EP2304325B1 - Verfahren für den hydraulischen abgleich und regelung einer heizungs- oder kühlanlage und abgleich- und regelventil dafür - Google Patents

Verfahren für den hydraulischen abgleich und regelung einer heizungs- oder kühlanlage und abgleich- und regelventil dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2304325B1
EP2304325B1 EP09780885.1A EP09780885A EP2304325B1 EP 2304325 B1 EP2304325 B1 EP 2304325B1 EP 09780885 A EP09780885 A EP 09780885A EP 2304325 B1 EP2304325 B1 EP 2304325B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balancing
valve
range
value
regulating valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP09780885.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2304325A2 (de
Inventor
Urs Keller
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Belimo Holding AG
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Belimo Holding AG
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Application filed by Belimo Holding AG filed Critical Belimo Holding AG
Priority to EP09780885.1A priority Critical patent/EP2304325B1/de
Publication of EP2304325A2 publication Critical patent/EP2304325A2/de
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Publication of EP2304325B1 publication Critical patent/EP2304325B1/de
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
    • F24D2220/0264—Hydraulic balancing valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a balancing and control valve for a heating or cooling system and a method for the hydraulic balancing of such a balancing and control valve in a strand of a heating or cooling system.
  • the hydraulic adjustment of a heating or cooling system is made before the system is handed over to the customer.
  • the system must be fully installed and in operation.
  • the aim is to distribute the medium supplied by the central pump as needed to the various zones of the system.
  • the adjustment is usually made only at one operating point, namely at full load. This means for such a system, that all control valves are open to the maximum.
  • the speed of the pump and the position of balancing throttles or balancing valves which are upstream or downstream of the actual control valves, are adjusted so that the flow values set by the designer are reached in each line.
  • the speed of the pump should be set as low as possible, but high enough to reach all the required flow rates.
  • a differential pressure gauge is often used for flow measurement.
  • the pressure loss is measured over a known resistance, eg an orifice plate or a heat exchanger.
  • Alternative to Differential pressure measurement can also use a mobile ultrasonic flowmeter, which can be mounted outside the piping.
  • DE 40 19 503 A1 discloses a control valve for a heating system, in which by using a valve lift / flow correction curve, the flow in a string can be adapted to the hydraulic and thermodynamic conditions of the heating system.
  • the invention is now based on the insight that said prior art hydraulic balance adjustment is made only with open control valves to determine the minimum necessary pump delivery required at full load to achieve all required flows in the individual strands .
  • the disadvantage then arises that in strands with already throttled balancing valve (balancing valve), a larger part of the control range of the control valve is lost. If the balancing valve is partially closed, namely the overall characteristic (k V - flow characteristic) of the strand at a larger opening of the control valve, ie in its upper control range, flattened. In contrast, the overall characteristic is steeper with smaller opening of the control valve, ie in its lower region.
  • variable loop gain actually requires variable control parameters. This makes the tuning of the controller difficult, especially since variable parameters are usually not provided in the controllers used.
  • the setting range of the actual regulating valve is restricted.
  • the valve control is also notified, so that the signal range can be automatically mapped to the new setting range. This leaves a 100% dynamic range for the controller.
  • a method for hydraulic balancing a balancing and control valve in a train of a heating or cooling system can be used if such a balancing and control valve and a load is provided.
  • a strand of the heating or cooling system is flowed through by a medium.
  • a control value for the balancing and control valve is determined, in which a predetermined flow value of the medium, which is less than the maximum flow value, is achieved in the strand.
  • This control value is defined and set as "maximum control value”.
  • the adjustment range of the balancing and control valve is then defined as the range between the set "maximum control value" and the position with the balancing and control valve closed.
  • the original signal control range of the balancing and control valve is then mapped to the newly defined setting range. This results in full dynamics with reduced maximum control value.
  • the valve characteristic is an equal percentage characteristic in order to produce a linear dependence in interaction with a connected heat exchanger. Due to the restriction of the setting range, an equal percentage valve characteristic at 100% setting range is also in the balanced state, ie with a smaller setting range, for example 60%, equal to the percentage. This applies over the largest area of the restricted setting range.
  • a predetermined lower control range can be designed linear in order to ensure better control of the small valve openings. This division of the control range over a continuously differentiable transition allows the combination of the advantageous equal percentage valve characteristic in the large opening area to avoid a flattening of the slope at high control deflections, with the linear flat characteristic in a predetermined lower control range.
  • Setting the "maximum control value”, e.g. can be set in the form of a limiting angle, can be done manually directly on the actuator, or electrically via the control signal, which is also used in control mode.
  • Storing the "maximum control value”, i. the determined and set position of the valve as a new maximum value can be made by pressing a button directly on the drive, or electronically by sending a bus command. This command can be sent either from a service tool or from the building management system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic of a characteristic curve 10 of a conventional control valve, which is connected in series with a balancing valve, and a characteristic curve 20 of an inventive balancing and control valve.
  • the pitch 11 of the characteristic curve 10 of the conventional control valve is much steeper in the lower control range, ie at values of, for example, 10 to 20%, than the pitch 21 of the characteristic curve 20 of a balancing and control valve according to the invention in the range between 0% and 30%.
  • This allows a more accurate control in the lower control range and thus prevents greater control oscillations.
  • the slope 11 or 21 is still connected to a region 13 without incline, also called dead angle or dead zone, here at 0% to 10%.
  • the characteristic curve 20 of a balancing and regulating valve for this method and apparatus is equal to percentage.
  • the same input variable changes cause the same percentage output variable changes over the entire cycle Control range.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram which schematically shows a characteristic curve of a heat exchanger 30 as a load, a characteristic curve 20 of a balancing and regulating valve according to the invention and the overall characteristic curve 40 of a strand.
  • the exactly opposite designed characteristic curve 30 of a heat exchanger connected as a load can be compensated, so that then an overall characteristic curve 40 results, which is substantially linear.
  • the resulting control characteristic 40 of a strand remains essentially linear, or can be viewed as such by a control unit.
  • the equal-percentage characteristic 20 addressed here is modified.
  • ⁇ ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1 n gl k V 100 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 100 ⁇ n gl ⁇ e 1 - n gl k V
  • ⁇ ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1 n gl k V 100 ⁇ e n gl ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 100 - 1
  • ⁇ ⁇ 100 the quotient of opening angle ⁇ to set maximum opening angle ⁇ 100, ie the value in FIG. 1 when Position signal is plotted on the abscissa; and k V100 is the flow rate at fully open maximum opening angle.
  • n gl English n ep
  • n gl is a measure of how strongly the curve is curved. Since exponential functions never pass through the zero point, this definition of the characteristic in the lower region 21 is replaced linearly. The transition from the linear to the exponential part is continuously differentiable and it is given by the reciprocal of n gl . The entire characteristic curve is called "equal percentage" (sometimes "modified equal percentage").
  • ngl 4.5.
  • equi-percent valves with a value of n gl of 4.5 to 6 or 7. This also shifts the range of the transition of the curve in the linear part to smaller ⁇ ⁇ 100 - values. In other words, a limitation of the maximum control range for a given valve results in a flatter slope in the linear range than in the prior art, which allows a more precise controllability.
  • a hydraulic balancing a heating or cooling system comprises at least one pump and a plurality of strands, each having a balancing and control valve and a load, wherein the valve and load are connected in series one behind the other.
  • the load is usually a heat exchanger.
  • a maximum control value is then set for each of the trim and control valves so that predetermined flow values in each leg be achieved.
  • the adjustment range of each balancing and control valve is defined as the range between the set maximum control value and the position with the balancing and control valve closed. Then in the control circuit of the heating or cooling system of the signal control range of each balancing and control valve is mapped to the newly defined setting range, so that again the full signal control width of 100% is available, which is applied to a reduced control range.
  • the maximum control values of the individual balancing and control valves can be stored, which can then be transmitted as setting signals to the balancing and control valves after this storage in order to determine the maximum value of the valve opening.
  • balancing and control valves and elements acting as a load are advantageously used, each having its own characteristic, so that the resulting from load and balancing and control valve overall characteristic of a strand is substantially linear. Since the load characteristic usually has a shape like the characteristic curve 30 in FIG. 2 has, it is advantageous that each balancing and control valves are used, which have an equal percent valve characteristic and there again preferably a characteristic with a n gl of 4.5.
  • the balancing and control valve can also be useful on its own. It is then still set a maximum control value for this balancing and control valve; this adjustment being made by an adjustment knob, for example potentiometrically. It is advantageous that the maximum control value is not just a stop, but a maximum adjustable angle or other manipulated variable of the valve, so that a predetermined maximum flow value is achieved in the strand of this valve. This maximum value can also be stored in a, for example non-volatile, memory of a control and regulating circuit of the valve.
  • the setting range in this control and regulating circuit is defined as the range between the set maximum setting value and the position when the balancing and regulating valve is closed. Then, in the control circuit of the heating or cooling system, the signal control range of this balancing and control valve can continue to be addressed over the full signal control width of 100%, which is then actually applied to a reduced in the valve control range.
  • the mapping to the newly defined control range can thus take place exclusively in the balancing and control valve, which makes it possible to replace individual valve combinations of string valve and control valve in an older heating or cooling system by a balancing and control valve according to the invention, if the response is compatible by the control circuit.
  • Signal control range is understood to mean the range of input signals (digital or analog) for the balancing and control valve with which a control unit can respond to this valve to a maximum, which usually corresponds to values between 0% and maximum 100% opening of the valve.
  • this maximum signal control range just scaled to the full reduced adjustment range of the balancing and control valve responsive and there is no interval of the signal control range, which is lost.
  • such a balancing and control valve can work autonomously in a train when it is acted upon by a conventional control unit of a heating or cooling system with a drive signal between 0 and 100%.
  • a control unit of a heating or cooling system according to another embodiment of the invention, in which the balancing and control valve itself does not know or store a maximum threshold value, but in this control unit these maximum control values are stored and then the drive signal for a balancing and control valve just does not have a signal value between 0 and 100% but covers only a predetermined by the maximum control value range of, but then with a signal value resolution of 100%.
  • FIG. 1 an example is drawn.
  • the maximum control value is set to 75% in one line, for which the reference symbol S 75 has been used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
EP09780885.1A 2008-07-25 2009-07-21 Verfahren für den hydraulischen abgleich und regelung einer heizungs- oder kühlanlage und abgleich- und regelventil dafür Revoked EP2304325B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09780885.1A EP2304325B1 (de) 2008-07-25 2009-07-21 Verfahren für den hydraulischen abgleich und regelung einer heizungs- oder kühlanlage und abgleich- und regelventil dafür

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08161224 2008-07-25
PCT/EP2009/059367 WO2010010092A2 (de) 2008-07-25 2009-07-21 Verfahren für den hydraulischen abgleich und regelung einer heizungs- oder kühlanlage und abgleich- und regelventil dafür
EP09780885.1A EP2304325B1 (de) 2008-07-25 2009-07-21 Verfahren für den hydraulischen abgleich und regelung einer heizungs- oder kühlanlage und abgleich- und regelventil dafür

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2304325A2 EP2304325A2 (de) 2011-04-06
EP2304325B1 true EP2304325B1 (de) 2017-04-05

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EP09780885.1A Revoked EP2304325B1 (de) 2008-07-25 2009-07-21 Verfahren für den hydraulischen abgleich und regelung einer heizungs- oder kühlanlage und abgleich- und regelventil dafür

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110114304A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2304325B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102216691B (zh)
CA (1) CA2727779A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2010010092A2 (zh)

Cited By (2)

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DE202018001783U1 (de) 2018-04-05 2018-05-09 Siemens Schweiz Ag Charakteristiken von Ventilen
WO2023110361A1 (en) * 2021-12-14 2023-06-22 Danfoss A/S Heating system with automatic differential pressure setting

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US9823666B2 (en) * 2008-06-26 2017-11-21 Belparts Flow control system
DE102010034769A1 (de) * 2010-08-18 2012-02-23 Ista International Gmbh Verfahren und System zur Durchführung eines hydraulischen Abgleichs in einem Heizungssystem
DE102011018698A1 (de) * 2011-04-26 2012-10-31 Rwe Effizienz Gmbh Verfahren und System zum automatischen hydraulischen Abgleichen von Heizkörpern
US9890870B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2018-02-13 Schneider Electric Buildings Llc Valve flow control optimization via customization of an intelligent actuator
EP3489557B1 (en) 2013-12-20 2020-04-22 IMI Hydronic Engineering International SA A valve and a method of operating a valve
US12018851B2 (en) * 2017-07-26 2024-06-25 Belimo Holding Ag Method and system for controlling a valve in an HVAC system
EP3647899A1 (de) 2018-10-29 2020-05-06 Siemens Schweiz AG Verfahren zum betreiben eines ventils, zugehörige elektronische ansteuereinheit und ventilantrieb
SE543008C2 (sv) * 2018-11-22 2020-09-22 Stockholm Exergi Ab Förfarande och system för balansering av massflöde under produktionsstörning eller -brist i ett fjärrvärmenät
EP3702872A1 (en) 2019-02-27 2020-09-02 Siemens Schweiz AG Pressure independent control valve
US11149976B2 (en) 2019-06-20 2021-10-19 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Systems and methods for flow control in an HVAC system
US11092354B2 (en) 2019-06-20 2021-08-17 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Systems and methods for flow control in an HVAC system
CN110701361A (zh) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-17 上海庄生机电工程设备有限公司 一种利用等百分比阀门特性曲线解决水力平衡的方法
US11391480B2 (en) 2019-12-04 2022-07-19 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Systems and methods for freeze protection of a coil in an HVAC system
US11624524B2 (en) 2019-12-30 2023-04-11 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Systems and methods for expedited flow sensor calibration
US11519631B2 (en) 2020-01-10 2022-12-06 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP HVAC control system with adaptive flow limit heat exchanger control
EP3940497B1 (en) 2020-07-15 2023-03-15 Siemens Schweiz AG Maximum flow setting

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202018001783U1 (de) 2018-04-05 2018-05-09 Siemens Schweiz Ag Charakteristiken von Ventilen
WO2023110361A1 (en) * 2021-12-14 2023-06-22 Danfoss A/S Heating system with automatic differential pressure setting

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110114304A1 (en) 2011-05-19
CN102216691A (zh) 2011-10-12
EP2304325A2 (de) 2011-04-06
CA2727779A1 (en) 2010-01-28
CN102216691B (zh) 2014-07-16
WO2010010092A3 (de) 2011-11-10
WO2010010092A2 (de) 2010-01-28

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