuit is a so-called tilt oscillation oscillator, which is also known as a relaxation oscillator.
  • tilt oscillation oscillator which is also known as a relaxation oscillator.
  • simple electronic components such as a comparator and flip-flops, constantly comparing the state of charge of the flat electrode with an internal reference voltage, the charging is always changed from charging to discharge and vice versa, when the state of charge of the planar electrode, ie whose potential exceeds or falls below a certain value. At these points, therefore, the loading or unloading process tilts.
  • the Kippschwingungsoszillator includes exactly one comparator.
  • the comparator is already integrated in a microcontroller. It may further be provided that the comparator has an inverted output. The reference voltage, which is applied to one of the inputs of the comparator, can be tapped for example on the microcontroller.
  • the invention comprises an evaluation unit which determines the time change of the sensor capacitance ⁇ C S / ⁇ t by means of the values measured by the capacitive sensor.
  • the evaluation unit has an electronic timer, that is to say a counting unit, which, like the comparator, can be integrated in a microcontroller. Since the charging and discharging processes of the planar electrode are very short and the evaluation unit can evaluate the values transmitted by the capacitive sensor very quickly, the time interval ⁇ t is so small (in the range of nanoseconds to microseconds), so that essentially a differential capacitive change Is evaluated.
  • the time required for the charging and / or the discharge of the planar electrode to a specific potential is compared with a reference time.
  • the evaluation unit may have an internal clock and / or a further timer, which may also be integrated in the microcontroller. It can further be provided that not the charging and / or the discharge time itself is measured quantitatively, but is only evaluated whether this time is greater or less than a reference time. For when a human hand approaches, the sensor capacitance C S increases and the charging and / or discharging time, ie the duration of an entire charging cycle, increases. will be raised. Again, this does not evaluate the capacity itself but the change in capacity within a certain time interval. If, as a result of the approach of a human hand, this differential change exceeds a certain value over a certain period of time (in order to exclude individual disturbing events), the output unit is activated. In this case, this limit can be defined and stored in an electronic memory.
  • the sensitivity of the capacitive sensor is adjustable. Since the sanitary dispenser according to the invention are used in different areas, where, for example, the humidity more or less fluctuates or where the sensor area of the capacitive sensor is better or less accessible, can be adjusted by whether the output unit of the sanitary dispenser activated with a smaller or larger change in the sensor capacity becomes. It can be provided that this limit is infinitely adjustable.
  • the sanitary dispenser is powered by means of a battery.
  • the invention further relates to a method for dispensing sanitary products with a sanitary dispenser, wherein the sanitary dispenser can be designed as set forth above.
  • the sanitary dispenser comprises a capacitive sensor and an evaluation unit, wherein the temporal change of a sensor capacitance is determined, which is formed by a planar electrode arranged in or on the sanitary dispenser and the conductive surface of a body part and / or an object which is arranged in the exterior of the sanitary dispenser is, wherein the planar electrode is arranged on the front side of the housing substantially parallel to the housing wall.
  • An output unit arranged in the sanitary dispenser and operated by an electric motor is activated on account of the temporal change of the sensor capacity.
  • the capacitance itself is not evaluated, which may be problematical, in particular due to the changing parasitic capacitance C P.
  • the capacitive sensor and the evaluation unit only reacts to capacitive changes at specific time intervals, that is to say to temporal changes in the sensor capacitance C S , so that a capacitive motion sensor is realized.
  • a distinction can be made between a change of the sensor capacitance C S due to a slow change of the parasitic capacitance C P and a rapid change due to the approach of a body part, and false trips due to change of the parasitic capacitance C P can be avoided.
  • the time change of the sensor capacitance C S caused by the approach by a body part must therefore exceed a certain lower limit.
  • an upper limit for the temporal change of the sensor capacitance C S is present and stored in an electronic memory in the sanitary dispenser, so that the electric motor of the output unit is activated only if the time change of the sensor capacitance C S is between the upper and the lower limit.
  • Another source of problems relates to contamination by dripping on the sanitary dispenser water or soap scraps in a soap dispenser or wet papers or towels in a paper or towel dispenser.
  • contamination can result in a capacity increase which is well within the above-described range between lower and upper limits.
  • the increase in capacity caused by this only fades very slowly, by draining the water from the sanitary dispenser or the soap residue from the sanitary dispenser and drying the damp paper or the damp towels.
  • the approximation of a body part causes an increase in capacity between the very slow increase due to environmental influences - such as the increase in temperature - and sudden changes - such as by disturbances of electrical equipment - is.
  • the user's hand is directed towards the sanitary dispenser and then away from it. In between, the hand is braked.
  • This sequence of movements initially causes an increase in the sensor capacitance C S , which is followed by a short range with a substantially constant capacitance. Subsequently, the sensor capacitance C S falls back to the value before the approach. Similar capacitance changes also occur when the hand is moved past the sensor area at substantially the same distance.
  • the output unit or the electric motor of the output unit is activated only if the change in the sensor capacitance over time C S is in the range between the upper and lower limits and additionally has substantially the same values in a time interval before and after this time change.
  • This time interval can be between 0.2 s and 1.5 s, preferably between 0.2 s and 0.8 s.
  • the output unit is only activated when a capacity increase, which is between a lower and upper limit, a reduction in capacity takes place, the amount is also between a lower and upper limit.
  • the capacitive sensor or the evaluation unit can detect the difference between an interference signal and a hand approach as well as between a contamination and a hand approach. It can be provided that this time interval is also stored in an electronic memory of the sanitary dispenser. Furthermore, the upper and / or lower limit can be adjustable and / or stored in an electronic memory.
  • a charging duration and / or a discharge duration of the electrode is or will be measured in order to determine the temporal change of the sensor capacity.
  • this measured duration is compared with a reference time.
  • Fig. 1 a is a plan view of a sanitary dispenser 1 designed as a paper dispenser according to the invention.
  • an upper housing portion 2 is shown, for the replacement of the sanitary means 8 - in this case paper - from the rest of the housing 9 removable, or can be opened upwards.
  • a rear housing portion 2 is shown, for the replacement of the sanitary means 8 - in this case paper - from the rest of the housing 9 removable, or can be opened upwards.
  • Area are fastening means 6, such as screws, arranged so that the sanitary dispenser 1 according to the invention can be mounted on a wall.
  • Fig. 1 b is a front view of the sanitary dispenser 1 is shown.
  • a capacitive sensor 10 which has a planar electrode 11 is arranged behind a region 4 of the housing 9, ie inside the housing.
  • an output unit 12 which conveys the paper 13 and 15 from a roll 14 through the dispensing opening 7 so that it can be removed there by a user.
  • the area 4 is located near the dispensing opening 7.
  • an emergency button 5 is arranged, whose function will be explained in more detail below.
  • Fig. 1 c is a cross-sectional view of the paper dispenser Fig. 1 b along the line marked AA.
  • a roll 14 to be donated sanitary means 8 in this case paper 13, stored.
  • another paper roll 15 is stored as a reserve.
  • the dispensing unit 12 comprises a roller 16, which is operated by an electric motor 17 via gears 18 and the paper 13 is conveyed through the dispenser opening 7.
  • a capacitive sensor 10 is arranged, which activates the electric motor 17 and thus the output unit 12 via a control unit 19 and thus conveys a unit of the paper 13 through the dispensing opening 7.
  • a knife is arranged on the roller 16, which perforates or cuts a sheet of paper 13, for example, during each complete revolution, so that a user can easily remove it or easily tear it off.
  • the roller 16 continues to rotate until a piece of the next dispensing unit of the paper 13 passes through the dispenser opening 7. Is there a malfunction eg by paper jam or the output unit 12, for example, due to a malfunction of the capacitive sensor 10 is not triggered, an emergency button 5 is present, the operation of the engine 17 decoupled from the output unit 12 and manually turn the roller 16 so far that a Unit of the paper 13 can be removed.
  • sanitary dispenser 1 Further details of the sanitary dispenser 1 shown are not provided with reference numerals for reasons of clarity or not shown.
  • the dispensing unit 12 and the emergency button 5 for such a paper dispenser are known per se in the prior art and for example in the US 2007/0079684 disclosed.
  • the mode of operation of the capacitive sensor according to the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment of a paper dispenser illustrated here but can generally be used for sanitary dispensers 1 with an electrically operated dispensing unit 12.
  • Fig. 1 d is the perspective view of a sanitary dispenser 1 shown, wherein the area 2 of the housing is removed and no sanitary means 8 are arranged inside the housing. This is the situation that arises when refilling the sanitary dispenser 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of the housing interior of a sanitary dispenser 1 according to the invention shown.
  • the gears 18 are shown, which are on the one hand with the motor 17 and the roller 16, on the other hand with the emergency button 5 in conjunction to carry the paper 13 by means of the roller 16 through the dispenser opening 7.
  • the capacitive sensor 10 according to the invention is arranged inside the housing, wherein the electronics of the capacitive sensor 10s may comprise a planar electrode 11 and a microcontroller 24 with the integrated evaluation unit 19 'and the integrated control unit 19, and a switch 20 for activating the capacitive sensor 10.
  • the electronics also have a plug-in connection with which the electronics with the motor 17, the batteries or an external power source and the like can be connected.
  • the planar electrode 11 has an area of more than 25 cm 2 , for example 30 cm 2 . Thus, a large area is available so that the sensor capacitance C S delimits itself sufficiently from the parasitic capacitance C P when a user's hand 21 approaches the capacitive sensor 10.
  • Fig. 3a is a plan view of the capacitive sensor 10, including its electronics shown. On a large part of the sensor 10, the planar electrode 11 is arranged, which is shown hatched in this case, but which consists of a continuous sheet metal layer.
  • the electronics of the capacitive sensor 10 can be activated.
  • the control unit 19 transmits the control commands to the output unit 12 via connections 23 and / or plug connections 22.
  • the sensor 10 can be supplied, for example, with power and additionally or alternatively exchange control commands.
  • FIGS. 3b and 3c Side views of the capacitive sensor 10 are shown with the electronics.
  • Fig. 3d is a perspective view of the sensor 10 is shown with the electronics, the sensor 10 is very narrow and thus easily behind the area 4 of the housing 9 can be arranged.
  • planar electrode 11 In the case of cylindrical housing 9 but it would also be possible to form the planar electrode 11 also cylindrical.
  • the area of the capacitive sensor 10 next to the planar electrode 11 includes the electronic components, such as the microcontroller 24 with the integrated evaluation unit 19 'and the control unit 19, as well as other adjustment elements and the connector 22.
  • the microcontroller 24, the Fig. 3a to 3c is not explicitly shown, is known per se in the prior art and therefore need not be explained in detail.
  • Fig. 4a a schematic structure of the circuit and the required hardware modules for the capacitive sensor 10 according to the invention and an illustration of the operation of the same is shown.
  • the planar electrode 11 On the left edge of the capacitive sensor 10, the planar electrode 11 is shown, which is arranged together with the surface of a hand 21 and / or an object which is outside in the housing, the sensor capacitance C S forms. Without an approximate hand 21, the sensor capacitance C S consists only of the parasitic capacitance C P. By approaching a hand 21, the capacitance between the hand 21 and the planar electrode 11 C H is added to this parasitic capacitance C P so that the sensor capacitance C S results as the sum of C P and C H.
  • This change in the sensor capacitance C S is detected by the capacitive sensor 10 according to the invention, which leads to the triggering of the output unit 12 and to the output of a sanitary means 8, that is, for example, a sheet of paper 13. Furthermore, two clamping points 53 are arranged, which are formed for example by the legs of the microcontroller 24. All within The dashed line arranged components are hardware elements of the microcontroller 24th
  • the positive, non-inverted input 26 of the comparator 25 is connected to the planar electrode 11 and to the cathode of the diode 28.
  • At the negative input 27 of the comparator 25 is an internal reference voltage, which is, for example, 0.6 V DC.
  • the inverted output 33 of the comparator is connected to the anode of the diode 28.
  • the planar electrode 11 is discharged via the resistor R d .
  • the size of this resistor R d is adapted to the size of the planar electrode 11. Due to the installation direction of the diode 28, the planar electrode 11 is charged via the diode 28.
  • Kippschwingungszzillator which is also referred to as relaxation oscillator, with exactly one comparator 25.
  • the planar electrode 11 is part of this resonant circuit and determines its frequency by means of the time constant ⁇ , which is generally the product of resistance and capacitance for resonant circuits ,
  • the supply voltage may be in one embodiment, 5V DC voltage
  • the resonant circuit must first settle because present at the beginning of both inputs 26, 27 of the comparator 25 zero V. Due to the better clarity, the voltage source itself is not shown in this schematic representation.
  • the internal reference voltage is present at the negative input 27 of the comparator 25, the value of which may for example be between 0.4 V and 1.5 V, preferably about 0.6 V, whereas the positive input 26 is still at 0V .
  • the comparator 25 compares the two voltages with each other and switches, due to the inverted output 33 to "HIGH", ie at the output 33 is the supply voltage, so for example 5V DC, because the difference of the voltages at the inputs 26, 27 of the comparator 25 negative is.
  • the diode 28 is now conductive, whereby the planar electrode 11 is charged and forms a sensor capacitance C S.
  • the charging process should last only until the difference between the two applied to the inputs of the comparator 25 voltages is positive, due to the inertia of the comparator 25 (response time), the planar electrode 11 is substantially up to the supply voltage, so for example to 5V DC voltage charged, which is then just as positive Input 26 of the comparator is applied. Only then does the comparator 25 react and switch the inverted output 33 to "LOW", ie at the output 33 0V are present. The diode 28 now turns off and the planar electrode 11 begins to discharge via the resistor R d .
  • the charging pulses at the output 33 of the comparator 25 are only very short and the discharge time on the resistor R d is slower from equip, so that a sawtooth generated by the charging of the planar electrode 11. It is essential that with constant sensor capacitance C S, the time between the load pulses, ie the time between the switching of the comparator 25 from "LOW" to "HIGH” and vice versa is constant. Now moves an object in the vicinity of the planar electrode 11, ie in the vicinity of the capacitive sensor 10, the sensor capacitance C S increases by addition of C H , whereby the discharge process takes longer, since the time constant ⁇ of the resonant circuit is a product of the Resistor R d and the sensor capacitance C S is given.
  • the coupling-induced capacitance C K is implemented, which are mediated by the environment of the user's hand 21 and the environment of the medical dispenser 1. Creepage currents represented by the resistor R K flow through electrically conductive regions of this environment, while area regions which are spaced apart form capacitances which are given by the capacitance C K as a whole.
  • the capacitive sensor 10 has a first timer 29, via an electronic memory 30 by a software module is stored, via an internal clock 31 and a second timer 32.
  • the internal clock 31 and the timers 29, 32 are constructed from known electronic components. These components 29, 30, 31, 32, like the comparator 25, may be integrated in a microcontroller 24, which may be part of an evaluation unit 19 ', which measures the measured values, eg the measured times for the charging duration and / or the discharge duration the flat electrode 11 evaluates and via a control unit 19 ', the output unit 12 and the electric motor 17 of the output unit 12 is activated.
  • FIG. 4b The upper diagram represents the voltage over time over a plurality of charging cycles at the output 33 of the comparator 25. It can be clearly seen that the charging time, ie the charging pulses are only very short. In the lower diagram, the voltage at the input 26 of the comparator 25 over time over several charging cycles is shown. Clearly visible is the running in accordance with a time constant discharge, wherein the charging process begins in each case when the voltage falls below a certain value and the tilting oscillator thereby tilts.
  • Fig. 5 a flowchart is shown how a software stored in the electronic memory 30 evaluates the measured values.
  • the system is initialized in a step 34 and both timers 29, 32 and the comparator 25 are supplied with power.
  • the first timer 29 is fed by the charging pulses of the comparator 25, while the second timer 32 is powered by the internal clock 31, which acts as a clock.
  • the durations for the charging or the discharge of the planar electrode are very short, so that even during a change in value of the sensor capacitance C S as a result of the approach of a hand 21 more charging pulses take place and several times the charging and / or the discharge time is measured.
  • both timers 29, 32 are set to zero. Depending on the embodiment, these timers can count up to different highs. If twelve timers are provided for both timers 29, 32, both can count from 0 to 4,095. After this maximum value, the respective timer overflows and starts again at zero. Of course, it is also possible to use timers 29, 32 with other maximum values, ie a different bit structure.
  • the first timer 29 If the first timer 29 reaches its maximum level, for example 4.095, it overflows and sets the overflow bit T01 F of the first timer 29 to one. In a step 37, the value of these overflow bits is continuously polled. As soon as the value has changed from zero to one, the second timer 32 is stopped in a next step 38. Since this second timer 32 is fed by an internal clock 31 and thus increases its count after predetermined by the internal clock 31 clock, the reading of the count of the second timer 32 in a step 39 provides a time value.
  • the maximum level for example 4.095
  • This time value corresponds to the time for a number of charging cycles of the planar electrode 11 which correspond to the maximum value of the first counter 29, ie in this case how much time has elapsed until the planar electrode has been discharged 4,096 times. Since this duration is dependent on the size of the sensor capacitance C S , a change in this sensor capacitance C S, in particular a temporal change in the sensor capacitance C S, can be detected since the evaluation unit 19 'reads the count of the second timer 32 read in step 39 in an electronic memory 30 compares with previous values or with reference values stored there.
  • Fig. 6a the course of the sensor capacitance C S over a certain period of time is represented by the curved curve 41.
  • the step-shaped curve 42 represents the change .DELTA.C S.
  • the numerical values below this curve 42 denote in a relative unit the respective increase or the respective decrease of the sensor capacitance C S compared to the previously determined value.
  • the curve 43 gives the control signal transmitted by the control unit 19 'to the electric motor which is represented as a binary signal. As long as this signal is at 0, no activation of the motor 17 occurs. When the control signal jumps to 1, the electric motor 17 of the output unit 12 is activated, thereby outputting a unit of the sanitary means 8 to be dispensed.
  • the capacitive sensor 10 can distinguish between a noise or pollution and only in the case of approach of a body part, the electric motor 17 is activated.
  • the area 44 of Fig. 6a occurs a fault by electrical equipment such as by a near the sanitary dispenser 1 according to the invention dryer, which causes a very high and short capacity jump.
  • This erratic capacitance change of +9 and -7 units is outside of the upper and lower limits for capacity changes stored in the electronic memory 30. Only if the amount of change in the sensor capacitance C S is between this upper and lower limit, tripping can take place. In principle, no tripping can take place outside this upper limit and lower limit. This disturbance thus causes no triggering.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross section of a trained as a soap dispenser sanitary dispenser 1 according to the invention.
  • a tank 49 is arranged with the liquid soap, via a refill 48 further sanitary agent 8, ie more soap can be transported into the tank 49.
  • a capacitive sensor 10 is arranged at the bottom of the housing 3.
  • an electric motor activating an air pump 50 and a soap pump 51 is activated.
  • the dispenser opening 7 is provided with a foam generator 52 which mixes the air sucked by the air pump 50 with the soap sucked by the soap pump 51, so that soap scum is discharged through the dispenser opening 7.
  • sanitary dispenser is not limited to the embodiments shown in the figures, nor should be limited by them.
  • all sanitary dispensers provided with electrical actuation such as paper dispensers, towel dispensers, soap dispensers, disinfectant dispensers, and the like, are within the scope of the following claims.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Distributeur sanitaire (1), en particulier distributeur d'essuie-mains en papier ou de serviettes, comprenant un boîtier (9), dans lequel une unité de distribution (12) pour le produit sanitaire (8), et un capteur capacitif (10) sont disposés, et un moteur électrique (17), pouvant être activé sans contact par le capteur capacitif (10) depuis l'extérieur du boîtier, de l'unité de distribution (12), dans lequel la capacité de capteur (CS) du capteur capacitif (10) peut être réalisée par une électrode plate (11) disposée à l'intérieur du boîtier et la surface d'une partie de corps (21) approchée, et dans lequel la surface de la partie de corps (21) approchée servant à activer l'unité de distribution (12) forme l'électrode à charge inverse par rapport à l'électrode plate (11), caractérisé en ce que l'électrode plate (11) est disposée au niveau du côté frontal du boîtier sensiblement de manière parallèle par rapport à la paroi de boîtier.
  2. Distributeur sanitaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode plate (11) est formée par une couche de métal continue.
  3. Distributeur sanitaire selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode plate (11) est disposée directement derrière la paroi de boîtier, de préférence dans la zone (4) d'une ouverture de distributeur (7) avant.
  4. Distributeur sanitaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'électrode plate (11) fait partie d'un circuit oscillateur, de préférence d'un oscillateur de relaxation.
  5. Distributeur sanitaire selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur de relaxation comprend précisément un comparateur (25).
  6. Distributeur sanitaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le distributeur sanitaire (1) comprend une unité d'analyse (19'), dans lequel l'unité d'analyse (19') est réalisée de telle manière que la variation dans le temps de la capacité de capteur (CS) peut être déterminée.
  7. Distributeur sanitaire selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'analyse (19') est réalisée de telle manière que la variation dans le temps de la capacité de capteur (CS) peut être déterminée par la mesure d'une durée de chargement et/ou d'une durée de déchargement de l'électrode plate (11) et par une comparaison à un temps de référence.
  8. Distributeur sanitaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la sensibilité du capteur capacitif (10) peut être réglée, de préférence progressivement.
  9. Distributeur sanitaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le distributeur sanitaire (1) présente une batterie servant à l'alimentation en courant.
  10. Procédé servant à distribuer des moyens sanitaires avec un distributeur sanitaire (1), en particulier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel le distributeur sanitaire (1) comprend une unité de distribution (12) entraînée par un moteur électrique (17) pour un produit sanitaire (8) à distribuer, un capteur capacitif (10) et une unité d'analyse (19'), dans lequel le capteur capacitif (10) présente une électrode plate (11), qui forme, avec la surface d'une partie de corps (21) approchée, une capacité de capteur (CS), dans lequel la surface de la partie de corps (21) approchée forme l'électrode à charge inverse par rapport à l'électrode plate (11), caractérisé en ce que l'électrode plate (11) est disposée au niveau du côté frontal du boîtier sensiblement de manière parallèle par rapport à la paroi de boîtier, et en ce que la variation dans le temps de la capacité de capteur (CS) est déterminée, et le moteur électrique (17) de l'unité de distribution (12) du distributeur sanitaire (1) est activé du fait de la variation dans le temps de la capacité de capteur (CS).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une limite inférieure et une limite supérieure pour la variation dans le temps de la capacité de capteur (CS) sont enregistrées dans une mémoire électronique (30) dans le distributeur sanitaire (1), et le moteur électrique (17) de l'unité de distribution (12) est alors activé seulement quand la variation dans le temps de la capacité de capteur (CS) se situe entre la limite inférieure et la limite supérieure.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le moteur électrique (17) de l'unité de distribution (12) est alors activé seulement quand la capacité de capteur présente sensiblement les mêmes valeurs dans un laps de temps enregistré dans une mémoire électronique (30) dans le distributeur sanitaire (1) avant et après une variation dans le temps, située entre la limite inférieure et la limite supérieure, de la capacité de capteur (Cs).
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le moteur électrique (17) de l'unité de distribution (12) est alors activé seulement quand une baisse de la capacité de capteur (CS), dont le montant se situe entre une limite inférieure et une limite supérieure, a lieu après une augmentation de la capacité de capteur (CS), laquelle se situe entre une limite inférieure et une limite supérieure.
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des limites inférieures et/ou au moins une des limites supérieures peut ou peuvent être réglées.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'une durée de chargement et/ou une durée de déchargement de l'électrode plate (11) est détectée ou sont détectées et est comparée ou sont comparées à un temps de référence.
EP10717476.5A 2009-04-20 2010-04-14 Distributeur sanitaire à détecteur capacitif Revoked EP2421422B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0060109A AT508223B1 (de) 2009-04-20 2009-04-20 Sanitärspender mit kapazitivem sensor
PCT/AT2010/000102 WO2010121276A1 (fr) 2009-04-20 2010-04-14 Distributeur sanitaire à détecteur capacitif

Publications (2)

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EP2421422A1 EP2421422A1 (fr) 2012-02-29
EP2421422B1 true EP2421422B1 (fr) 2017-06-07

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EP (1) EP2421422B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT508223B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010121276A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
US20120061415A1 (en) 2012-03-15
US8395396B2 (en) 2013-03-12
EP2421422A1 (fr) 2012-02-29
WO2010121276A1 (fr) 2010-10-28
AT508223B1 (de) 2011-06-15
AT508223A1 (de) 2010-11-15

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