EP2361212B1 - Moyen porteur d'ascenseur, procédé de fabrication d'un tel moyen porteur et installation d'ascenseur dotée d'un tel moyen porteur d'ascenseur - Google Patents

Moyen porteur d'ascenseur, procédé de fabrication d'un tel moyen porteur et installation d'ascenseur dotée d'un tel moyen porteur d'ascenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2361212B1
EP2361212B1 EP09793542.3A EP09793542A EP2361212B1 EP 2361212 B1 EP2361212 B1 EP 2361212B1 EP 09793542 A EP09793542 A EP 09793542A EP 2361212 B1 EP2361212 B1 EP 2361212B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elevator
suspension means
tension member
support means
strands
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP09793542.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2361212A1 (fr
Inventor
Florian Dold
Reinhard Glienke
Guntram Begle
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Publication date
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Priority to EP09793542.3A priority Critical patent/EP2361212B1/fr
Publication of EP2361212A1 publication Critical patent/EP2361212A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B66B7/062—Belts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices
    • D07B7/14—Machine details; Auxiliary devices for coating or wrapping ropes, cables, or component strands thereof
    • D07B7/145—Coating or filling-up interstices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1004—General structure or appearance
    • D07B2201/1008—Several parallel ropes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1012—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure
    • D07B2201/1016—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure characterised by the use of different strands
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2023—Strands with core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/2087—Jackets or coverings being of the coated type
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2015—Killing or avoiding twist
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a support means for moving and / or carrying an elevator car in an elevator installation, as well as a corresponding elevator installation.
  • Elevator systems of the type according to the invention usually have an elevator car and usually a counterweight connected to the elevator car, which can be moved in an elevator shaft or along free-standing guide devices.
  • the elevator installation has at least one drive with at least one traction sheave each, which interacts with the elevator car and optionally with the counterweight via drive and / or suspension means.
  • the suspension means carry the elevator car and optionally the counterweight and the drive means transmit the required driving forces to them.
  • the drive means also takes over the supporting function at the same time. In the following, therefore, for the sake of simplicity, the carrying and / or drive means will only be referred to as suspension means.
  • the suspension element is an essential element in an elevator installation. Its design, in particular its weight, its Leksssteifftechnik, traction and Biege Cartfestmaschine affect the design of the entire system, for example, in their space and energy consumption and maintenance. In the past 10 to 20 years, various attempts have been made to replace the classic "steel cable" suspension by lift support means with lower bend diameter and higher traction.
  • the tension member has a plastic matrix, preferably of epoxy, with glass or carbon fibers embedded therein parallel and embedded in the longitudinal direction of the tension member.
  • Such a suspension should have a very low weight and a high dimensional and temperature stability.
  • EP1905891 discloses a flat elastomeric sheath and tension member made of cords stranded synthetic fibers such as aramid, polyethylene, polyester, Vectran® embedded in a polyurethane matrix.
  • the present invention has as its object to provide a suspension means with low weight and good traction characteristics available and show an elevator system that can be operated with such a support means with low maintenance, long life and high efficiency.
  • this object is achieved by the features of the support means specified in claim 1, as well as an elevator system with such a support means according to the features of claim 9.
  • the elevator support means for carrying and / or moving at least one elevator car in an elevator installation is adapted to run over at least one disc and to be in traction engagement and driveability when running over a traction sheave of a prime mover of the elevator installation.
  • the support means has a jacket made of a polymer and at least one embedded in the shell body, extending in the longitudinal direction of the support means tensile carrier.
  • the tension member comprises at least one strand of stranded wire with an elementary diameter ⁇ whose yarns are formed from filaments of synthetic and / or mineral fiber material.
  • the elevator installation comprises at least one pane over which the suspension element is guided, which moves at least one elevator cage.
  • the support means also moves a counterweight.
  • the at least one disc in the elevator system is a traction sheave, which belongs to a drive machine and is driven by this rotating.
  • the guided over the traction sheave support means is moved by means of traction of the traction sheave and transmits this movement to the connected to the suspension means car and possibly the counterweight.
  • the suspension element not only transmits the movement to the cabin and possibly the counterweight, but at the same time carries it.
  • the elementary diameter ⁇ of the thickest strand of the tension member is selected as a function of the maximum elongation at break of the tensile material and adapted to the diameter of the smallest disc of the elevator installation, taking particular care that the bending in the strand with the largest imposed on the tension member by the smallest disc Diameter causes an elongation which is smaller than the maximum elongation at break of the strand.
  • the tensile carrier material is selected from high-strength fiber materials.
  • the tensile carrier made of such material may be in the form of a strand or in the form of strands stranded into a cord.
  • the strands of fiber material stranded into a cord can have different diameters or, preferably, they can all be of the same thickness and have the same diameter.
  • the cords are made by single or double stranding of strands.
  • a strand comprises stranded yarns, which in turn are constructed of unstretched or undirectional fibers.
  • a cord is constructed from stranded strands, with single-stranded or double-stranded cords being preferred and, in particular, cords having one or two or three strand layers being used. In individual cases, more than three layers of strands may be provided or a higher stranding, but this usually makes special provisions for wear necessary.
  • the yarns or strands are impregnated with an impregnating agent.
  • the polymer-based impregnant forms a matrix in which the fibers are embedded so that they are protected from wear and abrasion.
  • incorporation of the fibers into the matrix facilitates workability (stranding) and improves the adhesion of the sheath material to the tension members formed from the fibers.
  • Suitable impregnating / matrix materials are: polyurethanes, in particular water-soluble or solvent-soluble polyurethanes, and also epoxides and certain rubber-like elastomers, such as EPDM, wherein the impregnating agent is adapted to the fiber material and the jacket material.
  • polyurethanes in particular water-soluble or solvent-soluble polyurethanes, and also epoxides and certain rubber-like elastomers, such as EPDM, wherein the impregnating agent is adapted to the fiber material and the jacket material.
  • epoxides are well suited as a matrix material for mineral fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers;
  • soluble polyurethanes are particularly suitable for some synthetic fibers such as polyamide fibers, Zylon and others.
  • the matrix content is between 5% and 45% based on the cured composite material of fibers and matrix.
  • the hardness of the cured matrix material is between 40 Shore A and 60 Shore D and can be controlled primarily by the percentage of matrix in the composite but also by additives such as plasticizers.
  • matrix lubrication e.g. PTFE powder
  • matrix lubrication e.g. PTFE powder
  • PTFE yarns used for tension members in strand form or strands of tension members in cord form, which are in direct contact with the jacket or with the material of the suspension element body.
  • polyethylene fibers in the tensile carrier can be provided very advantageously, since these fibers also have a lubricating effect to a certain extent, which protects the strands against wear.
  • polyethylene fibers may be provided inside a strand or a cord, and their lubricating effect may be usefully employed there.
  • Fiber materials Glass fibers of different quality and composition, such as E glass or S glass, polyethylenes (eg Dyneema® or Spectra®), polyesters, in particular LCP (Liquid Cristal Polymer, especially Celanese Acetate, such as Vectran®) , Nylon, basalt, aramid (eg, Kevlar®, Technora®, and Twaron®), PBO (poly (benzoxazoles), such as Zylon®), and M5 (poly- [diimidazo-pyridinylene (dihydroxy) phenylene] and carbon fibers, also known as
  • so-called hybrid fibers ie commercial fiber mixtures such as K-Spectra® can be used.
  • An optimization of the tensile carriers can be done not only by the choice of commercially available hybrid fibers but also by a specific combination of fibers of different fiber materials in a tensile carrier, especially in combination with a specific space allocation of different fibers within yarns, strands and cords. In this way, tension members can be obtained with properties ideally matched to the respective mechanical requirements.
  • a fibrous material with a large elongation at break is provided inside the strand, in the layer above a fibrous material having a smaller elongation at break.
  • Strands of this type are preferably taken separately as a tensile carrier in a suspension means.
  • cords can also be formed from such strands and these cords can then be used as tension members in a suspension element of an elevator installation.
  • a core of a fiber material is provided inside the cord, which has a greater elongation at break than the fiber material in the outer strands.
  • the elongation at break of the various strands is realized in a cord instead of over the fiber material by different lay lengths of the yarns in the strands.
  • the strand or strands forming the core of the cord are then stranded with a shorter lay length than the strands in the overlying strand layers.
  • cords for high-life elevator means but also strands for high-life elevator means can be produced: the yarns inside the strand are then stranded with a shorter twist length than the yarns capable of over it.
  • tension members in the form of cords particularly low-tensile tensile carriers result when the yarns of the strands are stranded in the opposite direction than the strands in the cord.
  • Particularly high breaking forces result for such tensile carriers, when the lay length of the yarns in the strands, is matched to the lay length of the strands in the cord, that the fibers are aligned approximately straight in the tension member.
  • Cords with cord congurations 1 + 6 (one central strand, six outer strands), Warrington configuration or Warrington-Seale configuration have proven to be very suitable. It should be noted here that with regard to the nomenclature of the cord configuration, essentially the nomenclature of the steel wire ropes has been used (see EN12385-2: 2002). The wires in the nomenclature of Drahtseilnorm be replaced in the present case, however, by strands, which are formed from stranded yarns of filaments.
  • strands as a tensile carrier is a very cost-effective compared to stranded or braided cords, since a production step is eliminated.
  • tension members are therefore preferably used in cooperation with large traction sheaves, since the bending stresses occurring here are relatively small.
  • spaced strands as a tensile carrier in the body or shell tends to be a softer, less abrasion resistant matrix material can be used, because there is no relative movement between touching strands occurs.
  • a harder, abrasion-resistant matrix is required, since the cord is subjected to relative movements from strand to strand.
  • the result of a softer matrix material is a flexurally soft strand, since the stresses that occur can be broken down more easily by strains in the matrix material.
  • the hardness of the matrix material is generally in the range of 50 Shore A to 54 Shore D.
  • the suspension element exhibits, in addition to at least one of the properties described above, a tension member in which the strands are at least 0.03 mm apart from each other, at least in an outermost position. The distance is greater, the greater the viscosity of the polymer embedding the tension member when embedding the tension member.
  • the suspension element has more than one tension carrier extending in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element, wherein the tension members, viewed in the width of the suspension element, are arranged next to one another in a plane.
  • the load must be absorbed by the individual tension members in the support means distributed to the plurality of tension members, which thus each have a lower elongation at break and thus a smaller diameter than a support means with a single tension member of the same material.
  • the surface pressure can be distributed relatively evenly over all tension members, which increases the service life and ensures a smoother running of the suspension element over the discs. Due to the number of tensile carriers in a suspension means, the support means breaking forces can be scaled well.
  • the single-stranded strands are struck S or Z, that is to say left or right-handed, the double-stranded cords corresponding to SZ or ZS (for nomenclature, see EN 12385-2: 2002).
  • cords and strands (even those that are declared as "low-revving” or “rotation-free") always have a certain amount of torque.
  • the overall torque is zero and the suspension element as a whole therefore is free of rotation. The easiest way to achieve this is when an equal number of left-handed and right-handed tensile carriers are provided with magnitude equal in terms of torques in the support means (even number of tensile carriers).
  • the suspension element has a plurality of the tension members described above, wherein preferably all tension members have the same cord or strand configuration so that the load-bearing strength, stress ratios and elongation properties of all tension members are the same.
  • the support means comprises a plurality of tension members with different cord or strand configurations, the configurations with their specific properties being adapted to the position in the suspension element (central or external). This can be advantageous if the stresses on the tension members despite the arrangement in a plane position-dependent large deviations.
  • the jacket body of the suspension element is made of a polymer, preferably an elastomer.
  • Elastomers can be adjusted in their hardness and bring in addition to the necessary hardness at the same time a sufficiently high wear resistance and elasticity.
  • the temperature and weathering resistance and other properties of the elastomers also increase the service life of the suspension element. If the elastomer is also a thermoplastic elastomer, the suspension element with its body and the embedded tension members can be produced in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner, for example by extrusion.
  • the suspension element can be made of a single elastomer or of different elastomers, e.g. layered, with different properties.
  • polyurethanes in particular thermoplastic, ether-based polyurethanes
  • Polyamides in particular based on polyamide 11 / polyamide 12 (PEBAX®)
  • Polyester in particular TPC (copolyester-based thermoplastic elastomers, for example Hytrel®), and natural and synthetic rubber, in particular NBR, HNBR, EPM and EPDM as the material for the body of the suspension element. especially good.
  • chloroprene can be used in the body especially as an adhesive.
  • the traction side and / or the back of the suspension element with a coating.
  • This coating can be applied, for example by flocking or extrusion, or even be sprayed, laminated or glued. It preferably comprises a fabric of natural fibers, such as hemp or cotton, or of synthetic fibers, such as for example, nylon, polyester, PVC, PTFE, PAN, polyamide, or a mixture of two or more of these types of fibers.
  • the suspension element is designed on one side as a traction side, which has a plurality of ribs running parallel in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element.
  • the support means also has more than one in the longitudinal direction of the support means extending tension members.
  • the traction sheave of the elevator system then has such grooves.
  • the grooves of the elevator discs and the ribs of the support means are matched to one another such that the support means is well guided in the / the discs and results in a traction-promoting wedge effect on the traction sheave in the frictional interaction of ribs and grooves.
  • the latter arises in particular when the tips of the V-ribs of the support means are not in contact with the groove bottom of the grooves of the traction sheave, so that the forces are transmitted only over flanks of the ribs or grooves. This is achieved by making the grooves e.g. undercut are executed.
  • ribs on the traction side of the suspension element and the grooves of the traction sheave are of the same wedge-shaped, in particular triangular or trapezoidal cross-section and with a flank angle ⁇ or ⁇ 'in the range of 81 ° to 120 °, more preferably from 83 ° to 105 ° or 85 ° to 95 ° and best formed 90 °.
  • the acute angle improves the leadership of the suspension element, especially in diagonal pull.
  • the traction sheave is provided with a deeper groove bottom, so that a wedge effect results when the grooves interact with the ribs, the traction is significantly increased and can be adjusted depending on the selected wedge angle of the ribs or grooves.
  • other sheaves may also be provided with corresponding grooves which correspond to the ribs of the suspension element on its traction side.
  • the grooves of these discs do not have to have a deeper groove bottom.
  • the load distribution can be improved if, given two tension members per rib, the tension members are each arranged in the region of the vertical projection P of an edge of the rib. In particular, the tension members should then be arranged centrally above the projection of the flank.
  • three tension members per rib are provided. Again, the load distribution can be further improved if the respectively provided on the lateral rib edge tension members are arranged in the region of the vertical projection P of a flank of the rib.
  • each rib of the support means is assigned exactly one tension member, since the forces from the flanks act uniformly from both sides on this one tension member.
  • tensile straps with a larger diameter can also be used in such an embodiment than in embodiments with a plurality of tension carriers per rib, without negatively influencing the running properties.
  • a very uniform distribution of forces on all tensile carriers of the suspension element can be achieved with a tension member per rib, if it is arranged centrally with respect to the two rib edges.
  • the suspension element has exactly two ribs on the traction side.
  • Such a suspension means offers in addition to the advantages of having a V-ribbed belt, the advantage that the number of suspension elements can be tuned very accurately to the load to be carried in the elevator.
  • the suspension element with the exactly two ribs on the traction side has a guide rib on its rear side opposite the traction side, in order to guide it in the case of counterbending via a correspondingly designed disk with guide groove without having to take additional measures for a lateral guidance of the suspension element.
  • such a support means may also be higher than wide, whereby upon bending higher internal stress in the support center body arise, which reduces the risk of Verkleminens the support means in a grooved disc.
  • the number of tensile carriers per rib can also be chosen to be much higher with a correspondingly small strand diameter. This can also go so far that the individual tension members are no longer spaced apart by jacket material in the suspension means but are packed tightly packed in a plane.
  • the indicator elements may be in the form of an electrically conductive, metallic wire or in the form of electrically conductive fibers (basalt, carbon) as yarn (s) or strand (s).
  • Indicator elements may be stranded with the yarns and / or strands in the tension members or helically wrapped around them. They may also be embedded parallel to the tension member together with it or separately from it in the jacket material.
  • the one or more indicator elements extend over the entire length of the support means and are contacted by metrology at least at one end. Electrically conductive indicator elements can be used for resistance measurements or temperature measurements for monitoring the tension members or also for monitoring the jacket condition. Details of the resistance measurement are in the EP Application No. 08172489.0 the applicant discloses.
  • optically conductive elements can also be integrated into the tension members, in particular for the tension member monitoring, which then permit monitoring by means of light signals.
  • the monitoring of a Biege Lobby- and / or trip counter is possible:
  • the number of bending changes, which has completed the support means counted. From life tests the breaking force degradation of the suspension element is known and it can after a certain number of bending changes on the suspension element state getting closed. Details of the change counter can be found in the EP Application No. 08160740.0 the applicant.
  • the suspension element comprises more than one tension member extending in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element, and if these tensile elements are arranged side by side, viewed in the width of the suspension element, then pulleys with smaller pulley diameters and a smaller, lighter motor can generally be used in the elevator installation the use of support means of equal capacity, the only one tension member or more tension members in different "layers" - viewed from the axis of rotation of a disc radially outward - have one above the other. In this way space and costs can be saved.
  • the traction sheave is the smallest disc of the elevator installation. If the traction sheave is arranged directly on a shaft of the drive motor, then the drive can be built very compact without a gear. Assembly and production are particularly simple if the traction sheave is formed integrally with a shaft of the drive motor.
  • the elevator system includes only the traction sheave (1: 1 suspension) or even various other discs over which the support means is performed.
  • These discs may be deflecting discs, guide discs, car washers, counterweight washers.
  • preference is given to disks with small diameters and, in relation to smaller, lighter engines, in particular also traction disks with small diameters.
  • the latter can be made particularly advantageous integrally with the shaft of the motor.
  • the number of discs and their diameters depend on the suspension and the composition of the individual components of an elevator in the elevator shaft. So it may happen that the discs have different diameters in an elevator system.
  • the discs can be both larger and smaller than the traction sheave. If we talk about disks here, they can not only be disc-shaped but they can also be formed in a cylindrical shape, similar to a shaft. Their function is independent of this design issue, a deflection, carrying or driving the suspension.
  • the life of the support means can be more accurately predetermined and monitored: the former, for example, by adjusting the elementary diameter of the thickest strand in a tension member to the smallest disc diameter of the elevator installation in which it is to be used; through accurate and permanent monitoring of shell condition and tensile state; through the use of tension members in which the filaments tear at the same time; by the exact matching of geometries and materials of the suspension element and the discs in the elevator system and the resulting low wear.
  • the more accurate predictability of the life and thus the Ablegereife together with the permanent and comprehensive support means monitoring make it possible to design a lift without a loss of security with smaller rope safety, namely with rope safety factors between 8 and smaller 12. This lowers the cost price, maintenance and energy requirements and increases the economy of the plant.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows a section through an elevator installation 19 according to the invention in an elevator shaft 1. Shown are essentially a drive unit 2 arranged at the top in the elevator shaft 1 with a traction sheave 4.1 and an elevator car 3 guided on car guide rails 5 with cabin sheaves mounted below the cabin floor 6 4.2. In addition, a guided counterweight guide rails 7 counterweight 8 with a Jacobisstragin 4.3 and a support means 12 which carries the elevator car 3 and the counterweight 8 and at the same time transmits the driving force of the traction sheave 4.1 of the drive unit 2 to the elevator car 3 and the counterweight 8. It can be provided as well as non-positive drives. On the traction side, ie toward the traction sheave, the elevator support means 12 can have one or more smooth or profiled surfaces.
  • support means 12 are in Fig. 1 denotes at least two elements that carry the cabin and the counterweight and move driven by the traction sheave. In addition, these are simply referred to as suspension means 12, although they exercise not only supporting but also driving function.
  • suspension means is used below in the singular, it is clear to the elevator expert that, for safety reasons, at least two suspension elements 12 are generally present in an elevator installation. Depending on the cabin weight, suspension and carrying capacity of the support means 12, these can be used parallel to one another and running in the same direction or else in another configuration. Two or more parallel and running in the same direction support means 12 may be combined to form a suspension element strand.
  • the suspension element 12 has a jacket body 15 made of a polymer into which at least one tension member 22 extending in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element 12 is embedded.
  • the tension member 22 has at least one stranded wire strand 50, wherein the yarns comprise filaments of synthetic and / or mineral fiber material.
  • the elongation at break values of the fiber manufacturers can be calculated.
  • the strands 50 with elementary diameter ⁇ are subjected to tensile tests according to ASTM D 2256.
  • the following fiber materials have proven to be suitable: E glass, S glass, basalt, carbon, polyethylene, in particular HMPE, polyester, in particular LCP and TLCP, PVC, PTFE, PAN, nylon; Polyamide, in particular aramid, PBO (poly (benzoxazole)), M5 ((poly- [dümidazo pyridinylene (dihydroxy) phenylene], PIPD for short), hybrid fibers, which are already available as such.
  • the tension members or the fiber material of the tension members is impregnated for a better abrasion resistance and a better adhesion to the jacket material.
  • impregnation or as a matrix material e.g. Polyurethanes, epoxies and impregnating agents based on chloroprene or rubber used.
  • the impregnating agents are usually emulsions or solutions with aqueous or organic solvent.
  • Epoxies have proven to be very advantageous as impregnating agents for glass, basalt and carbon fibers, which also allow good bonding to polyurethane (PU) and polyamide-based or rubber-based sheath materials.
  • Glass fibers can also be incorporated very well into rubber-like casing materials if they are impregnated with a rubber solution or the tensile carrier is coated with an adhesion layer of a rubber solution or latex (resorcinol formaldehyde latex).
  • Polyurethane-based impregnating agents are also suitable for bonding to PU-based or polyamide-based casing materials, but they are better impregnated with synthetic fiber materials such as M5.
  • Polyamide, in particular aramid, polyester and polyethylene interact.
  • elastomers have proven to be a suitable jacket material for the body 15 of the suspension element 12.
  • elastomeric polyurethanes in particular thermoplastic, ether-based polyurethanes; Polyamides, in particular polyether block amides (PEBAX®); Polyester, especially TPC (e.g., Hytrel®); natural and synthetic rubber, in particular NBR, HNBR, EPM and EPDM.
  • Chloroprene can also be used in the shell body 15.
  • This elastomer has also proven to be particularly useful as an adhesive between tension members and rubbery elastomeric sheath materials such as rubber, NBR, EPDM.
  • the various polymers may be flexibilized, be provided with temperature stabilizers and / or UV stabilizers, be mixed with flame retardants and herbicides, etc. and / or, where necessary, be weather and hydrolysis resistant.
  • FIG. 2a Perspective shows a portion of an embodiment of a support means 12 according to the invention, in which the support means 12 is formed as a flat belt and is configured both on its traction side 18 and on its opposite side of the traction side 17 with a flat surface.
  • Tension members 22 according to the invention are arranged next to one another in a plane. They are embedded at uniform intervals in the polymer of the sheath body 15 of the support means 12 and selected in number and in their torques so that cancel their torques over the entire support means 12. The material of the sheath body 15 is located between the tension members 22 and around each tension member 22 around.
  • the illustrated suspension element 12 is multi-layered.
  • On the traction side 18 is located above the polymer of the base body 15, a harder support layer 15 a, which is provided with a coating 62 of wear-resistant fabric 61.
  • the hard support layer 15a is advantageous with respect to a uniform force distribution in the support means 12 when running over the traction sheave 4.1.
  • the wear-resistant coating 62 with the fabric 61 protects against abrasion.
  • a softer cover layer 15b is provided, at least in relation to the base layer 15a, which permits low-noise running over pulleys 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 of the elevator installation 19 under counterbending.
  • a coating 62 containing, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene reduces the friction in running of the support means 12 via these discs 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 under counter-bending, which further improves the low-noise and low-wear sliding and rolling over these discs.
  • the thickness of the individual layers is not shown to scale and is selected according to the requirements.
  • Supporting means 12 as in Fig. 2a, 2b are preferably used in elevator systems 19, which are equipped with flat and / or cambered disks 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, and which, depending on requirements and flanged wheels for better guidance.
  • FIGS Fig. 3a, 3b Another example of a suspension means according to the invention is shown in FIGS Fig. 3a, 3b shown.
  • the support means 12 is formed as a V-ribbed belt with a flat back 17 and a traction side 18 provided with ribs 20.
  • tensile carriers 22 which are arranged in a plane next to each other and spaced from each other.
  • the ribs 20, viewed in cross section instead of trapezoidal ( 2a ) also triangular ( Fig. 3b left) or triangular with a rounded tip ( Fig. 3b right).
  • Pro rib 20 of the designed as a V-ribbed belt support means 12 two inventive tension members 22 are provided, which are each arranged centrally above a projection surface 70 of a flank 24 of the rib 20 of the support means 12.
  • Per rib 20 of the support means 12 is ever one in its overall torque dextrorotatory tension member 22, designated "R”, and in its overall torque left-turning tension member 22, designated “L”, is provided. In this way, the torques of the individual tension members 22 cancel each other out approximately and the suspension element 12 is almost free of torque.
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a V-ribbed belt 12 according to the present invention, which comprises a belt body 15 and a plurality of tension members 22 embedded therein.
  • the belt body 15 is made of an elastic material such as natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as NBR, HNBR, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), etc.
  • synthetic elastomers Polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polychloroprene (CR), polyurethane (PU) and especially for easier processing and thermoplastic elastomers, such as ether or ester-based thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) can be used as material for the Sheath body 15 can be used.
  • the body 15 is made of ether-based thermoplastic PU.
  • Fig. 4 the interaction of suspension elements 12 with traction-side V-ribs 20 with traction sheaves 4.1 of elevator systems will be described, which have grooves 35 formed in their periphery substantially opposite to the ribs 20.
  • the grooves 35 of such a traction sheave 4.1 advantageously have a groove bottom 36, which is lower than the tips of the engaging ribs 20 of the V-ribbed belt 12, which are flattened trapezoidal in this example. Because of the lower groove base 36 act in the region of the traction sheave 4.1 only flanks 24 of the ribs 20 of the V-ribbed belt 12 with flanks 38 of the grooves 35 of the traction sheave 4.1 together.
  • a wedge effect is created, which improves the traction capability. Further, the wedge effect can be improved if the lying between the grooves 35 of the traction sheave 4.1 circumferentially extending ridges 37 of the traction sheave 4.1 are slightly less high than the recesses 26 between the ribs 20 of the support means 12 are deep. In this way, results in the meeting of the recesses 26 with the elevations 38, a cavity 28. As a result, forces are effective only on the flanks 24 of the ribs 20 and the flanks 38 of the grooves 35.
  • the support disks 4.2, 4.3 and guide disks 4.4 advantageously have grooves 35 without underlying groove bottom 36 and elevations 38 which are the same dimensions as the recesses 26 of the support means 12 on its traction side 18. This reduces the risk that the suspension means in the disk 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 jams and ensures good guidance with less traction.
  • This coating 62 may be applied, for example by flocking or extrusion, or be sprayed, laminated or glued. It may also preferably be a fabric 61 of natural fibers such as hemp or cotton, or of synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, PVC, PTFE, PAN, polyamide or a blend of two or more of these types of fibers. The fabric 61 may in turn be soaked or coated, for example, to achieve better adhesion with the underlying material of the body or / or with PTFE portions to obtain better sliding properties against wheels of the elevator installation.
  • the support means 12 in Fig. 4 is provided on its back 17 with a nylon fabric 61 which is impregnated with a PTFE solution and coated with a polyurethane-based adhesive to better bond it to the jacket body 15, which in this example consists essentially of ether-based polyurethane to be able to.
  • the PU coating is quickly removed by wear and stabilized in nylon fabric 61 PTFE impregnant improved in further operation, the sliding properties of the support means back 17 relative to the discs 4.2, 4.3, 4.4.
  • the tension members 22 are each arranged centrally above the vertical projection 70 of a flank 24 of the rib 20 ( Fig. 3b ).
  • a further embodiment of a support means 12 according to the invention is shown, in which the support means 12 on the traction side 18 per rib 20 only has a tension member 22 made of fiber material.
  • the tensile carriers 22 can be selected to be larger in diameter with only one tensile member 22 per rib 20 than in the examples in which two tensile members 22 are provided per rib 20. Larger diameters of the tension members 22 increase the load capacity of the tension members 22 with the same strength of the fibers, the latter simplifies or even allows the use of cords 9 stranded from strands 50 as tension members 22.
  • the overall thickness of the suspension element 12 can be kept slightly lower.
  • the tension members 22 are arranged centrally with respect to the tip of the rib 20. This central arrangement of the tension member 22 in the rib 20 ensures optimum power transmission via the rib flanks 24 between the tension member 22 and a traction sheave 4.1 an elevator system 19th
  • the tension members 22 are formed in this example as a simple stranded cords 9 with a central strand 40 and six around the central strand 40 stranded outer strands 44 (see also this Fig. 7 ), which is referred to briefly as 1 + 6 strand configuration. Also from the representation of Fig. 5 It can be seen that the tension members 22 are distributed alternately as left-handed (marking with S) and right-handed (marking with Z) cords 9 on the ribs 20.
  • Fig. 7 are the cords 9 that are in Fig. 5 used as tension members 22 are shown again larger.
  • the cords 9 are stranded in such a way that the yarns of the central strand 40 and the yarns of the outer strands 44 are left-handed (S), the outer strands 44 finally being twisted around the central strand 40 (Z), resulting in a total of a right-handed (Z).
  • Cord 9 results.
  • the direction of impact of the yarns and the strands are to be reversed accordingly.
  • Cords are also conceivable in which the direction of impact of the yarns in the strands goes in the same direction as the direction of impact of the strands in the cord.
  • the yarns in the strands are stranded left-hand (S) and the strands in the cords are also stranded.
  • S left-hand
  • the strands in the cords are also stranded.
  • the direction of impact of the yarns and the strands must be reversed accordingly.
  • the diameter of the central strand 40 chosen larger than the diameter of the outer strands 44, so that the outer strands 44 are present in the circumferential direction at a distance 60 to each other in the cord 9.
  • This distance 60 allows penetration of the cladding material in the cord 9 and thus better integration of the tension member 9/22 in a sheath body 15. It has been found that the distance 60 should be at least 0.03mm in the presently proposed as sheath material polymers, wherein the distance should be greater, the greater the viscosity of the cladding material when applying the cladding material to the tension member 22.
  • a tension member 22 for elevator support means 12 are simple stranded cords 9 according Fig. 7 suitable, instead of 6 outer strands 44 have a number n of outer strands 44, wherein n is preferably an integer between 3 and 10.
  • the central strand 40 preferably has a smaller diameter than the five outer strands 44 outside.
  • the lay length of the cord is 3 to 12 times the diameter of the tension member.
  • the hardness of the matrix varies between 50 Shore D and 75 Shore D. In the case of tensile carriers 22 present as cords 9, larger matrix hardnesses with higher abrasion resistance are required since the cord 9 experiences a wear-related relative movement of the strands 50, 40, 44 with one another.
  • a very simple cord 9 which can be made well from fibrous material of the type proposed and which can be well integrated into a sheath material, is disclosed in US Pat Fig. 6 shown.
  • three strands 50 are stranded with the same diameter either left-handed or right-handed with each other, the yarns of the strands are beaten in each case in the opposite direction to the stranding of the strands 50 advantageously.
  • Fig. 11 is a development of the tension member 22 from Fig. 6 shown.
  • fillers 30 are provided which increase the stability of the cord 9 and, as appropriate Diameter can also contribute to a better integration of the cord 9 in a jacket material.
  • the electrically conductive material such as carbon fibers or metal wires, especially copper or silver wires, or optically conductive material, such as fine glass cable , are made.
  • Such indicator elements are used together with corresponding sensors for monitoring the elevator support means.
  • such indicator element can either be stranded in a tensile carrier or helically wound around it. But they can also be stretched out parallel with him or separated from him embedded in the jacket material.
  • Fig. 8 are indicated in the outer strands 44/50 indicator elements 72 by a dot.
  • the indicator elements 72 in this example are stranded with the corresponding yarns in the outer strands 44.
  • tension members 22 are double-stranded cords 9.
  • Fig. 8 is a development of the CORD 9 off Fig. 7 in that sense that the Cord 9 is off Fig. 7 serves as a core 41 around which an outer strand layer 48 is stranded with outer strands 44, wherein the direction of impact of the yarns in the strands of the direction of impact of the strands in the cord or opposite to the soul is chosen.
  • the number n of the outer strands 44 in this example is 12, but may also be an integer between 3 and 20.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 shown two-stranded cords 9 have as soul 41 three stranded core strands 42 (see also Fig. 6 ) around which an outer strand layer 48 is stranded with outer strands 44.
  • the direction of impact of the yarns is in turn chosen opposite to the direction of impact of the strands.
  • Fig. 9 are 8 outer strands 44 and in the example of Fig. 10 7 outer strands 44 have hit the soul 41.
  • the number n of the outer strands 44 can also be an integer between 3 and 20.
  • Fig. 12 shows a further embodiment of an elevator support means 12.
  • This support means 12 is constructed analogously as the support means Fig. 5 with one tension member 22 per rib 20, but in contrast to the example Fig. 5 no back coating on and instead of the simple cords with a strand configuration 1 + 6, single-stranded cords 9 with Warrington configuration.
  • Fig. 14 This is a standard Warrington configuration similar to wire rope (EN 12385-2: 2002).
  • This standard Warrington configuration is also referred to briefly as the strand configuration (1a-6b-6c + 6d) W, where W stands for Warrington.
  • the number-letter combinations are viewed from left to right, for the number of strands of diameter, the diameter being indicated by the letter, and the strands 50 being indicated in order from inside to outside.
  • Number-letter combinations associated with dashes (-) represent successive strand layers, plus (+) connected number-letter combinations represent strands 50 in the same strand layer.
  • the letter stands for the diameter and the number before the letter for the number of strands 50 of this diameter.
  • the clip expresses the stranding.
  • (1a-6b-6c + 6d) W results in a configuration with a central strand 50 of diameter a surrounded by a first strand layer with 6 strands 50 of diameter b and a second strand layer with 6 strands 50 of diameter c and 6 strands of diameter d, simply stranded together in a Warrington configuration.
  • Fig. 13 it is a modified Warrington configuration with a core of three core strands 42 of the same diameter a and a first strand layer of 6 strands 50 with diameter b and 12 strands 50 with diameter c or in short written a strand configuration (3a-6b + 12c) W.
  • Fig. 15 shows, it is possible to provide more than two tension members 22 per rib 20. Shown are in Fig. 15 three tension members 22 per rib 20, wherein the ribs 20 viewed in cross-section are designed trapezoidal. The respective middle tension member 22 is arranged centrally in the rib 20 and the two tension members 22 framing it in the rib 20 are preferably arranged again centrally over a flank 24 or in the area of the projection surface 70 of the flank 24. In addition to the number of three tension members shown here, four or five tension members per rib are conceivable, wherein also cross-sectional shapes of the ribs are conceivable, as in Fig. 3b are shown.
  • a ribbed suspension element 12 Small dimensions and a low weight can generally be achieved for a ribbed suspension element 12 in that the distances X (cf. Fig. 15 ) between the outer contours of the tension members 12 and the surfaces / flanks of the ribs 20 are made as small as possible.
  • Optimal properties have shown suspension means 12, in which these distances X amount to at most 20% of the total thickness s of the suspension element.
  • total thickness s (cf. Fig. 15 ) is the entire thickness of the belt body 15 including the ribs 20 to understand.
  • the support means 15 in Fig. 15 on its flat side 17 is not provided with a coating.
  • it has on its traction side 18 a coating 62 indicated by a dashed line, with the aid of which the friction coefficient and / or wear in cooperation with the traction sheave 4.1 and / or another pulley 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 of the elevator installation 19 is set ,
  • this coating 62 preferably comprises a fabric 61, in particular a nylon fabric.
  • simple strands 50 made of stranded yarns can also be provided as tension members 22 of the suspension elements 12 according to the invention.
  • strands 50 which are used as tension members 22 and have a left-handed torque from the stranding of the yarns are shown with an S, as shown in FIG Fig. 16 is shown.
  • Stranded wires 50, which are used as tension members 22 and have a right-handed torque from the stranding of the yarns are represented by a Z, as shown in FIG Fig. 17 is shown.
  • Fig. 16 shows a left-stranded (S) strand 50 in a stranded indicator element 72.
  • Indicator element 72 is symbolized by a black dot, in this case a carbon yarn that has been integrated into the strand 50 for later monitoring of the suspension 12 by resistance measurement.
  • strands 50 as a tension member 22 represents a very cost-effective compared to stranded cords 9, since at least one production step is eliminated. Since, however, higher bending stresses result in stranded tensile carriers with the same tensile carrier diameter than in cord tensile carriers, such tensile carriers 22 are preferably used in suspension elements 12, which are provided for elevator systems with large traction sheaves 4.1.
  • suspension elements 12 which are provided for elevator systems with large traction sheaves 4.1.
  • a softer matrix tends to be used than in cords 9, because there is no relative movement of strands 50 directly adjacent to each other between the strands 50.
  • the softer matrix makes the strand 50 more flexible.
  • the stresses occurring in the strand 50 can be better degraded by stretching in the softer matrix material than in a hard, rather brittle, but more abrasion-resistant matrix material.
  • the matrix hardness is preferably in the range of 50 Shore A to 54 Shore D.
  • strands 50 with yarns of different lay lengths can be used.
  • the inner yarns of a strand 50 then preferably have a shorter lay length than the outer yarns.
  • the cords 9 with different strand lay lengths can be achieved in this way that the filaments of the yarns tear simultaneously regardless of their location in the strand.
  • HMPE high modulus polyethylene
  • Dyneema® and Spectra® brands are used as fibers for tensile members 22 in elevator support means 12
  • hybrid constructions can be provided.
  • tension members 22 made of creep-prone fibers a certain amount of tension members of creep-tending fiber material in a tension member distributed uniformly therebetween may be used.
  • a portion of such tension member 22 may be formed from other non-creep fibrous materials, e.g. Polyamide, be prepared.
  • filaments of the creeping fiber material are uniformly mixed with the filaments of the non-creeping fiber material or an inner part of the tension member is formed with the filaments of the creeping fiber material and an outer part with the filaments of the non-creeping fiber material or vice versa, depending on the fibers used.
  • a support means 12 is shown with tension members 22 which are formed as strands 50.
  • tension members 22 which are formed as strands 50.
  • On the traction side 18 a plurality of ribs 20 are provided, each rib 20 are assigned two tension members 22.
  • the tension members 22 are adjacent to each other and spaced apart from each other in a plane, with tension members S alternating with left-handed torque with tension members Z with right-handed torque.
  • the flat back of the tension member 22 is provided with a designed as a sliding coating cover layer 62, the Contains tetrafluoroethylene in this example, in order to reduce the coefficient of friction when interacting with deflecting 4.4 or disks 4.2, 4.3.
  • the layer 62 is designed as a film-like polymer-based coating with polytetrafluoroethylene particles and contains a fabric 61 coated or impregnated with this polymer material.
  • the polytetrafluoroethylene particles preferably have a particle size of 10 to 30 micrometers.
  • a suspension element 12 with a relatively small width and only two ribs 20 on the traction side 18 is shown. In turn, it has a coating 62 on the flat rear side, but here it is designed as a dispersion layer of jacket material with polytetrafluoroethylene particles enclosed therein.
  • Each rib 20 of the support means 12 are associated with three tension members 22, which are designed as strands 50 of stranded yarns.
  • the tension members 22 are adjacent to each other and spaced apart from each other in a plane, with tension members S alternating with left-handed torque with tension members Z with right-handed torque.
  • elevator support means 12 with coatings applies that they can be applied over the entire length of the support means 12 or only one or more, certain lengths of the support means 12.
  • those lengths of the support means 12 may be coated, which cooperate in a sitting of the car 3 or the counterweight 8 - for example, on a buffer in the pit - with the traction sheave or other disc.
  • Fig. 20 shows a variant of the support means Fig. 19 in which each rib 20 is assigned four tensile straps 22 designed as strands 50. It is understood that this support means 12 with two ribs 20 on the traction side 18 more than four or even three, only two tension members 22 or only one tension member 22 per rib 20 may have. In the case of a large number of tension members 22 per rib 20, the tension members 22 are preferably in the form of a stranded wire 50, but with a small number of tension members 22 per rib 20, they are preferably designed as a cord 9. Incidentally, this applies to all suspension elements 12 described here, regardless of their absolute width and their traction-side rib number.
  • Cords are more expensive than strands, but they are also more flexible and therefore more suitable for small disc diameters than strands.
  • FIGS. 21 and 22 show further variants of the support means 12, in which the tension members 22 are arranged in a plane next to each other and formed as strands 50.
  • Tensile beams S with left-handed torque alternate with tension member Z with right-handed torque.
  • the strands 50 are combined to oval tensile carrier units 25 in which the strands are in contact with each other.
  • four strands 50 are combined to form a tensile carrier units 25, wherein each one Glastowntician 25 is associated with a rib.
  • the support means 12 in Fig. 21 has traction side three ribs 20.
  • each tension member unit 25 comprises two strands 50.
  • the tension member units 25 are arranged at regular intervals from each other in a plane, each two tension member units 25 are associated with a rib.
  • the cohesion of the strands 50 in Switzerlandtownen 25 can be effected by a common coating layer, by welding, gluing or by an adhesion layer. Due to these constructions of the tension members, a better space efficiency of the tension members in the belt compared to cords or strands can be produced as tension members. In addition, this can be used to produce a tension member which has a high breaking load and, due to its low height, a high bending flexibility.
  • Fig. 23 a variant of the support means 12 is shown, which is relatively wide and the traction side has a plurality of ribs 20.
  • the tension members 22 are in turn arranged in a plane next to each other and designed as strands 50, which alternate left-handed and right-handed in their torque.
  • the strands are in this embodiment in close contact side by side, similar to a made of parallel strands 50 continuous band.
  • the cohesion of the strands into a band can be effected by a common coating layer, welding, gluing or by an adhesion layer.
  • a further variant of the support means 12 is shown, which identifies exactly two ribs 20 on its traction side 18.
  • the ribs 20 are assigned in this example again exactly two tension members 22.
  • the support means is provided on its rear side 17 with a guide rib 27.
  • the guide rib 27 interacts with deflection, guide and support disks 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, which have a corresponding guide groove for receiving the guide rib 27 (not explicitly shown).
  • the suspension. out Fig. 24 is higher than wide or at most the same height as wide.
  • this support means 12 only one tension member 22 per rib. But it can also in this in the Fig. 24 . 25 illustrated embodiment of the support means 12 more than two tension members per rib, in particular three, four or five tension members 22 per rib 20 may be provided.
  • the tension members 22 can be made as strands 50 or as cords 9. Like the other embodiments of the elevator support means, it may be provided on the traction side 18 and / or the back 17 with a coating, in particular a fabric.
  • the other embodiments of the suspension element 12 shown here can also be provided with one or more guide ribs 19 on the rear side 17. These can be equal to or greater than the ribs 20 on the traction side 18 and can be made of a different material for better stability of the support means 12 or over the length of the support means 12 extending stabilizing elements (not shown) similar to the tension members 22 included.
  • Fig. 26 shows a variant of the support means 12 Fig. 25 with exactly two ribs 20 on the traction side 18, but without guide rib on the back.
  • Pro rib 20 is again a tension member 22 is provided, which is surrounded on all sides by material of the sheath body 15.
  • the tension members 22 are not in the back half of the suspension element but the covering of the tension member 22 with jacket material 15 is approximately equal in the region of the ribs 20 and in particular in the region of the flanks 24 of the ribs 20 and against the rear surface 17 large.
  • lift means 12 of in Fig. 26 shown type possible to tailor the number of suspension elements very precisely to the required load capacity.
  • Fig. 27 shows a variant of the embodiment Fig. 26 in which the ribs 20 have a greater distance from one another.
  • the two ribs 20 are connected in the embodiment shown by a web 74 of casing material 15 with each other.
  • the size of the interacting surfaces between the traction side 18 of the suspension element and the contact surface of the traction sheave 4.1 (indicated by a dotted line and influence on the traction can be taken.) The larger the interacting surfaces all the more more traction.
  • the suspension element 12 is in the in Fig. 1 shown embodiment of an inventive elevator system 9 at one of its ends below the traction sheave 4.1 attached to a first support means fixed point 10.
  • the classic cable end connections such as wedge locks or variants with looped fasteners can be used to secure the suspension in the area of the suspension element fixed point. From this it extends down to a counterweight 8 arranged on the counterweight pulley 4.3, wraps around this and extends from this to the traction sheave 4.1 Es In this case, the traction sheave 4.1 wraps around at approximately 180 ° and runs downwards along the counterweight-side cabin wall.
  • a suspension element 12 according to the invention is guided over a traction sheave 4.1 tuned to the suspension element 12.
  • the traction sheave 4.1 of the elevator installation 9 according to the invention can be selected to be very small, which reduces the space requirement and enables the use of a lighter, smaller machine.
  • the plane of the traction sheave 4.1 is arranged at right angles to the counterweight-side cabin wall and its vertical projection is outside the vertical projection of the elevator car 3.
  • the small pulley diameter makes it possible to keep the gap between the cabin wall and the hoistway wall of the hoistway 1 opposite it very small.
  • the drive unit 2 Due to the small size and the low weight of the drive unit 2, it is possible to mount the drive unit 2 on one or more of the guide rails 5, 7 and support. In this way, it is possible to introduce the entire dynamic and static loads of the cabin and the engine as well as vibrations and noises of the running engine instead of in a shaft wall through the guide rails 5, 7 in the shaft bottom.
  • the support means 12 have a flank angle ⁇ of 90 °.
  • the flank angle ⁇ is the angle enclosed by its two flanks 24 of a rib 20 of the suspension element 12.
  • V-ribbed belt edge angle ⁇ from 81 ° to 120 ° and better from 83 ° to 105 ° and even better from 85 ° to 95 ° are applicable.
  • the best properties in this respect and also with regard to guidance are achieved with rib angles ⁇ of 90 °
  • the car washers 4.2 can have lateral on-board discs.
  • Another possibility to guide the support means laterally, is to arrange on the path of the support means 12 between the two car washers 4.2 two guide discs 4.4, as shown in this particular example. How out Fig.
  • the support means 12 is guided between the car washers 4.2 with its rib side over the provided with corresponding grooves guide discs 4.4.
  • the grooves of the guide discs 4.4 cooperate with the ribs of the V-ribbed belt 12 as a side guide, so that the Kabinentragusionn 4.2 require no on-board discs.
  • This variant is advantageous because it causes no lateral wear on the support means 12 in contrast to a lateral guide means of flanged wheels.
  • elevator system 9 according to the diameter of all pulleys are the same. It is also conceivable that the pulleys have different size and the support and / or pulleys 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 have a larger diameter than the traction sheave 4.1 or have a smaller diameter than the traction sheave 4.1. However, discs 4.2, 4.3 may also be provided, of which the discs 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 have a larger diameter, the others a smaller diameter than the traction sheave 4.1.
  • the suspension element used in the elevator system 12 is provided with tension members 22, which are present as a strand or cord. The Strands in the cords can all have the same diameter or be different in thickness.
  • the diameter (s) of the thickest strand (s) are called the elementary diameter ⁇ .
  • Supporting means 12 and elevator installation 19 are matched to one another in such a way that a thickest stranded wire 50 having an elementary diameter ⁇ experiences an elongation ⁇ when running the suspension element 12 over a smallest disk 4 of the elevator installation 19 with a smallest pulley diameter D, which is smaller than the breaking elongation ⁇ b of FIG thickest strand 50 or the fiber material of the thickest strand 50.
  • elevator systems or any other suspension conditions can be designed as elevator systems according to the invention.
  • the drive with the traction sheave 4.1 does not necessarily have to be arranged at the top of the elevator shaft but can also be arranged, for example, in the shaft bottom or in the shaft in a gap next to the trajectory of the cabin and an adjacent shaft wall and in particular also above a shaft door.
  • the element referred to here as a suspension element 12 can also be used as a pure suspension means or pure drive means.
  • suspension element with a long service life in the installation.
  • the cost can be reduced if a small lightweight motor with a small traction sheave can be used.
  • the space required for an elevator installation can be further reduced if, in addition to the small traction sheave, additional disks with small diameters are used.
  • Also advantageous for an elevator system is a well adapted to the defined requirements of this system traction between traction sheave and suspension element.

Landscapes

  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Moyen de support d'ascenseur prévu dans une installation d'ascenseur (19) pour y porter et/ou déplacer au moins une cabine d'ascenseur (3),
    le moyen de support (12) pouvant être guidé et entraîné par au moins une poulie (4), en particulier une poulie motrice (4.1), d'une machine d'entraînement (2) de l'installation d'ascenseur (19),
    D étant le diamètre de la plus petite poulie de l'installation d'ascenseur,
    le moyen de support (12) présentant un corps d'enveloppe (15) réalisé en un polymère et au moins un support de traction (22) incorporé dans le corps d'enveloppe (15) et s'étendant dans le sens de la longueur du moyen de support (12),
    le support de traction (22) comportant une tresse (50) en fils dont les fils sont formés de filaments en matériau fibreux synthétique et/ou minéral,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le diamètre de la tresse (50) la plus épaisse d'un support de traction (22) est appelé diamètre élémentaire δ et la tresse (50) la plus épaisse présente un allongement à la rupture (εb),
    en ce que le support de traction (22) est formé essentiellement d'un câble (9) de tresses (50) et le diamètre élémentaire δ de la tresse (50) la plus épaisse du support de traction (22) est déterminé selon l'équation suivante : δ = D/(1/εb-1).
  2. Moyen de support d'ascenseur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le diamètre élémentaire δ de la tresse (50) la plus épaisse est accordé au diamètre D de la plus petite poulie (4) de l'installation d'ascenseur (19) concerné de telle sorte qu'elle subisse un allongement maximal s plus petit que l'allongement de rupture εb en cas de flexion du moyen (12) de support d'ascenseur sur le plus petit diamètre D,.
  3. Moyen de support d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le matériau fibreux de la tresse (50) la plus épaisse de diamètre élémentaire δ présente un allongement à la rupture εb de l'ordre de 0,5 % à 5 % et en ce que les filaments des fils proviennent de l'ensemble des matériaux fibreux suivants : verre E, verre S, basalte, carbone, polyéthylène, notamment HMPE, polyester, notamment LCP et TLCP, PVC, PTFE, PAN, nylon, polyamide, notamment l'aramide, PBO (polybenzoxazole), M5 [poly-(diimidazo pyridinylène(dihydroxyphénylène], PIPD court et fibres hybrides.
  4. Moyen de support d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les tresses (50) situées en position extérieure dans le support de traction (22) sont maintenues à une distance mutuelle d'autant plus grande que la viscosité du matériau d'enveloppe est plus élevée lors de l'incorporation du support de traction (18) dans l'enveloppe (15) du moyen de support (12), la distance (60) étant d'au moins 0,03 mm.
  5. Moyen de support d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le support de traction (22) comporte un matériau de matrice qui présente une teneur pondérale de 5 % à 45 % dans le support de traction (22) durci et comporte un polymère ou un mélange avec un polymère de l'ensemble suivant : polyuréthane, de préférence polyuréthane soluble dans l'eau, époxy, élastomère de type caoutchouc, en particulier EPDM, et latex au résorcinol formaldéhyde.
  6. Moyen de support d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le corps d'enveloppe (15) comporte un élastomère ou un mélange avec au moins un élastomère de l'ensemble suivant : polyuréthane, notamment polyuréthane thermoplastique à base d'éther, polyuréthane thermoplastique à base d'ester, polyamide, notamment à base de polyamide 11/polyamide 12, polyester, en particulier TPC, caoutchouc naturel ou caoutchouc synthétique, notamment NBR, HNBR, EPM et EPDM, et chloroprène.
  7. Moyen de support d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un côté du corps d'enveloppe (15) est configuré comme côté de traction (18) conçu pour coopérer avec une poulie de traction de l'entraînement d'ascenseur et un côté du corps d'enveloppe (15) opposé au côté de traction (18) est configuré comme côté dorsal (17) du moyen de support (12), les supports de traction (22) incorporés dans le corps d'enveloppe (15) étant disposés les uns à côté des autres suivant la largeur du moyen de support (12) dans un plan situé entre le côté de traction (18) et le côté dorsal (17), les supports de traction étant disposés dans le plan de manière à être en contact mutuel.
  8. Installation d'ascenseur présentant au moins une poulie (4) par laquelle un moyen (12) de support d'ascenseur est guidé, au moins une poulie (4) étant une poulie motrice (4.1) d'une machine d'entraînement (2) de l'installation d'ascenseur (12) qui déplace et/ou porte au moins une cabine d'ascenseur (3),
    D étant le diamètre de la plus petite poulie de l'installation d'ascenseur,
    le moyen de support (12) présentant un corps d'enveloppe (15) réalisé en un polymère et au moins un support de traction (22) incorporé dans le corps d'enveloppe (15) et s'étendant dans le sens de la longueur du moyen de support (12),
    le support de traction (22) comportant une tresse (50) en fils dont les fils sont formés de filaments en matériau fibreux synthétique et/ou minéral,
    le support de traction (22) étant formé essentiellement d'un câble (9) de tresses (50),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le diamètre élémentaire δ de la tresse (50) la plus épaisse du support de traction (22) est déterminé selon l'équation suivant : δ = D/(1/εb-1).
  9. Installation d'ascenseur selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle le moyen (12) de support d'ascenseur est configuré selon l'une des revendications 2 à 7.
  10. Installation d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, dans laquelle la poulie motrice (4.1) est la poulie (32) de plus petit diamètre D.
EP09793542.3A 2008-12-22 2009-12-18 Moyen porteur d'ascenseur, procédé de fabrication d'un tel moyen porteur et installation d'ascenseur dotée d'un tel moyen porteur d'ascenseur Not-in-force EP2361212B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09793542.3A EP2361212B1 (fr) 2008-12-22 2009-12-18 Moyen porteur d'ascenseur, procédé de fabrication d'un tel moyen porteur et installation d'ascenseur dotée d'un tel moyen porteur d'ascenseur

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08172489 2008-12-22
EP09173069 2009-10-14
EP09793542.3A EP2361212B1 (fr) 2008-12-22 2009-12-18 Moyen porteur d'ascenseur, procédé de fabrication d'un tel moyen porteur et installation d'ascenseur dotée d'un tel moyen porteur d'ascenseur
PCT/EP2009/067596 WO2010072690A1 (fr) 2008-12-22 2009-12-18 Moyen porteur d'ascenseur, procédé de fabrication d'un tel moyen porteur et installation d'ascenseur dotée d'un tel moyen porteur d'ascenseur

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EP2361212A1 EP2361212A1 (fr) 2011-08-31
EP2361212B1 true EP2361212B1 (fr) 2014-02-12

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EP (1) EP2361212B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102264623B (fr)
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EP2361212A1 (fr) 2011-08-31
CN102264623B (zh) 2013-09-04
WO2010072690A1 (fr) 2010-07-01

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