EP0485862B1 - Slurry pump having a pair of alternatively sucking and delivering cylinders - Google Patents
Slurry pump having a pair of alternatively sucking and delivering cylinders Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0485862B1 EP0485862B1 EP19910118826 EP91118826A EP0485862B1 EP 0485862 B1 EP0485862 B1 EP 0485862B1 EP 19910118826 EP19910118826 EP 19910118826 EP 91118826 A EP91118826 A EP 91118826A EP 0485862 B1 EP0485862 B1 EP 0485862B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slide
- cylinder
- branch
- valve housing
- central channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
- F04B7/0019—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving a common distribution member forming a single discharge distributor for a plurality of pumping chambers
- F04B7/0026—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving a common distribution member forming a single discharge distributor for a plurality of pumping chambers and having an oscillating movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
- F04B7/0084—Component parts or details specially adapted therefor
- F04B7/0088—Sealing arrangements between the distribution members and the housing
- F04B7/0092—Sealing arrangements between the distribution members and the housing for oscillating distribution members
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thick matter pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the thick matter to be conveyed by the pump according to the invention can have different material compositions, the thick matter conveyed in each case generally representing a mixture of different substances.
- they are mushy masses with a more or less large water content, e.g. sewage sludge, mortar or the like
- the invention relates to concrete pumps with which the liquid mixture consisting essentially of sand, cement, aggregates and water has to be pumped over mostly considerable distances and differences in height.
- the thick matter pump according to the invention works with delivery cylinders, the reciprocating pistons of which, when returning, fill the cylinder with the thick matter mostly sucked in from a prefilling container through the slider housing and press it into the delivery line through the slide into a delivery line fixed to the frame.
- two delivery cylinders always work together in such a way that one delivery cylinder is filled and the other delivery cylinder is emptied into the delivery line, so that the suction and pressure strokes of both pistons overlap.
- the invention can therefore be applied to more than just a pair of feed cylinders can be used if a closer coverage of the delivery strokes is desired.
- the delivery and intake flows are controlled by the slide, which has a branch channel for each delivery cylinder, which connects the cylinder to a central channel leading into the delivery line during the delivery stroke, but at the same time releases the opening of the cylinder with the intake piston, into which the sucked-in thick matter flows past the slide.
- additional branch channels must generally be arranged for the respective additional delivery cylinders. The invention is described in more detail below with reference to its preferred embodiment, which is designed as a two-cylinder thick matter pump.
- the openings of the branch channels of the slide communicating with the respective cylinders must seal on the wall of a slide valve housing, so that on the one hand, when the thick matter is sucked in, an overflow of the thick matter flow under the pressure of the conveying piston must be completely or partially is avoided in the suction cylinder and, on the other hand, cannot flow back into the prefilling container when the thick matter is conveyed.
- thick matter pumps which are generally required to have a simple construction and, in particular, are not exposed to excessive malfunctions due to wear or failure of functionally necessary assemblies, despite their intricate mode of operation and their demands on the conveying operation, particularly over longer conveying paths and conveying heights ensure that the thick matter is conveyed as continuously as possible.
- the invention is based on this problem.
- a thick matter pump of the type described above (DE-OS 27 21 678), which has a slide in the form of a V-shaped downpipe, in which the branch channels form the prongs of a fork and the longitudinal axis of the central tube is the geometric axis which swivels the slide during operation of the pump.
- the pipe fork results from the distance between the parallel arranged or aligned feed cylinders in the embodiment as a two-cylinder thick matter pump.
- the downpipe design of the slider is also suitable for four-cylinder high-density pumps, in which case the delivery cylinder pairs must be aligned and convey two delivery cylinders at the same time.
- the free ends of the two channels are curved, with an opening on each of the two control sealing surfaces sealing in the embodiment as a two-cylinder high-density pump, while the other establishes the connection with the delivery cylinder.
- the control sealing surfaces are therefore flat and therefore attached to the bottom of a prefill container.
- the object of the invention is to avoid such disadvantages and, moreover, to achieve effects which have a favorable effect on the problem mentioned at the outset.
- the alignment of the branch channels ensures that their openings are practical when they are projected perpendicularly onto one another cover up. This has the effect that the majority of the reaction forces cancel each other out. All that remains is a reaction force that results from the lack of overlap on a partial area. This can occur if the cylinder openings are to move closer together, which is cheap because of the space required, but only insignificantly interferes with the compensation of the reaction forces.
- the alignment of the branch channels results in a central symmetry of the slide in the longitudinal plane of the central channel as a result of the same length of both partial channels, which enables the cylindrical shape of the control sealing surfaces when the slide movement is pivoting.
- the branch ducts can then be designed with straight ends, which is favorable from the point of view of flow and also leads to a simplification of the seal, because the gap between the opening of the branch duct and the control sealing surface assigned to it or in the opening does not change during the pivoting movement.
- the invention has the significant advantage that it enables a previously unattainable lightweight design by eliminating the heavy mounting of the slide and its drive shaft in the housing, as well as a reliable and less fault-prone sealing of the slide in the slide housing.
- Thick matter pumps according to the invention can therefore i.a. Delivered cheaply in a small version and can also be used at small construction sites with considerable profits for the rationalization of thick matter production.
- the branch channels are exactly aligned and therefore the Slider designed free of reaction forces. This results in the exact T-shape of the channels in the slide.
- the cylindrical shape of the control sealing surfaces is extended to the shape of the entire valve housing. This results in a centrally symmetrical housing shape that is favorable in terms of production technology. This has another significant advantage in operation. While in the known slides, which have the tube shape provided in this embodiment of the invention, a rear wave forms behind each branch tube in the course of the pivoting movements due to the toughness of the thick material, this is not the case in the embodiment described in claim 3, because the free Housing space in front of and behind each branch pipe remains the same and therefore corresponds exactly to the amount of thick matter displaced by the leading branch pipe. The result of this is that there is no rear wave in the valve housing and therefore no depression in the thick material. Such depressions have to be reversed by the delivery piston in the delivery cylinder before the delivery flow begins. This leads to uneven funding and is therefore unfavorable. This disadvantage is avoided in the invention.
- the invention with the features of claim 4 can also be carried out in such a way that no quantities of thick matter need to be displaced in the valve housing. Then the slide receives a fully cylindrical shape, which can be realized without excessive weight increase of the slide due to the effects of the inventions.
- the thick matter pump generally designated (1) is designed as a two-cylinder piston pump. They result in two parallel, alternately conveying and sucking conveying cylinders (2, 3).
- the pistons of the delivery cylinders (2, 3), not shown, are moved in counter-clockwise motion via their piston rods by pistons (likewise not visible) in hydraulic drive cylinders (4, 5).
- a slide (6) (Fig. 1) leads in the operation of the pump (1) swiveling movements and each has a branch channel and a central channel (9). The pivoting movement takes place around the geometric axis of the central channel (9) with the aid of a shaft (10) which lies in an axial-radial bearing (11) and penetrates the bottom (12) of the valve housing.
- one of the branch channels (7, 8) is alternating, in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 the branch channel (7) with one of the two elbows (14, 15), ie in the exemplary embodiment via the elbow ( 14) aligned with the cylinder (2), whereby the connection to the central channel (9) is established.
- the central channel is rotatably aligned with a central bowl coupling (16) with the end of the delivery line, not shown, which is designed as a bend (17).
- the second branch channel (8) of the slide is released with the release of the suction feed cylinder, i.e. sealed the opening of the manifold (15) on a control sealing surface (18).
- This is formed on the inner wall (19) together with a second control sealing surface (20) of a valve housing (21).
- sealing takes place by means of an axially movable tubular ring (22), which has a metal face (33) on the inner wall of the housing with its cylindrical face (20) of the housing, and the inner end of the tubular ring is on the outside of the branch channel (7 ) guided and sealed with a gasket (24) enclosed on practically four sides except for an inner surface.
- the slurry to be conveyed flows to the slide housing (21) through a prefilling container (25) which has a cylindrical attachment (26) and a conical one Has funnel (27), the retracted end of which is aligned with the upper end of the cylindrical slide valve housing (27).
- the housing in turn has two openings (28 and 29).
- the respective opening (28 or 29) opened by one or the other branch channel (7, 8) allows the thick matter contained in the prefilling container (25) to flow through the valve housing into the suction cylinder (3 or 2).
- the clear openings of the branch channels (7, 8), i.e. the pipe slide (22) are the same among themselves.
- the branch channels (7, 8) have the same length.
- branch channels (7, 8) are exactly aligned in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. They each enclose an exact right angle with the central channel, so that there is a T-shape in which the straight cross-section is formed by the two branch channels (7, 8) and the cross-section with the one enclosing the central channel, in the plane of Transverse strand lying and with this right angle enclosing longitudinal strand (30) is composed of the T-shape.
- the pipe surfaces (31 and 32) of the branch channels (7, 8) at (33) converge, which is on the Central axis of the longitudinal strand takes place.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 5 differs from this by a transverse strand (34) running from the plane of the T-shape of the slide to one side at an acute angle, which leads to the housing openings (28 and 29) moving closer together and this means that the parallel feed cylinders (2, 3) are at a smaller distance from each other.
- the slide has the shape of a solid cylinder (35) in which the transverse channels (7, 8) as well as at least the part of the central channel (9) adjoining the transverse strand are recessed.
- This solid cylinder is guided in the cylindrical housing (21) with rotational play. Push it through, as can be seen in Fig. 6, centrally the recesses for the channels (7-9). He also has an edge recess (36) as a suction path along the cylinder wall (21), which is indicated by an arrow (37) and ensures that the suction cylinder can be filled with thick matter from the prefilling container (25).
- the slide housing (21) is designed as a hollow cylinder, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the central channel (9) and the cylinder wall (21) of which the openings (28, 29) described for the delivery cylinders (2, 3) into the control sealing surfaces ( 18, 20) of the branch channels (7, 8), an upper opening of the hollow cylinder, which is shown at (39) in FIG. 3, being aligned with the lower opening of the prefilling container (21). The opening opposite it is closed except for the shaft passage.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dickstoffpumpe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a thick matter pump according to the preamble of
Die von der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe zu fördernden Dickstoffe können unterschiedliche stoffliche Zusammensetzungen aufweisen, wobei in der Regel der jeweils geförderte Dickstoff seinerseits ein Gemisch aus verschiedenen Stoffen darstellt. Im allgemeinen handelt es sich um breiige Massen mit einem mehr oder weniger großen Wasseranteil, z.B. um Klärschlämme, Mörtel o.dgl. Insbesondere bezieht sich die Erfindung auf Betonpumpen, mit denen das im wesentlichen aus Sand, Zement, Zuschlägen und Wasser bestehende flüssige Gemisch über meistens erhebliche Entfernungen und Höhenunterschiede gepumpt werden muß.The thick matter to be conveyed by the pump according to the invention can have different material compositions, the thick matter conveyed in each case generally representing a mixture of different substances. In general, they are mushy masses with a more or less large water content, e.g. sewage sludge, mortar or the like In particular, the invention relates to concrete pumps with which the liquid mixture consisting essentially of sand, cement, aggregates and water has to be pumped over mostly considerable distances and differences in height.
Die erfindungsgemäße Dickstoffpumpe arbeitet mit Förderzylindern, deren hin- und hergehende Kolben beim Rücklauf mit dem meistens aus einem Vorfüllbehälter durch das Schiebergehäuse angesaugten Dickstoff den Zylinder füllen und beim Vorlauf in die Förderleitung durch den Schieber in eine gestellfeste Förderleitung drücken. Gemäß der Erfindung arbeiten stets zwei Förderzylinder in der Weise zusammen, daß der eine Förderzylinder gefüllt und der andere Förderzylinder in die Förderleitung entleert wird, so daß sich die Saug- und Druckhübe beider Kolben überdecken. Die Erfindung kann deswegen auch auf mehr als nur ein Paar von Förderzylindern angewandt werden, wenn eine zeitlich engere Überdeckung der Förderhübe gewünscht wird.The thick matter pump according to the invention works with delivery cylinders, the reciprocating pistons of which, when returning, fill the cylinder with the thick matter mostly sucked in from a prefilling container through the slider housing and press it into the delivery line through the slide into a delivery line fixed to the frame. According to the invention, two delivery cylinders always work together in such a way that one delivery cylinder is filled and the other delivery cylinder is emptied into the delivery line, so that the suction and pressure strokes of both pistons overlap. The invention can therefore be applied to more than just a pair of feed cylinders can be used if a closer coverage of the delivery strokes is desired.
Die Steuerung der Förder- und Ansaugströme erfolgt durch den Schieber, der für jeden Förderzylinder je einen Zweigkanal aufweist, der beim Förderhub den Zylinder mit einem in die Förderleitung führenden Zentralkanal kommunizierend verbindet, der Schieber aber gleichzeitg die Öffnung des Zylinders mit dem ansaugenden Kolben freigibt, in die am Schieber vorbei der angesaugte Dickstoff einströmt. Wenn die Dickstoffpumpe mehr als nur ein Paar von Förderzylindern aufweist, müssen in der Regel für die jeweiligen zusätzlichen Förderzylinder weitere Zweigkanäle angeordnet sein. Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand ihrer vorzugsweisen Ausführungsform näher beschrieben, die als Zweizylinderdickstoffpumpe ausgebildet ist.The delivery and intake flows are controlled by the slide, which has a branch channel for each delivery cylinder, which connects the cylinder to a central channel leading into the delivery line during the delivery stroke, but at the same time releases the opening of the cylinder with the intake piston, into which the sucked-in thick matter flows past the slide. If the thick matter pump has more than just a pair of delivery cylinders, additional branch channels must generally be arranged for the respective additional delivery cylinders. The invention is described in more detail below with reference to its preferred embodiment, which is designed as a two-cylinder thick matter pump.
Vorauszuschicken ist jedoch, daß bei allen Ausführungsarten der erfindungsgemäßen Dickstoffpumpe die mit den jeweiligen Zylindern kommunizierenden Öffnungen der Zweigkanäle des Schiebers auf der Wand eines Schiebergehäuses abdichten müssen, damit einerseits beim Ansaugen des Dickstoffes ein Übertritt des unter dem Druck des fördernden Kolbens stehenden Dickstoffstromes ganz oder teilweise in den ansaugenden Zylinder vermieden wird und damit andererseits beim Fördern der Dickstoff nicht in den Vorfüllbehälter zurückfließen kann. Daher muß eine bestimmte Folge der Schieberbewegungen mit den Kolbenbewegungen in den Zylindern synchronisiert werden, was ebensowenig Inhalt der Erfindung ist wie die bei manchen Dickstoffpumpen dieser Art gegebene Möglichkeit, durch Umkehrung der Folge den Dickstoff aus der Förderleitung in das mit dem Vorfüllbehälter verbindene Schiebergehäuse zu entleeren.It should be noted, however, that in all embodiments of the thick matter pump according to the invention, the openings of the branch channels of the slide communicating with the respective cylinders must seal on the wall of a slide valve housing, so that on the one hand, when the thick matter is sucked in, an overflow of the thick matter flow under the pressure of the conveying piston must be completely or partially is avoided in the suction cylinder and, on the other hand, cannot flow back into the prefilling container when the thick matter is conveyed. Therefore, a certain sequence of the slide movements must be synchronized with the piston movements in the cylinders, which is just as little content of the invention as the possibility given with some thick matter pumps of this type to empty the thick matter from the delivery line into the slide housing connected to the prefilling container by reversing the sequence .
Die vorstehend beschriebenen, allgemeinen Merkmale kennzeichnen Dickstoffpumpen, von denen man im allgemeinen verlangt, daß sie bei einfachem Aufbau trotz ihrer verwickelten Arbeitsweise und ihren Beanspruchungen beim Förderbetrieb, insbesondere über längere Förderwege und Förderhöhen keinen übermäßigen Störungen durch Verschleiß oder Versagen funktionsnotwendiger Baugruppen ausgesetzt sind und insbesondere eine möglichst kontinuierliche Dickstofförderung gewährleisten. Der Erfindung liegt dieses Problem zugrunde.The general features described above characterize thick matter pumps, which are generally required to have a simple construction and, in particular, are not exposed to excessive malfunctions due to wear or failure of functionally necessary assemblies, despite their intricate mode of operation and their demands on the conveying operation, particularly over longer conveying paths and conveying heights ensure that the thick matter is conveyed as continuously as possible. The invention is based on this problem.
Es ist eine Dickstoffpumpe der eingangs beschriebenen Art bekannt (DE-OS 27 21 678), welche einen Schieber in Form eines V-förmigen Hosenrohres aufweist, in dem die Zweigkanäle die Zinken einer Gabel bilden und die Längsachse des Zentralrohres die geometrische Achse ist, um die im Betrieb der Pumpe der Schieber schwenkt. Hierbei ergibt sich die Rohrgabel aus dem Abstand der parallel angeordneten oder ausgefluchteten Förderzylinder in der Ausführungsform als Zweizylinderdickstoffpumpe. Die Hosenrohrausbildung des Schiebers ist auch für Vierzylinderdickstoffpumpen geeignet, wobei dann die Förderzylinderpaare ausgefluchtet sein müssen und jeweils zwei Förderzylinder gleichzeitig fördern. Unabhängig von der Anzahl der Förderzylinder sind die freien Ende der Zweikanäle gekrümmt, wobei in der Ausbildung als Zweizylinderdickstoffpumpe jeweils eine Öffnung auf einer der beiden Steuerdichtflächen abdichtet, während die andere die Verbindung mit dem fördernden Zylinder herstellt. Die Steuerdichtflächen sind deshalb eben und daher auf dem Boden eines Vorfüllbehälters angebracht.There is a thick matter pump of the type described above (DE-OS 27 21 678), which has a slide in the form of a V-shaped downpipe, in which the branch channels form the prongs of a fork and the longitudinal axis of the central tube is the geometric axis which swivels the slide during operation of the pump. Here, the pipe fork results from the distance between the parallel arranged or aligned feed cylinders in the embodiment as a two-cylinder thick matter pump. The downpipe design of the slider is also suitable for four-cylinder high-density pumps, in which case the delivery cylinder pairs must be aligned and convey two delivery cylinders at the same time. Regardless of the number of delivery cylinders, the free ends of the two channels are curved, with an opening on each of the two control sealing surfaces sealing in the embodiment as a two-cylinder high-density pump, while the other establishes the connection with the delivery cylinder. The control sealing surfaces are therefore flat and therefore attached to the bottom of a prefill container.
Die Beanspruchungen des Schiebers im Förderbetrieb sind unverhältnismäßig groß und wachsen mit zunehmender Förderlänge und -höhe weiter an. Das beruht auf den Reaktionskräften, die sich in dem Schieber während der Förderung des Dickstoffes einstellen. Bei jedem Hub eines fördernden Kolbens sind die beiden Öffnungen der Zweigkanäle mit dem Förderdruck beaufschlagt. Aus dem Förderdruck und den Flächen der lichten Querschnitte der Zweigkanäle ergeben sich in beiden Zweigkanälen Reaktionskräfte, welche den Schieber von der Steuerdichtfläche und der Öffnung des Förderzylinders abheben. Zwar werden diese Kräfte zum Teil durch eine Kraft kompensiert, welche sich aus der lichten Querschnittsfläche des Zentralkanales und dem Förderleitungsdruck ergibt. Es ist die Kraft, die bei der Förderung überwunden werden muß. Dadurch verbleibt eine erhebliche Restkraft, die einen Spalt an den Öffnungen der Zweigkanäle erzeugt, der nicht toleriert werden kann, um die oben erläuterten Kurzschlüsse der Förderströme zu vermeiden. Das setzt unverhältnismäßig schwere Lager des schwenkenden Schiebers und der Welle voraus, die den Schieber antreibt. Gleichwohl kann ein vorzeitiger Verschleiß dieser wesentlichen Baugruppen nicht ausgeschlossen werden.The loads on the slide in the conveyor operation are disproportionately high and grow with increasing Conveyor length and height continue to increase. This is due to the reaction forces that arise in the slide during the conveyance of the thick matter. With each stroke of a conveying piston, the two openings of the branch channels are acted upon by the conveying pressure. In both branch channels, reaction forces result from the delivery pressure and the areas of the clear cross sections of the branch channels, which lift the slide from the control sealing surface and the opening of the delivery cylinder. These forces are partly compensated by a force that results from the clear cross-sectional area of the central channel and the delivery line pressure. It is the force that must be overcome in the promotion. This leaves a considerable residual force, which creates a gap at the openings of the branch channels, which gap cannot be tolerated in order to avoid the short-circuits of the flow rates explained above. This requires disproportionately heavy bearings of the pivoting slide and the shaft that drives the slide. Nevertheless, premature wear of these essential assemblies cannot be excluded.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, solche Nachteile zu vermeiden und darüberhinaus Wirkungen zu erzielen, die sich auf das eingangs genannte Problem günstig auswirken.The object of the invention is to avoid such disadvantages and, moreover, to achieve effects which have a favorable effect on the problem mentioned at the outset.
Diese Aufgabe löst die Erfindung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1. Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The invention solves this problem with the features of
Gemäß der Erfindung, wie sie im Ansprch 1 beschrieben ist, wird durch die Ausfluchtung der Zweigkanäle erreicht, daß sich deren Öffnungen bei ihrer senkrechten Projektion aufeinander praktisch überdecken. Das wirkt sich so aus, daß sich der überwiegende Teil der Reaktionskräfte gegenseitig aufhebt. Übrig bleibt nur eine Reaktionskraft, die sich aus der fehlenden Überdeckung auf einer Teilfläche ergibt. Dies kann sich dann einstellen, wenn die Zylinderöffnungen näher zusammenrücken sollen, was wegen des Platzbedarfes günstig ist, aber die Kompensation der Reaktionskräfte nur unbedeutend stört.According to the invention, as described in
Durch die Ausfluchtung der Zweigkanäle ergibt sich infolge der gleichen Länge beider Teilkanäle eine Zentralsymmetrie des Schiebers in der Längsebene des Zentralkanals, welche bei der schwenkenden Schieberbewegung die Zylinderform der Steuerdichtflächen ermöglicht. Dann lassen sich die Zweigkanäle mit geraden Enden ausführen, was strömungstechnisch günstig ist und außerdem zu einer Vereinfachung der Abdichtung führt, weil der Spalt zwischen der Öffnung des Zweigkanals und der dieser zugeordneten Steuerdichtfläche bzw. in der Öffnung sich während der Schwenkbewegung nicht verändert.The alignment of the branch channels results in a central symmetry of the slide in the longitudinal plane of the central channel as a result of the same length of both partial channels, which enables the cylindrical shape of the control sealing surfaces when the slide movement is pivoting. The branch ducts can then be designed with straight ends, which is favorable from the point of view of flow and also leads to a simplification of the seal, because the gap between the opening of the branch duct and the control sealing surface assigned to it or in the opening does not change during the pivoting movement.
Die Erfindung hat den wesentlichen Vorteil, daß sie eine bislang nicht erreichbare leichte Bauweise durch den Wegfall der schweren Lagerung des Schiebers und seiner Antriebswelle im Gehäuse, sowie eine zuverlässige und wenig störanfällige Abdichtung des Schiebers im Schiebergehäuse ermöglicht. Erfindungsgemäße Dickstoffpumpen können daher u.a. in kleiner Ausführung billig geliefert und auch an Kleinbaustellen mit erheblichem Gewinn für die Rationalisierung der Dickstofförderung eingesetzt werden.The invention has the significant advantage that it enables a previously unattainable lightweight design by eliminating the heavy mounting of the slide and its drive shaft in the housing, as well as a reliable and less fault-prone sealing of the slide in the slide housing. Thick matter pumps according to the invention can therefore i.a. Delivered cheaply in a small version and can also be used at small construction sites with considerable profits for the rationalization of thick matter production.
Nach bevorzugter Ausführung der Erfindung, die im Anspruch 2 wiedergegeben ist, werden die Zweigkanäle exakt ausgefluchtet und daher der Schieber reaktionskräftefrei gestaltet. Daraus ergibt sich die exakte T-Form der Kanäle in dem Schieber.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is reproduced in
Mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 3 wird die Zylinderform der Steuerdichtflächen auf die Form des ganzen Schiebergehäuses ausgedehnt. Dadurch ergibt sich eine fertigungstechnisch günstige, zentralsymmetrische Gehäuseform. Diese hat im Betrieb einen weiteren bedeutenden Vorteil. Während sich bei den bekannten Schiebern, welche die bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehene Rohrform aufweisen, im Zuge der Schwenkbewegungen infolge der Zähigkeit des Dickstoffes hinter jedem Zweigrohr eine Heckwelle bildet, ist das bei der im Anspruch 3 beschriebenen Ausführungsart nicht der Fall, weil der freie Gehäuseraum vor und hinter jedem Zweigrohr gleich bleibt und daher der von dem vorlaufenden Zweigrohr verdrängten Dickstoffmenge genau entspricht. Das führt im Ergebnis dazu, daß sich im Schiebergehäuse keine Heckwelle ausbildet und daher auch keine Depression im Dickstoff. Solche Depressionen müssen nämlich im Förderzylinder von dem Förderkolben zunächst rückgängig gemacht werden, bevor der Förderstrom einsetzt. Das führt dann zu ungleichmäßiger Förderung und ist daher ungünstig. Bei der Erfindung wird dieser Nachteil vermieden.With the features of
Andererseits läßt sich die Erfindung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 4 auch so ausführen, daß im Schiebergehäuse keine Dickstoffmengen verdrängt zu werden brauchen. Dann erhält der Schieber eine vollzylindrische Form, die wegen der Wirkungen der Erfindungen ohne unverhältnismäßige Gewichtszunahme des Schiebers verwirklicht werden kann.On the other hand, the invention with the features of claim 4 can also be carried out in such a way that no quantities of thick matter need to be displaced in the valve housing. Then the slide receives a fully cylindrical shape, which can be realized without excessive weight increase of the slide due to the effects of the inventions.
Die Einzelheiten, weiteren Merkmale und andere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung mehrerer Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand der Figuren in der Zeichnung; es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- im senkrechten Schnitt eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung unter Weglassung aller für das Verständnis der Erfindung nicht erforderlichen Einzelheiten,
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf den Gegenstand der Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3
- eine Seitenansicht einer Dickstoffpumpe gemäß der Erfindung und gemäß der in den Fig. 1 und 2 wiedergegebenen Ausführungsform,
- Fig. 4
- eine Draufsicht auf den Gegenstand der Fig. 3,
- Fig. 5
- schematisch und im wesentlichen in der Fig. 2 entsprechender Darstellung eine abgeänderte Ausführungsform der Erfindung und
- Fig. 6
- in der Fig. 5 entsprechender Darstellung eine weiter abgeänderte Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
- Fig. 1
- in vertical section a first embodiment of the invention, omitting all details not necessary for understanding the invention,
- Fig. 2
- 2 shows a top view of the object of FIG. 1,
- Fig. 3
- 2 shows a side view of a thick matter pump according to the invention and according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
- Fig. 4
- 3 shows a plan view of the subject of FIG. 3,
- Fig. 5
- schematically and essentially in the representation corresponding to FIG. 2, a modified embodiment of the invention and
- Fig. 6
- 5 shows a further modified embodiment of the invention.
Gemäß der Darstellung in den Fig. 3 und 4 ist die allgemein mit (1) bezeichnete Dickstoffpumpe als Zweizylinderkolbenpumpe ausgeführt. Sie ergeben entsprechend zwei parallel angeordnete, abwechselnd fördernde und ansaugende Förderzylinder (2, 3). Die nicht dargestellten Kolben der Förderzylinder (2, 3) werden über ihre Kolbenstangen von ebenfalls nicht sichtbaren Kolben in hydraulischen Antriebszylindern (4, 5) im Gegentakt bewegt. Ein Schieber (6) (Fig. 1) führt im Betrieb der Pumpe (1) schwenkende Bewegungen aus und hat je einen Zweigkanal, sowie einen Zentralkanal (9). Die Schwenkbewegung erfolgt um die geometrische Achse des Zentralkanals (9) mit Hilfe einer Welle (10), die in einer Axial-Radiallager (11) liegt und den Boden (12) des Schiebergehäuses durchdringt. In den Endstellungen der Schwenkbewegung des Schiebers (6) ist abwechselnd einer der Zweigkanäle (7, 8), im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 der Zweigkanal (7) mit einem der beiden Krümmer (14, 15), d.h. im Ausführungsbeispiel über den Krümmer (14) mit dem Zylinder (2) ausgefluchtet, wodurch die Verbindung zum Zentralkanal (9) hergestellt ist. Der Zentralkanal ist mit einer Zentrischalenkupplung (16) drehbar mit dem als Krümmer (17) ausgeführten Ende der im übrigen nicht dargestellten Förderleitung ausgefluchtet.3 and 4, the thick matter pump generally designated (1) is designed as a two-cylinder piston pump. They result in two parallel, alternately conveying and sucking conveying cylinders (2, 3). The pistons of the delivery cylinders (2, 3), not shown, are moved in counter-clockwise motion via their piston rods by pistons (likewise not visible) in hydraulic drive cylinders (4, 5). A slide (6) (Fig. 1) leads in the operation of the pump (1) swiveling movements and each has a branch channel and a central channel (9). The pivoting movement takes place around the geometric axis of the central channel (9) with the aid of a shaft (10) which lies in an axial-radial bearing (11) and penetrates the bottom (12) of the valve housing. In the end positions of the pivoting movement of the slide (6), one of the branch channels (7, 8) is alternating, in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 the branch channel (7) with one of the two elbows (14, 15), ie in the exemplary embodiment via the elbow ( 14) aligned with the cylinder (2), whereby the connection to the central channel (9) is established. The central channel is rotatably aligned with a central bowl coupling (16) with the end of the delivery line, not shown, which is designed as a bend (17).
Bei dieser Stellung des Schiebers (6) ist gleichzeitig der zweite Zweigkanal (8) des Schiebers unter Freigabe des ansaugenden Förderzylinders, d.h. der Öffnung des Krümmers (15) auf einer Steuerdichtfläche (18) abgedichtet. Diese ist auf der Innenwand (19) zusammen mit einer zweiten Steuerdichtfläche (20) eines Schiebergehäuses (21) ausgebildet. Die Abdichtung erfolgt im Ausführungsbeispiel durch einen axial beweglichen Rohrring (22), der metallisch mit seiner nach der Zylinderfläche (20) des Gehäuses gekrümmten Stirnseite (33) auf der Innenwand des Gehäuses und das innere Ende des Rohrringes ist auf der Außenseite des Zweigkanales (7) geführt und mit einer an praktisch vier Seiten bis auf eine innen weisende Teilfläche eingeschlossenen Dichtung (24) abgedichtet.With this position of the slide (6), the second branch channel (8) of the slide is released with the release of the suction feed cylinder, i.e. sealed the opening of the manifold (15) on a control sealing surface (18). This is formed on the inner wall (19) together with a second control sealing surface (20) of a valve housing (21). In the exemplary embodiment, sealing takes place by means of an axially movable tubular ring (22), which has a metal face (33) on the inner wall of the housing with its cylindrical face (20) of the housing, and the inner end of the tubular ring is on the outside of the branch channel (7 ) guided and sealed with a gasket (24) enclosed on practically four sides except for an inner surface.
Dem Schiebergehäuse (21) fließt der zu fördernde Dickstoff durch einen Vorfüllbehälter (25) zu, der einen zylindrischen Aufsatz (26) und einen konischen Trichter (27) aufweist, dessen eingezogenes Ende mit dem oberen Ende des zylindrischen Schiebergehäuses (27) ausgefluchtet ist.The slurry to be conveyed flows to the slide housing (21) through a prefilling container (25) which has a cylindrical attachment (26) and a conical one Has funnel (27), the retracted end of which is aligned with the upper end of the cylindrical slide valve housing (27).
Entsprechend der geschilderten Wirkungsweise der dargestellten Dickstoffpumpe weist das Gehäuse seinerseits zwei Öffnungen (28 und 29) auf. Die jeweils von dem einen oder anderen Zweigkanal (7, 8) freigegebene Öffnung (28 oder 29) erlaubt den Fluß des im Vorfüllbehälter (25) enthaltenen Dickstoffes durch das Schiebergehäuse in den ansaugenden Zylinder (3 bzw. 2). Die lichten Öffnungen der Zweigkanäle (7, 8), d.h. der Rohrschieber (22) sind unter sich gleich. Ferner haben die Zweigkanäle (7, 8) gleiche Längen.In accordance with the described mode of operation of the thick matter pump shown, the housing in turn has two openings (28 and 29). The respective opening (28 or 29) opened by one or the other branch channel (7, 8) allows the thick matter contained in the prefilling container (25) to flow through the valve housing into the suction cylinder (3 or 2). The clear openings of the branch channels (7, 8), i.e. the pipe slide (22) are the same among themselves. Furthermore, the branch channels (7, 8) have the same length.
Diese Zweigkanäle (7, 8) sind in dem in den Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel exakt ausgefluchtet. Sie schließen mit dem Zentralkanal jeweils einen exakten rechten Winkel ein, so daß sich eine T-Form ergibt, bei der der gerade Querstrang von den beiden Zweigkanälen (7, 8) gebildet wird und der Querstrang mit dem den Zentralkanal umschließenden, in der Ebene des Querstranges liegende und mit diesem einen rechten Winkel einschließende Längsstrang (30) zu der T-Form zusammengesetzt ist. Um eine strömungsgünstige Form der ineinander übergehenden Kanäle (7-9) zu erreichen, ist im Inneren des T-Schiebers vorgesehen, die Rohrflächen (31 und 32) der Zweigkanäle (7, 8) bei (33) konvergieren zu lassen, was auf der Zentralachse des Längsstranges erfolgt.These branch channels (7, 8) are exactly aligned in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. They each enclose an exact right angle with the central channel, so that there is a T-shape in which the straight cross-section is formed by the two branch channels (7, 8) and the cross-section with the one enclosing the central channel, in the plane of Transverse strand lying and with this right angle enclosing longitudinal strand (30) is composed of the T-shape. In order to achieve a streamlined shape of the merging channels (7-9), it is provided inside the T-slide that the pipe surfaces (31 and 32) of the branch channels (7, 8) at (33) converge, which is on the Central axis of the longitudinal strand takes place.
Davon unterscheidet sich die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 5 durch einen aus der Ebene der T-Form des Schiebers nach einer Seite spitzwinklig verlaufenden Querstrang (34), was dazu führt, daß die Gehäuseöffnungen (28 und 29) näher zusammenrücken und dadurch die parallelen Förderzylinder (2, 3) einen geringeren Abstand voneinander aufweisen.The embodiment according to FIG. 5 differs from this by a transverse strand (34) running from the plane of the T-shape of the slide to one side at an acute angle, which leads to the housing openings (28 and 29) moving closer together and this means that the parallel feed cylinders (2, 3) are at a smaller distance from each other.
Während sich in den Ausführungsformen nach den Fig. 1 bis 5 eine Rohrschieberform ergibt, ist das bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 6 nicht der Fall. Hierbei hat der Schieber die Form eines Vollzylinders (35), in dem die Querkanäle (7, 8) ebenso wie wenigstens der an den Querstrang anschließende Teil des Zentralkanales (9) ausgespart sind. Dieser Vollzylinder ist mit Drehspiel in dem zylindrischen Gehäuse (21) geführt. Ihn durchsetzen, wie aus Fig. 6 ersichtlich, zentral die Aussparungen für die Kanäle (7-9). Außerdem hat er eine Randaussparung (36) als Ansaugweg längs der Zylinderwand (21), der durch einen Pfeil (37) gekennzeichnet ist und dafür sorgt, daß der ansaugende Zylinder mit Dickstoff aus dem Vorfüllbehälter (25) gefüllt werden kann.1 to 5 results in a tubular slide valve shape, this is not the case in the embodiment according to FIG. 6. The slide has the shape of a solid cylinder (35) in which the transverse channels (7, 8) as well as at least the part of the central channel (9) adjoining the transverse strand are recessed. This solid cylinder is guided in the cylindrical housing (21) with rotational play. Push it through, as can be seen in Fig. 6, centrally the recesses for the channels (7-9). He also has an edge recess (36) as a suction path along the cylinder wall (21), which is indicated by an arrow (37) and ensures that the suction cylinder can be filled with thick matter from the prefilling container (25).
In allen Ausführungsformen ist das Schiebergehäuse (21) als Hohlzylinder ausgebildet, dessen Achse mit der Achse des Zentralkanales (9) zusammenfällt und dessen Zylinderwand (21) die beschriebenen Öffnungen (28, 29) für die Förderzylinder (2, 3) in die Steuerdichtflächen (18, 20) der Zweigkanäle (7, 8) aufweist, wobei eine obere Öffnung des Hohlzylinders, die bei (39) in Fig. 3 wiedergegeben ist, mit der unteren Öffnung des Vorfüllbehälters (21) fluchtet. Die ihr gegenüberliegende Öffnung ist bis auf den Wellendurchlaß geschlossen.In all embodiments, the slide housing (21) is designed as a hollow cylinder, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the central channel (9) and the cylinder wall (21) of which the openings (28, 29) described for the delivery cylinders (2, 3) into the control sealing surfaces ( 18, 20) of the branch channels (7, 8), an upper opening of the hollow cylinder, which is shown at (39) in FIG. 3, being aligned with the lower opening of the prefilling container (21). The opening opposite it is closed except for the shaft passage.
Wie sich aus der Darstellung der Fig. 2 ergibt, sind infolge der beschriebenen Form beiderseits des Rohrschiebers gleiche Räume (40 und 41) ausgebildet. Die Schwenkbewegung des Schiebers verläuft über ca. 50 Winkelgrade (Fig. 4) nach jeder Seite. Hierbei ist das jeweils in den Räumen (40, 41) von dem vorlaufenden Zweigkanal verdrängte Material gleich dem Material, das von dem nachlaufenden Zweigkanal in den Räumen (40, 41) verdrängt wird. Infolgedessen findet keine Druckminderung in dem Dickstoff statt, der sich jeweils im Zylindergehäuse befindet.As can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 2, due to the shape described, the same spaces (40 and 41) are formed on both sides of the tube slide. The pivotal movement of the slide extends over approximately 50 angular degrees (FIG. 4) on each side. In this case, the material displaced in the rooms (40, 41) by the leading branch channel equal to the material that is displaced by the trailing branch duct in the rooms (40, 41). As a result, there is no pressure reduction in the thick matter, which is located in the cylinder housing.
Claims (4)
- A high viscosity pump (1) with paired delivery cylinders (2,3) alternately propelling and adsorbing and preferably positioned parallel to one another, together with a slide-valve (6) pivoting about the axis of a central channel (9) and thereby, with each pair of delivery cylinders alternately linking with a branch channel (7), connecting the respective propelling cylinder to a structurally fixed conveyor pipe (17) by means of the central channel (9) leading to this same pipe, whereas simultaneously a second branch channel (8) of the slide-valve, on the release of the adsorbing delivery cylinder, seals off in turn against a water-tight control surface (18,20) positioned to correspond with each branch channel and located on the inner side of a slide-valve housing (21) towards which the viscous solids flow and comprising an opening (28,29) for each of the delivery cylinders (2,3), whereby branch channels (7,8) of equal length exert equal pressures, characterised in that the branch channels (7,8) are essentially aligned and respectively form a right angle with the central channel (9), and that the water-tight control surfaces (18,20) of the slide-valve housing (21) are cylindrically curved.
- A high viscosity pump according to claim 1, characterised in that the branch channels (7,8) constitute a diagonal line which forms a T-shape with the central channel (9).
- A high viscosity pump according to one of the claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the slide-valve housing (21) comprises a hollow cylinder whose axis coincides with the axis of the central channel (9) and whose cylinder wall (19) contains the openings (28,29) for the delivery cylinders (2,3) and, on the inside, the water-tight control surfaces (18,20) for the branch channels (7,8), whereby an upper opening (39) of the hollow cylinder leads into a pre-fill container (25) whilst the opening on the opposite side of the slide-valve housing (21) is closed.
- A high viscosity pump according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the slide-valve (6) comprises a solid cylinder which rotates on the cylinder wall (19) of the slide-valve housing (21) and contains central recesses for the branch channels (7,8) and the central channel (9) as well as at least one edge recess (36) as an adsorption passage along the cylinder wall (19) of the slide-valve housing (21).
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4036623 | 1990-11-16 | ||
DE4036623 | 1990-11-16 | ||
DE4102682 | 1991-01-30 | ||
DE4102682A DE4102682C2 (en) | 1990-11-16 | 1991-01-30 | Thick matter pump with alternating conveying and suction feed cylinders |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0485862A1 EP0485862A1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
EP0485862B1 true EP0485862B1 (en) | 1993-08-04 |
Family
ID=25898569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19910118826 Expired - Lifetime EP0485862B1 (en) | 1990-11-16 | 1991-11-05 | Slurry pump having a pair of alternatively sucking and delivering cylinders |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0485862B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH04265478A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9104958A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2047368T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1813854A1 (en) * | 1968-12-11 | 1970-07-09 | Schwing Friedrich Wilh | Piston pump with hydraulic drive for pumping concrete |
DE1963875C3 (en) * | 1969-12-20 | 1975-10-23 | Friedrich Dipl.-Ing. 4680 Wanne-Eickel Schwing | Piston pump with hydraulic drive for pumping concrete |
GB1397778A (en) * | 1972-08-09 | 1975-06-18 | Winget Ltd | Slurry pumps |
GB1585073A (en) * | 1976-05-15 | 1981-02-25 | Ackermann R A | Pumping devices |
-
1991
- 1991-11-05 ES ES91118826T patent/ES2047368T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-05 EP EP19910118826 patent/EP0485862B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-08 JP JP29345491A patent/JPH04265478A/en active Pending
- 1991-11-14 BR BR9104958A patent/BR9104958A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9104958A (en) | 1992-06-23 |
ES2047368T3 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
JPH04265478A (en) | 1992-09-21 |
EP0485862A1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
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