EP0315750B1 - Pump for viscous material - Google Patents

Pump for viscous material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0315750B1
EP0315750B1 EP88114734A EP88114734A EP0315750B1 EP 0315750 B1 EP0315750 B1 EP 0315750B1 EP 88114734 A EP88114734 A EP 88114734A EP 88114734 A EP88114734 A EP 88114734A EP 0315750 B1 EP0315750 B1 EP 0315750B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
shut
material according
viscous material
conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88114734A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0315750A1 (en
Inventor
Hartmut Dr.-Ing. Benckert
Hellmut Hurr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Putzmeister Concrete Pumps GmbH
Original Assignee
Putzmeister Werk Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Filing date
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Publication of EP0315750A1 publication Critical patent/EP0315750A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/02—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous
    • F04B15/023—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous supply of fluid to the pump by gravity through a hopper, e.g. without intake valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
    • F04B7/0019—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving a common distribution member forming a single discharge distributor for a plurality of pumping chambers
    • F04B7/0034—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving a common distribution member forming a single discharge distributor for a plurality of pumping chambers and having an orbital movement, e.g. elbow-pipe type members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thick matter pump with at least two alternately operating delivery cylinders opening into front end openings in a material feed container, with a delivery cylinder arranged inside the material feed container, alternately connectable on the inlet side to the openings of the feed cylinder and releasing the other opening in each case and connectable on the outlet side to a delivery line , and with a shut-off device arranged behind the pipe switch in the conveying direction.
  • Pumps of this known type are used to convey concrete and other pulpy masses, such as, for example, water-spoiled material in tunnel structures or coal dust in water or heating oil in coal-fired systems.
  • the shut-off device in the pressure pipe enables working against high pressure without the risk of material backflow during the switching of the pipe switch as well as performing a compression stroke before the actual delivery stroke.
  • the S-shaped swivel tube comes into consideration as the pipe switch. Basically, however, the use of U-shaped swivel tubes (trunk turnouts), rock turnouts and downpipes is within the scope of the invention.
  • shut-off elements in the region of the delivery line, which can be designed, for example, as a seat valve, flat slide valve, flapper valve or check valve.
  • the first three Shut-off devices are positively controlled, while the check valve responds passively to the pressure in the delivery line when the pressure in the pipe switch drops. All these known shut-off devices have in common that they are arranged outside the material feed container. In the event of wear, these shut-off elements cause a leakage of the conveyed material, which leads to contamination of the surroundings of the shut-off element and the pump.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a slurry pump with shut-off device, which ensures a reliable shut-off of the flow without the risk of pollution of the environment.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the occurrence of leaks cannot be avoided on shut-off elements for conveyed goods made of abrasive thick matter with solid and liquid components, even with a large encapsulation effort, because of the inevitable signs of wear. Accordingly, it is proposed according to the invention to arrange the shut-off device in a housing which is connected or can be connected to the material feed container for the purpose of returning the material.
  • the housing is separated from the material feed container by a partition having a passage opening in its lower region and has an incline to it Passage opening on the bottom of the housing.
  • a positive conveyor preferably a screw conveyor
  • the housing designed as a retrofit unit has a connection stub that can be connected on the inlet side of the shut-off device to the outlet-side stub of the pipe switch as well as a material return stub that can be connected via a connection channel to the bottom area of the material feed container. Due to the leakage, only fine parts emerge from the shut-off device into the housing, while there are also large parts in the material feed container. In order to prevent coarse parts from getting into the housing, it has proven expedient to automatically block the flow of material from the material feed container towards the housing, for example by means of a non-return valve.
  • the pipe switch which is preferably in the form of an S-shaped swivel tube, is pivotally mounted on the outlet side in the area of a wall duct on the partition, while the feed line is connected to a further wall duct located in an outer wall opposite the partition.
  • a tube piece forming the shut-off element connectable to the two wall bushings and displaceable or pivotable with respect to at least one of the wall bushings, is also arranged in the housing.
  • the pipe section can be designed as a preferably S-shaped swivel pipe, the outlet-side end of which is pivotally mounted in the region of the wall duct of the outer wall and the inlet-side end of which has a closure plate which is arranged next to its inlet opening and which alternates with the inlet opening when the swivel pipe is pivoted back and forth the outlet opening of the pipe switch in the area of the wall duct reaches the partition.
  • the S-shaped pipe section can additionally be mounted with a shaft aligned axially to its outlet end in a swivel bearing arranged on the partition.
  • the pipe section can be pivoted by means of a hydraulically actuated drive mechanism that engages at its outlet-side end, preferably arranged on the outside of the housing.
  • the pipe piece is formed by an opening in a pivoting slide which is arranged in the housing so as to be pivotable about an axis parallel to the passage axes of the wall bushings, such that when pivoting back and forth the opening and a closure part of the pivoting slide alternately in front the openings on the housing side of the wall bushings.
  • the wall bushings arranged in the partition and the outer wall of the housing are expediently axially aligned with one another.
  • a wear plate provided with a passage opening and a closure surface is detachably arranged, which with its free The outer surface rests against a wear ring arranged interchangeably in the area of the adjacent wall bushing.
  • a wear plate provided with a passage opening and a closure surface can also be detachably arranged on at least one inside wall surface in the area of the wall bushing, against the free outer surface of which there is a wear ring which is exchangeably arranged in the area of the inlet and outlet opening of the pivot slide opening.
  • the wear ring In order to ensure an automatic sealing of the wear parts abutting against each other during each pressure stroke, the wear ring lies against an annular shoulder that limits the opening or the wall lead-through with an elastically flexible sealing ring with a larger inner diameter. Since the wear ring protrudes beyond the wall surface in question, an undesirable material leakage can occur when the swivel plate is switched between its two end positions via the gap next to the wear ring.
  • a locking plate opposite the wear plate, at least in the pivoting area of the opening can preferably be detachably arranged laterally next to the wear ring protruding beyond the wall surface in question, the wall thickness of which, if appropriate with a small undersize, essentially corresponds to the protruding height of the wear ring.
  • the wear plate and / or the locking plate expediently have a kidney-shaped outline.
  • the pivoting slide is advantageously connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a drive shaft forming the pivot axis, which in turn is preferably connected to the drive shaft Is arranged outside the housing, hydraulically actuated drive mechanism is pivotable.
  • the reversing of the shut-off element from the closed position into the open position can be carried out in accordance with an adjustable pre-compression pressure in the pipe switch, in particular in accordance with a differential pressure between the delivery line and the pipe switch.
  • the shut-off device is expediently reversed in the pipe switch when a pre-compression pressure corresponding to the pressure in the delivery line is reached.
  • this can be achieved in a particularly simple manner in that the shut-off element can be displaced to a limited extent in the direction of its pivot axis in the closed position under the action of the differential pressure between the pipe switch and the delivery line, and in that a sensor which responds to the displacement position is provided for reversing the shut-off element.
  • the delivery gap can be filled in that an auxiliary cylinder with its pressure connection directly into the delivery line is arranged behind the shut-off device in the conveying direction, the volume of which is a fraction of the volume of the two delivery cylinders and that during the locked state of the Shut-off device for executing a conveying stroke is controllable and can be acted upon by the conveyed material from the conveying line following the conveying stroke by executing an aspirating stroke.
  • the auxiliary cylinder expediently opens at an angle into the conveying line with a component in the conveying direction.
  • the delivery stroke of the auxiliary cylinder is preferably dimensioned such that the delivery gap occurring between the delivery strokes of the two delivery cylinders during the shut-off time is compensated for according to the delivery quantity and time.
  • the delivery stroke of the auxiliary cylinder is expediently triggered before the shut-off element is completely blocked, while the suction stroke of the auxiliary cylinder can be triggered after the shut-off element has been opened, preferably after it has been completely emptied. This avoids fluctuations in the delivery rate and the formation of a gradually hardening plug in the auxiliary cylinder.
  • the suction stroke can either be controlled externally or under the influence of the pressure prevailing in the delivery line.
  • a pipe switch 12 designed as an S-shaped curved swivel tube, which is pivotably mounted about a horizontal axis 18 extending between the outer wall 14 and the partition wall 16.
  • openings 20 ', 20' behind which delivery cylinders 22 ', 22' are flanged which can be controlled in opposite directions in the delivery direction or suction direction via hydraulic cylinders 24, 24 '(Fig. 5).
  • the swivel tube 12 is pivoted with its inlet opening 26 alternately in the pump cycle in front of the opening 20 ', 20' of the delivery cylinder performing the delivery stroke, while the opening of the delivery cylinder performing the intake stroke is free to take up material from the material feed container.
  • the swivel tube 12 is connected to a delivery line 40 via a wall duct 30 in the partition 16, a shut-off element 32 arranged in the housing 34 and a wall duct 36 in the outer wall 38 of the housing 34.
  • the shut-off element 32 is designed as an S-shaped pivoted swivel tube 42, which extends around a horizontal axis 44 extending between the partition 16 and the outer wall 38 by means of a hydraulically actuated swivel mechanism 46 ', 46 ⁇ is pivotable back and forth.
  • the swivel mechanism 46 ' is arranged in a protective box 48 within the material feed container, while in the case of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1a, a swivel mechanism 46' arranged outside the material feed container 10 and the housing 34 is provided.
  • the housing 34 is accessible from above via a removable cover 50 for maintenance and repair purposes.
  • the swivel tube 42 has on its side facing the partition 16 a laterally projecting closure plate 52 which is braced by a rod 54 with the swivel tube.
  • the closure plate 52 In the locked position of the swivel tube 52, the closure plate 52 reaches the housing side in front of the opening 30 'in the partition 16 and thereby closes the pressure outlet of the pipe switch 12. This, on the one hand, prevents backflow of conveyed material from the conveying line 40.
  • the pressurized feed cylinder can carry out a compression stroke which leads to a pre-compression before the shut-off device 32 is switched through to the feed line 40.
  • the swivel tube 42 is sealed off from the swivel tube 12 in the area of the wall bushing 30 via automatically sealing wear parts 56, 58, the position of the automatically sealing ring 56 with respect to the stationary wear part 58 also being able to be exchanged.
  • the housing 34 is connected to the material feed container 10 via an inclined floor 62 and a passage opening 60 in the partition wall 16 for the purpose of material return.
  • the returned material is then pumped into the delivery line 40 together with the material filled in via the feed shaft 64.
  • a non-return valve 61 is arranged in the area of the passage opening 60.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in the more compact design of the shut-off element 32.
  • a pivoting slide 66 is provided there, which is arranged between the partition wall 16 and the outer wall 38 extending horizontal axis 44 'can be pivoted back and forth between two end positions by a hydraulically actuated pivot mechanism 46' arranged outside the housing 34.
  • the Shwenkschieber 66 has by means of a clamping device 68 on the axle shaft 44 'non-rotatably, a circular opening 69 and a closure surface 71 having pivot body 70, on the broad sides of which a kidney-shaped wear plate 72 with passage opening 74 is interchangeably arranged.
  • the plates 72 can against each other in the event of wear be replaced.
  • the swivel body 70 is arranged between two automatically sealing under the action of the delivery pressure wear rings 76, which are supported via elastic sealing rings 78 against the wall bushings 30 and 36 in the region of the openings 30 'and 36'.
  • the automatic sealing function is achieved by the larger inner diameter of the sealing rings 78 compared to the wear rings 76. Since the wear rings 76 protrude somewhat beyond the partition 16 or the outer wall 38 towards the interior of the housing, a gap is formed between the relevant housing wall parts and the wear plates 72, through which material can get into the housing 34 from the tube interior during the switching process.
  • a blocking plate 80 which bridges this gap, is arranged on the inside of the relevant housing walls and fulfills a sealing function during the switching process. This locking plate 80 is also expediently exchangeable because of the wear that occurs there.
  • the shaft 44 ' is limited axially displaceable together with the pivoting slide 66. Accordingly, a certain axial play must be provided in the area of the locking plates 80 and the sealing rings 78. Furthermore, a sensor responsive to the axial displacement position is provided on the outside of the housing. With this arrangement, it is possible that the pivoting slide 66 can be displaced to a limited extent in the direction of its pivot axis in its closed position under the action of the differential pressure prevailing between the pipe switch 12 and the delivery line 40, and that the sensor 88, which responds to the displaced position, detects the shut-off device from the closed position reversed into the open position when the pre-compression pressure in the pipe switch 12 corresponds to the counter pressure in the delivery line 40.
  • the inclined housing base 62 in turn leads to a passage opening 60 in the partition 16 through which leakage material can be returned to the material feed container and can be conveyed away from there via the pump.
  • the diverter 12 and the shut-off device 32 are switched to free passage.
  • the shut-off element 32 is controlled in the closed position by an electrically or hydraulically emitted signal, while the diverter 12 is switched to the other delivery cylinder when the shut-off element 32 is closed. This ensures that no material to be conveyed can flow back from the conveying line 40 into the material feed container 10 during the switching of the pipe switch 12.
  • the shut-off device 32 is controlled again in its open position. The new delivery stroke is triggered either before or after the shutoff member 32 is opened.
  • the new delivery stroke must first be driven against the closed shut-off device 32. Only when a given pressure, e.g. the pressure in the delivery line 40 is reached, the shut-off device 32 is opened. This prevents backflow. In the shut-off mechanisms described, it is ensured that the material plug remaining in the tubular shut-off elements 42 and 66 during the switching process is completely carried along with the next conveying stroke.
  • a given pressure e.g. the pressure in the delivery line 40
  • a two-cylinder pump opens into the delivery line 40 behind the pressure port of the material feed container 10 equipped with a shut-off element 32, the pressure port of an auxiliary cylinder 84 with a relatively small delivery volume.
  • the delivery volume is designed so that it can completely fill the delivery gap when switching between the two delivery cylinders 22 ', 22 ′.
  • the control of the auxiliary cylinder 84 is carried out by the central control for the feed cylinder 22 ', 22 ⁇ .
  • one of the delivery cylinders 22 ', 22' material can be branched off from the delivery line 40 during the delivery stroke.
  • the piston 86 of the auxiliary cylinder 84 is either pushed back directly via the material pressure in the delivery line 40 or positively controlled.
  • the filling process can be extended over a longer period up to the entire duration of the delivery stroke, so that the disturbance caused thereby is negligible.
  • the start of the delivery stroke of the auxiliary cylinder 84 can be selected so that the interruption in the flow of flow is compensated for. Because of the inertia of the system, this means that the delivery stroke starts already during the closing of the shut-off element 32.
  • care must be taken to ensure that all of the material is expelled from the auxiliary cylinder.
  • FIG. 6 shows the mass flow ⁇ in the delivery line 40 behind the auxiliary cylinder 84 as a function of the time t.
  • the mass flows generated by the two feed cylinders 22 ', 22' result from the curve sections 1 and 2.
  • a delivery gap occurs which is filled by the mass delivery from the auxiliary cylinder 84, as indicated by the curve part 3.
  • a partial flow from the mass flow for filling the auxiliary cylinder branched off.
  • the discontinuities in the material flow resulting from the delivery gap can be completely compensated for by appropriate design and control of the auxiliary cylinder.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dickstoff-Pumpe mit mindestens zwei über stirnseitige Öffnungen in einen Materialaufgabebehälter mündenden, abwechselnd arbeitenden Förderzylindern, mit einer innerhalb des Materialaufgabebehälters angeordneten, eintrittsseitig abwechselnd an die Öffnungen des Förderzylinders anschließbaren und die jeweils andere Öffnung freigebenden und austrittsseitig mit einer Förderleitung verbindbaren Rohrweiche, und mit einem in Förderrichtung hinter der Rohrweiche angeordneten Absperrorgan.The invention relates to a thick matter pump with at least two alternately operating delivery cylinders opening into front end openings in a material feed container, with a delivery cylinder arranged inside the material feed container, alternately connectable on the inlet side to the openings of the feed cylinder and releasing the other opening in each case and connectable on the outlet side to a delivery line , and with a shut-off device arranged behind the pipe switch in the conveying direction.

Pumpen dieser bekannten Art dienen zur Förderung von Beton und anderen breiigen Massen, wie beispielsweise von mit Wasser versetztem Abraum bei Tunnelbauten oder von mit Wasser oder Heizöl versetztem Kohlestaub bei Kohlefeuerungsanlagen. Das Absperrorgan im Druckrohr ermöglicht das Arbeiten gegen einen hohen Druck ohne die Gefahr einer Materialrückströmung während des Umschaltens der Rohrweiche sowie die Durchführung eines Kompressionshubs vor dem eigentlichen Förderhub. Als Rohrweiche kommt vor allem das S-förmig gebogene Schwenkrohr in Betracht. Grundsätzlich liegt aber auch die Verwendung von U-förmig gebogenen Schwenkrohren (Rüsselweichen), Rockweichen und Hosenrohren im Rahmen der Erfindung.Pumps of this known type are used to convey concrete and other pulpy masses, such as, for example, water-spoiled material in tunnel structures or coal dust in water or heating oil in coal-fired systems. The shut-off device in the pressure pipe enables working against high pressure without the risk of material backflow during the switching of the pipe switch as well as performing a compression stroke before the actual delivery stroke. The S-shaped swivel tube comes into consideration as the pipe switch. Basically, however, the use of U-shaped swivel tubes (trunk turnouts), rock turnouts and downpipes is within the scope of the invention.

Weiter ist es an sich bekannt, Absperrorgane im Bereich der Förderleitung vorzusehen, die beispielsweise als Sitzventil, Flachschieber, Flapper-Ventil oder Rückschlagventil ausgebildet sein können. Die drei erstgenannten Absperrorgane sind zwangsgesteuert, während das Rückschlagventil passiv auf den Druck in der Förderleitung bei abfallendem Druck in der Rohrweiche anspricht. Allen diesen vorbekannten Absperrorganen ist gemeinsam, daß sie außerhalb des Materialaufgabebehälters angeordnet sind. Im Verschleißfalle kommt es bei diesen Absperrorganen zu einer Leckage von Fördergut, die zu einer Verschmutzung der Umgebung des Absperrorgans und der Pumpe führt.It is also known per se to provide shut-off elements in the region of the delivery line, which can be designed, for example, as a seat valve, flat slide valve, flapper valve or check valve. The first three Shut-off devices are positively controlled, while the check valve responds passively to the pressure in the delivery line when the pressure in the pipe switch drops. All these known shut-off devices have in common that they are arranged outside the material feed container. In the event of wear, these shut-off elements cause a leakage of the conveyed material, which leads to contamination of the surroundings of the shut-off element and the pump.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Dickstoff-Pumpe mit Absperrorgan zu entwickeln, die eine zuverlässige Absperrung des Förderstroms ohne die Gefahr einer Verschmutzung der Umgebung gewährleistet.The invention has for its object to develop a slurry pump with shut-off device, which ensures a reliable shut-off of the flow without the risk of pollution of the environment.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalskombination vorgeschlagen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.To achieve this object, the combination of features specified in claim 1 is proposed. Further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention result from the subclaims.

Die Erfindung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, daß an Absperrorganen für Fördergut aus abrasiven Dickstoffen mit festen und flüssigen Bestandteilen auch bei einem großen Verkapselungsaufwand wegen der unvermeidlichen Verschleißerscheinungen das Auftreten von Leckagen nicht vermieden werden kann. Dementsprechend wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, das Absperrorgan in einem Gehäuse anzuordnen, das mit dem Materialaufgabebehälter zum Zwecke der Materialrückführung verbunden oder verbindbar ist.The invention is based on the knowledge that the occurrence of leaks cannot be avoided on shut-off elements for conveyed goods made of abrasive thick matter with solid and liquid components, even with a large encapsulation effort, because of the inevitable signs of wear. Accordingly, it is proposed according to the invention to arrange the shut-off device in a housing which is connected or can be connected to the material feed container for the purpose of returning the material.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Gehäuse durch eine in ihrem unteren Bereich eine Durchtrittsöffnung aufweisende Trennwand vom Materialaufgabebehälter getrennt und weist einen schräg zur Durchtrittsöffnung nach unten weisenden Gehäuseboden auf. Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, zwischen Gehäuse und Materialaufgabebehälter auch eine Zwangsfördereinrichtung, vorzugsweise eine Förderschnecke, für die Materialrückführung anzuordnen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing is separated from the material feed container by a partition having a passage opening in its lower region and has an incline to it Passage opening on the bottom of the housing. In principle, it is also possible to arrange a positive conveyor, preferably a screw conveyor, between the housing and the material feed container for the material return.

Um auch bereits vorhandene Dickstoff-Pumpen mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Absperrorgan nachrüsten zu können, weist das als Nachrüstaggregat ausgebildete Gehäuse einen auf der Eintrittsseite des Absperrorgans an den austrittsseitigen Stutzen der Rohrweiche anschließbaren Verbindungsstutzen sowie einen vorzugsweise über einen Verbindungskanal an den Bodenbereich des Materialaufgabebehälters anschließbaren Materialrückführungsstutzen auf. In das Gehäuse treten aufgrund der Leckage aus dem Absperrorgan nur Feinteile aus, während sich im Materialaufgabebehälter auch Grobteile befinden. Um zu verhindern, daß Grobteile in das Gehäuse gelangen können, hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, den Materialfluß vom Materialaufgabebehälter in Richtung Gehäuse beispielsweise mittels einer Rückschlagklappe selbsttätig zu sperren.In order to be able to retrofit already existing thick matter pumps with a shut-off device according to the invention, the housing designed as a retrofit unit has a connection stub that can be connected on the inlet side of the shut-off device to the outlet-side stub of the pipe switch as well as a material return stub that can be connected via a connection channel to the bottom area of the material feed container. Due to the leakage, only fine parts emerge from the shut-off device into the housing, while there are also large parts in the material feed container. In order to prevent coarse parts from getting into the housing, it has proven expedient to automatically block the flow of material from the material feed container towards the housing, for example by means of a non-return valve.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die vorzugsweise als S-förmiges Schwenkrohr ausgebildete Rohrweiche austrittsseitig im Bereich einer Wanddurchführung an der Trennwand schwenkbar gelagert, während die Förderleitung an einer in einer der Trennwand gegenüberliegenden Außenwand befindlichen weiteren Wanddurchführung angeschlossen ist. In dem Gehäuse ist gemäß der Erfindung ferner ein das Absperrorgan bildendes, an die beiden Wanddurchführungen anschließbares und gegenüber mindestens einer der Wanddurchführungen verschieb- oder verschwenkbares Rohrstück angeordnet.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pipe switch, which is preferably in the form of an S-shaped swivel tube, is pivotally mounted on the outlet side in the area of a wall duct on the partition, while the feed line is connected to a further wall duct located in an outer wall opposite the partition. In accordance with the invention, a tube piece forming the shut-off element, connectable to the two wall bushings and displaceable or pivotable with respect to at least one of the wall bushings, is also arranged in the housing.

Das Rohrstück kann dabei als vorzugsweise S-förmiges Schwenkrohr ausgebildet sein, dessen austrittseitiges Ende im Bereich der Wanddurchführung der Außenwand schwenkbar gelagert ist und dessen eintrittsseitiges Ende eine neben seiner Eintrittsöffnung angeordnete Verschlußplatte aufweist, die beim Hin- und Herschwenken des Schwenkrohrs abwechselnd mit der Eintrittsöffnung vor die Austrittsöffnung der Rohrweiche im Bereich der Wanddurchführung in der Trennwand gelangt. Das S-förmig gebogene Rohrstück kann zusätzlich mit einer axial zu seinem austrittsseitigen Ende ausgerichteten Welle in einem an der Trennwand angeordneten Schwenklager gelagert sein. Vorteilhafterweise ist das Rohrstück mittels eines an seinem austrittsseitigen Ende angreifenden, vorzugsweise auf der Gehäuseaußenseite angeordneten, hydraulisch betätigbaren Antriebsmechanismus verschwenkbar.The pipe section can be designed as a preferably S-shaped swivel pipe, the outlet-side end of which is pivotally mounted in the region of the wall duct of the outer wall and the inlet-side end of which has a closure plate which is arranged next to its inlet opening and which alternates with the inlet opening when the swivel pipe is pivoted back and forth the outlet opening of the pipe switch in the area of the wall duct reaches the partition. The S-shaped pipe section can additionally be mounted with a shaft aligned axially to its outlet end in a swivel bearing arranged on the partition. Advantageously, the pipe section can be pivoted by means of a hydraulically actuated drive mechanism that engages at its outlet-side end, preferably arranged on the outside of the housing.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Rohrstuck durch einen Durchbruch in einem Schwenkschieber gebildet, der um eine zu den Durchtrittsachsen der Wanddurchführungen parallele Achse schwenkbar so im Gehäuse angeordnet ist, daß beim Hin- und Herschwenken der Durchbruch und ein Verschlußteil des Schwenkschiebers abwechselnd vor die gehäuseseitigen Öffnungen der Wanddurchführungen gelangen. Die in der Trennwand und der Außenwand des Gehäuses angeordneten Wanddurchführungen liegen dabei zweckmäßig einander axial fluchtend gegenüber.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the pipe piece is formed by an opening in a pivoting slide which is arranged in the housing so as to be pivotable about an axis parallel to the passage axes of the wall bushings, such that when pivoting back and forth the opening and a closure part of the pivoting slide alternately in front the openings on the housing side of the wall bushings. The wall bushings arranged in the partition and the outer wall of the housing are expediently axially aligned with one another.

Vorteilhafterweise ist auf mindestens einer der beiden Breitseitenflächen des Schwenkkörpers eine mit einer Durchtrittsöffnung und einer Verschlußfläche versehene Verschleißplatte lösbar angeordnet, die mit ihrer freien Außenfläche gegen einen im Bereich der benachbarten Wanddurchführung auswechselbar angeordneten Verschleißring anliegt. In kinematischer Umkehrung dieser Anordnung kann auch an mindestens einer gehäuseinnenseitigen Wandfläche im Bereich der Wanddurchführung eine mit einer Durchtrittsöffnung und einer Verschlußfläche versehene Verschleißplatte lösbar angeordnet sein, gegen deren freie Außenfläche ein im Bereich der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung des Schwenkschieberdurchbruchs auswechselbar angeordneter Verschleißring anliegt. Um eine automatische Abdichtung der gegeneinander anliegenden Verschleißteile während eines jeden Druckhubs zu gewährleisten, liegt der Verschleißring unter Zwischenklemmen eines elastisch nachgiebigen Dichtungsrings mit größerem Innendurchmesser gegen eine den Durchbruch bzw. die Wanddurchführung begrenzende Ringschulter an. Da der Verschleißring über die betreffende Wandfläche übersteht, kann es beim Umschalten der Schwenkplatte zwischen seinen beiden Endstellungen über den neben dem Verschleißring vorhandenen Spalt zu einer unerwünschten Materialleckage kommen. Um diese zu vermeiden kann seitlich neben dem über die betreffende Wandfläche überstehenden Verschleißring eine der Verschleißplatte zumindest im Schwenkbereich des Durchbruchs gegenüberliegende Sperrplatte vorzugsweise lösbar angeordnet werden, deren Wandstärke gegebenenfalls mit etwas Untermaß im wesentlichen der überstehenden Höhe des Verschleißrings entspricht. Die Verschleißplatte und/oder die Sperrplatte weisen dabei zweckmäßig einen nierenförmigen Umriß auf.Advantageously, on at least one of the two broad side surfaces of the swivel body, a wear plate provided with a passage opening and a closure surface is detachably arranged, which with its free The outer surface rests against a wear ring arranged interchangeably in the area of the adjacent wall bushing. In a kinematic reversal of this arrangement, a wear plate provided with a passage opening and a closure surface can also be detachably arranged on at least one inside wall surface in the area of the wall bushing, against the free outer surface of which there is a wear ring which is exchangeably arranged in the area of the inlet and outlet opening of the pivot slide opening. In order to ensure an automatic sealing of the wear parts abutting against each other during each pressure stroke, the wear ring lies against an annular shoulder that limits the opening or the wall lead-through with an elastically flexible sealing ring with a larger inner diameter. Since the wear ring protrudes beyond the wall surface in question, an undesirable material leakage can occur when the swivel plate is switched between its two end positions via the gap next to the wear ring. In order to avoid this, a locking plate opposite the wear plate, at least in the pivoting area of the opening, can preferably be detachably arranged laterally next to the wear ring protruding beyond the wall surface in question, the wall thickness of which, if appropriate with a small undersize, essentially corresponds to the protruding height of the wear ring. The wear plate and / or the locking plate expediently have a kidney-shaped outline.

Vorteilhafterweise ist der Schwenkschieber mit einer die Schwenkachse bildenden Antriebswelle drehfest verbunden, die ihrerseits über einen vorzugsweise auf der Gehäuseaußenseite angeordneten, hydraulisch betätigbaren Antriebsmechanismus verschwenkbar ist.The pivoting slide is advantageously connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a drive shaft forming the pivot axis, which in turn is preferably connected to the drive shaft Is arranged outside the housing, hydraulically actuated drive mechanism is pivotable.

Die Umsteuerung des Absperrorgans von der Schließstellung in die Offenstellung kann nach Maßgabe eines einstellbaren Vorverdichtungsdrucks in der Rohrweiche, insbesondere nach Maßgabe eines Differenzdrucks zwischen Förderleitung und Rohrweiche vorgenommen werden. Zweckmäßig wird das Absperrorgan bei Erreichen eines dem Druck in der Förderleitung entsprechenden Vorverdichtungsdrucks in der Rohrweiche umgesteuert. Technisch kann dies besonders einfach dadurch realisiert werden, daß das Absperrorgan in seiner Schließstellung unter der Einwirkung des zwischen Rohrweiche und Förderleitung herrschenden Differenzdrucks in Richtung seiner Schwenkachse begrenzt verschiebbar ist, und daß ein auf die Verschiebelage ansprechender Sensor zur Umsteuerung des Absperrorgans vorgesehen ist.The reversing of the shut-off element from the closed position into the open position can be carried out in accordance with an adjustable pre-compression pressure in the pipe switch, in particular in accordance with a differential pressure between the delivery line and the pipe switch. The shut-off device is expediently reversed in the pipe switch when a pre-compression pressure corresponding to the pressure in the delivery line is reached. Technically, this can be achieved in a particularly simple manner in that the shut-off element can be displaced to a limited extent in the direction of its pivot axis in the closed position under the action of the differential pressure between the pipe switch and the delivery line, and in that a sensor which responds to the displacement position is provided for reversing the shut-off element.

Bei der Materialförderung mit Zweizylinderpumpen tritt das Problem auf, daß zwischen den beiden Förderhüben eine Förderlücke entsteht. Diese führt zu Schlägen und Unstetigkeiten im Materialstrom. Auch bei optimaler Auslegung beträgt die Förderlücke etwa 2 bis 10% der Nutzungszeit. In Verbindung mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Absperrorgan kann die Förderlücke dadurch ausgefüllt werden, daß in Förderrichtung hinter dem Absperrorgan ein mit seinem Druckstutzen unmittelbar in die Förderleitung mündender Hilfszylinder angeordnet ist, dessen Volumen einen Bruchteil des Volumens der beiden Förderzylinder beträgt und der während des Sperrzustands des Absperrorgans zur Ausführung eines Förderhubs ansteuerbar ist und im Anschluß an den Förderhub unter Ausführung eines Ansaughubs mit dem Fördergut aus der Förderleitung beaufschlagbar ist. Der Hilfszylinder mündet zweckmäßig schräg mit einer Komponente in Förderrichtung in die Förderleitung. Der Förderhub des Hilfszylinders wird vorzugsweise so bemessen, daß die zwischen den Förderhüben der beiden Förderzylinder während der Absperrzeit auftretende Förderlücke nach Fördermenge und -zeit ausgeglichen wird. Zweckmäßig wird der Förderhub des Hilfszylinders schon vor der vollständigen Sperrung des Absperrorgans ausgelöst, während der Ansaughub des Hilfszylinders nach dem Öffnen des Absperrorgans, vorzugsweise nach seiner vollständigen Entleerung, auslösbar ist. Dadurch werden Schwankungen in der Förderleistung sowie die Ausbildung eines sich allmählich aushärtenden Pfropfens im Hilfszylinder vermieden. Der Ansaughub kann entweder fremdgesteuert oder unter der Einwirkung des in der Förderleitung herrschenden Drucks durchgeführt werden.When materials are conveyed with two-cylinder pumps, the problem arises that there is a delivery gap between the two delivery strokes. This leads to blows and discontinuities in the material flow. Even with an optimal design, the funding gap is around 2 to 10% of the period of use. In connection with the shut-off device according to the invention, the delivery gap can be filled in that an auxiliary cylinder with its pressure connection directly into the delivery line is arranged behind the shut-off device in the conveying direction, the volume of which is a fraction of the volume of the two delivery cylinders and that during the locked state of the Shut-off device for executing a conveying stroke is controllable and can be acted upon by the conveyed material from the conveying line following the conveying stroke by executing an aspirating stroke. The auxiliary cylinder expediently opens at an angle into the conveying line with a component in the conveying direction. The delivery stroke of the auxiliary cylinder is preferably dimensioned such that the delivery gap occurring between the delivery strokes of the two delivery cylinders during the shut-off time is compensated for according to the delivery quantity and time. The delivery stroke of the auxiliary cylinder is expediently triggered before the shut-off element is completely blocked, while the suction stroke of the auxiliary cylinder can be triggered after the shut-off element has been opened, preferably after it has been completely emptied. This avoids fluctuations in the delivery rate and the formation of a gradually hardening plug in the auxiliary cylinder. The suction stroke can either be controlled externally or under the influence of the pressure prevailing in the delivery line.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der in der Zeichnung in schematischer Weise dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Rohrweiche mit als S-förmiges Schwenkrohr ausgebildetem Absperrorgan in senkrecht geschittener Darstellung;
Fig. 1a
einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 mit abgewandeltem Schwenkrohrantrieb;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf die Rohrweiche nach Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Rohrweiche mit einem als Schwenkschieber ausgebildeten Absperrorgan in senkrecht geschnittener Darstellung;
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie 4-4 der Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf eine Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe mit Absperrorgan und nachgeschaltetem Hilfszylinder;
Fig. 6
ein Diagramm, das den Massenstrom ṁ in der Förderleitung der in Fig. 5 gezeigten Dickstoff-Pumpe in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit t zeigt.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. Show it
Fig. 1
a pipe switch with an S-shaped swivel pipe shut-off device in a vertical section;
Fig. 1a
a section of Figure 1 with a modified swivel tube drive.
Fig. 2
a plan view of the diverter according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
a further embodiment of a pipe switch with a shut-off element designed as a pivoting slide in a vertical section;
Fig. 4
a section along the section line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
a plan view of a two-cylinder thick matter pump with shut-off device and downstream auxiliary cylinder;
Fig. 6
a diagram showing the mass flow ṁ in the delivery line of the thick matter pump shown in Fig. 5 as a function of time t.

In dem im wesentlichen trichterförmigen Materialaufgabebehälter 10 befindet sich eine als S-förmig gebogenes Schwenkrohr ausgebildete Rohrweiche 12, die um eine sich zwischen der Außenwand 14 und der Trennwand 16 erstreckende horiziontale Achse 18 schwenkbar gelagert ist. In der Außenwand 14 befinden sich Öffnungen 20′, 20˝ hinter denen Förderzylinder 22′, 22˝ angeflanscht sind, die über Hydraulikzylinder 24, 24˝ (Fig. 5) gegensinnig in Förderrichtung oder Ansaugrichtung ansteuerbar sind. Das Schwenkrohr 12 wird mit seiner Eintrittsöffnung 26 abwechselnd im Pumpentakt jeweils vor die Öffnung 20′, 20˝ des den Förderhub ausführenden Förderzylinders geschwenkt, während die Öffnung des den Ansaughub ausführenden Förderzylinders zur Materialaufnahme aus dem Materialaufgabebehälter frei ist. An seinem austrittsseitigen Ende 28 steht das Schwenkrohr 12 über eine Wanddurchführung 30 in der Trennwand 16, ein in dem Gehäuse 34 angeordnetes Absperrorgan 32 und eine Wanddurchführung 36 in der Außenwand 38 des Gehäuses 34 mit einer Förderleitung 40 in Verbindung.In the essentially funnel-shaped material feed container 10 there is a pipe switch 12 designed as an S-shaped curved swivel tube, which is pivotably mounted about a horizontal axis 18 extending between the outer wall 14 and the partition wall 16. In the outer wall 14 there are openings 20 ', 20' behind which delivery cylinders 22 ', 22' are flanged, which can be controlled in opposite directions in the delivery direction or suction direction via hydraulic cylinders 24, 24 '(Fig. 5). The swivel tube 12 is pivoted with its inlet opening 26 alternately in the pump cycle in front of the opening 20 ', 20' of the delivery cylinder performing the delivery stroke, while the opening of the delivery cylinder performing the intake stroke is free to take up material from the material feed container. At its outlet end 28 the swivel tube 12 is connected to a delivery line 40 via a wall duct 30 in the partition 16, a shut-off element 32 arranged in the housing 34 and a wall duct 36 in the outer wall 38 of the housing 34.

Im Falle des in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels ist das Absperrorgan 32 als S-förmig gebogenes Schwenkrohr 42 ausgebildet, das um eine sich zwischen der Trennwand 16 und der Außenwand 38 erstreckende horizontale Achse 44 mittels eines hydraulisch betätigbaren Schwenkmechanismus 46′, 46˝ hin- und herverschwenkbar ist. Im Falle des in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels ist der Schwenkmechanimus 46′ in einem Schutzkasten 48 innerhalb des Materialaufgabebehälters angeordnet, während im Falle des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Fig. 1a ein außerhalb des Materialsaufgabebehälters 10 und des Gehäuses 34 angeordneter Schwenkmechanismus 46˝ vorgesehen ist. Das Gehäuse 34 ist von oben her über einen abnehmbaren Deckel 50 für Wartungs- und Reparaturzwecke zugänglich. Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 zu ersehen ist, weist das Schwenkrohr 42 auf seiner der Trennwand 16 zugewandten Seite eine seitlich überstehende Verschlußplatte 52 auf, die durch eine Stange 54 mit dem Schwenkrohr verstrebt ist. In der Sperrstellung des Schwenkrohrs 52 gelangt die Verschlußplatte 52 gehäuseseitig vor die Öffnung 30′ in der Trennwand 16 und verschließt dadurch den Druckausgang der Rohrweiche 12. Hiermit kann einerseits ein Rückströmen von Fördermaterial aus der Förderleitung 40 vermieden werden. Zum anderen kann der druckbeaufschlagte Förderzylinder einen Kompressionshub ausführen, der zu einer Vorverdichtung führt, bevor das Absperrorgan 32 auf die Förderleitung 40 durchgeschaltet wird.In the case of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shut-off element 32 is designed as an S-shaped pivoted swivel tube 42, which extends around a horizontal axis 44 extending between the partition 16 and the outer wall 38 by means of a hydraulically actuated swivel mechanism 46 ', 46˝ is pivotable back and forth. In the case of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the swivel mechanism 46 'is arranged in a protective box 48 within the material feed container, while in the case of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1a, a swivel mechanism 46' arranged outside the material feed container 10 and the housing 34 is provided. The housing 34 is accessible from above via a removable cover 50 for maintenance and repair purposes. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the swivel tube 42 has on its side facing the partition 16 a laterally projecting closure plate 52 which is braced by a rod 54 with the swivel tube. In the locked position of the swivel tube 52, the closure plate 52 reaches the housing side in front of the opening 30 'in the partition 16 and thereby closes the pressure outlet of the pipe switch 12. This, on the one hand, prevents backflow of conveyed material from the conveying line 40. On the other hand, the pressurized feed cylinder can carry out a compression stroke which leads to a pre-compression before the shut-off device 32 is switched through to the feed line 40.

Die Abdichtung des Schwenkrohrs 42 gegenüber dem Schwenkrohr 12 im Bereich der Wanddurchführung 30 erfolgt über automatisch dichtende Verschleißteile 56, 58, wobei die Lage des automatisch dichtenden Ringes 56 gegenüber dem stehenden Verschleißteil 58 auch getauscht werden kann.The swivel tube 42 is sealed off from the swivel tube 12 in the area of the wall bushing 30 via automatically sealing wear parts 56, 58, the position of the automatically sealing ring 56 with respect to the stationary wear part 58 also being able to be exchanged.

Da sich eine Leckage im Bereich der gegeneinander bewegten Verschleißteile 56, 58 des Schwenkrohrs 42 nicht vermeiden läßt, steht das Gehäuse 34 über einen schrägen Boden 62 und eine Durchtrittsöffnung 60 in der Trennwand 16 zum Zwecke der Materialrückführung mit dem Materialaufgabebehälter 10 in Verbindung. Das zurückgeführte Material wird dann zusammen mit dem über den Zulaufschacht 64 eingefüllte Material in die Förderleitung 40 gepumpt. Um andererseits einen Materialfluß aus dem Materialaufgabebehälter 10 in das Gehäuse 34 zu verhindern, ist im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnung 60 eine Rückschlagklappe 61 angeordnet.Since leakage in the area of the mutually moving wear parts 56, 58 of the swivel tube 42 cannot be avoided, the housing 34 is connected to the material feed container 10 via an inclined floor 62 and a passage opening 60 in the partition wall 16 for the purpose of material return. The returned material is then pumped into the delivery line 40 together with the material filled in via the feed shaft 64. On the other hand, to prevent a material flow from the material feed container 10 into the housing 34, a non-return valve 61 is arranged in the area of the passage opening 60.

Das in den Fig. 3 und 4 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 und 2 in der kompakteren Bauweise des Absperrorgans 32. Statt des S-Rohrs 42 ist dort ein Schwenkschieber 66 vorgesehen, der um eine sich zwischen der Trennwand 16 und der Außenwand 38 erstreckende horizontale Achse 44′ durch einen außerhalb des Gehäuses 34 angeordneten, hydraulisch betätigbaren Schwenkmechanismus 46˝ zwischen zwei Endstellungen hin- und herschwenkbar ist. Der Shwenkschieber 66 weist einen mittels einer Spannvorrichtung 68 auf der Achsewelle 44′ drehfest befestigten, einen kreisförmigen Durchbruch 69 und eine Verschlußfläche 71 aufweisenden Schwenkkörper 70 auf, an dessen Breitseiten jeweils eine nierenförmige Verschleißplatte 72 mit Durchtrittsöffnung 74 auswechselbar angeordnet ist. Die Platten 72 können im Verschleißfalle gegeneinander ausgetauscht werden. Der Schwenkkörper 70 ist zwischen zwei unter der Einwirkung des Förderdrucks automatisch dichtenden Verschleißringen 76 angeordnet, die sich über elastische Dichtungsringe 78 gegenüber den Wanddurchführungen 30 bzw. 36 im Bereich der Öffnungen 30′ bzw. 36′ abstützen. Die automatische Abdichtfunktion wird durch den größeren Innendurchmesser der Dichtungsringe 78 gegenüber den Verschleißringen 76 erzielt. Da die Verschleißringe 76 etwas über die Trennwand 16 bzw. die Außenwand 38 nach dem Gehäuseinneren überstehen, bildet sich zwischen den betreffenden Gehäusewandteilen und den Verschleißplatten 72 ein Spalt, durch den beim Umschaltvorgang Material aus dem Rohrinneren in das Gehäuse 34 gelangen kann. Um dies zu vermeiden ist an der Innenseite der betreffenden Gehäusewände jeweils eine diesen Spalt überbrückende Sperrplatte 80 angeordnet, die während des Umschaltvorgangs eine Abdichtfunktion erfüllt. Zweckmäßig ist diese Sperrplatte 80 wegen des dort auftretenden Verschleißes ebenfalls auswechselbar.The exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in the more compact design of the shut-off element 32. Instead of the S-tube 42, a pivoting slide 66 is provided there, which is arranged between the partition wall 16 and the outer wall 38 extending horizontal axis 44 'can be pivoted back and forth between two end positions by a hydraulically actuated pivot mechanism 46' arranged outside the housing 34. The Shwenkschieber 66 has by means of a clamping device 68 on the axle shaft 44 'non-rotatably, a circular opening 69 and a closure surface 71 having pivot body 70, on the broad sides of which a kidney-shaped wear plate 72 with passage opening 74 is interchangeably arranged. The plates 72 can against each other in the event of wear be replaced. The swivel body 70 is arranged between two automatically sealing under the action of the delivery pressure wear rings 76, which are supported via elastic sealing rings 78 against the wall bushings 30 and 36 in the region of the openings 30 'and 36'. The automatic sealing function is achieved by the larger inner diameter of the sealing rings 78 compared to the wear rings 76. Since the wear rings 76 protrude somewhat beyond the partition 16 or the outer wall 38 towards the interior of the housing, a gap is formed between the relevant housing wall parts and the wear plates 72, through which material can get into the housing 34 from the tube interior during the switching process. In order to avoid this, a blocking plate 80, which bridges this gap, is arranged on the inside of the relevant housing walls and fulfills a sealing function during the switching process. This locking plate 80 is also expediently exchangeable because of the wear that occurs there.

Bei dem in Figur 3 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels ist die Welle 44′ zusammen mit dem Schwenkschieber 66 begrenzt axial verschiebbar. Dementsprechend muß im Bereich der Sperrplatten 80 und der Dichtungsringe 78 ein gewisses axiales Spiel vorgesehen werden. Weiter ist auf der Außenseite des Gehäuses ein auf die axiale Verschiebelage ansprechender Sensor vorgesehen. Mit dieser Anordnung ist es möglich, daß der Schwenkschieber 66 in seiner Schließstellung unter der Einwirkung des zwischen der Rohrweiche 12 und der Förderleitung 40 herrschenden Differenzdrucks in Richtung seiner Schwenkachse begrenzt verschiebbar ist, und daß der auf die Verschiebelage ansprechende Sensor 88 das Absperrorgan von der Schließstellung in die Offenstellung umsteuert, wenn der Vorverdichtungsdruck in der Rohrweiche 12 dem Gegendruck in der Förderleitung 40 entspricht.In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the shaft 44 'is limited axially displaceable together with the pivoting slide 66. Accordingly, a certain axial play must be provided in the area of the locking plates 80 and the sealing rings 78. Furthermore, a sensor responsive to the axial displacement position is provided on the outside of the housing. With this arrangement, it is possible that the pivoting slide 66 can be displaced to a limited extent in the direction of its pivot axis in its closed position under the action of the differential pressure prevailing between the pipe switch 12 and the delivery line 40, and that the sensor 88, which responds to the displaced position, detects the shut-off device from the closed position reversed into the open position when the pre-compression pressure in the pipe switch 12 corresponds to the counter pressure in the delivery line 40.

Der schräge Gehäuseboden 62 führt wiederum zu einer Durchtrittsöffnung 60 in der Trennwand 16, durch den Leckmaterial in den Materialaufgabebehälter zurückgeführt und von dort aus über die Pumpe weggefördert werden kann.The inclined housing base 62 in turn leads to a passage opening 60 in the partition 16 through which leakage material can be returned to the material feed container and can be conveyed away from there via the pump.

Die Steuerung der Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpen nach den Fig. 1 bis 4 ist wie folgt:The control of the two-cylinder thick matter pumps according to FIGS. 1 to 4 is as follows:

Im Laufe eines Förderhubs des einen oder anderen Förderzylinders 22′, 22˝ sind die Rohrweiche 12 und das Absperrorgan 32 auf freien Durchgang geschaltet. Am Ende des Förderhubs wird über ein elektrisch oder hydraulisch abgegebenes Signal das Absperrorgan 32 in Schließstellung gesteuert, während die Rohrweiche 12 bei geschlossenem Absperrorgan 32 auf den anderen Förderzylinder umgeschaltet wird. Dabei ist sichergestellt, daß während der Umschaltung der Rohrweiche 12 kein Fördergut aus der Förderleitung 40 in den Materialaufgabebehälter 10 zurückströmen kann. Am Ende des Umschaltvorgangs der Rohrweiche 12 wird das Absperrorgan 32 wieder in seine Offenstellung gesteuert. Der neue Förderhub wird entweder vor oder nach dem Öffnen des Absperrorgans 32 ausgelöst. Um eine Vorverdichtung zu erreichen, muß der neue Förderhub zunächst gegen das geschlossene Absperrorgan 32 gefahren werden. Erst wenn ein vorgegebener Druck, z.B. der Druck in der Förderleitung 40, erreicht ist, wird das Absperrorgan 32 geöffnet. Dadurch wird eine Rückströmung vermieden. Bei den beschriebenen Absperrmechanismen ist sichergestellt, daß der in den rohrförmigen Absperrorganen 42 bzw. 66 beim Schaltvorgang zurückbleibende Materialpfropfen beim nächsten Förderhub vollständig mitgenommen wird.In the course of a delivery stroke of one or the other delivery cylinder 22 ', 22˝, the diverter 12 and the shut-off device 32 are switched to free passage. At the end of the delivery stroke, the shut-off element 32 is controlled in the closed position by an electrically or hydraulically emitted signal, while the diverter 12 is switched to the other delivery cylinder when the shut-off element 32 is closed. This ensures that no material to be conveyed can flow back from the conveying line 40 into the material feed container 10 during the switching of the pipe switch 12. At the end of the switching process of the diverter 12, the shut-off device 32 is controlled again in its open position. The new delivery stroke is triggered either before or after the shutoff member 32 is opened. In order to achieve a pre-compression, the new delivery stroke must first be driven against the closed shut-off device 32. Only when a given pressure, e.g. the pressure in the delivery line 40 is reached, the shut-off device 32 is opened. This prevents backflow. In the shut-off mechanisms described, it is ensured that the material plug remaining in the tubular shut-off elements 42 and 66 during the switching process is completely carried along with the next conveying stroke.

Bei dem in Fig. 5 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel einer Zweizylinderpumpe mündet in die Förderleitung 40 hinter dem Druckstutzen des mit einem Absperrorgan 32 ausgerüsteten Materialaufgabebehälters 10 der Druckstutzen eines Hilfszylinders 84 mit relativ kleinem Fördervolumen ein. Das Fördervolumen ist so ausgelegt, daß es die beim Umschalten zwischen den beiden Förderzylindern 22′, 22˝ entstehende Förderlücke vollständig ausfüllen kann. Die Ansteuerung des Hilfszylinders 84 erfolgt durch die zentrale Steuerung für die Förderzylinder 22′, 22˝. Zum Befüllen des Hilfszylinders 84 kann während des Förderhubs eines der Förderzylinder 22′, 22˝ Material aus der Förderleitung 40 abgezweigt werden. Der Kolben 86 des Hilfszylinders 84 wird dabei entweder direkt über den Materialdruck in der Förderleitung 40 oder zwangsgesteuert zurückverschoben. Durch entsprechende Drosselung kann der Füllvorgang über längere Zeit bis zur gesamten Dauer des Förderhubs erstreckt werden, so daß die hierdurch verursachte Störung vernachlässigbar ist. Der Start des Förderhubs des Hilfszylinders 84 kann so gewählt werden, daß die Förderstromunterbrechung ausgeglichen wird. Wegen der Trägheit des Systems bedeutet dies, daß der Förderhub bereits während des Schließens des Absperrorgans 32 einsetzt. Um darüberhinaus Materialaushärtungen im Hilfszylinder zu vermeiden, muß dafür gesorgt werden, daß das gesamte Material aus dem Hilfszylinder ausgestoßen wird. In dem Diagramm nach Fig. 6 ist der Massenstrom ṁ in der Förderleitung 40 hinter dem Hilfszylinder 84 in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit t dargestellt. Die durch die beiden Förderzylinder 22′, 22˝ erzeugten Massenströme ergeben sich aus den Kurvenabschnitten 1 und 2. Beim Umschalten zwischen den Förderzylindern tritt eine Förderlücke auf, die durch die Massenförderung aus dem Hilfszylinder 84 aufgefüllt wird, wie durch den Kurventeil 3 angedeutet ist. Im Verlauf der Kurve 4 wird ein Teilstrom aus dem Massenstrom zum Befüllen des Hilfszylinders abgezweigt. Durch entsprechende Auslegung und Ansteuerung des Hilfszylinders können also die durch die Förderlücke entstehenden Unstetigkeiten im Materialstrom vollständig ausgeglichen werden.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a two-cylinder pump opens into the delivery line 40 behind the pressure port of the material feed container 10 equipped with a shut-off element 32, the pressure port of an auxiliary cylinder 84 with a relatively small delivery volume. The delivery volume is designed so that it can completely fill the delivery gap when switching between the two delivery cylinders 22 ', 22 ′. The control of the auxiliary cylinder 84 is carried out by the central control for the feed cylinder 22 ', 22˝. To fill the auxiliary cylinder 84, one of the delivery cylinders 22 ', 22' material can be branched off from the delivery line 40 during the delivery stroke. The piston 86 of the auxiliary cylinder 84 is either pushed back directly via the material pressure in the delivery line 40 or positively controlled. By appropriate throttling, the filling process can be extended over a longer period up to the entire duration of the delivery stroke, so that the disturbance caused thereby is negligible. The start of the delivery stroke of the auxiliary cylinder 84 can be selected so that the interruption in the flow of flow is compensated for. Because of the inertia of the system, this means that the delivery stroke starts already during the closing of the shut-off element 32. In addition, in order to avoid material hardening in the auxiliary cylinder, care must be taken to ensure that all of the material is expelled from the auxiliary cylinder. 6 shows the mass flow ṁ in the delivery line 40 behind the auxiliary cylinder 84 as a function of the time t. The mass flows generated by the two feed cylinders 22 ', 22' result from the curve sections 1 and 2. When switching between the feed cylinders, a delivery gap occurs which is filled by the mass delivery from the auxiliary cylinder 84, as indicated by the curve part 3. In the course of curve 4, a partial flow from the mass flow for filling the auxiliary cylinder branched off. The discontinuities in the material flow resulting from the delivery gap can be completely compensated for by appropriate design and control of the auxiliary cylinder.

Claims (27)

1. Pump for viscous material comprising at least two a alternately operating conveyor cylinders (22′, 22˝) which terminate via front-end openings (20′, 20˝) in a material supply tank (10), and with a pipe branch (12) which is arranged within the material supply tank (10), alternately connectable on the input side to the openings (20′, 20˝) of the conveyor cylinders (22′, 22˝) and which open the respective other opening (20˝, 20′) and are connectable on the outlet side to a conveyor pipe (40), and with a shut-off element (32) arranged behind the pipe branch (12), as seen in the delivery direction, characterised in that the shut-off element (32) is arranged in a space or housing (34) respectively which is separated from the material supply tank (10), and in that the space or housing (34) respectively is connected to the material supply tank (10) for the purpose of material feedback.
2. Pump for viscous material according to claim 1, characterised in that the housing (34) is separated from the material supply tank by a separating wall (16) which has a passage (60) in its lower region, and in that it comprises a housing bottom (62) which points downwards at a slant relative to the passage (60).
3. Pump for viscous material according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a forced conveyor means, preferably a feed screw, is arranged between the housing (34) and the material supply tank (10) for material feedback.
4. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the housing (34) comprises, for the purpose of retrofitting, a connecting socket which is arranged on the inlet side of the shut-off element (32) and connectable to the socket at the outlet side of the pipe branch (12), and in that it comprises a material feedback socket which is preferably connectable via a connecting channel to the bottom area of the material supply tank (10).
5. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the flow of material from the material supply tank (10) in the direction of housing (34) can be preferably automatically stopped by means of a check valve.
6. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pipe branch (12) is pivotably mounted at the outlet side in the area of a wall passage (30) at the separating wall (16), in that the conveyor pipe (40) is connected to another wall passage (36) located at an outside wall which is located opposite the separating wall (16), and in that a pipe section (pivot pipe 42; pivot body 70) is provided which forms a shut-off element (32) in the housing (34) and which is connectable to the wall passage (30, 36) and displaceable or pivotable relative to at least one of the wall passages (30, 36).
7. Pump for viscous material according to claim 6, characterised in that the pipe section is preferable arranged as an S-shaped pivot pipe (42), the outlet-sided end of which is pivotably mounted in the area of the wall passage (36) of the outside wall (38), and the inlet-sided end of which comprises a sealing plate (52) arranged at the side of its inlet opening, which plate is placed alternately with the inlet opening in front of the outlet opening (28) of the pipe branch (12) whilst the pivot pipe (42) is pivoted back and forth.
8. Pump for viscous material according to claim 7, characterised in that the substantially S-shaped bent pivot pipe (42) is additionally mounted, by means of a shaft (44) which is axially aligned to its outlet-sided end, to a pivot mount which is arranged at the separating wall (16).
9. Pump for viscous material according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the pivot pipe (42) is pivotable by means of a hydraulically operated pivot mechanism (46˝) which engages at its outlet-sided end and is preferably arranged at the outside of the housing.
10. Pump for viscous material according to claim 6, characterised in that the pipe section is formed by a pivot slide (66) with a passage (69), the pivot body (70) of which is arranged to be pivotable around an axis parallel to the passage axes of the wall passages (30, 36) in such a manner that, during pivoting back and forth, the passage (69) and a sealing member (71) of the pivot slide (66) arrive alternately in front of the openings (30′, 36′) at the side of the housing of the wall passages (30, 36).
11. Pump for viscous material according to claim 10, characterised in that wall passages (30, 36) in the separating wall (16) and in the outside wall (38) of the housing (34) are placed to be axially aligned relative to one another.
12. Pump for viscous material according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that a scuff plate (72) with a passage (74) and a sealing surface (71) is detachably arranged on at least one of the two broadside surfaces of the pivot body (70), which plate abuts with its free outside surface against a scuff ring (76) which is exchangeably arranged in the area of the adjacent wall passage (30, 36).
13. Pump for viscous material according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that a scuff plate which is provided with a passage and a sealing surface is detachably arranged on at least one wall surface inside the housing in the area of the wall passage (30, 36), the free outside surface of said plate being abutted in the area of the inlet- or outlet opening respectively of the pivot body passage (69) by an exchangeably arranged scuff ring.
14. Pump for viscous material according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that the scuff ring (76) abuts against an annular shoulder, which defines the wall openings (30, 36′) or the passage (69) respectively, with a resilient sealing ring (78) of larger inside diameter clamped thereinbetween.
15. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterised in that a blocking plate (76), which lies opposite the scuff plate (72) at least in the pivot area of the passage (69), is preferably detachably arranged laterally of the scuff ring (76), the wall thickness of said plate corresponding somewhat undersized substantially to the protruding height of the scuff ring (76).
16. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterised in that the scuff plate (72) and/or the blocking plate (80) are of a kidney-shaped outline.
17. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 10 to 16, characterised in that the pivot body (70) is non-rotatably connected to a driveshaft which is the pivot axis (44′) and pivoted by a hydraulically operated drive mechanism (46˝) which is preferably arranged at the housing exterior.
18. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the shut-off element is transferred from its shut position into its open position in dependence on in adjustable pre-compression pressure in the pipe branch.
19. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the shut-off element is transferred from its shut position into its open position in dependence on an adjustable differential pressure between the conveyor pipe (40) and the pipe branch (12).
20. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterised in that the shut-off element is transferred from the shut position into the open position on reaching a pre-compression pressure in the pipe branch (12) corresponding to the pressure in the conveyor pipe (40).
21. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that the shut-off element in its shut position is restrictedly slideable in the direction of its pivot axis under the effects of the pressure difference between pipe branch (12) and conveyor pipe (40), and in that a sensor (88) corresponding to the sliding position is provided for transferring the shut-off element from the shut position into the open position.
22. Pump for viscous material according to one of claim 1 to 21, characterised in that behind the shut-off element (32), as seen in the conveying direction, is arranged an auxiliary cylinder (84) which terminates with its pressure socket directly in the conveyor pipe (40) and the displacement of which is a fraction of the displacement of the two conveyor cylinders (22′, 22˝), and which is actuated for executing a conveyor stroke whilst the shut-off element (32) is shut, and which is subsequent to the conveyor stroke loaded with conveyor material from the conveyor pipe (40) whilst carrying out a feed stroke.
23. Pump for viscous arterial according to claim 22, characterised in that the auxiliary cylinder (84) terminates in the conveyor pipe (40) with one component at a slant in the conveying direction.
24. Pump for viscous material according to claim 22 or 23, characterised in that the conveyor stroke of the auxiliary cylinder (84) is apportioned so that the conveying gap between conveyor strokes of the two conveyor cylinders (22′, 22˝) during the shut-off period can be compensated relative to conveyor quantity and conveyor time.
25. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterised in that the conveyor stroke of the auxiliary cylinder (84) is initiated prior to complete shut-off of the shut-off element (32).
26. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterised in that the feed stroke of the auxiliary cylinder (84) is initiated after opening the shut-off element (34), preferably after it has been completely emptied.
27. Pump for viscous material according to one of claims 22 to 26, characterised in that the feed stroke of the auxiliary cylinder (84) is automatically carried out under the effects of the pressure in the conveyor pipe.
EP88114734A 1987-11-12 1988-09-09 Pump for viscous material Expired - Lifetime EP0315750B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3738359 1987-11-12
DE19873738359 DE3738359A1 (en) 1987-11-12 1987-11-12 FUEL PUMP

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0315750A1 EP0315750A1 (en) 1989-05-17
EP0315750B1 true EP0315750B1 (en) 1991-07-10

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EP88114734A Expired - Lifetime EP0315750B1 (en) 1987-11-12 1988-09-09 Pump for viscous material

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EP (1) EP0315750B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3738359A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2024604B3 (en)

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JPS55140892A (en) * 1979-04-19 1980-11-04 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Musical tone controller for electronic musical instrument
DE4208754A1 (en) * 1992-03-19 1993-09-23 Schwing Gmbh F DICKER PUMP WITH CONVEYOR CYLINDER, IN PARTICULAR TWO-CYLINDER CONCRETE PUMP
US5422323A (en) * 1994-04-15 1995-06-06 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Nonhazardous pumpable refractory insulating composition
DE19957337A1 (en) * 1999-11-29 2001-05-31 Hudelmaier Joerg Pump for viscous material has charging pressure device separate from pump unit near suction line that actively causes compression of viscous material
DE102005008938B4 (en) * 2005-02-26 2007-01-25 Schwing, Friedrich, Dipl.-Ing. Pumping device and method for the continuous delivery pulpy masses
DE102006028329A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2007-12-27 Schwing Gmbh Two-cylinder thick matter pump with two diverter valves
DE102010046649A1 (en) 2010-09-27 2012-03-29 Schwing Gmbh Slurry pump, particularly concrete pump has pumping device for continuous feeding of slurry, particularly concrete, where piston-cylinder unit is concentrically arranged around conveying line section of conveying line
CN108825819A (en) * 2018-05-04 2018-11-16 信易电热机械有限公司 A kind of automatic distributor
EP3894701A1 (en) 2018-12-14 2021-10-20 Schwing GmbH Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump
DE102018132309A1 (en) * 2018-12-14 2020-06-18 Schwing Gmbh Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump
DE102018132270A1 (en) * 2018-12-14 2020-06-18 Schwing Gmbh Piston pump and method for operating a piston pump

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US2448104A (en) * 1945-12-06 1948-08-31 Chain Belt Co Differential concrete pump
US3663129A (en) * 1970-09-18 1972-05-16 Leon A Antosh Concrete pump
US3963385A (en) * 1975-05-05 1976-06-15 Caban Angel M Valve assembly for concrete pumps
DE2729159A1 (en) * 1977-06-28 1979-01-11 Rotacrete Ltd Reciprocating pump for concrete - has two cylinders performing alternate suction and delivery strokes and curved pipe from hopper
DE2909964A1 (en) * 1979-03-14 1980-09-25 Schwing Gmbh F DICKER PUMP, ESPECIALLY FOR CONCRETE
DE3512946A1 (en) * 1985-04-11 1986-10-16 Preussag Ag Metall, 3380 Goslar DEVICE FOR PROMOTING DENSITY SUSPENSIONS AND METHOD FOR THEIR OPERATION

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DE3863624D1 (en) 1991-08-14
DE3738359A1 (en) 1989-05-24
EP0315750A1 (en) 1989-05-17
ES2024604B3 (en) 1992-03-01

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