EP2355925A1 - Verfahren zur aktivierung eines katalysators - Google Patents
Verfahren zur aktivierung eines katalysatorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2355925A1 EP2355925A1 EP09744070A EP09744070A EP2355925A1 EP 2355925 A1 EP2355925 A1 EP 2355925A1 EP 09744070 A EP09744070 A EP 09744070A EP 09744070 A EP09744070 A EP 09744070A EP 2355925 A1 EP2355925 A1 EP 2355925A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- temperature
- methanol
- gas
- formaldehyde
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/37—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of >C—O—functional groups to >C=O groups
- C07C45/38—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of >C—O—functional groups to >C=O groups being a primary hydroxyl group
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/395—Thickness of the active catalytic layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/881—Molybdenum and iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/887—Molybdenum containing in addition other metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/8876—Arsenic, antimony or bismuth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
- B01J37/0221—Coating of particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0242—Coating followed by impregnation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0248—Coatings comprising impregnated particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/12—Oxidising
- B01J37/14—Oxidising with gases containing free oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/25—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C51/252—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring of propene, butenes, acrolein or methacrolein
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/34—Mechanical properties
- B01J35/38—Abrasion or attrition resistance
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for activating a catalyst, a catalyst activated according to the method of the invention, the use of this catalyst for the production of formaldehyde and a reactor containing the catalyst treated according to the invention.
- Heterogeneously catalyzed oxidation reactions are of particular importance to the chemical industry as they are used for large scale, selective production of numerous end products from inexpensive and abundant raw materials (e.g., alcohols).
- Coat or coating catalysts which are understood as solid catalysts, which are prepared by coating a (typically non-porous) carrier body with a porous layer containing the actually catalytically active species.
- the catalytically active species eg, noble metals, such as Pd, Pt, Au, Ag, etc.
- a porous support such as SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , etc.
- the supported catalysts produced by the impregnation process there are usually chemical-physical interactions between the support and active species, which have a decisive influence on the catalytic process.
- the carrier supports only the structural support .
- the typically non-porous support body is enveloped by a layer containing the active species.
- catalyst is understood to mean both of the abovementioned (solid) catalyst types.
- An important heterogeneously catalyzed oxidation reaction is the partial oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde (so-called Formox process).
- Formox process partial oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde
- partial oxidation with excess air on porous solid catalysts of iron molybdate is customary for large-scale production.
- the total oxidation of methanol may occur.
- Iron molybdate full catalysts used which, however, have only a small active surface in relation to their active mass.
- molybdenum-vanadium-iron or vanadium-iron catalysts for the partial oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde are known.
- the atomic ratios between molybdenum or vanadium and iron vary considerably in the catalysts known from the prior art.
- Some of the active components may be further partially replaced by so-called promoters such as titanium, antimony, tin, nickel, chromium, cerium, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, niobium, silver and / or manganese in metallic form or in the form of compounds.
- No. 3,975,302 describes an Fe / Mo catalyst prepared by the impregnation process for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde (generally referred to as the Formox process). Accordingly, iron and molybdenum are dissolved as MoO 4 2 " and Fe 3+ salts in a solvent such as water and then applied to a porous support having a BET surface area of 1 to 20 m 2 / g Catalyst for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde, which is prepared by impregnation in the fluidized bed process.
- No. 5,217,936 describes a catalyst for the preparation of aldehydes from the corresponding alcohols, in particular formaldehyde from methanol, the catalytically active composition being applied to a monolithic carrier.
- the active species may also contain oxides of chromium, vanadium, aluminum, iron, tungsten, manganese and mixtures thereof.
- the active species may contain a binder. As a suitable binder, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide are specified.
- DE 10 2004 014 918 describes a catalyst having a silver vanadium oxide phase and a promoter phase based on titanium dioxide and vanadium pentoxide, which is suitable for the preparation of aldehydes, carboxylic acids and carboxylic anhydrides from aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbons by gas phase oxidation.
- the catalyst is preferably formed as a shell catalyst, wherein the two phases are arranged as concentric shells on an inert support.
- a catalyst bed of a physical mixture of catalytically active and catalytically inactive moldings is described, wherein the catalytically inactive moldings have rounded edges on the outer friction surfaces. If the catalyst bed is used for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde, for example Eisenmolybdate can be used as catalytically active species.
- Oxidation reaction is the oxidation of propylene to acrolein and / or acrolein to acrylic acid, thus using so-called acrylic acid or acrolein catalysts.
- SOHIO Acrolein process for example, propylene is reacted in air at 300- 360 0 C and a pressure of 0.2 MPa on a Bi 2 O 3 -MoO 3 catalyst.
- Bi 2 O 3 -MoO 3 catalyst a pressure of 0.2 MPa on a Bi 2 O 3 -MoO 3 catalyst.
- multi-component catalysts are Bi 9 PMo 12 O 52 -SiO 2 , Fe 4.5 Bi 4 .
- Catalysts which have already been activated or calcined prior to transport, redeployment or the like are very sensitive, in particular with regard to the abrasion resistance of the catalytically active layer, which entails various disadvantages: on the one hand, the high abrasion results in a loss of more expensive, catalytic On the other hand, abrasion leads to the development of dust, which has negative effects on the health of the persons in contact with the catalyst. Another aspect is that a large proportion of dust in the reactor inhibits the passage of the substances to be reacted and it can even lead to constipation in severe cases.
- Catalysts and / or catalyst systems in particular for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde or of propylene to acrolein, which do not have the aforementioned disadvantages and, however, at the same time have good activity and selectivity with respect to the reaction to be catalyzed.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an improved process for the activation of catalysts which have a particularly high abrasion resistance after activation, but at the same time have good activity and selectivity for the end product, for example formaldehyde or acrolein or acrylic acid.
- the object is achieved by a method for activating a catalyst comprising the steps of
- the process is preferably carried out in the reactor in which the reaction to be catalyzed also takes place.
- this is an in-situ activation.
- the present invention further relates to a catalyst which has been activated according to the process of the invention and to the use of such a catalyst for the synthesis of formaldehyde or acrolein or acrylic acid.
- the present invention relates to a shell-and-tube reactor containing the catalyst activated according to the process of the invention.
- catalyst is, as generally explained above, in the context of the present invention, any solid catalyst understood that the skilled person as for the method according to the invention is known. However, preference is given to using catalysts which are suitable for the production of formaldehyde in the process according to the invention. It is understood that analogous systems for acrolein / acrylic acid synthesis in further preferred embodiments can also be used.
- the catalysts preferred according to the invention are particularly preferably catalysts which are suitable for the conversion of methanol to formaldehyde, most preferably catalysts which contain molybdenum, iron and / or vanadium as active components.
- catalysts are preferably oxides of molybdenum and / or vanadium and iron and / or their mixed oxides (such as Fe 2 (MoO 4 J 3 ) or compounds which can be converted into the corresponding oxides or mixed oxides, such as For example, acetates, oxalates, acetylacetonates, citrates, nitrates, chlorides, phosphates, sulfates or ammonium compounds of iron or molybdenum and vanadium used.
- oxides of molybdenum and / or vanadium and iron and / or their mixed oxides such as Fe 2 (MoO 4 J 3 ) or compounds which can be converted into the corresponding oxides or mixed oxides, such as For example, acetates, oxalates, acetylacetonates, citrates, nitrates, chlorides, phosphates, sulfates or ammonium compounds of iron or molybdenum and vanadium used.
- the active component is a non-stoichiometric iron-molybdenum mixed oxide which does not have the composition Fe 2 (MoO 4 ) 3.
- Mo Fe ratios of 0.5 to 12 are preferred.
- Mo Fe ratios of 0.75 to 10 are particularly preferred.
- Embodiment - contains at least one promoter compound, this is preferably selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb, Ca, Sr, Ba, P, Sb, Bi, Cu, Ag, Au, Su, Ce and mixtures thereof ,
- the catalysts most preferred for the process of the invention are supported catalysts. This applies, for example, in particular both for the formaldehyde as well as for the acrolein / acrylic acid synthesis.
- the supported catalyst which is preferred for the process according to the invention particularly preferably comprises a (catalytically) inert support structure.
- a material for the inert carrier structure it is possible in principle to use all inert materials familiar to the person skilled in the art. Preferably, however, the material should be substantially non-porous.
- Substantially non-porous means that the material used in the context of the present invention is a BET
- the pore volume of the inert, substantially non-porous material is preferably less than 0.1 ml / g, also determined according to DIN 66133.
- the material density is preferably in the range of 2.0 to 4.5 g / cm 3 , particularly preferably in the range of 2.3 to 3.5 g / cm 3 .
- Non-limiting examples of suitable and preferred materials for the support structure of the preferred catalysts according to the invention are magnesium silicate (steatite), quartz (SiO 2 ), porcelain, magnesium oxide, tin dioxide, silicon carbide, rutile, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium silicate, aluminum silicate, cersilicate or mixtures thereof and metals or alloys such as stainless steel. Carrier structures of steatite are particularly preferred.
- the preferred carrier structures form less easily locally ordered dense packages when loading the reactor, but rather are arranged irregularly, with more turbulence arising in the gas stream through the catalyst bed, which is a slight onset of overheating (formation of so-called "hotspots"), especially in the oxidation reacting methanol to formaldehyde both in the molding as well as in the reactor, as typically occurs, for example, in monoliths, such as according to US 5,217,936th
- the reduction of overheating also leads to an extension of the life of the catalyst.
- At least one carrier layer consists of Particles of a metal oxide of a main group metal, an early transition metal or a lanthanum applied. These can, as already mentioned above, be applied either in the form of their powders (as suspension) and / or also as sols.
- the solids content is between 10 and 50% by weight, for example SiO 2 sols having 20 to 40% by weight, ZrO 2 sols having 10 to 20% by weight, CeO 2 sols having 15 to 20% by weight. 25% by weight solids content and 10% to 20% by weight TiO 2 sols
- TiO 2 sols or TiO 2 powders are very particularly preferred in the context of the invention. Particularly preferred is a preparation using a powder suspension of the carrier oxide plus a proportion of 0.05 wt .-% to 5 wt .-% of a sol of the same carrier oxide.
- the integral pore volume (determined by Hg porosimetry, DIN 66133) of the carrier layer is between about 100 and 800 mm 3 / g, preferably between about 200 and 700 mm 3 / g, more preferably between about 250 and 600 mmVg ,
- the mean pore radius determined by this method is preferably between about 50 and 1000 nm, preferably between about 100 and 700 nm, more preferably between about 150 and 500 nm.
- the sol has a particle size of 1 to 100 nm, preferably from 2 to 50 nm, particularly preferably ⁇ 40 nm.
- the determination of these particle sizes was carried out according to ASTM B822-97. Alternatively, ISO 13320-1 can also be used.
- Preferred oxides used as support material are characterized by the following properties of their particle size distribution: dio: 0.1 to 2.5, preferably 0.1 to 0.3; d 50 : 0.15 to 20, preferably 0.15 to 1; d 90 : 0.5 to 40, preferably 0.5 to 2.5.
- the catalyst to be activated is heated according to step a) of the inventive method to a temperature of 160 0 C to 200 0 C, preferably to a temperature of 170 0 C to 190 0 C, more preferably to a temperature of 175 0 C to 185 0C and most preferably to a temperature of 180 ° C.
- the heating can be done by any method that suits the
- a person skilled in the art is known to be suitable for the purpose according to the invention, but is preferably carried out with the aid of a gas stream which has previously been heated to the desired temperature. Any gas which is known to the person skilled in the art as suitable for the purpose according to the invention can be used as the gas.
- the gas is selected from the group consisting of air and the noble gases (inert gases) such as nitrogen, argon, helium, neon, krypton, xenon and mixtures thereof, with a mixture of air and nitrogen being particularly preferred.
- the gas is mixed with an alcohol, which is more preferably methanol.
- the alcohol is ethanol, which is particularly preferably mixed with water.
- very particular preference is given to mixtures of air, inert gas and methanol, wherein the inert gas in one of the most preferred embodiments is nitrogen.
- the alcohol which is preferably methanol, is preferably present in the gas or gas mixture
- the alcohol content is preferably increased in the steps of 1 to 2% by volume per minute, more preferably 10 minutes. Particular preference is given, for example, to an increase starting from an initial concentration of 4% by volume, in each case 1% by volume, to a final concentration of max. 10 vol. -%.
- step b) and step c) are maintained for the same period of time, but the holding time of step b) and step c) can also be of different lengths. Furthermore, according to the method of the invention, it is possible to combine any temperature encompassed by the method according to the invention with any holding time encompassed by the method according to the invention.
- the gas stream in steps a), b) and / or c) is preferably 1 Nm 3 to 5 Nm 3 , more preferably 1.5 Nm 3 to 4 Nm 3 , more preferably 2 Nm 3 to 3, 5 Nm 3 and most preferably 3 Nm 3 . It is possible according to the inventive method that the gas stream of the individual steps a), b) and c) different or equal is selected. In the case of a tube bundle reactor, it is preferred that the gas flows are the same for each individual tube, but it is also possible that different gas flows are used for each tube. Further, according to the method of the invention, it is possible to combine any temperature encompassed by the method according to the invention with any holding time and gas stream included in the method according to the invention.
- the present invention further relates to a
- the present invention relates to the use of an activated according to the inventive catalyst for the production of formaldehyde.
- This relates in particular to the use of a catalyst activated in accordance with the process according to the invention in a shell-and-tube reactor.
- tube bundle reactors Preference is given to conventional tube bundle reactors, as described, for example, in EP 1837072 A1, with 5000 to 30,000 tubes having an internal diameter of preferably 21 mm to 30 mm, preferably 21 and 25 mm and a length of 1.8 m to 6 m 1.8 to 2.5 m.
- a coolant which are preferably heat transfer oils or molten salts.
- Fig. 2 the temperature profile during activation.
- the pore radius distribution is determined by means of mercury porosimetry according to DIN 66133; maximum pressure: 2,000 bar, Porosimeter 4000 (Porotec, DE), according to the manufacturer.
- the particle sizes are determined by the laser diffraction method using a Fritsch Particle Sizer Analysette 22 Economy (Fritsch, DE) according to the manufacturer's instructions, also with regard to the sample pretreatment:
- the sample is homogenized in deionized water without addition of auxiliaries and ultrasonically for 5 minutes treated.
- the specified D values are based on the sample volume.
- Ammonium heptamolybdate and ferric nitrate were purchased from Merck KGAa, Darmstadt, Eisenmolybdat from Süd-Chemie Catalysts Italia. Commercially available titanium dioxides were used. The BET surface areas of the titanium dioxides ranged from 21 m 2 / g to 101 m 2 / g, and the pH values obtained when slurrying the suspensions ranged from 3.89 to 7.62.
- the pH values of the titanium dioxide suspensions were determined with a glass electrode by slurrying 9 g of the respective oxide in 400 ml of distilled water at room temperature and stirring for 12 hours. Impregnation of titanium dioxides
- a temperature between the Weg- and the Tammann temperature was chosen.
- the in situ annealing in the tubular reactor was carried out at 43O 0 C for 48 hours.
- the amount of iron molybdate calculated for a monolayer was mixed with the respective titanium dioxide powder.
- the TiO 2 used particularly preferably has a BET surface area of> 20 m 2 / g and ⁇ 50 m 2 / g. Therefore, it was necessary to impregnate 250 g of TiO 2 and 40.68 g of iron molybdate.
- the coating composition thus obtained was applied in the form of thin layers at a temperature between 60 to 8O 0 C on the steatite bodies in the fluidized bed.
- the layer thickness of the catalytically active material was up to 300 microns. The same applies, of course, for a subsequent Impregnation of a previously applied to the carrier molding TiO 2 layer.
- the catalyst was heated at 16O 0 C under 0.3 Nm 3 of air for 3 hours.
- Step b) Subsequently, the catalyst was heated to 330 0 C under 0.3 Nm 3 of air (per 1 tube) and calcined for 18 hrs.
- the catalyst was heated to 430 0 C and calcined for 48h under a stream of 0.3 Nm 3 of air.
- N 2 was first added to flow N 2 [Nm 3 / h] NTP 0.112, then air to air [Nm 3 / h] NTP 0.081 and finally MeOH to methanol flow (gas) [Nm 3 / h ] 0.017 and equilibrated for one hour.
- a hotspot the maximum of the curve developed as shown in FIG. After equilibration, the test was started.
- the catalysis test listed below was carried out in a tube reactor with 21 mm inner diameter and a length of 100 mm at 290 0 C average catalyst temperature.
- Formaldehyde, methanol, dimethyl ether and water were determined by gas chromatography, CO and CO 2 by IR measurements.
- the inventively activated catalyst of the embodiment was tested for the evaluation of its activity and selectivity in the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde.
- FIG. 1 shows the yield of formaldehyde over a reaction time of 2400 hours.
- the formaldehyde yield remained virtually constant over the entire reaction time and is evidence of the extraordinary long-term stability of a catalyst activated by the process according to the invention.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008052712A DE102008052712A1 (de) | 2008-10-22 | 2008-10-22 | Verfahren zur Aktivierung eines Katalysators |
| PCT/EP2009/007569 WO2010046110A1 (de) | 2008-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Verfahren zur aktivierung eines katalysators |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2355925A1 true EP2355925A1 (de) | 2011-08-17 |
Family
ID=41402599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09744070A Withdrawn EP2355925A1 (de) | 2008-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Verfahren zur aktivierung eines katalysators |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2355925A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102008052712A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010046110A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12565465B2 (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2026-03-03 | Johnson Matthey Davy Technologies Limited | Process for formaldehyde manufacture |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110560076B (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2022-03-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种纳米Cu-Bi合金催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
Family Cites Families (14)
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| US3459807A (en) * | 1966-06-04 | 1969-08-05 | Sir Soc Italiana Resine Spa | Catalyst for preparing formaldehyde from methanol |
| ZA704176B (en) * | 1970-06-18 | 1971-02-24 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Method for activating hydrocracking catalysts |
| FR2243021B1 (de) | 1973-09-12 | 1978-02-17 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | |
| US4181629A (en) | 1978-06-19 | 1980-01-01 | Euteco S.P.A. | Catalyst for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde and a method of preparing the catalyst |
| US5118868A (en) | 1989-10-16 | 1992-06-02 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Catalyst for preparing aldehyde |
| DE4335973A1 (de) * | 1993-10-21 | 1995-04-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von katalytisch aktiven Multimetalloxidmassen, die als Grundbestandteile die Elemente V und Mo in oxidischer Form enthalten |
| DE69433270T2 (de) * | 1994-08-04 | 2004-08-12 | Scientific Design Co. Inc. | Verfahren zur herstellung eines silberkatalysators |
| DE10009017A1 (de) | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-06 | Basf Ag | Geformte Katalysatoren |
| DE10046957A1 (de) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-04-11 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Multimetalloxid-Katalysators, Verfahren zur Herstellung ungesättigter Aldehyde und/oder Carbonsäuren und Bandcalziniervorrichtung |
| AU2003226163A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-11-23 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalyst activation method and activated catalyst |
| KR20060123151A (ko) | 2003-10-15 | 2006-12-01 | 바스프 악티엔게젤샤프트 | 외부 마찰 표면이 둥근 촉매적 비활성 성형 보디를 갖는촉매성 벌크 재료 |
| DE102004014918A1 (de) | 2004-03-26 | 2005-10-13 | Basf Ag | Katalysator mit einer Silber-Vanadiumoxidphase und einer Promotorphase |
| WO2007059974A1 (de) | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-31 | Süd-Chemie AG | Schalenkatalysator, insbesondere zur oxidation von methanol zu formaldehyd sowie verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
| DE102006013488B4 (de) | 2006-03-23 | 2009-03-26 | Süd-Chemie AG | Rohrbündelreaktor-Beschickungsvorrichtung |
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2008
- 2008-10-22 DE DE102008052712A patent/DE102008052712A1/de not_active Ceased
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2009
- 2009-10-22 WO PCT/EP2009/007569 patent/WO2010046110A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2009-10-22 EP EP09744070A patent/EP2355925A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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| See also references of WO2010046110A1 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12565465B2 (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2026-03-03 | Johnson Matthey Davy Technologies Limited | Process for formaldehyde manufacture |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008052712A1 (de) | 2010-05-20 |
| WO2010046110A1 (de) | 2010-04-29 |
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