EP2398434A1 - Dispositif pour découper la cornée d'un il - Google Patents

Dispositif pour découper la cornée d'un il

Info

Publication number
EP2398434A1
EP2398434A1 EP10711619A EP10711619A EP2398434A1 EP 2398434 A1 EP2398434 A1 EP 2398434A1 EP 10711619 A EP10711619 A EP 10711619A EP 10711619 A EP10711619 A EP 10711619A EP 2398434 A1 EP2398434 A1 EP 2398434A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knife
blade
holder
cutting
cornea
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10711619A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Albert Daxer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT2852009A external-priority patent/AT507942A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2398434A1 publication Critical patent/EP2398434A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
    • A61F9/013—Instruments for compensation of ocular refraction ; Instruments for use in cornea removal, for reshaping or performing incisions in the cornea
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
    • A61F9/013—Instruments for compensation of ocular refraction ; Instruments for use in cornea removal, for reshaping or performing incisions in the cornea
    • A61F9/0133—Knives or scalpels specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for cutting the cornea of an eye for refractive power correction with an eye-attractable ring body, an applanator for corneal loading, and a knife for incising a blade guided to the ring body in an achsnormal management plane and the applanator upstream Pocket in the corneal tissue.
  • the so-called applanator can be designed as a stamp for the application of the cornea within the annular body.
  • Both the ring body and the applanator can be arranged in a frame.
  • the knife may be mounted in a guided on the frame in a guide body axially normal to the annular body holder, the knife can pass through the frame in a circumferential recess and is upstream of the Applanator.
  • the knife can further be pivoted on the holder for cutting a pocket having only a tunnel-like access in the corneal tissue on the one hand radially to the annular body and on the other hand about an axis perpendicular to the guide plane axis at each knife position within a range of cutting plane parallel to the guide plane, the knife thereby the peripheral recess interspersed with play and the holder carries a vibrator for an oscillating movement of the knife in the cutting plane.
  • US 2001/0004702 A1 proposes to attach a frame to the eye of a patient to which a holder for a movable knife is attached.
  • the knife passes through the frame in a circumferential recess, and is guided over a holder in a management plane.
  • This guide plane is parallel to the cutting plane of the knife, in which sectional plane a pocket is created in the cornea.
  • the knife is held down in its cutting plane on the frame resting with a spring, since slipping of the knife must be avoided by his approach to the cornea to create the tunnel-like access. It is comparatively difficult to penetrate the elastic and extremely firm outer layer of the cornea.
  • the knife must not bend when cutting, otherwise an exact cutting plane and avoiding perforation of the upper or lower layer of the cornea can not be guaranteed, which precludes a successful refractive power correction.
  • knives with high hardness for example, a diamond material
  • such knives are particularly sensitive to shear stresses, which precludes the use of such a knife in the device according to US 2001/0004702 A1 due to the support on the frame.
  • high severity of sharpness would occur.
  • Treatment inside the cornea via a tunnel-like approach has over other methods of refractive correction in which the corneal tissue either superficially removed (DE 34 33 581 A1) or the cornea for forming a fold-away cap wide cut (LASIK method), the advantage that hardly postoperative pain occur or the stability of the cornea is hardly affected because of the stability of the Corneal important upper layer, including, for example, the Bowman's membrane, mostly unharmed remains.
  • Treatment of the cornea via a tunnel-like access therefore offers a multitude of advantages over the other types of treatment.
  • the device allows for a wide range of refractive power corrections.
  • Blade and blade holder perforations of the cornea to be expected as serious complications.
  • the invention achieves the stated object in that the knife (in the sense of a blade which must be attached to a receptacle) is attached to a blade receptacle of a holder or socket, that the top of the blade receptacle, the top of the knife, at least within the penetration depth the knife-holder in the cornea, not surmounted.
  • the top of the knife receptacle or knife is that surface of the knife receptacle or knife that faces the applanator's landing surface. Accordingly, the underside of the blade receptacle or the knife is that surface of the blade receptacle or the knife, which faces away from the placement surface of the Applanators.
  • the knife receptacle allows the knife to not be attached directly to a movable support, such as that indicated by reference numeral 3 in Figure 1, or not directly to a mount as indicated by reference numeral 83 in Figures 18 to 21, but the blade holder forms an intermediate piece for the indirect attachment of the knife to the holder or socket.
  • the knife is fastened at a first location on the knife holder and attached to a second, different from the first location on the holder or socket.
  • the knife holder thus functions as an intermediate piece between knife and holder or socket.
  • the knife and the blade holder each have a preferably planar surface on the top and the knife has a flat surface on the bottom, the cutting edge of the knife extends equidistant from the two flat surfaces of the knife and during the cutting process, the distance of the highest point of the flat surface on the upper side of the blade holder to the contact surface of the Applanators (punch) measured perpendicular to the cutting plane is not smaller than the distance of the flat surface on the upper side of the knife to the contact surface of the Applanators (punch) perpendicular to Cutting plane measured.
  • the knife is provided with a shaft which is glued into the knife holder.
  • the shaft is roughened in a partial area on at least one side of the surface, wherein the roughened surface is glued to the blade holder.
  • the knife has no shaft in the strict sense, so the knife along its entire longitudinal extent has a cutting edge, see Fig. 22.
  • the blade in a partial area on at least one Side is roughened on the surface, wherein the roughening is glued to the blade holder.
  • the roughening is to be understood as an increase of the average surface roughness compared to the remaining blade surface (in the case of knives with shank opposite the cutting region) by at least a factor of 1, 1. Even better compounds are available with roughening by a factor of 2 to 100 or even higher to reach.
  • the geometric shape of the roughening can be macroscopic and microscopic. Microscopically, it can be in the form of grooves, bumps and other elevations and depressions.
  • the height between the lowest and the next highest point (“mountain valley heights") of the roughening should preferably be over 40 nm. Ideally, the "mountain valley heights" of the roughening are between 100 nm and 600 nm, in particular around 400 nm.
  • the roughening is generated by means of a laser beam. But it can also be generated chemically by means of etching or mechanically or in another way.
  • the blade receptacle is also roughened in a region which corresponds to the roughened region of the blade or of the shaft.
  • the roughening and its production correspond to those of the knife.
  • adhesives all adhesives are suitable which can ensure sufficient resistance and hardness even under steam sterilization conditions.
  • epoxy or Epoxidharzklebsoff in question.
  • such an epoxy adhesive should be designed as a two-component adhesive consisting of resin and hardener, with, for example, 100 parts by weight of resin and 10 to 20, most preferably around 13, parts by weight of hardener.
  • filler alumina can be used.
  • the adhesive should be such that the cure does not take more than 24 hours at room temperature or, ideally, less than 3 hours at 250 ° C.
  • the thermal expansion of the finished adhesive bond should be as low as possible and not exceed 10x10 "5 / ° C. In a particular embodiment, it is 6.4x10 " 5 / ° C.
  • the adhesive bond should be multiply sterilizable and have a deformation temperature of at least 150 ° C (ideally at least 200 ° C).
  • the adhesive bond should have a density of less than 2.5 g / cm 3 (between 1 and 2 g / cm 3 ), eg 1.9 g / cm 3 .
  • the volume shrinkage of the adhesive in the hardening process is less than 1% (ideally 0.3% or less, eg 0.2%).
  • the hardness should be between D70 and D90, ideally about D80 or D85.
  • the weight loss should be below 1% (ideally 0.5% or less) over 500 hours at sterilization temperatures above 134 ° C, eg 0.5% over 1000h at 200 ° C.
  • the knife can be connected via the roughened part of the knife shank or of the knife by a suitable adhesive connection to the knife holder such that the knife holder on the applanator or its abutment surface (applanation surface) facing side to the shaft geometry (see Fig. 14) or to the knife geometry (see Fig. 22) has corresponding recess.
  • This depression should have at least an area of 1 mm 2 in its extent. In any case, the base of the recess is at least as large as the base of the shaft of the knife.
  • the depth of the depression in the blade receptacle should be designed such that the surface of the blade receptacle facing the contact surface (applanation surface) does not protrude further than the corresponding surface of the blade facing the contact surface in the direction of contact surface (applanation surface) with an existing adhesive bond.
  • a further improvement of the cutting function is possible in a not superficially located cutting edge in that the top of the blade holder does not protrude beyond the cutting edge. Since the applanator prevents a deviation of the tissue in front of the knife during cutting, the tissue has to escape when the knife penetrates into the cornea "backwards", ie in the direction of the anterior chamber of the eye, or the blade or knife settles against the surface and If the upper side of the knife attachment does not project beyond the upper side of the knife or its cutting edge, the knife does not sink from the contact surface (applanation surface) when deeply penetrating into the cornea and the depth of cut on the front of the knife remains constant, allowing for an accurate guided incision and a well defined corneal pocket Unequal depths on opposite sides of a pocket can lead to errors in refractive power correction and complications such as "extrusion" of Guide ring implants through the corneal surface.
  • the upper side of the blade receptacle does not project beyond the upper side of the blade or its cutting edge, it is also possible for an exact cut to be achieved despite penetration of the blade receptacle into the cornea.
  • This in turn means that shorter blades or blades can be used, which increases the stability of the blades in terms of cutting accuracy. If the knife holder can not penetrate into the cornea, only comparatively long blades can be used to produce the pocket. The longer a blade is, the more "bendable" it is and the less accurate a constant depth of cut can be kept, which is of particular importance when cutting into the cornea because the thickness of the cornea is only about 500 ⁇ m (0.5 mm).
  • a drawn cut By the execution of the knife as a longitudinal blade (ie as an elongated, rather narrow knife) with a cutting edge along at least one longitudinal side, a drawn cut can be performed.
  • cutting edge one designates the beveled areas compared to the plan top or bottom of the knife, which form the cutting edge in their cutting line.
  • the blade width should not exceed 4 mm. Ideal are 2 to 2.5 mm blade width. In particular embodiments, for example, for small pocket widths (less than 6 mm) and a penetration depth of the bag to just above the middle of the cornea, the blade width can also be up to 6 mm and above.
  • the thickness of the blade should be between 100 and 250 ⁇ m, ideally 150 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the length of the shaft should be 1 to 3 mm, ideally around 2 mm.
  • the shank is ideally the same width or narrower than the knife in the Cutting area. It can be the same thickness or thinner than the knife in the cutting area.
  • the blade receptacle may also be inclined from the lateral edges (the edges parallel to the longitudinal axis of the blade) toward the center of the blade receptacle.
  • the thickness of the blade receptacle may increase toward the bottom at the bottom of the lateral edges of the blade receptacle.
  • the upper side of the knife holder at least as far as the knife holder penetrates into the cornea, runs flat and preferably parallel to the cutting plane, this has the advantage that there is no influence on the tissue in front of the knife (between knife and corneal surface).
  • the knife made of a particularly hard material, such as diamond, ruby, semiconductor materials or ceramics.
  • the knife can generally also be made of metallic materials. Comparatively unfavorable cutting conditions arise with ductile or metallic blades, even if they have diamond-coated surfaces or cutting edges (diamond-coated).
  • metallic blades can be very easily connected by means of adhesive with a knife holder.
  • the shaft of the diamond blade is usually edged with the blade receptacle from all sides and this mount is often reinforced by means of adhesive bonding.
  • an enclosure of the blade or the shaft through the blade holder also from the top side leads to the mentioned considerable cutting inaccuracies with the risk of corneal perforation.
  • the knife holder can be made of any material, preferably of metal (steel), or of other materials such. Ceramics (ZrO), ruby, or hard plastic.
  • the blade receptacle can be tapered in the region of the blade shank or even farther away from the blade relative to the blade width which can be cut.
  • the knife holder can, however - alternatively or additionally - be shaped or ground laterally to a cutting edge.
  • the blade receptacle may be an integral part of the support of the blade carried on a rack, i. be formed integrally with the holder.
  • the preferably non-metallic knife forms a puncture tip, this facilitates the penetration of the knife from its attachment to the cornea. If the knife additionally has a cutting edge tapered towards the cutting tip, a narrow tunnel-like access into the cornea can be created with a radial adjustment of the blade, which is useful for the stability of the cornea.
  • the knife By forming the knife as a longitudinal blade with at least one, but preferably two along the longitudinal sides running cutting edges with appropriate, which run at the end facing away from the blade receiving against a puncture tip, it can be provided that the cut edges equidistant from the upper, the applanation surface facing Side of the knife and the lower, the applanation surface facing away from the knife is mounted.
  • the cut edges may extend along both longitudinal sides of the knife, preferably parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the knife, and at an angle alpha of less than 90 °, ideally about 70 ° (between 60 and 80 °) at the end facing away from the knife-receiving end against the puncture tip run.
  • the cutting edge (or rather the surface of the cutting edge) is chamfered to the surface with an angle beta of 10 ° to 25 ° (ideally 15 ° to 20 °).
  • the cutting edge should be at least 3 mm long and at most 8 mm long, preferably 5-7 mm, regardless of the position of the cut edge.
  • the cut edge can preferably be continued resident on the knife holder.
  • the continuation of the cutting edge on the knife holder can be up to 7 mm - ideally by 5 mm, so that a knife can effectively be used cutting up to 12 mm (ideally between 5 mm and 12 mm).
  • the knife holder can have a further, ie second knife, in which the cutting edge of the actual knife continues. This second knife may for example be attached to the top of the remaining blade holder.
  • a receptacle is provided for the Applanator, which is made in two parts, wherein the two parts together form a circumferential groove for guiding a holder for the knife, it is achieved that the two parallel surfaces of the circumferential groove, between which the knife guide precise and practical is moved without play, can be performed in parallel with a very high accuracy.
  • the knife and the knife holder enforce the peripheral recess of the frame with play, it is ensured that the knife when moving, especially when inserting the knife into its cutting position, does not rest on the frame, so that damage to the knife or the Cutting edge of the knife can be excluded. It is therefore possible to use relatively hard materials for the knife, since the brittleness of these usually very hard materials can be disregarded. In contrast to US 2001/0004702 A1, therefore, no breakage or impairment of the cutting edge of a knife must be expected, since the knife is guided without contact with its sensitive parts, as a result of which knives having high cutting capability and small dimensions can be used.
  • the tunnel-like access connects very precisely to the point where previously the knife has been attached to the cornea.
  • the penetration of the knife is facilitated by the fact that the holder preferably carries a vibrator for a vibration of the knife in the cutting plane in the area of the blade receptacle.
  • the elasticity of the outer layer of the cornea can be overcome without having to reckon with increased impressions of the surface of the cornea.
  • the cutting process is almost force-free by the vibrator, so that even with extremely sharp knives occurring, attributable to the knife movement, tissue movement due to the elasticity and toughness of the fabric can be excluded. This ensures a particularly drawn cut for a high cutting accuracy.
  • the receptacle is designed as a changeover receptacle for stop-limited recording of applanators (stamps) with differently curved contact surfaces for contacting the cornea, wherein the contact surfaces in successive sections determine pockets for defining a lenticular tissue body, then it is possible to cut out a tissue volume from a tunnel-like access, without that a corneal cap must be cut for this purpose.
  • the cut-out lenticular tissue body may then be withdrawn via the tunnel-like access, whereby it is possible according to the invention to create a defined cavity in the cornea and to negligibly affect the stability of the cornea compared to the other methods. This makes it possible to create a tissue lens in the cornea, with which a defective vision can be corrected.
  • the applanator is made of transparent material, the surgeon is given the opportunity to set the contact surface or the cutting process easy way to watch. If, in addition, the applanator (stamp) is designed as a magnifying lens whose focal point lies in the area of the contact surface for the application of the cornea, preferably on the stamp symmetry axis, this monitoring is made even easier.
  • the transparent applanator (stamp) has markings on its side facing the eye for determining the size of the placement surface of the Applanators (stamp) and the cut surface on the eye.
  • the holder for the knife has an actuating drive which normally acts in the direction of the cutting plane of the knife, it is possible for a surgeon to easily adjust the depth of the incised pocket to the corneal surface, since the distance between the knife and the applanator (punch) resp The contact surface of the Applanators (stamp) can be adjusted on the eye.
  • the holder for the knife for example, consists of a lever system comprising at least two lever arms with pivot axes normally standing on the cutting plane of the knife. If one arm takes up the knife and the other arm is articulated on the frame, the knife can not only be displaced radially relative to the annular body in a simple constructive manner, but also be pivoted about its axis perpendicular to its guide plane.
  • the holder for the knife comprises a fork-like knife guide, which is guided as possible clearance between parallel surfaces of the frame provided on the frame, in particular on the receiving circumferential groove.
  • This embodiment is not only particularly simple in their construction, but also gives the surgeon the leeway in which he can move the knife.
  • a vibrator may be designed and arranged such that the knife performs an oscillating movement with an amplitude smaller than 0.2 mm, preferably smaller than 0.1 mm, in particular smaller than 0.05 mm.
  • a vibrator may be configured and arranged such that the knife performs an oscillatory motion having a frequency greater than 400 hertz, preferably greater than 700 hertz.
  • the oscillating movement of the knife by a vibrator is not a relevant direct cutting movement for the production of the corneal pocket dar.
  • the influence of vibration on the cutting process is rather indirect because of the relatively lower amplitude of movement and is that the actual knife movement to the design of the corneal pocket by the vibration of the knife is facilitated and improved in its accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device in a partially sectioned side view according to the state of
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a device in a partially sectioned
  • FIG. 3a to c are sectional views of the knife of the apparatus of Figure 1 or 2 in a plan view, Fig. 3d cut with the cut guides of Figs. 3a to 3c
  • Fig. 4a a stamped cornea with an attached knife for creating a bag in cross-section
  • FIG. 4b shows the pocket of an unbound cornea created according to FIG. 4a in cross section, FIG.
  • Fig. 5 shows the attachment of the knife to the holder, which is a fork-like
  • Knife guide comprises, according to the prior art Fig. 6a-c cutting guides for cutting a lenticular
  • Fig. 7 shows a construction variant of a punch with a curvable
  • 10 is a plan view of the device with an inserted transparent stamp
  • FIG. 13 a knife according to the invention glued into the knife receptacle
  • FIG. 20 shows an exemplary embodiment of a blade receptacle according to the invention for a device from FIG. 19 in plan view, FIG.
  • FIG. 21 shows an exemplary embodiment of a blade receptacle according to the invention for a device from FIG. 19 in a partially sectioned side view, FIG.
  • Fig. 22 top view and side view of an embodiment in which the cutting edge of the knife is continued on a second knife which is mounted behind the first knife on the knife holder.
  • the devices for cutting a cornea 1 of an eye generally comprise a frame 2 and a holder 3 for a knife 4.
  • the frame 2 has a suctionable to the eye ring body 5 and a coaxial with the ring body 5 adjustable punch 7 and / or a coaxial with the ring body 5 adjustable receptacle 6 for a punch 7 for cornea loading within the ring body 5.
  • the cornea 1 thus protrudes through the ring body 5, within which, in particular offset in height to the ring body 5, the punch 7 is located to the cornea.
  • a thread 8 is provided on the annular body 5, in which a rotatably mounted on the receptacle 6 nut 9 engages.
  • the receptacle 6 or the plunger 7 can be adjusted relative to the ring body 5 or the cornea 1. If one waives the adjustability of the receptacle 6, the same variability can equivalently be generated by the use of different frame dimensions or stamp dimensions.
  • the punch 7 or more generally, the applanator can be pivoted in any embodiment with respect to the receptacle 6 coaxially displaceable and / or equivalent from the side.
  • the holder 3 for the knife 4 is guided in a on the frame 2 in an axis normal to the ring body 5 level and the knife 4 passes through the frame 2 in a circumferential recess 10 with clearance and is the punch 7 upstream.
  • the knife 4 is guided by the holder 3 such that the knife 4 on the holder 3 for cutting a only a tunnel-like access 1 1 having pocket 12 in the corneal tissue on the one hand radially to the ring body 5 slidably and on the other hand pivotable about an axis perpendicular to the guide plane is, which can be seen in particular in Figures 3a to 3c. It is conceivable that the cutting plane E of the blade 4 is also located in the guiding plane of the blade 4.
  • the knife 4 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is replaced by a knife 4, which is fastened to a knife holder 50, the knife holder 50 being connected to the holder 3.
  • This can be done for example by means of a fork-like knife guide 28, which is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the knife receptacle 50 in FIG. 5 protrudes with its upper side beyond the upper side of the knife 4, which can be recognized from the fact that the shank of the knife 4 can only be seen in the knife receptacle 50 on the basis of the sectional representation, which is the same in accordance with FIG According to the invention, therefore, the blade receptacle in Fig. 5 is to be reduced in thickness so that its top does not protrude above the top of the blade 4.
  • a stamp 7 is first pressed onto the corneal surface in such a way that the cornea 1 is deformed in a defined manner corresponding to the placement surface 13 of the stamp 7, which is the cornea 1 imprints the shape of the punch 7. With such a pressure of the cornea 1, a correspondingly large pocket 12 can then be cut into the cornea 1. If the punch 7 then acts on the cornea 1 accordingly, the knife 4 is attached to the cornea 1 and the outer tissue layers of the cornea 1 are severed to create a tunnel-like access 11. It is of crucial importance that the knife 4 does not slide off its approach to the corneal surface.
  • the invention therefore has on the one hand a knife 4, that the frame recess 10 passes through with play, and on the other hand, the holder 3 carries a vibrator 14 for a Vibration of the knife 4 in the sectional plane E, which can be seen in FIG. 5.
  • the knife 4 Due to the play-free penetration of the peripheral recess 10 of the frame, the knife 4 is not, as in the prior art, on, so that damage to the blade 4, in particular the blade of the blade 4, can be excluded. Therefore, particularly hard and brittle materials for the knife 4 can be used, which due to the resulting high sharpness of the knife 4 slipping when penetrating the cornea 1 as well as excludes.
  • the holder 3 preferably has a vibrator 14 embodied as a piezoelectric element, which vibrates in the sectional plane E of the blade 4 and thus acts on the blade 4 held by springs 15 on the holder 3 with the aid of a web 16 resting against the piezoelectric element. It is conceivable, however, to use an unbalance motor or another suitable vibration source instead of the piezo element. If the tunnel-like access 1 1 cut through the outer tissue layers of the cornea 1, then the knife for cutting a pocket 12 is guided so that no further connections to the corneal surface arise.
  • the pocket 12 and the tunnel-like access 1 1 can be expanded by spreading with a suitable instrument, whereby the introduction of implants can be facilitated.
  • a preferably foldable or deformable implant can be introduced into the implantation bed in the cornea 1 by means of a further device. The implant then unfolds in the pocket 12 in the desired shape.
  • the receptacle 6 for the punch 7 is designed as a change recording for stop-limited recording of punches 7 with differently curved contact surfaces 13 for the application of the cornea.
  • this stop 17 can be seen.
  • pockets 12 for limiting a lenticular tissue body 18 can be determined in a simple manner in successive sections.
  • the frame 2 does not have to be removed by the eye during the change of the stamp, it can be ensured with a changeover that a lenticular tissue body 18 of predetermined size is always cut out, which is not the case with the known devices.
  • the lenticular tissue body 18 may be constructed according to FIGS. 6a to 6c.
  • a second pocket 12 - embossed by a further stamp 7 with a differently curved attachment face 13- is cut ( Figures 6b and c).
  • the punch 7 must either be exchanged or changed with regard to its contact surface 13, as is possible, for example, with a punch 7 according to FIG. 7.
  • a cut-out lenticular tissue body 18 (FIG. 6c) is produced in addition to a new pocket 12, which can be pulled out, for example with tweezers, through the tunnel-like access 11.
  • the lenticular tissue body corresponds in its shape to the difference of the differently curved contact surfaces 13 of the two punches 7 or the desired diopter change by a corresponding change in the anterior corneal curvature.
  • the punch 7 has a surface-engraved gripping surface 36 in its upper region (FIG. 8e), so that a simple change of the punch 7 becomes possible. It is useful that the punch 7 of the receptacle 6 protrudes in order to be taken so easy.
  • the knife 4 for the second cut can be lowered slightly deeper into the cornea 1 cut ( Figures 8a and 8b). This can be achieved by the fact that the normal distances h1 and h2 of the peripheral edges of the contact surfaces 13 of the punches 7 inserted successively into the receptacle 6 are different from the sectional plane E of the knife 4. Exemplary embodiments of various contact surfaces 13 of punches 7 can be found in FIGS. 8a to 8g again.
  • the dimensions of the lens-shaped fabric body 18 cut out with the stamps according to FIGS. 8a and 8b and 8c and 8d are indicated by hatching.
  • the preferably non-metallic knife 4 forms according to FIG. 9 a puncture tip 19 with two outgoing from this tip cutting 20. Just a puncture tip 19 has been proven especially for penetrating the outer layer of the cornea 1 and to create a tunnel-like access 1 1.
  • the shape of the knife 4 is similar to that of a double-edged engraving knife.
  • the punches 7 are preferably made of transparent material, such as plastic or glass, and, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, are designed as magnifying lenses 21 whose focal point lies in the region of the contact surface 13, preferably on the punch symmetry axis 22. With such a formation of a punch 7, it is comparatively easy for a surgeon to monitor the progress of the treatment of the cornea 1.
  • the transparent stamp 7 has markings 23 on the side facing the eye. These markings 23 allow an operator, for example, to orient himself as best as possible with regard to the approach of the knife 4 for a tunnel-like access. It is also possible to apply markings 23 for the optical treatment zone so as to indicate to a surgeon the limits of the pocket 12 to be cut.
  • the transparent stamp has 7 markings 23 on its side facing away from the eye, which are in connection with markings 23 on the receptacle 6 for the punch 7 (Fig. 10). This makes it possible for the surgeon to carry out 6 refractive power corrections, in particular astigmatism, by means of a twisting offset of the punch 7 for receiving.
  • the holder 3 consists of at least two lever arms 26 comprehensive lever system with normal to the cutting plane E of the knife 4 standing pivot axes 27, wherein a lever arm 26 receives the knife 4 and the other lever arm 26 on the frame 2, preferably on the recording 6, is articulated.
  • the holder 3 may also comprise a fork-like knife guide 28 receiving the knife 4, which is guided as far as possible between parallel surfaces 29 of a circumferential groove 30 provided on the frame 2, in particular on the receptacle 6.
  • the knife 4 is arranged offset to the fork-like knife guide 28, wherein the distance between the cutting plane E of the knife 4 and contact surface 13 of the punch 7 can be adjusted by means of an actuator 31 in the form of a screw drive.
  • the fork-like knife guide 28 can be easily inserted, a nub 35 is provided on the receptacle 6.
  • the punch 7 is fixable in the receptacle 6 by means of negative pressure.
  • 32 air can be sucked out of a chamber between recording and stamp via a line.
  • the stamp is designed for this purpose in the form of a truncated cone, which allows easy insertion of the stamp.
  • the pressure line other mechanical holders are used, such as a bayonet lock, magnetic, electromagnetic, hydraulic or other equivalent mechanisms. Similarly, this is done with a suction of the ring body 5 to the eye through a pressure line 34.
  • a pressure line 34 In Fig.
  • the knife 4 has a shaft 41 for attachment of the blade 4 in the blade holder 50 and a cutting portion 42, and a roughened area 43 on at least one side of the shaft 41, which is a portion of the surface of the Bottom of the shaft 41 may be.
  • the cutting region 42 is that longitudinal region of the knife which carries a cutting edge and with which consequently can be cut. That longitudinal area of the knife which does not carry any cutting edge, for example the shaft 41 of the knife, does not belong to the cutting area.
  • the shank may be tapered relative to the cutting region 42 (FIG. 11) or the same width (FIG. 22) or in FIG special cases, such as when the cutting edge is continued on the knife holder or a second knife, be even wider.
  • the planar top 51 of the blade holder 50 and planar top 44 of the blade form a common planar surface.
  • the cutting edge is here drawn on the planar upper side 44 of the knife, but it can also run centrally between the upper side 44 and lower side 46 of the cutting region 42 of the knife 4.
  • the upper side 51 of the blade receptacle should not project beyond the cutting edge 45 of the blade 4, for which reason a corresponding recess 52 is provided.
  • the cutting edge 45 is arranged in contrast to FIG. 12 in the middle between the top 44 and bottom 46 of the knife.
  • the roughened area 43 and the roughened recess 52 are again connected together by means of adhesive 60.
  • a worsened embodiment results if, with a symmetrical cutting edge (in the middle between the top and bottom of the blade), the top 51 of the blade holder 50 projects beyond the cutting edge 45 of the blade 4 but does not project beyond the top 44 of the blade 4.
  • Fig. 14 the knife of Fig. 13 is shown in plan view.
  • the knife 4 is a longitudinal blade with two along the longitudinal sides extending cutting edges 45th executed, run at the end facing away from the blade receiving against a puncture tip 19.
  • the cut edges 45 run parallel along both longitudinal sides of the knife and run toward the puncture tip 19 at an angle alpha of approximately 70 ° on the end facing away from the knife receptacle.
  • the cutting edge 20, that is to say the regions that are beveled in comparison to the planar upper or lower side of the knife and that form the cutting edge 45 in their section line, is beveled towards the surface with an angle beta of approximately 15 °, see FIG.
  • the cutting edge measures a length of at least 3 mm and preferably 5 mm.
  • the cutting edge 45 or the cutting edge 20 is continued resident in the blade holder 50, see reference numeral 53.
  • Cutting edge on the knife holder can be up to 7 mm long - ideally by 5 mm, so that the knife can effectively be used cutting up to 12 mm (ideally between 5 mm and 12 mm).
  • the knife is made to a thickness of less than 300 microns - ideally between 100 microns and 200 microns - so that the cutting edge is preferably a constant 50 to 100 microns equidistant from the knife surfaces 44, 46.
  • the knife is about 2 mm wide and has on the knife receptacle 50 facing the end of a shaft 41, which is about 2 mm long and at least 1 mm wide.
  • the geometry of the shank can basically be arbitrary.
  • the thickness of the shank in this embodiment is identical to the thickness of the blade.
  • the shaft 41 is roughened on the side facing away from the applanation surface 13 with respect to the remaining blade surface (reference numeral 43).
  • the remaining knife surface is preferably lapped and very smooth.
  • the roughening surface should be at least 1 mm 2 , but ideally 2 mm 2 or more.
  • the three side surfaces of the shaft can be roughened.
  • the stem may also be thickened or thinned relative to the cutting blade.
  • the freedom of movement of the knife 4 in the cutting plane (cut surface) E is at least in the radial direction in any position within the cut surface.
  • the knife is radially movable in different directions and pivotable about an axis perpendicular to the cutting plane.
  • the knife is in every position within the cut surface freely alignable and movable in all directions of the cutting plane.
  • a limiting mechanism such as limiting the amplitude of a reciprocating motion to particular levels of amplitude along the forward motion of the blade, may be provided.
  • such a limitation of the amplitude of a lateral movement is not provided.
  • additional vibration which, with the knife resting (no radial and / or pivotal movement) does not cause any actual cutting path, can be added as a third component of motion.
  • the vibration is preferably of such a low deflection and sufficiently high frequency that it is not visible to the naked eye.
  • the amplitude is preferably less than 0.2 mm (ideally less than 0.1 mm or even less than 0.05 mm) and the frequency preferably greater than 400 hertz (ideally greater than 700 hertz).
  • the punch 7 should have a height (along the central axis) of more than 1 cm.
  • the stamp 7 may e.g. be fixed with a lever device in the frame 2.
  • the blade receptacle 50 may be integral with the support 3 of the blade 4 carried on the frame 2, i. be formed integrally with the holder 3. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the blade receptacle 50 would be correspondingly part of the fork-like blade guide 28.
  • the receptacle 6 of FIGS. 1 and 2 can also be designed in two parts as shown in FIG. 16, so that an upper receiving part 70 forms a top surface 29-1 of the circumferential groove 30 by a flange-like extension, while a lower receiving part 71 forms a flange-like extension bottom surface 29-2 of the circumferential groove 30 forms.
  • the two receiving parts 70, 71 are connected via a connection 72, preferably an adhesive, or by other means, such as a fit or a thread, connected together.
  • the upper receiving part 70 rests in a recess on the lower receiving part 71.
  • the surfaces 29-1 and 29-2 can be turned from the "front" plane, while in a one-piece design by a "puncturing chisel” the circumferential groove 30 must be removed. It has been shown that the latter method leads to a significantly lower parallelism of the surfaces 29-1, 29-2 than the first method. In particular, in the latter method then the circumferential groove 30 in the outer, remote from the axis 22 area, rather thicker, the areas 29-1, 29-2 there so far apart as centrally (close to the axis). This can lead to significant incision inaccuracies with danger to the eyesight of the patient.
  • FIG. 17 shows an exemplary embodiment for limiting the blade movement to a substantially purely linear drive.
  • the device according to the invention has no vibrator and / or when the fork-like knife guide 28 of FIG. 5 and the circumferential groove 30 are designed on the receptacle 6 of the frame 2 for the applanator 7 so that only a linear or radial Movement (propulsion) of the knife in the cornea, ie without substantial pivotability or reciprocating motion, is given.
  • a restriction to a merely radial or linear movement can be achieved, for example, when the outer sides of the circumferential groove 30 and the inner sides of the fork-like knife guide 28 run free of play or virtually parallel to each other with little play.
  • FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 show a corresponding embodiment of the prior art according to US Pat. No. 6,599,305 B1. They show a device which also has a ring body 5.
  • a socket 83 which has both a knife and an applanator, which occupies a fixed distance from the knife, pushed straight forward.
  • the knife oscillates, mediated by the socket 83 about the forward direction with an amplitude that determines the pocket width.
  • the knife is clamped on both sides (laterally) in the socket 83.
  • a ductile material metal
  • solid materials such as diamond, ceramic, etc. would break when laterally clamped in the socket 83.
  • a knife holder which is fastened to the holder 83
  • materials can also be combined.
  • a knife holder 50 clamped which carries the knife 4.
  • the upper side of the blade receptacle 50 does not project beyond the upper side of the blade 4 or its cutting edge.
  • the knife 4 is shown cut in Fig. 21.
  • the guide 83 is equivalent to the holder 3.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the cutting edge of the knife is continued on the knife holder up to 7 mm, ideally by 5 mm, so that a knife can effectively be used intersecting up to 12 mm (ideally between 5 mm and 12 mm) is, see Fig. 14.
  • the Cutting edge 45 of the blade 4 is in a plane extending on the blade holder
  • this cutting edge 45 on the knife holder 50 can also be realized by means of a second knife 55 attached there. The cutting edge 45 of the knife 4 then continues into the cutting edge 56 of the knife 55.
  • the length of the cut edge 45 is between 4 and 6 mm (ideally 5 mm) and that of the cut edge 56 is between 2 and 6 mm (ideally 4 mm).
  • Border line 57 between the two blades 4, 55, which then collide with each other, may be arbitrarily shaped and is straight in FIG. 22.
  • the knife 4 in Fig. 22 has no shaft 41 in the true sense, it consists only of a cutting area 42nd
  • the second knife 55 could also be omitted, the
  • Knife receptacle 50 lies or these overlaps are referred to as the shaft 41.
  • the shaft geometry can basically be arbitrary.
  • oscillation or vibration may be provided as support for the cutting motion. Of course you can also work without oscillation and vibration.
  • Propulsion axis is in itself a relevant cutting movement, the incision in the tissue along the deflection so determines the pocket size and pocket size in the cornea or at least contributes directly to it.
  • the movement of the knife by a vibrator (vibration) is not a relevant direct cutting motion for the production of the corneal pocket dar.
  • Pocket size or pocket size is not or not significantly determined by the direct blade movement due to vibration. The influence of vibration on the cutting process is comparatively smaller

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif pour découper la cornée d'un œil afin de corriger la réfringence de celle-ci. Ce dispositif comporte un corps annulaire pouvant être appliqué contre l'œil, un dispositif d'aplanation (7) pour agir sur la cornée, et une lame (4) guidée vers le corps annulaire dans un plan de guidage perpendiculaire à l'axe et montée en amont du dispositif d'aplanation (7) pour inciser une poche dans le tissu de la cornée. Afin de ne pas altérer, lors de l'introduction du support dans la poche de la cornée, la hauteur de coupe et avec elle la précision de coupe, il est prévu que la lame (4) soit fixée à un logement de lame (50) d'un support ou d'une monture, de telle sorte que la face supérieure (51) du logement de lame (50) ne dépasse pas la face supérieure (44) de la lame (4), au moins à l'intérieur de la profondeur d'introduction du logement de lame (50) dans la cornée.
EP10711619A 2009-02-20 2010-02-19 Dispositif pour découper la cornée d'un il Withdrawn EP2398434A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2852009A AT507942A1 (de) 2009-02-20 2009-02-20 Schneidevorrichtung für die hornhaut eines auges
AT16602009 2009-10-21
AT17662009 2009-11-06
AT2522010 2009-11-17
PCT/EP2010/052123 WO2010094766A1 (fr) 2009-02-20 2010-02-19 Dispositif pour découper la cornée d'un œil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2398434A1 true EP2398434A1 (fr) 2011-12-28

Family

ID=42173205

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10711619A Withdrawn EP2398434A1 (fr) 2009-02-20 2010-02-19 Dispositif pour découper la cornée d'un il

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20120035636A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2398434A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102365066B (fr)
RU (1) RU2528853C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010094766A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160120700A1 (en) * 2014-11-03 2016-05-05 Taehee Han Intrastromal Corneal Reshaping Method and Apparatus for Correction of Refractive Errors Using Ultra-Short and Ultra-Intensive Laser Pulses
MD1048Z (ro) * 2016-02-11 2017-01-31 ОП ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ МЕДИЦИНСКИЙ И ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. НИКОЛАЯ ТЕСТЕМИЦАНУ РЕСПУБЛИКИ МОЛДОВА Dispozitiv pentru secţionarea corneei

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US700053A (en) * 1902-03-07 1902-05-13 Thomas Boulton Kendell Knife for guillotine paper-cutting machines.
SU1011120A1 (ru) * 1981-12-10 1983-04-15 Sholomyantsev Terskij Oleg S Микроскальпель-фасциотом
DE3433581C2 (de) 1984-09-13 1986-08-07 Fa. Carl Zeiss, 7920 Heidenheim Vorrichtung zur lamellierenden, refraktiven Hornhautchirurgie
US5215104A (en) * 1988-08-16 1993-06-01 Steinert Roger F Method for corneal modification
RU2033095C1 (ru) * 1992-01-27 1995-04-20 Мельников Валерий Яковлевич Микрохирургический нож
DE19512106C1 (de) * 1995-04-03 1996-11-07 Mohr Adolf Maschf Planschneidmaschine
US5713915A (en) * 1996-11-15 1998-02-03 Rhein Medical, Inc. Surgical knife blade
EP0971659B1 (fr) * 1996-12-23 2003-11-12 Instituto Barraquer De America Microkeratome
US5964776A (en) 1997-09-24 1999-10-12 Peyman; Gholam A. Internal keratome apparatus and method for using the same to form a pocket/flap between layers of a live cornea
US6599305B1 (en) * 1998-08-12 2003-07-29 Vladimir Feingold Intracorneal lens placement method and apparatus
US6083236A (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-07-04 Feingold; Vladimir Keratome method and apparatus
US20010053917A1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2001-12-20 Chwen-Yih Lin Non-plane cut microkeratome and method of performing non-plane keratotomy
US20040127922A1 (en) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-01 Cull Laurence J. Microkeratome cutting blade assembly
ES2280961T3 (es) * 2003-05-02 2007-09-16 Albert Daxer Dispositivo para cortar la cornea de un ojo.
US20040267295A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2004-12-30 Neubert William J. Reduced shear force microkeratome blade assembly
US8048093B2 (en) * 2003-12-19 2011-11-01 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Textured balloons
MX2007000211A (es) * 2004-07-01 2007-07-20 Biovision Ag Metodo y aparato para colocar lentes intracorneales.
CN101203196A (zh) * 2005-04-27 2008-06-18 组织工程折射公司 上皮分层装置(v)以及用于该装置的刀片

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2010094766A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102365066B (zh) 2014-11-26
US20120035636A1 (en) 2012-02-09
WO2010094766A1 (fr) 2010-08-26
CN102365066A (zh) 2012-02-29
RU2011137237A (ru) 2013-03-27
RU2528853C2 (ru) 2014-09-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1620049B1 (fr) Dispositif pour decouper la cornee
EP2292194B1 (fr) Adaptateur destiné au couplage mécanique d'un dispositif d'usinage au laser et d'un objet
DE69104196T2 (de) Keratotom zum realisieren von preisbogenförmigen einschnitten.
EP2445461B1 (fr) Dispositif pour chirurgie laser ophtalmologique
EP2082696B1 (fr) Dispositif d'abrasion
WO2011042031A1 (fr) Dispositif pour la chirurgie ophtalmologique au laser
CH700801B1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Materialbearbeitung mittels Laserstrahlung.
DE60125939T2 (de) Klinge und klingenhalter für ophtalmologische verfahren
EP2448503B1 (fr) Scalpel, notamment pour applications ophtalmologiques
DE102005040337A1 (de) Kontaktglas für die Augenchirurgie
EP1293167A2 (fr) Dispositif pour couper et evacuer des tissus
WO2010094766A1 (fr) Dispositif pour découper la cornée d'un œil
EP2453853A1 (fr) Dispositif pour la chirurgie ophtalmologique au laser
DE69112072T2 (de) Vorrichtung zum chirurgischen profilieren der hornhaut unter vakuum.
DE10152152B4 (de) Schneidvorrichtung
DE60109862T2 (de) Schneideklingenanordnung für einen Mikrokeratom
DE10214917A1 (de) Einsatz für Augensaugring
AT507942A1 (de) Schneidevorrichtung für die hornhaut eines auges
EP4125750A1 (fr) Équipement et méthodes de chirurgie réfractive, en particulier pour kératoplastie
DE10330821B3 (de) Lasertrepan
EP1752119B1 (fr) Porte-lame pour un dispositif de coupe microchirurgical, en particulier pour chirurgie oculaire
EP4420619A1 (fr) Dispositif de coupe chirurgical pour otologie et son procédé de fonctionnement
DE202023100902U1 (de) Chirurgische Schneidevorrichtung für die Otologie
WO2007104346A1 (fr) Instrument de coupe microchirurgical pour traitements ophtalmologiques réfractifs
DE102007056494A1 (de) Schwimmende, kraftgesteuerte Schneidkopfaufhängung für LASIK-Mikrokeratome

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20110920

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20170907

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20180320