EP2333285A1 - Installation de centrale thermique à condensateur Stirling - Google Patents

Installation de centrale thermique à condensateur Stirling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2333285A1
EP2333285A1 EP10191806A EP10191806A EP2333285A1 EP 2333285 A1 EP2333285 A1 EP 2333285A1 EP 10191806 A EP10191806 A EP 10191806A EP 10191806 A EP10191806 A EP 10191806A EP 2333285 A1 EP2333285 A1 EP 2333285A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
stirling
power plant
thermal power
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10191806A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gunter Dr. Kaiser
Jürgen Dr. Klier
Moritz Kuhn
Matthias Dr. Schneider
Siegfried Ott
Alexander Lang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fox-service GmbH
Institut fuer Luft und Kaeltetechnik Gemeinnuetzige GmbH
Original Assignee
Fox-service GmbH
Institut fuer Luft und Kaeltetechnik Gemeinnuetzige GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fox-service GmbH, Institut fuer Luft und Kaeltetechnik Gemeinnuetzige GmbH filed Critical Fox-service GmbH
Publication of EP2333285A1 publication Critical patent/EP2333285A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2290/00—Engines characterised by the use of a particular power transfer medium, e.g. Helium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal power plant with external heating, which operates on a Stirling-like principle.
  • a thermal power plant with external heating which operates on a Stirling-like principle.
  • high efficiencies of 10 to 30% can be achieved in the temperature range of 150 to 500 ° C.
  • the system is particularly suitable for use in combined heat and power plants, for uninterruptible power supply units, for emergency generators and for motor vehicle power supplies, such.
  • Combined heat and power plants usually use heat engines with internal heating, and more rarely also heat engines with external heating based on the Stirling, Ericssen or Rankine principle.
  • Heat power plants that operate according to the Rankine principle require a very low upper temperature (heater temperature) of 100 ° C. This makes it possible to use in applications in the automotive sector in addition to the exhaust heat and the heat of the cooling water.
  • a major disadvantage of the Rankine systems is that technically complex and bulky ancillary equipment, such as heat exchangers, condensers, and condensate pumps are required. The efficiency of the systems is in the range of 5 to 10%.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a thermal power plant with external heating, which operates at heater temperatures of 150 to 500 ° C, a achieved high efficiency and easy to regulate.
  • the system should be simple in design and, in particular, require no ancillary equipment.
  • the heat engine / heat engines is / are mechanically constructed like known Stirling heat engines.
  • agents used in contrast to known Stirling heat engines, in which the agents used do not undergo phase changes (the agents are either exclusively gaseous or liquid only), agents used whose boiling point is chosen so that it is in the warm areas the thermal power plant in gaseous form (superheated steam) and liquid in the cold areas, as a transcritical or supercritical phase.
  • agents used are butane, pentane or R245fa.
  • This Stirling-like process represents a combination of the known Stirling principle (without phase change of the working substance) and the Rankine principle. It is referred to below as the evaporator-Stirling process and heat engines operating according to this process are referred to as evaporator-Stirling heat engines ,
  • An advantage of the evaporator-Stirling process is that, if an agent is used, which undergoes a phase transition from liquid to gas, due to the evaporation and condensation processes high pressure ratios of> 10, which are about as high as those in Rankine Process occurring, can be achieved.
  • Stirling processes typically achieve pressure ratios as low as 1.2 to 2.0. By increasing the pressure ratio, the volumetric work output can be increased many times over known Stirling processes.
  • a further advantage of the evaporator-Stirling process is that the working substance in the cooler is present as a liquid, transcritical or supercritical phase. Because of the higher thermal conductivity and the associated higher heat transfer coefficient between the cooler and working fluid, the cooler can be made much smaller with the same power. Also, the regenerator can be made smaller by the use of evaporation and recondensation, since also in this higher heat transfer coefficients are achieved than in conventional gas regenerators.
  • evaporator-stirling processes are comparable to Rankine and ORC processes; in the heater temperature range between 150 and 500 ° C they are clearly superior to the Stirling processes.
  • the filling pressure of evaporator Stirling machines is similar to the suction pressure of the condensate pump of Rankine and ORC machines, whereby the high process medium pressure is built up only after the heating of the heater.
  • the pressure modulation in the cyclic process behaves almost like the pressure difference of Rankine and ORC processes between the suction and discharge side of the condensate pump.
  • the thermal power plant is implemented as a gamma-Stirling heat engine, which is movable from a working chamber with a therein mounted working piston and a fluidically connected to the working chamber, thermal head consists.
  • This comprises a fluidic series circuit of a cooler, a regenerator acting as an evaporator or condenser and a superheater, wherein for this series connection, according to the gamma-Stirling principle, a displacement chamber, in which a displacer is movably mounted, is fluidly connected in parallel.
  • thermal head To increase the power of the thermal power plant several heat engines can be cascaded in parallel. It is also possible, either a plurality of thermal heads fluidly coupled to a working chamber or vice versa several working chambers to a thermal head.
  • the thermal power plant is realized as an alpha Stirling heat engine having a compression chamber in which a compression piston is movably mounted, an expansion chamber, in which an expansion piston is movably mounted, and a fluidic series circuit of a cooler, as an evaporator / Condenser acting regenerator and a superheater includes.
  • the compression chamber is fluidly connected to the radiator and the expansion chamber is fluidly connected to the superheater.
  • the system is operated at higher superheater temperatures of 300 to 500 ° C, it is advantageous to additionally introduce a pulsation tube between the expansion chamber and the superheater.
  • the expansion chamber is decoupled from the temperature level of the superheater and it is possible to operate both the compression and the expansion chamber at ambient temperature. In this way, the leadership, sealing and lubrication of the piston of the two chambers is much easier.
  • thermal power plant consists of several fluidically connected Stirling heat engines, an increase in efficiency can be achieved in that each warm and each cold areas of the individual heat engines are brought into the best possible thermal contact with each other (parallel cascading).
  • the compression and expansion chambers can be structurally combined as a so-called double-acting compression / expansion chamber.
  • the double-acting chamber is tubular and closed on both sides, in which a so-called double-acting piston is movably mounted.
  • One side of the piston forms the compression chamber with the adjacent portion of the double-acting chamber, while the other side of the piston forms the expansion chamber with the adjacent portion of the double-acting chamber.
  • the thermal power plant is accordingly designed as a system of three to five alpha-stirling heat engines, wherein each of the alpha-stirling heat engines from a pulsation tube, a series circuit of a cooler, a regenerator and a superheater and a double-acting compression / Expansion chamber.
  • the compression chamber is fluidly connected to the radiator and the superheater to the warm end of the pulsation tube.
  • the cold end of the pulsation tube of each first to penultimate heat engine is fluidly connected to the expansion chamber of the subsequent heat engine and the cold end of the pulsation tube of the last heat engine is connected to the expansion chamber of the first heat engine.
  • the cold and warm areas of the heat engines are cascaded in parallel. Due to the combination of double action and parallel cascading, particularly high efficiencies can be achieved with this variant.
  • membranes can also be used.
  • the mechanical work generated in the thermal power plant is tapped either mechanically or electrically from the linearly moving pistons or membranes.
  • a mechanical tap of the work can be either rotary using a crank drive or a crank loop, e.g. a connecting rod or the loop of the crank loop is fastened in the middle of the piston, or can be made linear mechanically, e.g. directly a pump is driven.
  • An electrical tap can be powered by means of electrical generators, e.g. Moving coil systems, moving coil and magnetic core systems or piezoelectric systems.
  • Alpha-Stirling evaporator heat engine shown differs from the previous one in that between the superheater 4 and the expansion chamber 15, a Pulsationsrheime is introduced.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 each show thermal power plants, which are composed of three or four in the form of a ring circuit fluidly connected in series, identical Alpha-Stirling evaporator heat engines.
  • the compression 14 and the expansion chamber 15 are functionally combined in the double-acting compression / expansion chamber 20, wherein the double-acting piston 21 causes the compression with its one side and the expansion with its other side.
  • the compression and expansion take place in the chamber 20 by design by 360 ° out of phase with each other, so due to the interconnection of the individual heat engines with the 3-cycle plant / 4-cycle plants required for the Stirling evaporator process phase shifts of 120 ° / 90 ° can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
EP10191806A 2009-11-27 2010-11-19 Installation de centrale thermique à condensateur Stirling Withdrawn EP2333285A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009057210.4A DE102009057210B4 (de) 2009-11-27 2009-11-27 Stirling-Verdampfer-Wärmekraftanlage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2333285A1 true EP2333285A1 (fr) 2011-06-15

Family

ID=43618768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10191806A Withdrawn EP2333285A1 (fr) 2009-11-27 2010-11-19 Installation de centrale thermique à condensateur Stirling

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2333285A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009057210B4 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103437910A (zh) * 2012-08-03 2013-12-11 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 发动机用工质冷却器
DE102017128273A1 (de) 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Gesellschaft zur Förderung von Medizin-, Bio- und Umwelttechnologien e.V. Hochleistungsniedrigtemperatur-Stirlingmotor mit konstruktionsseitiger Anpassung an erhöhte Lastanforderungen
DE102017128254A1 (de) 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Gesellschaft zur Förderung von Medizin-, Bio- und Umwelttechnologien e.V. Wärmetauscher mit konstruktionsseitiger Anpassung an erhöhte Lastanforderungen, insbesondere für einen Hochleistungsniedrigtemperatur-Stirlingmotor
CN110273778A (zh) * 2018-03-13 2019-09-24 浙江大学 用于斯特林发动机的加热器及斯特林循环系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103485928A (zh) * 2012-09-19 2014-01-01 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 分置相循环发动机
DE102015105878B3 (de) * 2015-04-17 2016-06-23 Nexus Gmbh Überkritischer Kreisprozess mit isothermer Expansion und Freikolben-Wärmekraftmaschine mit hydraulischer Energieauskopplung für diesen Kreisprozess
DE102016000749A1 (de) * 2016-01-25 2017-07-27 Philipp Zoller Wärmekraftmaschinenprozess mit verdampfendem und verflüssigendem Arbeitsmittel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886744A (en) * 1974-07-22 1975-06-03 Philips Corp Power-control system for stirling engines
US3996745A (en) 1975-07-15 1976-12-14 D-Cycle Associates Stirling cycle type engine and method of operation
US4413475A (en) 1982-07-28 1983-11-08 Moscrip William M Thermodynamic working fluids for Stirling-cycle, reciprocating thermal machines
US4637211A (en) 1985-08-01 1987-01-20 Dowell White Apparatus and method for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy
US5899071A (en) * 1996-08-14 1999-05-04 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Adaptive thermal controller for heat engines
WO2006126241A1 (fr) 2005-05-23 2006-11-30 Takahiro Agata Moteur stirling et procede de generation d'une difference de pression du moteur stirling

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4794752A (en) * 1987-05-14 1989-01-03 Redderson Roy H Vapor stirling heat machine
US7171811B1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-02-06 Global Cooling Bv Multiple-cylinder, free-piston, alpha configured stirling engines and heat pumps with stepped pistons

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886744A (en) * 1974-07-22 1975-06-03 Philips Corp Power-control system for stirling engines
US3996745A (en) 1975-07-15 1976-12-14 D-Cycle Associates Stirling cycle type engine and method of operation
US4413475A (en) 1982-07-28 1983-11-08 Moscrip William M Thermodynamic working fluids for Stirling-cycle, reciprocating thermal machines
US4637211A (en) 1985-08-01 1987-01-20 Dowell White Apparatus and method for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy
US5899071A (en) * 1996-08-14 1999-05-04 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Adaptive thermal controller for heat engines
WO2006126241A1 (fr) 2005-05-23 2006-11-30 Takahiro Agata Moteur stirling et procede de generation d'une difference de pression du moteur stirling

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GU, SATO, FENG: "Using supercritical heat recovery process in Stirling engines for high thermal efficiency", APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING, PERGAMON, OXFORD, GB, vol. 21, no. 16, 1 November 2001 (2001-11-01), pages 1621 - 1630, XP002627541, ISSN: 1359-4311, [retrieved on 20100614] *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103437910A (zh) * 2012-08-03 2013-12-11 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 发动机用工质冷却器
DE102017128273A1 (de) 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Gesellschaft zur Förderung von Medizin-, Bio- und Umwelttechnologien e.V. Hochleistungsniedrigtemperatur-Stirlingmotor mit konstruktionsseitiger Anpassung an erhöhte Lastanforderungen
DE102017128254A1 (de) 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Gesellschaft zur Förderung von Medizin-, Bio- und Umwelttechnologien e.V. Wärmetauscher mit konstruktionsseitiger Anpassung an erhöhte Lastanforderungen, insbesondere für einen Hochleistungsniedrigtemperatur-Stirlingmotor
CN110273778A (zh) * 2018-03-13 2019-09-24 浙江大学 用于斯特林发动机的加热器及斯特林循环系统
CN110273778B (zh) * 2018-03-13 2024-04-09 浙江大学 用于斯特林发动机的加热器及斯特林循环系统

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DE102009057210A1 (de) 2011-06-09
DE102009057210B4 (de) 2015-05-28

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