EP2387667B1 - Method for feeding pasty masses and pump device for feeding pasty masses - Google Patents
Method for feeding pasty masses and pump device for feeding pasty masses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2387667B1 EP2387667B1 EP10704309A EP10704309A EP2387667B1 EP 2387667 B1 EP2387667 B1 EP 2387667B1 EP 10704309 A EP10704309 A EP 10704309A EP 10704309 A EP10704309 A EP 10704309A EP 2387667 B1 EP2387667 B1 EP 2387667B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slide
- piston
- inlet
- cylinder
- pressure
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04B15/02—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/02—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having two cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B11/00—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B11/00—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation
- F04B11/005—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation using two or more pumping pistons
- F04B11/0058—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation using two or more pumping pistons with piston speed control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04B15/02—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous
- F04B15/023—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous supply of fluid to the pump by gravity through a hopper, e.g. without intake valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B19/00—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00
- F04B19/20—Other positive-displacement pumps
- F04B19/22—Other positive-displacement pumps of reciprocating-piston type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04B23/02—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
- F04B23/025—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs the pump being located directly adjacent the reservoir
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
- F04B7/0019—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving a common distribution member forming a single discharge distributor for a plurality of pumping chambers
- F04B7/0023—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving a common distribution member forming a single discharge distributor for a plurality of pumping chambers and having a rotating movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
- F04B7/0019—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving a common distribution member forming a single discharge distributor for a plurality of pumping chambers
- F04B7/0026—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving a common distribution member forming a single discharge distributor for a plurality of pumping chambers and having an oscillating movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
- F04B7/0042—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving with specific kinematics of the distribution member
- F04B7/0053—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving with specific kinematics of the distribution member for reciprocating distribution members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
- F04B7/0057—Mechanical driving means therefor, e.g. cams
- F04B7/0069—Mechanical driving means therefor, e.g. cams for a sliding member
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for conveying mushy masses with a pumping device having a piston pump with at least two cylinders each having a piston, wherein each cylinder via an associated inlet opening with a Vorhell matterer and each cylinder via an associated outlet opening with a Support line is connected. Furthermore, the invention relates to a pumping device for pumping slurry with a piston pump with a cylinder having a piston and which is connected via an inlet opening which can be closed by an inlet slide, with a Vorhell disposer.
- the length of the delivery line brings with it that even the smallest interruptions in the flow of the mushy mass due to the inertia to significant pivoting movements lead the support line. Efforts are therefore being made to develop methods which permit continuous delivery of pulpy mass.
- This gap is filled, in which pulpy mass, which is already downstream of this gap, sags back. This is to the detriment of the uniform promotion of mushy mass in the conveying direction, so that can not be spoken of a real continuous promotion of pulpy mass.
- the DE 10 2005 008 938 B4 also has a total of 2 slides, which each act for both delivery cylinders.
- a slide is a here at "zero pressure" switching 4-way valve with 2 switch positions, such as the usual today in the discontinuous pumps swivel tube in the open Vorhell hereer.
- the great progress of this DE 10 2005 008 938 B4 Next Stanst the technology opposite the EP 1 003 969 B1 consists, inter alia, that during the switching process not only constant pressure or zero pressure prevails, but that at least in the case of the same pressure switching gate valve an automatic ring can be used, the hydrostatic contact pressure is compensated by the concrete pressure at constant pressure.
- the compensating cylinder patented therein corresponds in terms of conveying action to two cylinders connected in parallel, as a result of which the piston stroke is superior to previously known compensating cylinders (cf. DE 42 081 54 A1 . Fig. 1 ) is halved.
- the driving hydraulic cylinder is not installed "in line" behind the delivery cylinder, but between the two, this compensation cylinder requires so much space that it is difficult to place on a truck-mounted concrete pump and sufficiently secure.
- this compensating cylinder is an expensive, complicated and very heavy assembly.
- the invention has for its object to propose a method for the continuous promotion mushy masses, which is adapted to allow even more uniform promotion of pulpy mass.
- a pumping device for conveying mushy masses to be proposed which allows a particularly good sealing of the inlet opening.
- the method is based on the basic idea to provide for each cylinder of the piston pump own inlet opening with its own inlet slide and its own outlet opening with its own outlet slide. This makes it possible to carry out the filling of the respective cylinder and the discharge of pulp in the delivery line through the respective cylinder independently of the operations of the other cylinder / cylinders.
- This method makes it possible to switch the individual inlet and outlet valves under special favorable conditions.
- the inventive method makes it possible to close the respective inlet slide at a time at which the mushy mass drawn into the cylinder during the suction stroke has the same pressure as the mushy mass in the prefilling container. In the area of the prefilling container and the cylinder which has just been filled, this leads to a substantially pressure-free situation of the concrete, which is called "zero pressure" for reasons of simplification. Furthermore, the method according to the invention makes it possible to reopen the respective inlet slide only when the associated cylinder has started its suction stroke.
- the inventive method also makes it possible to close the outlet slide in a state in which the mushy mass in the cylinder and the mushy mass in the delivery line has the same pressure.
- This state in which the mushy mass in front of a slider and the pulpy mass after a slider has the same pressure, so the slide is thus in an environment of equal pressure, is called "equal pressure" for reasons of simplicity.
- the method according to the invention provides that prior to the opening of the outlet slide, compression of the mushy mass sucked into a cylinder during the suction stroke takes place to the actual delivery pressure, in the opposite direction to the closed delivery Inlet slider and is compressed against the closed outlet slide of this cylinder.
- a situation of equal pressure is created before opening the outlet spool.
- This situation of equal pressure also makes the use of an automatic ring provided on the valve body of the outlet slide or on the outlet opening of the outlet slide closed by the valve body particularly expedient in a preferred embodiment.
- the constant pressure situation creates a situation very similar to zero pressure.
- the contact surface between the automatic ring and the swivel body is also pressurized by the compression of the sucked-in concrete from the outside with pulpy mass (in particular cement paste, ie the fluid constituents of the concrete).
- pulpy mass in particular cement paste, ie the fluid constituents of the concrete.
- the method according to the invention allows the hydrostatic contact pressure of the automatic ring, which is required to prevent lifting at differential pressure, to be produced only at standstill after the switching operation and when pressure differences occur at the closed slide, both at the inlet slide and at the outlet slide.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to use a pumping device which, compared to discontinuous pumps, can only be constructed with a slight additional expenditure through the two inlet slides, which would not be technically necessary for a discontinuous pump with two rotary valves.
- the two inlet slides provided in the prefilling container can be designed to be pivotable along the housing wall of the prefilling container.
- the pump device which can be used for the method according to the invention can be made compact, inexpensive and of a lightweight design.
- the overall length and the filling height at Vorhell capableer can be kept the same size compared to the conventional, discontinuous pumps with swivel tube.
- the wear on the slides can be kept extremely low by the prevailing during the switching zero pressure, or zero pressure similar ("equal pressure") situation despite the simultaneous Aufrecheridos the discharge pressure.
- the switching resistance of the slide and the required switching power and the required switching time can be kept low.
- the sliders which can be used in the method according to the invention can also have very low masses. This is because of the numerous switching operations, which must be done because of the very tight schedule in a very short time, particularly advantageous.
- a pumping device in which on EP 1 003 969 B1 known swivel tube can be dispensed with.
- pulpy mass is to be promoted with a high proportion of broken grain, which tends to so-called bridge formation in Vorhell hereer.
- pipe turnout pumps umps with a swivel tube, as for example in EP 1 003 969 B1 is shown
- a step backwards compared to pumps with flat slides The inventive method allows to use flat slide.
- an effective stirrer can be installed which is also effective in the critical region of the inlet openings.
- the swivel tubes in the prefilling container generate cavities by their movement and prevent their effective destruction.
- an outlet slide is used, which is designed as a rotary valve.
- a rotary valve such slides are understood that can be rotated within a predetermined by the slider housing space from a closed position to an open position without the valve body of the slider leaves the space defined by the slide housing.
- Alternatives to rotary valves are linear flat slide and so-called plunger with cylindrical shut-off elements, in which a valve body from a laterally arranged next to the space defined by the slide housing opening position is inserted linearly in the space defined by the slide housing to take its closed position.
- Rotary valves can be used particularly well to be moved neutral in volume from a closed position to an open position, ie without moving the valve body from the closed position to the open position, or back to the closed position, a gap, or an excess amount in the Valve body arises both upstream and downstream surrounding mushy mass.
- an outlet slide which is a rotary valve with a valve body in a slide housing, in which the slide housing is part of the pumping chamber, in which the mushy mass is conveyed by the respective cylinder in the delivery line and the valve body in all Positions of the outlet slide in the valve body remains.
- valve body of the outlet spool is moved from a closed position to an open position when the pressure of the mushy mass pressurized in the cylinder by compression corresponds substantially to the pressure of the mushy mass on the delivery line side of the outlet spool ,
- a constant pressure situation is achieved, which allows a particularly easy switching of the outlet slide with little wear.
- an inlet slide is used, which is designed as a pivot valve.
- the flat valve body of the slide is pivoted by a pivoting movement from an opening position located laterally next to the opening to be closed into a closing position closing the opening to be closed.
- Such pivoting flat slide can be made particularly simple.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to open the inlet slide in a zero-pressure situation and thus makes it possible to use a swiveling slide valve which is simple to construct and which can be switched due to or after the pressure release. Especially with high delivery resistances in the delivery line, the pivoting resistance would be virtually insurmountable and the wear extremely high.
- the other cylinder is operated in opposite directions, wherein the steps 1 to 4 of the movement sequence of the one cylinder are carried out completely in the time in which the piston of the other pulp mass promotes pulp with the current delivery pressure in the delivery line.
- the piston speed during the suction stroke is to be selected to be greater than during the pumping stroke in order to keep the time to be provided for carrying out steps 1 to 4 low.
- This coordination of the individual steps to one another means that the pulpy mass is continuously pumped into the delivery line. As soon as the pumping stroke of one cylinder is completed, the other cylinder with precompressed mushy mass is ready to continue the promotion.
- An alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention for conveying mushy masses provides for the use of a pumping device having a piston pump with at least two cylinders, each having a piston, in which each cylinder via a closable with its associated inlet slide inlet opening with a Vorhell matterer and in which each cylinder is connected to a delivery line via an outlet opening which can be closed by means of an outlet valve assigned to it.
- a cleaning body is introduced into at least one of the cylinders, which is introduced by means of compressed air through the open outlet slide in the delivery line and promotes the present in the delivery line pulpy mass through the delivery line.
- This structure of an inlet slider allows to provide a pivoting flat slide with a cutting ring (automatic ring), although the cutting ring not as in the EP 0 057 288 A1 flows through the medium flow.
- a particular advantage of this pivot-flat slide is its very flat design, which allows an optimal effect of the agitator and the suction ports.
- the cutting ring is pressed only as a scraper with the freely selectable biasing force of a biasing spring against its associated sealing surface.
- the wear on such a cutting ring can be reduced because its wear occurs almost exclusively during the switching process and depends on the surface pressure with approximately the 3rd power.
- the cutting ring Penetrating now when acted upon by the medium pressure pulpy mass between the cutting ring and its associated sealing surface, the cutting ring with the nip pressure of mushy mass, which is on average about 50% of the medium pressure, applied in the direction of the sealing surface away. Since the cutting ring but is pressed simultaneously over the fluid in the cavity with the pressure of pulpy mass against this sealing surface, the contact force outweighs in the direction against the spectacle plate. It is successfully prevented that the cutting ring is lifted from the sealing surface. The contact pressure is also increased by the additional existing bias, by the spring element. During the switching process, which takes place at the inlet slide at "zero pressure", the preload ensures the function of the cutting ring as a scraper.
- the spectacle plate is either integrally formed on the Vorphilll considereder or as a separate component.
- the term "spectacle plate” does not define any particular geometry, but merely designates the surfaces against which the automatic ring (cutting ring) is pressed in a sealing manner.
- the inlet slide on a biased spring element which acts in the same direction as the medium pressure on the piston. As a result, a bias is effected.
- the spring element is designed as a plate spring or is formed by a plurality of disc springs.
- Disc springs are particularly well suited for installation in the present invention designed inlet slider.
- the piston on its side facing the fluid on a substantially cylindrical stem which is slidably mounted in a cylindrical bore of the housing and together with the jacket of the piston forms a guide which secures the piston against tilting.
- the stem of the piston penetrates the body axially movable and sealed.
- the current state of the piston can be seen from the Vorglall suiter from. This gives an indication of the wear on the cutting ring and the spectacle plate, or on the correct amount of the introduced fluid.
- the spring element is supported on the cutting ring.
- the cutting ring is designed as an annular piston with a U-shaped annular cross-section, which is sealed with its outer inner diameter relative to the base body and with its inner inner diameter relative to the piston slidably.
- the hydrostatic force acting on the closed flat slide when subjected to pressure by the medium in the slide housing is partially absorbed by the tensile force of a pivot shaft supporting the inlet slide and partly by a force with which the body partially guided in a guide groove supported on the guide groove.
- the inlet slider is connected to a pivot shaft and the connection of the base body with the pivot shaft allows a slight oscillating movement about a substantially horizontal, perpendicular to the pivot axis extending axis.
- the spring element is tensioned by introducing the fluid into the cavity, wherein the piston moves against the effective direction of the medium pressure and the fluid space is secured by a check valve or a plug against leakage of the fluid.
- the inlet slide is a swiveling slide.
- the inlet slider has a spring element which presses a component of the inlet slider into the cavity in such a way that the fluid located in the cavity is precompressed.
- a pressure situation is created, which keeps components of the inlet slide in a first operating situation.
- a fat or an oil is used as the fluid. It has been found that a grease, or an oil is particularly suitable to be used in the operating environment of conveying mushy masses for the application of pressure to the cutting ring.
- the spring element is designed as a plate spring. It has been found that the use of a plate spring allows a particularly flat design of the inlet slide in the pump device according to the invention.
- the movable element which can exert a pressure exerted by the pulpy mass on the fluid in the body is forced into the cavity by the spring element, so that the fluid in the cavity is pre-compressed.
- This design makes it easy to assemble the inlet slider of the pump device according to the invention.
- the lid is movably formed relative to the base body and forms the movable element. This design makes it easy to run the inlet slide with a small number of components.
- the lid has a stop which abuts against a stop of the cutting ring when the lid is pressed by the fluid in the cavity to the outside.
- the lid is securely held in the inlet slide.
- the cutting ring is held by its abutment on the wall defining the opening, so that the lid can be supported by means of a stop on the cutting ring.
- the lid is fastened to the base body and has an opening in which the movable element, for example a piston, is movable is arranged relative to the lid.
- the movable element for example a piston
- this has at least two, in particular exactly two cylinders, each having a piston.
- Each cylinder of this preferred embodiment is connected to a prefill container via an inlet port closable with an inlet gate associated therewith.
- Each cylinder of this preferred embodiment is further connected to a delivery line via an outlet opening which can be closed by means of an outlet valve assigned to it.
- This embodiment offers, inter alia, the advantage of easy cleaning of the delivery line. In practice, the so-called purging of the delivery line to avoid the residual concrete, so when cleaning the delivery line, so-called chamber slide are used. These are now superfluous.
- the preferred embodiment of the pumping device according to the invention may in fact be designed so that the slide can be controlled individually, so that you suck for each cylinder from the Vorhell hereer-a conventional sponge rubber ball and him into the provided as part of the delivery line downpipe and then extending can bring in further support. These sponge rubber balls can then be blown out of the delivery line with compressed air to the front. This represents a significant simplification of the cleaning of such a pumping device.
- the inventive method is carried out with the pumping device according to the invention.
- the pumping device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are particularly preferred for conveying concrete and other thick matter such as e.g. Sewage sludge or overburden used in tunnel construction.
- Fig. 1 illustrated pumping device for promoting mushy mass has a piston pump with two cylinders, of which in the illustration of Fig. 1 only one cylinder 1 of the piston pump is shown.
- the cylinder has a piston 2, which is here in its end position.
- the cylinder is connected to a prefill container 5 via an inlet opening 3, which can be closed by an inlet slide 4.
- the cylinder has an outlet opening 6, which can be closed with an outlet slide 7.
- the cylinder 1 is connected via the outlet opening 6 with a delivery line 8.
- the delivery line 8 is formed in its region adjacent to the piston pump as a so-called "bifurcated tube", ie as a branch pipe, which brings together the flow rates of the individual cylinders of the piston pump and merges into a (not shown) part of the delivery line, in which the individual partial flows of single cylinder of the piston pump can be promoted together.
- the inlet slide 4 of the pumping device is designed as a pivoting flat slide and can be pivoted about the pivot axis A from the illustrated closed position to an open position.
- the inlet slide 4 has an automatic ring 10 designed as a cutting ring, which surrounds the inlet opening 3 in the closed position of the inlet slide and is pressed at least with parts of an outwardly directed surface against a sealing surface of the body surrounding the inlet opening, in which the inlet opening is formed.
- the outlet slide shown in its open position is designed as a rotary valve.
- the valve body 30 of the outlet slide is arranged in a slide housing 31, wherein the slide housing 31 is the delivery chamber through which the pulpy mass is sucked from the respective cylinder from the Vorfeldll matterer and is conveyed in the pumping stroke in the delivery line.
- the valve body 30 remains in all positions of the outlet slide in the valve body and can thus be switched to volume neutral.
- an automatic ring 32 Surrounding the outlet opening 6 is an automatic ring 32.
- This automatic ring 32 may be in the manner of one of in EP 0 057 288 A1 be further described cutting rings (where denoted by the reference numeral 14), wherein in EP 0 057 288 A1 the cutting ring is shown as part of the component to be pivoted (there of the switching element 3), while here the cutting ring is preferably formed as part of a stationary remaining part of the pumping device.
- the Cutting ring 32 comparable to the arrangement of the cutting ring in EP 0 057 288 A1 be formed as part of the valve body 30 to be pivoted.
- a stirrer 60 is provided. This can be formed so that it is effective even in the critical region of the suction due to the low height of the valve body formed as a pivot valve slide of the inlet slide 4.
- the inlet slide 4 can be formed with a flat base body 11 which can be pivoted about the pivot axis A.
- the inlet slide 4 has a relative to the main body 11 movable element 13.
- This movable element 13 is in the in Fig. 2 embodiment illustrated as a piston formed in the in Fig. 2 illustrated closed position of the inlet slide 4 is the movable member 13 with an outwardly facing surface 15 then in contact with pulpy mass, when the cylinder-facing side 16 of the inlet slide is in contact with mushy mass, which is located in the slide housing 31.
- a pressure exerted by the mushy mass on the outwardly directed surface 15 of the movable element 13 can be exerted on a fluid located in the entire sealed cavity 12 and 12a.
- the piston 13 is secured against tilting by its guidance in the cover 17 and in the base body 11.
- the subspaces 12 and 12a are interconnected by a channel 44a.
- the entire cavity 12 and 12a is formed by recesses in the base body 11, which opens in the base body 11 in the direction of the side facing the cylinder 1 side 16 of the inlet slide 4 and has a round opening with an opening diameter D1 which is larger than that Diameter D2 of the inlet opening 3.
- the opening of the recess is closed by a cover 17 and the cutting ring 10 arranged between the outer periphery of the lid 17 and the wall 18 delimiting the opening.
- the cutting ring 10 which surrounds the inlet opening in the illustrated closed position of the inlet slide 4, is in the in Fig. 2 shown construction completely with its outwardly directed surface 19 against a surrounding the inlet opening 3 sealing surface 20 of the body in which the inlet opening 3 is formed (the slider housing) pressed. With its inwardly directed surface 21 of the cutting ring 10 limits the cavity partially.
- a low-viscosity fat or a viscous oil is provided in the cavity 12 and 12 a. This can be introduced via an inlet opening, not shown, by means of a grease gun in the cavity.
- the cavity of the inlet slide 4 on a plate spring 22 This pushes the piston formed as a movable part 13 into the cavity, so that the fluid located in the cavity is precompressed.
- the fluid in the cavity exerts pressure on the inwardly facing surface 21 of the cutting ring 10 and presses it with this pressure against the sealing surface 20.
- the plate spring 22 thus the contact pressure can be adjusted with the the cutting ring is pressed against the sealing surface 20 during the non-pressurized switching operations (at "zero pressure").
- This nip pressure can not lift the cutting ring 10 from the sealing surface 20, because the average hydrodynamic nip pressure is only about 50% of the applied by the fluid pressure on the cutting ring hydrostatic contact pressure.
- the cutting ring is also pressed in accordance with the bias of the plate spring sealing on the sealing surface 20.
- the inlet slide 4 can be formed with a flat base body 41, which is about the pivot axis (in the in Fig. 3 selected partial view of a half of the inlet slide (not shown) can be pivoted.
- the inlet slide 4 has a relative to the main body 41 movable element 43.
- This movable element 43 is in the in Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment designed as a lid.
- the movable member 43 defines with its external pressure gauge a cavity whose diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the cutting ring 10.
- the bore 44 serves to guide the movable element without tipping.
- the space 44 is connected to the remaining cavity via the channel 44a.
- the movable member 43 with an outwardly facing surface 45 then in contact with pulpy mass when the cylinder-facing side 46 of the inlet slide 4 is in contact with mushy mass, which is located in the slide housing 31.
- a pressure which the mushy mass exerts on the outwardly directed surface 45 of the movable element 43 can be exerted on a fluid located in the cavity 42.
- the cavity 42 is formed by a recess in the main body 41, which opens in the base body 41 in the direction of the cylinder 1 facing side 46 of the inlet slide 4.
- the opening of the recess is closed by the movable piston 43 designed as a cover 47 and the cutting ring 40 arranged between the outer circumference of the cover 47 and the wall 48 delimiting the opening to form the cavity 42.
- the cutting ring 40 which surrounds the inlet opening in the illustrated closed position of the inlet slide 4 is in the in the Fig. 3 shown construction completely with its outwardly directed surface 49 against a surrounding the inlet opening 3 sealing surface 50 of the body in which the inlet port 3 is formed (the spectacle plate of the valve body) pressed. With its inwardly directed surface 51 of the cutting ring 40 limits the cavity 42 partially.
- a low-viscosity fat or a viscous oil is provided in the cavity 42. This can be introduced into the cavity 42 via the inlet opening by means of a grease gun.
- the inlet slide 4 has one or more disc springs 52.
- This pushes the lid 47 formed as a "movable" piston 43 in the cavity 42 so that the fluid located in the cavity is precompressed.
- the fluid in the cavity 42 exerts pressure on the inwardly facing surface 51 of the cutting ring 40 and pushes it during the unpressurized switching operation with this pressure against the sealing surface 20.
- the plate spring 52 thus the contact pressure can be adjusted, with the cutting ring is pressed during the switching operation against the sealing surface 50.
- the lid 47 is movably formed relative to the main body 41.
- the cover 47 has a stop 53 which abuts against a stop 54 of the cutting ring 40 when the cover is pressed by the fluid in the cavity to the outside.
- the stop 53 does not bear against the stop 54, but at the opposite end of the travel. For operation, both end stops should be avoided. Therefore, here ( Fig. 3 ) more fluid to be filled.
- FIG. 4 In the alternative embodiment shown, components that are similar to those described in US Pat Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment are shown with increased by the number 100 reference numerals.
- the embodiment of the Fig. 4 is different from the one in Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment by the shape of the cutting ring 140 and the support of the spring element 152.
- the spring element is supported in this embodiment on the cutting ring and not - as in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 - On a separate, firmly connected to the main body component.
- the cutting ring 140 is formed as an annular piston with a U-shaped annular cross section, which is sealed with its outer inner diameter relative to the base body 141 and with its inner inner diameter relative to the piston 143 slidably.
- the piston 143 has on its side facing the fluid on a substantially cylindrical stem which is slidably mounted in a cylindrical bore of the housing and together with the jacket of the piston forms a guide which secures the piston against tilting.
- This stem of the piston penetrates the body axially movable and sealed.
- Fig. 4 illustrated design of the main body 141 and the cutting ring 140 is flattened outwards and thus allows a climbing of stones, if they could block the pivotal movement of the slider.
- FIG. 5 In the alternative embodiment shown, components that are similar to those described in US Pat Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment are shown with increased by the number 200 reference numerals.
- the embodiment of the Fig. 5 is different from the one in Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment by the shape of the cutting ring 240 and in that the base body 241 engages around the cutting ring 240 outside.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Förderung breiiger Massen mit einer Pumpvorrichtung, die eine Kolbenpumpe mit mindestens zwei Zylindern mit jeweils einem Kolben aufweist, bei der jeder Zylinder über eine ihm zugeordnete Einlassöffnung mit einem Vorfüllbehälter und bei der jeder Zylinder über eine ihm zugeordnete Auslassöffnung mit einer Förderleitung verbunden ist. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Pumpvorrichtung zur Förderung breiiger Massen mit einer Kolbenpumpe mit einem Zylinder, der einen Kolben aufweist und der über eine Einlassöffnung, die durch einen Einlassschieber verschlossen werden kann, mit einem Vorfüllbehälter verbunden ist.The invention relates to a method for conveying mushy masses with a pumping device having a piston pump with at least two cylinders each having a piston, wherein each cylinder via an associated inlet opening with a Vorfüllbehälter and each cylinder via an associated outlet opening with a Support line is connected. Furthermore, the invention relates to a pumping device for pumping slurry with a piston pump with a cylinder having a piston and which is connected via an inlet opening which can be closed by an inlet slide, with a Vorfüllbehälter.
Bei der Förderung von Beton werden Pumpvorrichtungen eingesetzt, die regelmäßig aus Kolbenpumpen gebildet werden, die zwei Zylinder aufweisen, die jeweils einen Kolben aufweisen. Die Zylinder beziehen die zu fördernde breiige Masse in einem sogenannten Saughub aus einem Vorfüllbehälter und fördern danach die angesogene breiige Masse in einem sogenannten Pumphub in eine an die Kolbenpumpe anschließende Förderleitung. Dabei werden die Kolben der beiden Zylinder gegenläufig betrieben, um möglichst gleichmäßig breiige Masse in die Förderleitung zu fördern. Die Förderleitung einer solchen Pumpvorrichtung kann eine beachtliche Länge annehmen. Häufig ist sie Teil eines Kranauslegers und dient zur Förderung der breiigen Masse von dem Standort der Pumpvorrichtung zu entlegenen Enden der Baustelle. Die Länge der Förderleitung bringt mit sich, dass bereits kleinste Unterbrechungen des Förderflusses der breiigen Masse aufgrund der Massenträgheit zu erheblichen Schwenkbewegungen der Förderleitung führen. Man ist deshalb bestrebt, Verfahren zu entwickeln, die eine kontinuierliche Förderung der breiigen Masse erlaubt.In the promotion of concrete pumping devices are used, which are regularly formed from piston pumps having two cylinders, each having a piston. The cylinders refer to the mushy mass to be conveyed in a so-called suction stroke from a Vorfüllbehälter and then promote the absorbed mushy mass in a so-called pumping stroke in a subsequent to the piston pump delivery line. In this case, the pistons of the two cylinders are operated in opposite directions, in order to promote evenly pulpy mass in the delivery line. The delivery line of such a pumping device can take a considerable length. Often it is part of a crane jib and serves to promote pulpy mass from the location of the pumping device to remote ends of the site. The length of the delivery line brings with it that even the smallest interruptions in the flow of the mushy mass due to the inertia to significant pivoting movements lead the support line. Efforts are therefore being made to develop methods which permit continuous delivery of pulpy mass.
Aus der Praxis sind Verfahren zur Förderung breiige Masse bekannt, von denen behauptet wird, dass sie kontinuierlich fördern. Analysiert man jedoch den Förderweg der breiigen Masse von dem Zylinderinnerraum, aus dem sie mittels des Kolbens gedrückt wird, bis zum Auslassende der Förderleitung, so erkennt man, dass auch bei diesen aus der Praxis bekannten Verfahren zwar eine verbesserte Gleichmäßigkeit der Förderung möglich ist, eine kontinuierlichen Förderung jedoch nicht stattfindet. Auch bei diesen Pumpvorrichtungen sind in dem Förderweg der breiigen Masse Bauelemente, insbesondere Ventile, angeordnet, deren Ventilkörper in einer geschlossenen Stellung in einer breiige Masse verdrängenden Position angeordnet sind, während der Ventilkörper in einer Öffnungsstellung aus den für die Förderung der breiigen Masse vorgesehenen Förderraum herausgenommen wird. Dadurch entsteht bei jeder Öffnung eine Lücke im Förderstrom. Diese Lücke wird gefüllt, in dem breiige Masse, die sich bereits stromabwärts dieser Lücke befindet, zurücksackt. Dies geht zu Lasten der gleichmäßigen Förderung der breiigen Masse in die Förderrichtung, so dass von einer echten kontinuierlichen Förderung der breiigen Masse nicht gesprochen werden kann.Practical methods of conveying pulpy mass are known, which are said to be continuous. However, if one analyzes the conveying path of pulpy mass from the inner cylinder space, from which it is pressed by the piston, to the outlet end of the delivery line, then it can be seen that even with these methods known from practice, although an improved uniformity of the promotion is possible However, continuous promotion does not take place. Also in these pumping devices, in the conveying path of mushy mass components, in particular valves, arranged, the valve body are arranged in a closed position in a mushy mass displacing position, while the valve body in an open position from the provided for the promotion of pulpy mass delivery chamber taken out becomes. This creates a gap in the flow at each opening. This gap is filled, in which pulpy mass, which is already downstream of this gap, sags back. This is to the detriment of the uniform promotion of mushy mass in the conveying direction, so that can not be spoken of a real continuous promotion of pulpy mass.
Mit einer 2-Zylinder Kolbenpumpe für die kontinuierliche Förderung von Beton gemäß der
- 1) Die abrasiven, feinkörnigen Bestandteile des Betons wurden durch den kontinuierlich aufrecht erhaltenen Förderdruck beim Schaltvorgang in die Dichtspalte hineingedrückt. Dabei verursachten sie einen hohen Schaltwiderstand des Schiebers, der noch durch die sehr langen Schaltwege des Schiebers zu einem bei den üblichen diskontinuierlichen Pumpen unbekannt hohen Verschleiß führte.
- 2) Aus Punkt 1.) ergibt sich eine sehr hohe Antriebsarbeit, d.h. eine erforderliche sehr hohe Schaltleistung während eines längeren Zeitraums.
- 1) The abrasive, fine-grained constituents of the concrete were pressed into the sealing gaps during the switching process by the continuously maintained delivery pressure. They caused a high switching resistance of the slide, which still led to the usual discontinuous pumps high wear due to the very long switching paths of the slide.
- 2) From point 1.) results in a very high drive work, ie a required very high switching capacity during a longer period.
Mit der Patentanmeldung, die zu
Das Absperrventil in der Saugleitung vom Vorfüllbehälter zum Schwenkrohr öffnet erst nach Entspannen des Betons durch den Saughub und schließt vor dem Kompressionsvorgang für den angesaugten Beton. Die Schaltvorgänge dieses Saugschiebers erfolgen deshalb ohne hydrostatischen Druck im Beton ("Nulldruck"). Diesen eindrucksvollen Vorteilen der hier beschriebenen Bauart der
- Das Druckgehäuse ist sehr groß, bei einem heute üblichen maximalen Betondruck von ca. 90 bar sehr schwer und nur mit erheblichen Montageaufwand zu reinigen. Besonders nachteilig sind die engen Biegungen, die der Beton beim Pumphub am Saug-Schwenkrohr vorbei durch den im Druckgehäuse stehenden Beton auf dem Wege in die Förderleitung durchlaufen muss. Deshalb kann diese Pumpe keine sehr grobkörnigen Betonmischungen fördern. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, dass beim Umschalten auf den anderen Zylinder die Mündung des Schwenkrohres zwischen den beiden Zylinderöffnungen Platz finden muss. Dadurch ergibt sich für die beiden Förderzylinder ein so großer Mittenabstand, dass die beiden Zylinder nicht, wie für eine hinreichend niedrige Einfüllhöhe des Vorfüllbehälters erforderlich, geneigt zwischen den Holmen des Trägerfahrzeuges hindurchführend montiert werden können.
- The pressure housing is very large, at a today's usual maximum concrete pressure of about 90 bar very difficult and only to clean with considerable installation effort. Particularly disadvantageous are the tight bends, the concrete must pass through the concrete standing in the pressure housing on the way in the delivery line during the pumping stroke on the suction swivel tube. Therefore, this pump can not promote very coarse concrete mixtures. Another disadvantage is that when switching to the other cylinder, the mouth of the pivot tube must find space between the two cylinder openings. This results in such a large center distance for the two delivery cylinders that the two cylinders can not, as required for a sufficiently low filling height of the prefilling container, be guided in an inclined manner between the spars of the carrier vehicle.
Die
Die Nachteile der Bauart nach
- Die beiden zusätzlich zum normalen Schwenkrohr erforderlichen Baugruppen sind der Absperrschieber, der ca. 1 m stromabwärts nach dem Schwenkrohr in der Förderleitung gelagert werden muss und der aus Platzgründen noch weiter stromabwärts in die Förderleitung zu integrierende Ausgleichszylinder.
- The two additional modules required in addition to the normal swivel tube are the gate valve, which must be stored downstream about 1 m downstream of the swivel tube in the delivery line and the space reasons even further downstream in the delivery line to be integrated equalizing cylinder.
Der dort patentierte Ausgleichszylinder entspricht in der Förderwirkung zwei parallel geschalteten Zylindern, wodurch der Kolbenhub gegenüber vorbekannten Ausgleichszylindern (vgl.
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Förderung breiiger Massen vorzuschlagen, das dazu geeignet ist, eine noch gleichmäßigere Förderung der breiigen Masse zu ermöglichen. Gleichzeitig soll eine Pumpvorrichtung zur Förderung breiiger Massen vorgeschlagen werden, die eine besonders gute Abdichtung der Einlassöffnung erlaubt.Against this background, the invention has for its object to propose a method for the continuous promotion mushy masses, which is adapted to allow even more uniform promotion of pulpy mass. At the same time a pumping device for conveying mushy masses to be proposed, which allows a particularly good sealing of the inlet opening.
Das Verfahren geht von dem Grundgedanken aus, für jeden Zylinder der Kolbenpumpe eine eigene Einlassöffnung mit einem eigenen Einlassschieber sowie eine eigene Auslassöffnung mit einem eigenen Auslassschieber vorzusehen. Dies ermöglicht es, das Befüllen des jeweiligen Zylinders und das Ausbringen der breiigen Masse in die Förderleitung durch den jeweiligen Zylinder unabhängig von den Arbeitsschritten des anderen Zylinders/der anderen Zylinder durchzuführen. So kann während des Pumphubs des einen Zylinders, also der kontinuierlichen Förderung breiiger Masse aus dem einen Zylinder in die Förderleitung, ein anderer Zylinder zum einen mit breiiger Masse befüllt werden und zum anderen kann bereits eine Vorkompression der breiigen Masse in diesem neu befüllten Zylinder durchgeführt werden. Dies ermöglicht es insbesondere, einen Ventilkörper des Auslassschiebers dieses neu befüllten Zylinders erst dann von einer Schließstellung in eine geöffnete Stellung zu bewegen, wenn der Druck der in dem Zylinder durch die Kompression mit Druck beaufschlagten breiigen Masse im wesentlichen den Druck der breiigen Masse auf der Förderleistung des Auslassschiebers entspricht. Dadurch kann in besonders einfacher Weise das Schalten des Auslassschiebers unter Gleichdruck und das Schalten des Einlassschiebers bei Nulldruck erfolgen.The method is based on the basic idea to provide for each cylinder of the piston pump own inlet opening with its own inlet slide and its own outlet opening with its own outlet slide. This makes it possible to carry out the filling of the respective cylinder and the discharge of pulp in the delivery line through the respective cylinder independently of the operations of the other cylinder / cylinders. Thus, during the pumping stroke of the one cylinder, ie the continuous pumping slurry from one cylinder into the delivery line, another cylinder can be filled with pulpy mass and, on the other hand, precompression of pulpy mass can already be carried out in this newly filled cylinder , This makes it possible, in particular, to move a valve body of the outlet slide of this newly filled cylinder from a closed position to an open position only when the pressure of the cylinder in the cylinder pressurized by the slurry mass is substantially the pressure of the mushy mass on the capacity corresponds to the outlet slide. As a result, the switching of the outlet slide under equal pressure and the switching of the inlet slide at zero pressure can take place in a particularly simple manner.
Hierzu sieht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vor, dass,
- bei einem Saughub eines Zylinders bei geöffneter Einlassöffnung und geschlossener Auslassöffnung breiige Masse aus dem Vorfüllbehälter in den jeweiligen Zylinder gefördert wird und bei einem Pumphub eines Zylinders bei geöffneter Auslassöffnung und geschlossener Einlassöffnung breiige Masse in die Förderleitung gefördert wird,
- die Kolbengeschwindigkeit beim Saughub größer ist als beim Pumphub,
- am Ende, gegen Ende oder kurz nach Ende des Saughubs die Einlassöffnung mit dem Einlassschieber verschlossen wird und danach eine Kompression der breiigen Masse im Zylinder erfolgt, bevor die Auslassöffnung geöffnet wird.
- in the case of a suction stroke of a cylinder when the inlet opening and the outlet opening are closed, mushy mass is conveyed from the prefilling container into the respective cylinder and during a pumping stroke of a cylinder with the outlet opening open and the inlet opening closed pulpy mass is conveyed into the delivery line,
- the piston speed is greater during the suction stroke than during the pump stroke,
- at the end, towards the end or shortly after the end of the suction stroke, the inlet opening is closed with the inlet slide and then a compression of the mushy mass in the cylinder takes place before the outlet opening is opened.
Dieses Verfahren erlaubt es, die einzelnen Einlass- und Auslassschieber unter besonderes günstigen Bedingungen schalten zu können.This method makes it possible to switch the individual inlet and outlet valves under special favorable conditions.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht es, den jeweiligen Einlassschieber zu einem Zeitpunkt zu schließen, bei dem die während des Saughubs in den Zylinder eingezogene breiige Masse den gleichen Druck aufweist, wie die im Vorfüllbehälter befindliche breiige Masse. Dies führt im Bereich des Vorfüllbehälters und des gerade befüllten Zylinders zu einer im Wesentlichen drucklosen Situation des Betons, die aus Vereinfachungsgründen "Nulldruck" genannt wird. Ferner ermöglicht es das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren den jeweiligen Einlassschieber erst dann wieder zu öffnen, wenn der zugehörige Zylinder seinen Saughub begonnen hat. In dem man - in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens - den Einlassschieber des jeweiligen Zylinders erst dann öffnet, wenn dieser seinen Saughub begonnen hat, wird es möglich, dass der Druck der sich nach Beendigung des Pumphubs und Schließen des Auslassschiebers immer noch in dem Zylinder befindlichen breiigen Masse abbaut und auf das Druckniveau der breiigen Masse im Vorfüllbehälter abfällt. Dies ermöglicht es, den Einlassschieber in einer Situation zu öffnen, in der kein Druckunterschied zwischen dem Vorfüllbehälter und dem Zylinderinhalt besteht. Dies ermöglicht es ferner, die Einlassschieber einfach zu konstruieren. Es können nicht Druckausgeglichene und sehr kurz bauende Flachschieber verwendet werden. Diese können besonders gut durch einen Automatikring abgedichtet werden, wie dies als Teil der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpvorrichtung vorgesehen ist.The inventive method makes it possible to close the respective inlet slide at a time at which the mushy mass drawn into the cylinder during the suction stroke has the same pressure as the mushy mass in the prefilling container. In the area of the prefilling container and the cylinder which has just been filled, this leads to a substantially pressure-free situation of the concrete, which is called "zero pressure" for reasons of simplification. Furthermore, the method according to the invention makes it possible to reopen the respective inlet slide only when the associated cylinder has started its suction stroke. By not opening the inlet slide of the respective cylinder until it has started its suction stroke, in a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is possible that the pressure in the cylinder after the pumping stroke has ended and the outlet slide is closed degrades pulpy mass and drops to the pressure level of pulpy mass in Vorfüllbehälter. This makes it possible to open the inlet gate in a situation where there is no pressure difference between the priming tank and the cylinder contents. This also makes it easy to construct the inlet slides. It is not possible to use pressure balanced and very short flat slide valves. These can be particularly well sealed by an automatic ring, as provided as part of the pumping device according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht es ferner, die Auslassschieber in einem Zustand zu schließen, bei dem die breiige Masse im Zylinder und die breiige Masse in der Förderleitung den gleichen Druck aufweist. Dieser Zustand, in dem die breiige Masse vor einem Schieber und die breiige Masse nach einem Schieber den gleichen Druck aufweist, sich der Schieber also in einer Umgebung gleichen Drucks befindet, wird aus Vereinfachungsgründen "Gleichdruck" genannt.The inventive method also makes it possible to close the outlet slide in a state in which the mushy mass in the cylinder and the mushy mass in the delivery line has the same pressure. This state, in which the mushy mass in front of a slider and the pulpy mass after a slider has the same pressure, so the slide is thus in an environment of equal pressure, is called "equal pressure" for reasons of simplicity.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht vor, dass vor dem Öffnen des Auslassschiebers eine Verdichtung der während des Saughubs in einen Zylinder angesaugten breiigen Masse auf den aktuellen Förderdruck erfolgt, in dem gegen den geschlossenen Einlassschieber und gegen den geschlossenen Auslassschieber dieses Zylinders komprimiert wird. Dadurch wird vor dem Öffnen des Auslassschiebers eine Situation des Gleichdrucks erzeugt. Diese Situation des Gleichdrucks macht auch den in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform vorgesehenen Einsatz eines Automatikrings am Ventilkörper des Auslassschiebers oder an der durch den Ventilkörper geschlossenen Auslassöffnung des Auslassschiebers besonders zweckmäßig. Durch die Gleichdruck-situation entsteht eine dem Nulldruck sehr ähnliche Situation. Bei einem an der durch den Ventilkörper des Auslassschiebers verschlossenen Auslassöffnung vorgesehenen Automatikring wird die Kontaktfläche zwischen Automatikring und Schwenkkörper durch die Kompression des angesaugten Betons auch von der Außenseite mit breiiger Masse (insbesondere mit Zementleim, also den fluiden Bestandteilen des Betons) unter Druck gesetzt. Dadurch wird die hydrostatische Anpressung des Automatikrings durch die gleichgroße, entgegengesetzte wirkende Kraft des Spaltdrucks aufgehoben. Damit wird erreicht, dass der Automatikring, ähnlich der Situation bei Nulldruck, beim Schaltvorgang mit Gleichdruck nur mit der freiwählbaren, niedrigen Vorspannung durch einen federnden Dichtring angepresst wird. Dabei wirkt der Automatikring nur als Abstreifer, wodurch der Schwenkwiderstand und der Verschleiß ein Minimum werden.The method according to the invention provides that prior to the opening of the outlet slide, compression of the mushy mass sucked into a cylinder during the suction stroke takes place to the actual delivery pressure, in the opposite direction to the closed delivery Inlet slider and is compressed against the closed outlet slide of this cylinder. As a result, a situation of equal pressure is created before opening the outlet spool. This situation of equal pressure also makes the use of an automatic ring provided on the valve body of the outlet slide or on the outlet opening of the outlet slide closed by the valve body particularly expedient in a preferred embodiment. The constant pressure situation creates a situation very similar to zero pressure. In an automatic ring provided at the outlet opening closed by the valve body of the outlet slide, the contact surface between the automatic ring and the swivel body is also pressurized by the compression of the sucked-in concrete from the outside with pulpy mass (in particular cement paste, ie the fluid constituents of the concrete). As a result, the hydrostatic contact pressure of the automatic ring is canceled by the equal, opposite acting force of the nip pressure. This ensures that the automatic ring, similar to the situation at zero pressure, is pressed during the switching process with constant pressure only with the freely selectable, low bias by a resilient sealing ring. The automatic ring acts only as a scraper, whereby the swivel resistance and wear are a minimum.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erlaubt es, dass sowohl am Einlassschieber als auch am Auslassschieber die zu Verhinderung des Abhebens bei Differenzdruck erforderliche hydrostatische Anpressung des Automatikrings erst im Stillstand nach dem Schaltvorgang und beim Auftreten von Druckdifferenzen am geschlossenen Schieber entsteht.The method according to the invention allows the hydrostatic contact pressure of the automatic ring, which is required to prevent lifting at differential pressure, to be produced only at standstill after the switching operation and when pressure differences occur at the closed slide, both at the inlet slide and at the outlet slide.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erlaubt es, eine Pumpvorrichtung einzusetzen, die gegenüber diskontinuierlichen Pumpen nur mit einem geringen Mehraufwand durch die zwei Einlassschieber, die für eine diskontinuierliche Pumpe mit zwei Drehschiebern technisch nicht erforderlich wären, zu konstruieren. Beispielsweise können die beiden in dem Vorfüllbehälter vorgesehenen Einlassschieber entlang der Gehäusewand des Vorfüllbehälters schwenkbar ausgebildet sein. Die für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren einsetzbare Pumpvorrichtung kann kompakt, kostengünstig und in leichter Bauweise ausgeführt sein. Die Baulänge und die Einfüllhöhe am Vorfüllbehälter können gegenüber den konventionellen, diskontinuierlichen Pumpen mit Schwenkrohr gleichgroß gehalten werden. Der Verschleiß an den Schiebern kann durch die während des Schaltvorgangs herrschende Nulldruck-, bzw. Nulldruck- ähnliche ("Gleichdruck") Situation trotz der gleichzeitigen Aufrecherhaltung des Förderdrucks äußerst gering gehalten werden. Ebenso können die Schaltwiderstände der Schieber und die erforderliche Schaltleistung sowie die erforderliche Schaltdauer gering gehalten werden. Die bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren einsetzbaren Schieber können außerdem sehr geringe bewegliche Massen aufweisen. Dies ist wegen der zahlreichen Schaltvorgängen, die wegen des sehr engen Zeitplans in sehr kurzer Zeit erfolgen müssen, besonderes vorteilhaft.The method according to the invention makes it possible to use a pumping device which, compared to discontinuous pumps, can only be constructed with a slight additional expenditure through the two inlet slides, which would not be technically necessary for a discontinuous pump with two rotary valves. For example, the two inlet slides provided in the prefilling container can be designed to be pivotable along the housing wall of the prefilling container. The pump device which can be used for the method according to the invention can be made compact, inexpensive and of a lightweight design. The overall length and the filling height at Vorfüllbehälter can be kept the same size compared to the conventional, discontinuous pumps with swivel tube. The wear on the slides can be kept extremely low by the prevailing during the switching zero pressure, or zero pressure similar ("equal pressure") situation despite the simultaneous Aufrecherhaltung the discharge pressure. Likewise, the switching resistance of the slide and the required switching power and the required switching time can be kept low. The sliders which can be used in the method according to the invention can also have very low masses. This is because of the numerous switching operations, which must be done because of the very tight schedule in a very short time, particularly advantageous.
Ferner ist es von Vorteil, dass bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine Pumpvorrichtung eingesetzt werden kann, bei der auf das aus
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird ein Auslassschieber eingesetzt, der als Drehschieber ausgebildet ist. Als Drehschieber werden derartige Schieber verstanden, die sich innerhalb eines durch das Schiebergehäuse vorgegebenen Raum von einer-Schließstellung in eine Öffnungsstellung drehen lassen, ohne dass der Ventilkörper des Schiebers den durch das Schiebergehäuse definierten Raum verlässt. Alternativen zu Drehschiebern sind lineare Flachschieber und sogenannte Plungerschieber mit zylindrischen Absperrelementen, bei denen ein Ventilkörper aus einer seitlich neben dem durch das Schiebergehäuse definierten Raum angeordneten Öffnungsposition linear in den durch das Schiebergehäuse definierten Raum eingeschoben wird, um seine Schließstellung einzunehmen. Drehschieber lassen sich besonders gut dazu einsetzten, um volumenneutral von einer Schließstellung in eine Öffnungsstellung bewegt zu werden, also ohne dass beim Bewegen des Ventilkörpers von der Schließstellung in die Öffnungsstellung, bzw. zurück in die Schließstellung eine Lücke, bzw. eine Überschussmenge in der den Ventilkörper sowohl stromaufwärts als auch stromabwärts umgebenden breiigen Masse entsteht.In a preferred embodiment of the method, an outlet slide is used, which is designed as a rotary valve. As a rotary valve such slides are understood that can be rotated within a predetermined by the slider housing space from a closed position to an open position without the valve body of the slider leaves the space defined by the slide housing. Alternatives to rotary valves are linear flat slide and so-called plunger with cylindrical shut-off elements, in which a valve body from a laterally arranged next to the space defined by the slide housing opening position is inserted linearly in the space defined by the slide housing to take its closed position. Rotary valves can be used particularly well to be moved neutral in volume from a closed position to an open position, ie without moving the valve body from the closed position to the open position, or back to the closed position, a gap, or an excess amount in the Valve body arises both upstream and downstream surrounding mushy mass.
Besonders bevorzugt wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein Auslassschieber eingesetzt, der ein Drehschieber mit einem Ventilkörper in einem Schiebergehäuse ist, bei dem das Schiebergehäuse Teil des Förderraums ist, in dem die breiige Masse von den jeweiligen Zylinder in die Förderleitung gefördert wird und der Ventilkörper in allen Stellungen des Auslassschiebers im Schiebergehäuse verbleibt.Particularly preferred in the method according to the invention, an outlet slide is used, which is a rotary valve with a valve body in a slide housing, in which the slide housing is part of the pumping chamber, in which the mushy mass is conveyed by the respective cylinder in the delivery line and the valve body in all Positions of the outlet slide in the valve body remains.
Diese Bauform ermöglicht es, den Ventilkörper volumenneutral von der Schließstellung in die Öffnungsstellung und zurück zu überführen. Dadurch wird die kontinuierliche Förderung der breiigen Masse unterstützt, da in dem Förderraum keine Lücke entsteht, wenn der Absperrkörper beim Öffnen aus dem Druckraum herausfährt. Umgekehrt würde er beim Hereinfahren in den Druckraum die effektive Fördermenge stark erhöhen und ebenfalls keine Kontinuität erreicht.This design makes it possible to convert the valve body volume-neutral from the closed position to the open position and back. As a result, the continuous promotion of mushy mass is supported, since in the pumping chamber no gap arises when the shut-off moves out of the pressure chamber when opening. Conversely, when entering the pressure chamber, it would greatly increase the effective delivery rate and likewise not achieve continuity.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der Ventilkörper des Auslassschiebers von einer Schließstellung in eine geöffnete Stellung bewegt, wenn der Druck der in dem Zylinder durch die Kompression mit Druck beaufschlagten breiigen Masse im wesentlichen dem Druck der breiigen Masse auf der förderleitungsseitigen Seite des Auslassschiebers entspricht. Dadurch wird eine Gleichdruck-Situation erzielt, die ein besonders leichtes Schalten des Auslassschiebers bei geringem Verschleiß erlaubt.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the valve body of the outlet spool is moved from a closed position to an open position when the pressure of the mushy mass pressurized in the cylinder by compression corresponds substantially to the pressure of the mushy mass on the delivery line side of the outlet spool , As a result, a constant pressure situation is achieved, which allows a particularly easy switching of the outlet slide with little wear.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird ein Einlassschieber eingesetzt, der als Schwenkflachschieber ausgebildet ist. Bei einem Schwenkflachschieber wird der flach ausgebildete Ventilkörper des Schiebers durch eine Schwenkbewegung von einer seitlich neben der zu verschließenden Öffnung befindlichen Öffnungsstellung in eine die zu verschließende Öffnung verschließende Schließposition geschwenkt. Derartige Schwenkflachschieber können besonders einfach ausgebildet werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erlaubt es, den Einlassschieber in einer Nulldruck-Situation zu öffnen und erlaubt es damit, einen einfach zu konstruierenden Schwenkflachschieber einzusetzen, der wegen bzw. nach der DruckEntlastung geschaltet werden kann. Insbesondere bei hohen Förderwiderständen in der Förderleitung wäre der Schwenk-Widerstand praktisch unüberwindbar und der Verschleiß extrem hoch.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, an inlet slide is used, which is designed as a pivot valve. In the case of a pivoting flat slide, the flat valve body of the slide is pivoted by a pivoting movement from an opening position located laterally next to the opening to be closed into a closing position closing the opening to be closed. Such pivoting flat slide can be made particularly simple. The method according to the invention makes it possible to open the inlet slide in a zero-pressure situation and thus makes it possible to use a swiveling slide valve which is simple to construct and which can be switched due to or after the pressure release. Especially with high delivery resistances in the delivery line, the pivoting resistance would be virtually insurmountable and the wear extremely high.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann insbesondere wie folgt betrieben werden:
- 1. Bei geöffneter Einlassöffnung und geschlossener Auslassöffnung wird der Kolben eines Zylinders zur Durchführung eines Saughubs nach hinten gezogen. Dabei wird breiige Masse von dem Vorfüllbehälter in den Zylinder eingesogen.
- 2. Am Ende, gegen Ende oder kurz nach Ende des Saughubs wird die Einlassöffnung verschlossen, indem der Einlassschieber in seine Schließstellung geschwenkt wird. Dabei ist die Wahl, ob das Schließen der Einlassöffnung am Ende, gegen Ende oder kurz nach Ende des Saughubs durchgeführt wird, vor allem systembedingt. So kann es aufgrund der Schaltzeiten des Einlassschiebers beispielsweise notwendig sein, die Schwenkbewegung des Einlassschiebers in die Schließstellung bereits zu beginnen, bevor der Kolben seine vollständig zurückgezogene Stellung in dem Zylinder erreicht hat. Andererseits kann die Trägheit einer möglicherweise vorgesehenen Schalthydraulik dazu führen, dass der Einlassschieber erst geschlossen wird, nachdem Endstellungssensoren erkannt haben, dass der Kolben seine Endstellung im Zylinder erreicht hat.
- 3. Der Kolben des Zylinders wird auf die Auslassöffnung und die Einlassöffnung zubewegt und führt dabei eine Kompression der breiigen Masse im Zylinder durch.
- 4. Die Auslassöffnung wird durch Schwenken des Auslassschiebers geöffnet. Nun ist der zugehörige Förderzylinder pumpbereit.
- 5. Nach einem kurzen Reserve-Zeitintervall (für das eigentliche Pumpen der breiigen Masse) erreicht der pumpende Kolben die Nähe seiner Endstellung. Jetzt wird das hydraulische Steuerventil vorzugsweise so umgeschaltet, dass sich der Ölstrom in dem die Ventile steuernden Hydrauliksystem kurzzeitig auf beide Zylinder aufteilen kann. Dabei bleibt die effektive Fördermenge im Beton konstant. Nach Erreichen der Endstellung fördert nur noch der folgende Zylinder. Auf diese Weise kann eine völlige Kontinuität erzielt werden.
- 6. Am Ende, bzw. gegen Ende des Pumphubs wird die Auslassöffnung durch Schwenken des Auslassschiebers in die Schließstellung verschlossen.
Dieser Schaltvorgang erfolgt unter Gleichdruck, wodurch geringe Schaltwiderstände und geringer Verschleiß erreicht werden. - 7. Der Kolben wird in dem Zylinder zurückgezogen, so dass noch in dem Zylinder und im Steuergehäuse befindliche breiige Masse entspannt wird. Der Einlassschieber wird in seine Öffnungsstellung geschwenkt, wenn der Druck der breiigen Masse im Zylinder dem Druck des Vorfüllbehälters entspricht.
- 1. With the inlet port open and the outlet port closed, the piston of a cylinder is pulled back to make a suction stroke. This pulpy mass is sucked from the Vorfüllbehälter in the cylinder.
- 2. At the end, toward the end or shortly after the end of the suction stroke, the inlet port is closed by pivoting the inlet gate to its closed position. The choice as to whether the closing of the inlet opening at the end, towards the end or shortly after the end of the suction stroke, is mainly due to the system. For example, due to the switching times of the inlet gate, it may be necessary to begin the pivotal movement of the inlet gate into the closed position before the piston has reached its fully retracted position in the cylinder. On the other hand, the inertia of a possibly provided switching hydraulics can lead to the inlet slide being closed only after end position sensors have recognized that the piston has reached its end position in the cylinder.
- 3. The piston of the cylinder is moved towards the outlet opening and the inlet opening, thereby compressing the mushy mass in the cylinder.
- 4. The outlet opening is opened by pivoting the outlet slide. Now the associated delivery cylinder is ready for pumping.
- 5. After a short reserve time interval (for the actual pumping of pulpy mass), the pumping piston reaches near its end position. Now, the hydraulic control valve is preferably switched so that the oil flow in the hydraulic system controlling the valves can be temporarily split between the two cylinders. The effective flow rate in the concrete remains constant. After reaching the end position promotes only the following cylinder. In this way, complete continuity can be achieved.
- 6. At the end, or towards the end of the pumping stroke, the outlet opening is closed by pivoting the outlet slide into the closed position.
This switching process takes place under constant pressure, which low switching resistance and low wear can be achieved. - 7. The piston is retracted in the cylinder, so that even in the cylinder and in the control housing located mushy mass is relaxed. The inlet gate is pivoted to its open position when the pressure of the mushy mass in the cylinder corresponds to the pressure of the pre-fill tank.
Der weitere Zylinder wird gegenläufig betrieben, wobei die Schritte 1 bis 4 des Bewegungsablaufs des einen Zylinders vollständig in der Zeit durchgeführt werden, in der der Kolben des anderen Zylinders breiige Masse mit dem aktuellen Förderdruck in die Förderleitung fördert. Hierzu ist die Kolbengeschwindigkeit beim Saughub größer zu wählen als beim Pumphub, um die für die Durchführung der Schritte 1 bis 4 vorzusehende Zeit gering zu halten. Diese Abstimmung der einzelnen Schritte aufeinander führt dazu, dass die breiige Masse kontinuierlich in die Förderleitung gepumpt wird. Sobald nämlich der Pumphub des einen Zylinders beendet ist, steht der andere Zylinder mit vorkomprimierter breiiger Masse bereit, um die Förderung fortzuführen.The other cylinder is operated in opposite directions, wherein the steps 1 to 4 of the movement sequence of the one cylinder are carried out completely in the time in which the piston of the other pulp mass promotes pulp with the current delivery pressure in the delivery line. For this purpose, the piston speed during the suction stroke is to be selected to be greater than during the pumping stroke in order to keep the time to be provided for carrying out steps 1 to 4 low. This coordination of the individual steps to one another means that the pulpy mass is continuously pumped into the delivery line. As soon as the pumping stroke of one cylinder is completed, the other cylinder with precompressed mushy mass is ready to continue the promotion.
Eine alternative Ausbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Förderung breiiger Massen sieht den Einsatz einer Pumpvorrichtung vor, die eine Kolbenpumpe mit mindestens zwei Zylindern, die jeweils einen Kolben aufweisen, aufweist, bei der jeder Zylinder über eine mit einem ihm zugeordneten Einlassschieber verschließbare Einlassöffnung mit einem Vorfüllbehälter und bei der jeder Zylinder über eine mit einem ihm zugeordneten Auslassschieber verschließbare Auslassöffnung mit einer Förderleitung verbunden ist. Bei diesem Verfahren wird zumindest in einen der Zylinder ein Reinigungskörper eingebracht, der mittels Druckluft durch den geöffneten Auslassschieber in die Förderleitung eingebracht wird und die in der Förderleitung befindliche breiige Masse durch die Förderleitung fördert. Diese alternative Ausbildung ist vorteilhafterweise in Kombination mit der zuvor beschriebenen Ausbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens durchführbar.An alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention for conveying mushy masses provides for the use of a pumping device having a piston pump with at least two cylinders, each having a piston, in which each cylinder via a closable with its associated inlet slide inlet opening with a Vorfüllbehälter and in which each cylinder is connected to a delivery line via an outlet opening which can be closed by means of an outlet valve assigned to it. In this method, a cleaning body is introduced into at least one of the cylinders, which is introduced by means of compressed air through the open outlet slide in the delivery line and promotes the present in the delivery line pulpy mass through the delivery line. This alternative training is advantageous in combination with the previously described embodiment of the method according to the invention feasible.
Die alternative Ausbildung bietet die Möglichkeit, die Pumpvorrichtung besonders gut zu reinigen. Neben dem Problem der Diskontinuität besteht nämlich das weitere Problem der Entsorgung des Restbetons. Wenn eine Kolbenpumpe Lust statt Beton ansaugt, ist eine Förderung nicht mehr möglich. Der dann noch in der gefüllten Förderleitung am Verteilermast befindliche Beton und der im Vorfüllbehälter befindliche nicht mehr ansaugbare Beton werden "Restbeton" genannt. Der Beton aus der Förderleitung wird in der Praxis durch Zurücksaugen eines "Wischerballs" mit Unterstützung der Schwerkraft in den Vorfüllbehälter zurückgesaugt. Bei längeren Masten quillt der Vorfüllbehälter über, was eine große Reinigungsaktion nach sich zieht.The alternative training offers the opportunity to clean the pumping device very well. In addition to the problem of discontinuity, there is the further problem of disposal of the residual concrete. If a piston pump sucks pleasure instead of concrete, a promotion is no longer possible. The then still in the filled delivery line on the distribution boom concrete and located in Vorfüllbehälter no longer suckable concrete are called "residual concrete". The concrete from the delivery line is sucked back in practice by sucking back a "wiper ball" with the help of gravity in the Vorfüllbehälter. For longer masts, the pre-fill tank overflows, resulting in a large cleaning action.
Bei der für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vorgenommen Auslegung der Pumpvorrichtung mit zwei vorzugsweise mit Automatikringen gut abgedichteten und unabhängig von einander schaltbaren Einlassschiebern kann man außerdem durch die beiden Saugöffnungen je einen Ball ansaugen und in die beiden Schenkel eines möglicherweise vorgesehenen Hosenrohrs fördern und den gesamten Beton mit Druckluft bis zum Einbringort fördern. Die Druckluft schiebt den Reinigungskörper, vorzugsweise den Ball, vor sich her durch die Förderleitung.In the design of the pumping device according to the invention with two preferably with automatic rings well sealed and independently switchable inlet sliders can suck in each case through the two suction openings each ball and promote the two legs of a possibly provided trouser tube and the entire concrete with compressed air promote to the place of introduction. The compressed air pushes the cleaning body, preferably the ball, in front of him through the delivery line.
Die erfindungsgemäße Pumpvorrichtung zur Förderung breiiger Massen weist eine Kolbenpumpe mit einem Zylindern auf, der einen Kolben aufweist und der über eine durch eine Brillenplatte begrenzte Einlassöffnung, die durch einen Einlassschieber verschlossen werden kann, mit einem Vorfüllbehälter verbunden ist, wobei der Einlassschieber eine dem Zylinderinneren zugewandte Verschlußfläche aufweist, wobei
- der Einlassschieber einen schwenkbaren Grundkörper aufweist,
- die Verschlußfläche zumindest zum Teil durch die Fläche eines relativ zum Grundkörper beweglichen Kolbens gebildet wird, der in einen in dem Grundkörper ausgebildeten, geschlossenen Hohlraum eintauchen kann, wenn von der Innenseite des Steuergehäuses ein Mediumdruck auf den Kolben wirkt,
- in dem Hohlraum ein Fluid vorgesehen ist, das durch das Eintauchen des Kolbens komprimiert werden kann,
- ein als Ringkolben ausgebildeter Schneidring vorgesehen ist, der eine Fläche aufweist, die dem Hohlraum zugewandt ist, und der in Schließstellung des Einlassschiebers durch den Druck des Fluids gegen die Brillenplatte gepresst wird.
- the inlet slide has a pivotable basic body,
- the closure surface is formed, at least in part, by the surface of a piston which is movable relative to the base body and which can dip into a closed cavity formed in the base body when a medium pressure acts on the piston from the inside of the control housing,
- in the cavity a fluid is provided, which can be compressed by the immersion of the piston,
- provided as an annular piston cutting ring is provided which has a surface which faces the cavity, and is pressed in the closed position of the inlet slider by the pressure of the fluid against the spectacle plate.
Dieser Aufbau eines Einlassschiebers erlaubt es, einen Schwenk-Flachschieber mit einem Schneidring (Automatikring) zu versehen, obwohl der Schneidering nicht wie bei der
Beim Schaltvorgang, der beim Einlassschieber grundsätzlich im annähernden drucklosen Zustand ("Nulldruck") stattfindet, wird der Schneidering nur als Abstreifer mit der freiwählbaren Vorspannkraft einer Vorspannfeder gegen die ihm zugeordnete Dichtfläche gepresst. Damit kann der Verschleiß an einem derartigen Schneidring reduziert werden, weil dessen Verschleiß fast ausschließlich beim Schaltvorgang auftritt und mit ca. der 3. Potenz von der Flächenpressung abhängt.During the switching process, which takes place in the inlet slider basically in the approximate pressure-free state ("zero pressure"), the cutting ring is pressed only as a scraper with the freely selectable biasing force of a biasing spring against its associated sealing surface. Thus, the wear on such a cutting ring can be reduced because its wear occurs almost exclusively during the switching process and depends on the surface pressure with approximately the 3rd power.
Die Besonderheit bei einer derartigen Anordnung an einem Einlassschieber besteht darin, dass auf der einen Seite des Einlassschiebers im Vorfüllbehälter regelmäßig Umgebungsdruck herrscht. Die nun vorgeschlagenen Konstruktion bietet mit dem Hohlraum, an den sowohl das bewegliche Element als auch der Schneidring angrenzen, die Möglichkeit, die durch den Druck der breiigen Masse erzeugte Kraft auf die der breiigen Masse abgewandten Seite des Schneidrings "umzulenken". In der Schließstellung des Einlassschiebers drückt die breiige Masse bei Druckbelastung auf die nach außen gerichtete Fläche des beweglichen Teils. Dieser Druck wird über die nach innen gerichtete Fläche auf das in dem Hohlraum befindliche Fluid übertragen. Dieses - vorzugsweise inkompressible - Fluid übt den Druck auf die nach innen gerichtete Fläche des Schneidrings aus und drückt ihn damit auf die die Einlassöffnung umgebende Dichtfläche. Dringt nun bei Beaufschlagung mit dem Mediumdruck breiige Masse zwischen den Schneidring und die ihm zugeordnete Dichtfläche, so wird der Schneidring mit dem Spaltdruck der breiigen Masse, der im Mittel ca. 50% des Mediumdruckes beträgt, beaufschlagt und zwar in Richtung von der Dichtfläche fort. Da der Schneidring aber gleichzeitig über das im Hohlraum befindliche Fluid mit dem Druck der breiigen Masse gegen diese Dichtfläche gedrückt wird, überwiegt die Anpresskraft in Richtung gegen die Brillenplatte. Es wird erfolgreich verhindert, dass der Schneidring von der Dichtfläche abgehoben wird. Die Anpresskraft wird außerdem durch die zusätzlich vorhandene Vorspannung, durch das Federelement erhöht. Beim Schaltvorgang, der beim Einlassschieber bei "Nulldruck" stattfindet, stellt die Vorspannung die Funktion des Schneiderings als Abstreifer sicher.
Die Brillenplatte ist entweder einstückig an dem Vorfüllbehälter ausgebildet oder als separates Bauelement. Der Begriff "Brillenplatte" legt keine bestimmte Geometrie fest, sondern bezeichnet lediglich die Flächen, gegen die der Automatikring (Schneidring) dichtend gepresst wird.The peculiarity of such an arrangement on an inlet slide is that on one side of the inlet slide in Vorfüllbehälter regular ambient pressure prevails. The proposed construction now offers the possibility, with the cavity adjacent to both the movable element and the cutting ring, of "deflecting" the force generated by the pressure of the pulpy mass to the side of the cutting ring facing away from the pulpy mass. In the closed position of the inlet slider, the mushy mass presses on pressure on the outwardly facing surface of the movable part. This pressure is transmitted via the inwardly directed surface to the fluid in the cavity. This - preferably incompressible - fluid exerts the pressure on the inwardly facing surface of the cutting ring and thus presses it onto the sealing surface surrounding the inlet opening. Penetrating now when acted upon by the medium pressure pulpy mass between the cutting ring and its associated sealing surface, the cutting ring with the nip pressure of mushy mass, which is on average about 50% of the medium pressure, applied in the direction of the sealing surface away. Since the cutting ring but is pressed simultaneously over the fluid in the cavity with the pressure of pulpy mass against this sealing surface, the contact force outweighs in the direction against the spectacle plate. It is successfully prevented that the cutting ring is lifted from the sealing surface. The contact pressure is also increased by the additional existing bias, by the spring element. During the switching process, which takes place at the inlet slide at "zero pressure", the preload ensures the function of the cutting ring as a scraper.
The spectacle plate is either integrally formed on the Vorfüllbehälter or as a separate component. The term "spectacle plate" does not define any particular geometry, but merely designates the surfaces against which the automatic ring (cutting ring) is pressed in a sealing manner.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Einlassschieber ein vorgespanntes Federelement auf, das in derselben Richtung wie der Mediumdruck auf den Kolben einwirkt. Hierdurch wird eine Vorspannung bewirkt.In a preferred embodiment, the inlet slide on a biased spring element which acts in the same direction as the medium pressure on the piston. As a result, a bias is effected.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Federelement als eine Tellerfeder ausgebildet oder wird durch mehrere Tellerfedern ausgebildet. Tellerfedern eignen sich besonders gut für den Einbau in dem erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Einlassschieber.In a preferred embodiment, the spring element is designed as a plate spring or is formed by a plurality of disc springs. Disc springs are particularly well suited for installation in the present invention designed inlet slider.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Kolben auf seiner dem Fluid zugewandten Seite einen im wesentlichen zylindrischen Stiel auf, der in einer zylindrischen Bohrung des Gehäuses gleitend gelagert ist und gemeinsam mit dem Mantel des Kolbens eine Führung bildet, die den Kolben gegen Verkanten sichert.In a preferred embodiment, the piston on its side facing the fluid on a substantially cylindrical stem which is slidably mounted in a cylindrical bore of the housing and together with the jacket of the piston forms a guide which secures the piston against tilting.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform durchdringt der Stiel des Kolbens den Grundkörper axial beweglich und abgedichtet. Dadurch kann der aktuelle Stand des Kolbens vom Vorfüllbehälter aus sichtbar werden. Dies gibt einen Hinweis auf den Verschleiß am Schneidring und der Brillenplatte, bzw. auf die richtige Menge des eingebrachten Fluids.In a preferred embodiment, the stem of the piston penetrates the body axially movable and sealed. As a result, the current state of the piston can be seen from the Vorfüllbehälter from. This gives an indication of the wear on the cutting ring and the spectacle plate, or on the correct amount of the introduced fluid.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform stützt sich das Federelement am Schneidring ab.In a preferred embodiment, the spring element is supported on the cutting ring.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Schneidring als Ringkolben mit u-förmigem Ringquerschnitt ausgebildet, der mit seinem äußeren Innendurchmesser gegenüber dem Grundkörper und mit seinem inneren Innendurchmesser gegenüber dem Kolben gleitend abgedichtet ist.In a preferred embodiment, the cutting ring is designed as an annular piston with a U-shaped annular cross-section, which is sealed with its outer inner diameter relative to the base body and with its inner inner diameter relative to the piston slidably.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die auf den verschlossenen Flachschieber bei Druckbelastung durch das im Schiebergehäuse befindliche Medium wirkende hydrostatische Kraft zum Teil durch die Zugkraft einer den Einlassschieber tragenden Schwenkwelle und zum Teil durch eine Kraft aufgenommen, mit der sich der zum Teil in einer Führungsrille geführte Grundkörper an der Führungsrille abstützt.In a preferred embodiment, the hydrostatic force acting on the closed flat slide when subjected to pressure by the medium in the slide housing is partially absorbed by the tensile force of a pivot shaft supporting the inlet slide and partly by a force with which the body partially guided in a guide groove supported on the guide groove.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Einlassschieber mit einer Schwenkwelle verbunden und die Verbindung des Grundkörpers mit der Schwenkwelle erlaubt eine geringfügige Pendelbewegung um eine im wesentlichen horizontale, senkrecht zur Schwenkachse verlaufende Achse.In a preferred embodiment, the inlet slider is connected to a pivot shaft and the connection of the base body with the pivot shaft allows a slight oscillating movement about a substantially horizontal, perpendicular to the pivot axis extending axis.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird das Federelement durch Einbringen des Fluids in den Hohlraum gespannt, wobei sich der Kolben entgegen der Wirkrichtung des Mediumdrucks bewegt und der Fluidraum durch ein Rückschlagventil oder einen Verschlußstopfen gegen ein Ausfließen des Fluids gesichert wird.In a preferred embodiment, the spring element is tensioned by introducing the fluid into the cavity, wherein the piston moves against the effective direction of the medium pressure and the fluid space is secured by a check valve or a plug against leakage of the fluid.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Einlassschieber ein Schwenkflachschieber ist.In a preferred embodiment, the inlet slide is a swiveling slide.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Einlassschieber ein Federelement auf, das ein Bauteil des Einlassschiebers derart in den Hohlraum drückt, dass das in dem Hohlraum befindliche Fluid vorkomprimiert wird. Hierdurch wird eine Drucksituation geschaffen, die Bauteile des Einlassschiebers in einer ersten Betriebssituation hält. Außerdem kann durch diese Vorspannung der Druck eingestellt werden, mit dem der Schneidring gegen die Dichtfläche gedrückt wird.In a preferred embodiment, the inlet slider has a spring element which presses a component of the inlet slider into the cavity in such a way that the fluid located in the cavity is precompressed. As a result, a pressure situation is created, which keeps components of the inlet slide in a first operating situation. In addition, can be adjusted by this bias the pressure at which the cutting ring is pressed against the sealing surface.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird als Fluid ein Fett oder ein Öl eingesetzt. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass ein Fett, bzw. ein Öl besonders geeignet ist, in der Betriebsumgebung der Förderung breiiger Massen für die Beaufschlagung des Schneidrings mit Druck eingesetzt zu werden.In a preferred embodiment, a fat or an oil is used as the fluid. It has been found that a grease, or an oil is particularly suitable to be used in the operating environment of conveying mushy masses for the application of pressure to the cutting ring.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Federelement als Tellerfeder ausgebildet. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass der Einsatz einer Tellerfeder eine besonders flache Bauweise des Einlassschiebers in der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpvorrichtung erlaubt.In a preferred embodiment, the spring element is designed as a plate spring. It has been found that the use of a plate spring allows a particularly flat design of the inlet slide in the pump device according to the invention.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird das bewegliche Element, das einen Druck, den die breiige Masse auf es ausübt, auf das im Grundkörper befindliche Fluid ausüben kann, durch das Federelement in den Hohlraum gedrückt, so dass das in dem Hohlraum befindliche Fluid vorkomprimiert wird. Dies erlaubt es, den Einlassschieber mit einer geringen Anzahl von Bauteilen zu realisieren.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the movable element which can exert a pressure exerted by the pulpy mass on the fluid in the body is forced into the cavity by the spring element, so that the fluid in the cavity is pre-compressed. This makes it possible to realize the inlet slider with a small number of components.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass
- der Hohlraum durch eine Ausnehmung in dem Grundkörper gebildet wird, die sich in dem Grundkörper in Richtung auf die dem Zylinder zugewandte Seite des Einlassschiebers öffnet und einen runde Öffnung mit einem Öffnungsdurchmesser aufweist, der größer ist als der Durchmesser der Einlassöffnung,
- die Öffnung der Ausnehmung durch einen Deckel und den zwischen dem Außenumfang des Deckels und der die Öffnung begrenzenden Wand angeordneten Schneidring zur Bildung des Hohlraums verschlossen wird.
- the cavity is formed by a recess in the base body which opens in the base body in the direction of the cylinder-facing side of the inlet slide and has a round opening with an opening diameter which is larger than the diameter of the inlet opening,
- the opening of the recess is closed by a lid and the cutting ring arranged between the outer periphery of the lid and the opening bounding wall to form the cavity.
Diese Bauform erlaubt es, den Einlassschieber der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpvorrichtung einfach zusammenzubauen.This design makes it easy to assemble the inlet slider of the pump device according to the invention.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Deckel beweglich relativ zum Grundkörper ausgebildet und bildet das bewegliche Element. Diese Bauform erlaubt es, den Einlassschieber einfach und mit einer geringen Anzahl von Bauteilen auszuführen.In a preferred embodiment, the lid is movably formed relative to the base body and forms the movable element. This design makes it easy to run the inlet slide with a small number of components.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Deckel einen Anschlag auf, der an einem Anschlag des Schneidrings anliegt, wenn der Deckel durch das Fluid im Hohlraum nach außen gedrückt wird. Durch das Zusammenwirken der beiden Anschläge wird der Deckel sicher in dem Einlassschieber gehalten. Der Schneidring ist durch seine Anlage an der die Öffnung begrenzenden Wand gehalten, so dass sich der Deckel mittels eines Anschlags an dem Schneidring abstützen kann.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the lid has a stop which abuts against a stop of the cutting ring when the lid is pressed by the fluid in the cavity to the outside. By the interaction of the two stops, the lid is securely held in the inlet slide. The cutting ring is held by its abutment on the wall defining the opening, so that the lid can be supported by means of a stop on the cutting ring.
In einer alternativen Bauform ist der Deckel am Grundkörper befestigt und weist eine Öffnung auf, in der das bewegliche Element, beispielsweise ein Kolben, beweglich relativ zum Deckel angeordnet ist. Dies mag gegenüber der vorgenannten Bauform die Anzahl der Bauteile des Einlassschiebers erhöhen. Diese Bauform führt jedoch zu einem stabileren Einlassschieber.In an alternative design, the lid is fastened to the base body and has an opening in which the movable element, for example a piston, is movable is arranged relative to the lid. This may increase the number of components of the inlet slide compared to the aforementioned design. However, this design leads to a more stable inlet slide.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpvorrichtung weist diese mindestens zwei, insbesondere genau zwei Zylinder auf, die jeweils einen Kolben aufweisen. Jeder Zylinder dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist über eine mit einem ihm zugeordneten Einlassschieber verschließbare Einlassöffnung mit einem Vorfüllbehälter verbunden. Jeder Zylinder dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist ferner über eine mit einem ihm zugeordneten Auslassschieber verschließbare Auslassöffnung mit einer Förderleitung verbunden. Diese Ausführungsform bietet unter anderem den Vorteil einer einfachen Reinigung der Förderleitung. In der Praxis werden beim sogenannten Ausblasen der Förderleitung zur Vermeidung des Restbetons, also beim Reinigen der Förderleitung, aufwendige sogenannte Kammerschieber eingesetzt. Diese werden nun überflüssig. Die bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpvorrichtung kann nämlich so ausgebildet sein, dass die Schieber individuell gesteuert werden können, so dass man für jeden Zylinder aus dem Vorfüllbehälter-einen üblichen Schwammgummiball ansaugen und-ihn in das als Teil der Förderleitung vorgesehene Hosenrohr sowie die sich danach erstreckende weitere Förderleitung einbringen kann. Diese Schwammgummibälle können dann mit Druckluft nach vorne aus der Förderleitung ausgeblasen werden. Diese stellt eine deutliche Vereinfachung der Reinigung einer derartigen Pumpvorrichtung dar.In a preferred embodiment of the pump device according to the invention, this has at least two, in particular exactly two cylinders, each having a piston. Each cylinder of this preferred embodiment is connected to a prefill container via an inlet port closable with an inlet gate associated therewith. Each cylinder of this preferred embodiment is further connected to a delivery line via an outlet opening which can be closed by means of an outlet valve assigned to it. This embodiment offers, inter alia, the advantage of easy cleaning of the delivery line. In practice, the so-called purging of the delivery line to avoid the residual concrete, so when cleaning the delivery line, so-called chamber slide are used. These are now superfluous. The preferred embodiment of the pumping device according to the invention may in fact be designed so that the slide can be controlled individually, so that you suck for each cylinder from the Vorfüllbehälter-a conventional sponge rubber ball and him into the provided as part of the delivery line downpipe and then extending can bring in further support. These sponge rubber balls can then be blown out of the delivery line with compressed air to the front. This represents a significant simplification of the cleaning of such a pumping device.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpvorrichtung durchgeführt. Die erfindungsgemäße Pumpvorrichtung und das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren werden insbesondere bevorzugt zum Fördern von Beton und anderen Dickstoffen, wie z.B. Klärschlamm oder Abraum beim Tunnelbau eingesetzt.In a preferred embodiment, the inventive method is carried out with the pumping device according to the invention. The pumping device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are particularly preferred for conveying concrete and other thick matter such as e.g. Sewage sludge or overburden used in tunnel construction.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Teils der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpvorrichtung, in der der Einlassschieber, der Auslassschieber, das Schiebergehäuse, ein Teil eines Zylinders, Teile der Förderleitung und Teile des Vorfüllbehälters zu erkennen sind;
- Fig. 2
- eine vergrößerte Detailansicht des Einlassschiebers in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht,
- Fig. 3
- eine Detailansicht einer alternativen Ausführungsform eines Einlassschiebers in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht,
- Fig. 4
- eine Detailansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Einlassschiebers in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht und
- Fig. 5
- eine Detailansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Einlassschiebers in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht.
- Fig. 1
- a sectional side view of a portion of the pumping device according to the invention, in which the inlet slide, the outlet slide, the slide housing, a part of a cylinder, parts of the delivery line and parts of the Vorfüllbehälters are visible;
- Fig. 2
- an enlarged detail view of the inlet slider in a sectional side view,
- Fig. 3
- a detailed view of an alternative embodiment of an inlet slider in a sectional side view,
- Fig. 4
- a detailed view of another embodiment of the inlet slider in a sectional side view and
- Fig. 5
- a detailed view of another embodiment of the inlet slider in a sectional side view.
Die in
Der Einlassschieber 4 der Pumpvorrichtung ist als Schwenkflachschieber ausgebildet und kann um die Schwenkachse A aus der dargestellten geschlossenen Stellung in eine geöffnete Stellung verschwenkt werden. Der Einlassschieber 4 weist einen als Schneidring ausgebildeten Automatikring 10 auf, der in Schließstellung des Einlassschiebers die Einlassöffnung 3 umgibt und zumindest mit Teilen einer nach außen gerichteten Fläche gegen eine die Einlassöffnung umgebende Dichtfläche des Körpers, in dem die Einlassöffnung ausgebildet ist, gedrückt wird.The
Der in seiner geöffneten Stellung dargestellte Auslassschieber ist als Drehschieber ausgebildet. Der Ventilkörper 30 des Auslassschiebers ist in einem Schiebergehäuse 31 angeordnet, wobei das Schiebergehäuse 31 der Förderraum ist, durch den die breiige Masse von dem jeweiligen Zylinder aus den Vorfüllbehälter angesaugt wird und beim Pumphub in die Förderleitung gefördert wird. Der Ventilkörper 30 verbleibt in allen Stellungen des Auslassschiebers im Schiebergehäuse und kann somit volumenneutral geschaltet werden.The outlet slide shown in its open position is designed as a rotary valve. The
Die Auslassöffnung 6 umgebend ist ein Automatikring 32 vorgesehen. Dieser Automatikring 32 kann nach Art eines der in
In dem Vorfüllbehälter ist ein Rührwerk 60 vorgesehen. Dieses kann aufgrund der geringen Bauhöhe der als Schwenkflachschieber ausgebildeten Ventilkörpers des Einlassschiebers 4 so ausgebildet werden, dass es auch im kritischen Bereich der Saugöffnung wirksam ist.In the Vorfüllbehälter a
Die in
Der gesamte Hohlraum 12 und 12a wird durch Ausnehmungen in dem Grundkörper 11 gebildet, die sich in dem Grundkörper 11 in Richtung auf die dem Zylinder 1 zugewandt Seite 16 des Einlassschiebers 4 öffnet und eine runde Öffnung mit einem Öffnungsdurchmesser D1 aufweist, der größer ist als der Durchmesser D2 der Einlassöffnung 3. Die Öffnung der Ausnehmung wird durch einen Deckel 17 und den zwischen dem Außenumfang des Deckels 17 und der die Öffnung begrenzenden Wand 18 angeordneten Schneidring 10 verschlossen.The
Der Schneidring 10, der in der dargestellten Schließstellung des Einlassschiebers 4 die Einlassöffnung umgibt, wird in der in
In dem Hohlraum 12 und 12a ist ein dünnflüssiges Fett oder ein dickflüssiges Öl vorgesehen. Dies kann über eine nicht dargestellte Einlassöffnung mittels einer Fettpresse in den Hohlraum eingebracht werden.In the
Ferner weist der Hohlraum des Einlassschiebers 4 eine Tellerfeder 22 auf. Diese drückt das als Kolben ausgebildete bewegliche Teil 13 in den Hohlraum, so dass das in dem Hohlraum befindliche Fluid vorkomprimiert wird. Mit dem so erzeugten Vorkomprimierungsdruck übt das in dem Hohlraum befindliche Fluid Druck auf die nach innen gerichtete Fläche 21 des Schneidrings 10 aus und drückt diesen mit diesem Druck gegen die Dichtfläche 20. Durch geeignete Wahl der Tellerfeder 22 kann somit der Anpressdruck eingestellt werden, mit dem der Schneidring während der drucklosen Schaltvorgänge (bei "Nulldruck") gegen die Dichtfläche 20 gedrückt wird.Furthermore, the cavity of the
Im Betrieb, beispielsweise wenn gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine Kompression der breiigen Masse im Zylinder erfolgt, bevor der Auslassschieber 7 geöffnet wird, wird die im Zylinder befindliche breiige Masse gegen die dem Zylinder 1 zugewandte Seite 16 des Einlassschiebers gedrückt. Mit gleichem Druck wird die dem Zylinder 1 zugewandte Fläche 15 des beweglichen Elements 13 mit Druck beaufschlagt. Das bewegliche Element 13 beaufschlagt das in dem Hohlraum 12 befindliche Fluid mit dem gleichen Druck. Dadurch wird der Schneidring 10 sowohl mit dem Vorspannungsdruck als auch mit dem durch das bewegliche Element 13 übertragenen Druck gegen die Dichtfläche 20 gedrückt. Gleichzeitig drückt der Zementleim- der breiigen Masse als hydrodynamischer Spaltdruck in den Spalt zwischen der Fläche 19 und der Dichtfläche 20, wie dies in
Die in
Der Hohlraum 42 wird durch eine Ausnehmung in dem Grundkörper 41 gebildet, die sich in dem Grundkörper 41 in Richtung auf die dem Zylinder 1 zugewandte Seite 46 des Einlassschiebers 4 öffnet. Die Öffnung der Ausnehmung wird durch den als Deckel 47 ausgebildete beweglichen Kolben 43 und den zwischen dem Außenumfang des Deckels 47 und der die Öffnung begrenzenden Wand 48 angeordneten Schneidring 40 zur Bildung des Hohlraums 42 verschlossen.The
Der Schneidring 40, der in der dargestellten Schließstellung des Einlassschiebers 4 die Einlassöffnung umgibt wird in der in der
In dem Hohlraum 42 ist ein dünnflüssiges Fett oder ein dickflüssiges Öl vorgesehen. Dies kann über die Einlassöffnung mittels einer Fettpresse in den Hohlraum 42 eingebracht-werden.In the
Ferner weist der Einlassschieber 4 eine oder mehrere Tellerfedern 52 auf. Diese drückt den als Deckel 47 ausgebildete "bewegliche" Kolben 43 in den Hohlraum 42, so dass das in dem Hohlraum befindliche Fluid vorkomprimiert wird. Mit dem so erzeugten Vorkomprimierungsdruck übt das in dem Hohlraum 42 befindliche Fluid Druck auf die nach innen gerichtete Fläche 51 des Schneidrings 40 aus und drückt diesen während des drucklosen Schaltvorgangs mit diesem Druck gegen die Dichtfläche 20. Durch geeignete Wahl der Tellerfeder 52 kann somit der Anpressdruck eingestellt werden, mit dem der Schneidring beim Schaltvorgang gegen die Dichtfläche 50 gedrückt wird.Furthermore, the
Die in
Bei der in
Der Kolben 143 weist auf seiner dem Fluid zugewandten Seite einen im Wesentlichen zylindrischen Stiel auf, der in einer zylindrischen Bohrung des Gehäuses gleitend gelagert ist und gemeinsam mit dem Mantel des Kolbens eine Führung bildet, die den Kolben gegen Verkanten sichert. Dieser Stiel des Kolbens durchdringt den Grundkörper axial beweglich und abgedichtet.The
Die in
Bei der in
Claims (18)
- Method of conveying pulpy substances with a pumping device, comprising a piston pump with at least two cylinders (1) which have each a piston (2), wherein each cylinder (1) is connected through an inlet slide (4, 104, 204) assigned to it is closable by a closable Inlet opening (3, 103, 203) with a prefill container (5) and at which each cylinder (1) is connected to a conveying line by a respective outlet opening (6) which is closeable with an outlet slide (7);- in which a pulpy substance is conveyed during a suction stroke of a cylinder (1) with the inlet opening (3, 103, 203) being open and closed outlet opening (6) from the prefill container (5) into the respective cylinders (1) and with a pump stroke of a cylinder (1) with an open outlet opening (6) and closed inlet opening (3, 103, 203) pulpy substance is conveyed into the conveying line, wherein the speed of the piston during the suction stroke Is greater than the speed during the pump stroke,- In which at the end, toward the end or shortly after the end of the suction stroke, the inlet opening (3, 103, 203) is closed by the inlet slide and subsequently a compression of the pulpy substance in the cylinder (1) takes place before the outlet opening (6) Is opened.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized In that the outlet slide (7) Is a rotary slide.
- Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the outlet slide (7) is a rotary slide with a valve body (30) in a slide housing (31), wherein the slide housing (31) is part of a conveying space, in which the pulpy substance Is conveyed by respective cylinder (1) Into the conveying line (8) and the valve body (30) remains in all positions of the outlet slide (7) in the slide housing (31).
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the valve body (30) of the outlet slide (7) is moved from a closed position in a open position by the compression of the pressurized pulpy substance corresponds essentially to the pressure of the pulpy substance on the side of the outlet slides (7) on the side of the conveying line.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the inlet slide (4, 104, 204) is a pivot flat slide.
- Method for conveying pulpy substances with a pumping device which includes a piston pump with at least two cylinders (1) which each have a piston (2), wherein each cylinder (1) is connected to a prefill container (5), through an inlet opening (3, 103, 203) assigned to It, which can be closed with an inlet slide (4, 104, 204), and wherein each cylinder (1) is connected to a conveying line through an outlet opening (6) which can be closed with an outlet slide (7), especially according to claims 1 to 5 characterized In that at least Into one of the cylinders contains a cleaning body with Is introduced into the conveying line with air pressure or water pressure through the opened outlet slide and thus conveys the pulpy substance present in the conveying line.
- Pumping device for conveying pulpy substances with a piston pump with a cylinder (1), which has a piston (2), and which is connected to a prefill container (5) through an inlet opening (3, 103, 203) which is limited by a spectacle-type plate, and can be closed with a inlet slide (4, 104, 204), wherein the inlet slide (4, 104, 204) has an closing plane inside the slide housing (31)
wherein the inlet slide (4, 104, 204)- has a pivotable base body (11, 41, 141, 241),- the closing plane is at least partially formed by a piston moveable relative to the base body, which can dive Into a closed hollow space (42, 142, 242) formed in the base body (11, 41, 141, 241), when a medium pressure acts from the inside of the slide housing (31) onto a piston,- in a hollow space a fluid is provided, which can be compressed by a piston diving into it,- a cutting ring (10, 40, 140, 240) formed as a ring piston has a surface which is facing the hollow space (12 and 12a, 42, 142, 242) and which In the closing position of the inlet slide (4, 104, 204) Is pressed against the spectacle plate by the pressure of the fluid. - Pumping device according to claim 7,
characterized in that the inlet slide (4, 104, 204) has a pretensioned spring element (22, 52, 152, 252), which acts in the same direction as the medium pressure on the piston. - Pumping device according to claim 8, characterized in that
the spring element Is constructed as a plate spring (52, 152, 252) or is formed by several plate springs. - Pumping device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the piston (43, 143, 243) has on its side facing the fluid an essentially cylindrical stem, machined slidingly in a cylindrical bore of the base body and, together with the jacket of piston (43, 143, 243) forms a guide which secures the piston against misalignment.
- Pumping device according to claim 10, characterized in that the stem of the piston (143, 243) axially, moveably and sealingly extends through the base body (141, 241).
- Pumping device according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized In that the spring element (152, 252) rests against the cutting ring (140, 240).
- Pumping device according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the cutting ring (140) is constructed as an annular piston with U-shaped an annular cross section, whose outer circumference Is moveably sealed towards the base body and its inner circumference towards the piston (143).
- Pumping device according to one of the claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the hydrostatic force effected trough the medium in the piston at pressure load onto the closed flat slide Is partially received by the traction of a pivotable shaft carrying the inlet slide, and partially Is received by a force with which the base body which is partially guided in a guiding groove is supported by the guiding groove.
- Pumping device according to one of the claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the inlet slide is connected to a pivotable shaft and that the connection of the base body with the pivotable shaft permits a limited pendulum movement about an essentially horizontal axis, which is vertical respective to the swinging axis.
- Pumping device according to one of the claims 7 to 15, characterized in that the spring element is tensioned by the introduction of the fluid into the hollow space, wherein the piston moves In opposite direction of the direction of the medium pressure and the space containing the fluid is secured against leaking of the fluid by a setback valve or a sealing plug.
- Pumping device according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized In that the Inlet slide (4, 104, 204) Is a pivotable flat slide.
- Method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the method is carried out with a pumping device according to the claims 7 to 17.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PL10704309T PL2387667T3 (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2010-01-14 | Method for feeding pasty masses and pump device for feeding pasty masses |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102009005318A DE102009005318B3 (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Process for conveying mushy masses and pumping device for conveying mushy masses |
PCT/EP2010/000161 WO2010081695A1 (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2010-01-14 | Method for feeding pasty masses and pump device for feeding pasty masses |
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EP2387667A1 EP2387667A1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
EP2387667B1 true EP2387667B1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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US (2) | US9046086B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2387667B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2012515294A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20110123243A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102282370A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2749386A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009005318B3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2414866T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2011007516A (en) |
PL (1) | PL2387667T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2477813C1 (en) |
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EP3282124A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2018-02-14 | Putzmeister Engineering GmbH | Viscous material pump |
EP3497329B1 (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2020-04-01 | Putzmeister Engineering GmbH | Valve for viscous materials |
DE102018126374A1 (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2020-04-23 | Schwing Gmbh | Continuously pumping piston pump |
DE102018132270A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | Schwing Gmbh | Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump |
DE102018132309A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | Schwing Gmbh | Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump |
WO2020120234A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | Schwing Gmbh | Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump |
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2010
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- 2010-01-14 US US13/144,791 patent/US9046086B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-14 JP JP2011545679A patent/JP2012515294A/en active Pending
- 2010-01-14 CA CA2749386A patent/CA2749386A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-01-14 RU RU2011134273/06A patent/RU2477813C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-14 ES ES10704309T patent/ES2414866T3/en active Active
- 2010-01-14 WO PCT/EP2010/000161 patent/WO2010081695A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-01-14 EP EP10704309A patent/EP2387667B1/en active Active
- 2010-01-14 PL PL10704309T patent/PL2387667T3/en unknown
- 2010-01-14 KR KR1020117018832A patent/KR20110123243A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-14 CN CN2010800044885A patent/CN102282370A/en active Pending
-
2011
- 2011-06-09 ZA ZA2011/04288A patent/ZA201104288B/en unknown
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2015
- 2015-02-19 US US14/626,480 patent/US20160040659A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (7)
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EP3282124A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2018-02-14 | Putzmeister Engineering GmbH | Viscous material pump |
EP3497329B1 (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2020-04-01 | Putzmeister Engineering GmbH | Valve for viscous materials |
DE102018126374A1 (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2020-04-23 | Schwing Gmbh | Continuously pumping piston pump |
DE102018132270A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | Schwing Gmbh | Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump |
DE102018132309A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | Schwing Gmbh | Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump |
WO2020120234A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | Schwing Gmbh | Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump |
US11891987B2 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2024-02-06 | Schwing Gmbh | Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2477813C1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
ZA201104288B (en) | 2012-02-29 |
EP2387667A1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
KR20110123243A (en) | 2011-11-14 |
CA2749386A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
WO2010081695A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
US20110274572A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
US20160040659A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
CN102282370A (en) | 2011-12-14 |
JP2012515294A (en) | 2012-07-05 |
MX2011007516A (en) | 2011-09-09 |
ES2414866T3 (en) | 2013-07-23 |
PL2387667T3 (en) | 2013-08-30 |
DE102009005318B3 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
US9046086B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 |
RU2011134273A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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