EP2289389A1 - Method for monitoring the drying period in dishwashers - Google Patents
Method for monitoring the drying period in dishwashers Download PDFInfo
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- EP2289389A1 EP2289389A1 EP10176384A EP10176384A EP2289389A1 EP 2289389 A1 EP2289389 A1 EP 2289389A1 EP 10176384 A EP10176384 A EP 10176384A EP 10176384 A EP10176384 A EP 10176384A EP 2289389 A1 EP2289389 A1 EP 2289389A1
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- EP
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- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- characteristic
- detecting
- washed
- items
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
- A47L15/48—Drying arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
- A47L15/0021—Regulation of operational steps within the washing processes, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending from the detergent nature or from the condition of the crockery
- A47L15/0034—Drying phases, including dripping-off phases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
- A47L15/4295—Arrangements for detecting or measuring the condition of the crockery or tableware, e.g. nature or quantity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
- A47L2401/04—Crockery or tableware details, e.g. material, quantity, condition
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
- A47L2501/30—Regulation of machine operational steps within the washing process, e.g. performing an additional rinsing phase, shortening or stopping of the drying phase, washing at decreased noise operation conditions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the energy consumption required for the various operations or the time required for it are important performance parameters that are not self-sufficient, but are closely linked, sometimes even in the opposite sense, in that minimizing one is at the expense of the other.
- the rinsed dishes are usually dried in the rinsing chamber in a drying cycle.
- various methods or principles are known.
- a heater supplies heat to the interior of the purge chamber, but the moisture is not dissipated.
- the temperature of the inner air of the washing chamber increases, whereby they can assume an increased relative humidity.
- a cold surface increases the drying performance. The moisture from the inner air can condense on it, as a result of which the moisture absorption capacity of the inner air is maintained or increased.
- the object of the present invention is to optimize the drying cycle in a dishwasher.
- the optimized drying should be cost-effective and technically easy to implement, in particular it should do without technically complex sensors and / or without specially required for drying devices.
- the invention is based on a method for regulating a drying time in a dishwasher with a rinsing chamber for receiving items to be washed, in which the item to be washed is heated to a predetermined initial temperature (T 0 ), which is above the temperature of a condensation surface communicating with the rinsing chamber ,
- the characteristic characteristic for achieving the complete drying of the items to be washed can be the achievement, exceeding or dropping below a suitably selected, critical to the complete drying, critical value, d. H. a threshold value of the characteristic temperature (T).
- the recognition of the characteristic feature may include the recognition of reaching a final temperature or the beginning of an asymptotic behavior of the time dependence of the characteristic temperature.
- the time derivative of the temperature signals can be calculated by software that is processed in a processor of a central control unit, and provided for evaluation.
- the detection of such characteristic features of the characteristic temperature enables automatic drying detection.
- the automatic drying detection can be independent or largely independent of the (heat and noise) insulation of the washing chamber, the environmental conditions such as the ambient temperature (eg in summer or winter) and the specific installation situation of the dishwasher (eg freestanding or installed in a kitchenette between a right and left neighboring cabinet).
- the method has the advantage that the drying process can be controlled depending on the load. With a low load so energy can be saved and at high still achieved a sufficient drying result.
- the optimization is generally in the shutdown of the drying cycle with sufficient drying result.
- a technically simple and cost-effective temperature sensor with an associated signal evaluation is required.
- two or more temperature sensors mounted at different positions may be used, the temperature signals of which are linked together to obtain the characteristic temperature, such as by forming a temperature difference.
- a value suitable for a predetermined standard loading is permanently programmed for the duration and the initial temperature of the drying cycle for the duration of the drying cycle and for its initial temperature in a program sequence control.
- the dishwasher comprises means for detecting the loading or the loading amount.
- the starting temperature for a drying cycle with self-heat is determined before the beginning of the drying cycle as a function of the detected load.
- a suitable initial temperature and / or to be supplied for heating the dishes Heat energy amount to be predetermined before heating the dishes depending on the load.
- the loading can be expressed for example by the amount, heat capacity and / or the total surface of the dishes.
- the drying cycle can be optimized depending on the load, z. B. be abbreviated at a low load.
- the characteristic temperature can in principle be detected at different locations in the dishwasher. You can z. B. be a condensation surface characterizing temperature. The characteristic temperature may also be a temperature indicative of the temperature of the washware.
- a differential temperature can be formed, for example, from the temperature characterizing the temperature of the ware and the temperature characterizing the temperature of the condensation surface. If necessary, the temperature of the condensation surface can also serve that of a heat accumulator. By evaluating the differential temperature, the influence of the ambient temperature and / or the installation situation and / or the influence of the heat and noise insulation surrounding the washing chamber is reduced or eliminated, whereby the characteristic feature can be detected even more reliably.
- a dishwasher is also proposed with a rinsing chamber for items to be washed and a condensing surface in communication with the rinsing chamber and with means for heating the items to be washed in the rinsing chamber.
- the dishwasher further comprises means for detecting a time dependence (T (t)) of a characteristic temperature (T) and means for detecting a characteristic of the time dependence of the characteristic temperature characteristic of the degree of evaporation of water from the surface of the dishes.
- T time dependence
- T characteristic temperature
- T load-dependent
- the condensation surface can serve as the loading door, for example. Since the loading door already accommodates electronic components and elements of the sequence control in conventional dishwashers anyway, a temperature sensor with little additional technical effort can be installed there cost-effectively.
- the condensation surface is preferably in heat-conducting communication with an element having a high heat capacity, for example with a water or heat storage device controlled to a relatively low temperature.
- the condensation surface may then be a surface of the heat accumulator in communication with the rinsing chamber. It changes the temperature of the condensation surface during the heating of the dishes only insignificantly, which causes an effective condensation and therefore drying effect. Due to a high heat capacity of the water or heat storage, the influence of the ambient temperature (eg summer, winter) or the installation situation (eg proximity to other heat-generating devices) to the characteristic temperature is at least reduced.
- the detection means may be adapted to detect the time dependence of a temperature indicative of the temperature of the condensation surface, and may for example be a temperature sensor thermally coupled to the condensation surface.
- the detection means may be adapted to detect the time dependence of a temperature indicative of the temperature of the dishes, and may be, for example, a thermally coupled temperature sensor with water circulated through the wash chamber.
- a suitable location for its arrangement may be, for example, the pump sump of the machine.
- the detecting means may comprise one or more of the following means: (i) means for detecting the achievement of a final value, (ii) means for detecting the onset of asymptotic behavior approaching the final value of the characteristic temperature, (iii) means for detecting the reaching a threshold of the time dependence, and / or (iv) means for detecting a threshold value of the derivative with respect to the time or the time derivative of the time dependence of the characteristic temperature.
- These means may be implemented in the form of software modules that evaluate temperature sensing signals of the detection means.
- a central control unit can be provided with a software-programmable processor.
- the dishwasher may further comprise means for providing the first derivative after the time of the characteristic temperature time dependence, and the detecting means may comprise means for detecting the arrival of an asymptotic behavior approaching the final value of the characteristic temperature derivative , Alternatively, it may comprise means for detecting the achievement of a threshold value of the time dependence or a threshold value of the time derivative of the time dependence of the characteristic temperature. These means may also be provided in the form of software modules executed in the processor.
- the temperature of the washware characterizing temperature and the temperature of the condensing surface or the surface of the temperature storage temperature indicative temperature can be used.
- a first temperature sensor can be arranged in a circulation circuit of the water circulated through the rinsing chamber, for example in a circulating pump.
- the temperature measurement on a standing in heat exchange with the items to be washed medium such as the load receiving the dishes, or in the washing chamber, for. B. in the vicinity of the receiving space for the items to be washed out.
- a second temperature sensor may serve in thermal contact with the condensation surface or the surface of the temperature storage device.
- a temperature characterizing the items to be washed and / or a temperature characterizing the condensation area are detected and evaluated.
- the different measured values are weighted differently before they are evaluated.
- An embodiment of such a detection and calculation device can, for example, have a first temperature sensor in the memory in a dishwasher with a heat accumulator.
- a second sensor can in the washing compartment and a third be added in the addition for detergent in the loading door.
- the calculation device each forms a ratio value (quotient), which it subtracts from a simultaneously measured temperature value of the first sensor. Detected for several times within a period of time results in a curve with falling course, which approaches a temperature as a threshold asymptotically. The threshold symbolizes complete drying. If the curve has approached it to a certain approximation or reaches the threshold itself, the control unit receives a corresponding signal, whereupon it terminates the drying process.
- Fig. 1 shows operations in a dishwasher with self-heat drying according to the prior art. They include a pre-rinse cycle 2, a first cleaning cycle 4, a second cleaning cycle 6, an intermediate rinse 8, a rinse cycle 10 and a drying cycle 12 concluding the operations.
- a pre-rinse cycle 2 cold fresh water (about 3.4-3.9 l) is supplied and for a preset duration of about 15 minutes by means of a mounted under the washing chamber 14 circulation pump 20 through the washing chamber 14 (see Figures 3 and 4 ) circulated.
- cleaning agent is introduced into the rinsing chamber 14 and the fresh water supplied for pre-rinsing to an initial one Cleaning temperature of about 51 ° C for a period of about 13 - 14 min warmed up.
- a heating device (not shown) arranged in the hydraulic circuit heats the circulated water to the respectively desired temperature in a single operation.
- the heated and provided with detergent water is circulated.
- the cleaning cycle 6 forms the main cleaning process for the arranged in the washing chamber 14 crockery parts 28th
- the rinsing water is pumped out of the rinsing chamber 14 and fed clean cold fresh water.
- the fresh water is circulated during the intermediate rinse 8 for a period of about 5 min and thereby heated by contact with the still clean from the cleaning section 6 parts in the rinsing chamber 14, such as the items 28, 28a, 28b, a loading basket 30, a water spray rotary arm 24 and the walls of the washing chamber 14 and parts in a circulation circuit 22a, 20, 22b.
- the intermediate rinse water is pumped out of the rinsing chamber 14 and fed again cold fresh water.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the time course of the temperature or the time dependence of the temperature in the rinsing chamber for different loads during the rinse cycle 10 and the drying cycle 12
- Fig. 2 shows the time course T n (t) for a defined as normal and a certain amount of crockery and cutlery comprehensive load n and the time course T n - (t) for a lower than normal loading n-load and the time course T n + (t) for a higher load compared to an assumed standard load n +.
- the temperature in the rinsing chamber 14 and thus also the temperature of the items to be washed 28a, 28b increases substantially in proportion to the time t during the rinse cycle 10.
- the in Fig. 2 The less than proportional increase in temperature due to heat transfer loss, inter alia through the walls of the washing chamber 14 and through the loading door 16 to equipment parts outside the washing chamber 14.
- the temperature during the rinse cycle 10 increases according to the mean curve T n (t ) to up to a temperature T 0, the initial temperature for the temporally subsequent drying passage 12.
- n the lower, or higher loading or n + increases for the same supplied heating power, the temperature more corresponding to the upper curve T n - (t) or less strongly in accordance with the lower curve T n + (t), up to the corresponding initial temperatures T 0, n or T 0, n + for the subsequent drying cycle 12.
- the drying cycle 12 begins.
- the temperature T n (t) changes its course essentially in accordance with a falling exponential function.
- the loading increasingly dries, ie a moisture film present on the items to be washed 28 a, 28 b evaporates and condenses on a cold surface, e.g. B. a cold wall or the inside of the loading door 16 in the washing chamber 14.
- n reaches the temporal temperature profile T n (t) a temperature T 12, n , which then changes only slightly and the achievement of a asymptotic state.
- the drying cycle 12 for the loading n at the time t 12, n can be terminated.
- the temperature profile T n (t) corresponds to the characteristic feature for the degree of evaporation to be detected.
- the achievement of the asymptotic state is the characteristic feature for the complete drying of the wash item 28.
- the end of the drying cycle 12 can be recognized and the drying cycle 12 can be ended.
- an optical or acoustic signal for "drying finished” or a device-internal control signal can be generated, whereupon the drying cycle 12 ends and the dishwasher switched off and / or in a ready state for opening the loading door 16 and clearing the rinsing chamber 14 is added.
- the temperature T n- (t) for the lower loading n- drops more steeply or more rapidly at the beginning of the drying cycle than for the normal loading n, and the asymptotic state is at the temperature T 12, n- at the time t 12, n - Achieved earlier than for the normal load, because with the lower load n- a total of a smaller amount of moisture from the surface of the dishes 28 is to evaporate.
- the temperature T n + (t) drops less steeply than for the normal loading n, and the asymptotic state is reached at the temperature T 12, n + at the time t 12, n + later.
- the complete drying of the washware 28 as a function of the load is detected. This can be exploited to complete the drying cycle 12 when complete drying is complete and thus always to achieve a satisfactory drying result (complete drying) as a function of the load. This optimizes the drying cycle compared to a drying cycle with permanently programmed process parameters (fixed start temperature, fixed drying time). Because at low load, the drying cycle 12 can be ended earlier than in conventional automatic dishwashers with fixed set drying time.
- the characteristic temperature is a temperature in the rinsing chamber 14, e.g. B. the temperature of the dishes 28a, 28b.
- the characteristic temperature can also be another temperature measurement variable, such as. B. in the in the Figures 3 and 4 illustrated embodiments of the invention.
- a dishwasher according to Fig. 3 comprises a rinsing chamber 14, in which the items to be washed 28, namely plates and cups, is placed in a loading basket 30, a loading door 16 hinged to the rinsing chamber 14, which during the in Fig.
- the first temperature sensor 32 is arranged in the circulation pump 20. It is used to measure a temperature T1 or to detect the time dependence T1 (t) of the rinsing eye in the circulation circuit. However, it may also be disposed at other positions in the recirculation circuit, such as in the inlet 22a, drain 22b, or in a recess in the bottom wall of the flushing chamber 14 near the opening of the drain 22b.
- the second temperature sensor 34 is in contact with the inside wall, d. H. arranged the rinsing chamber 14 facing wall of the loading door 16. It is used to measure a reference temperature T2 or to detect the time dependence of the reference temperature T2 (t), which is characteristic for the temperature of a cold surface in the rinsing chamber 14. However, it can also be arranged at other positions, such as in a control panel 18 in the loading temperature 16, where it can be easily connected with there already existing electrical cables to the associated temperature reading device.
- the temperature T1 of the water measured by the first temperature sensor 32 in the recirculation cycle will fall after the heating power has been switched off at the end of the rinse cycle from the beginning of the drying cycle.
- the time course T1 (t) can be represented by a curve falling over time with a shape similar to that in FIG Fig. 2 shown form.
- the temperature T2 measured by the second temperature sensor 34 at the condensing surface increases during the rinse cycle by heat transfer into and through the walls of the rinsing chamber, but slower than the temperature T1.
- the feature characteristic of achieving complete drying of the items to be washed is the undershooting of a suitably selected, critical for complete drying, critical value, ie a threshold value for ⁇ T 12 .
- the dishwasher in Fig. 4 includes compared to the in Fig. 3 additionally shown a heat accumulator 38 as a temperature storage, which rests against a side wall of the washing chamber 14.
- the heat accumulator 38 is formed in the form of a parallel to the side wall of the washing chamber 14 arranged container. It essentially comprises two walls arranged parallel to one another, an inlet line 40a with a controllable inlet valve 42 for filling the heat accumulator 38 with water and a drain line 40b for emptying the heat accumulator.
- a first temperature sensor 32 for measuring a temperature T1 or for detecting the time dependence T1 (t) of the rinsing eye is arranged in the circulation circuit.
- a third temperature sensor 36 in contact with the rinsing chamber 14 facing wall of the heat accumulator 38 is arranged. It is used to measure a reference temperature T3 or to detect its time dependence T3 (t), which is characteristic of the temperature of the water in the heat accumulator 38.
- the heat storage 38 is filled at the beginning of the rinse cycle or at the beginning of the drying cycle with compared to the circulated flushing liquid relatively fresh cold water.
- the temperature T3 in the heat accumulator 38 increases during the rinse cycle by heat transfer into and through the walls of the rinsing chamber 14, but slower than the temperature T1.
- the feature characteristic for achieving complete drying of the items to be washed is here the exceeding of a suitably selected critical value, which is characteristic for complete drying, ie a threshold value for T3.
- a suitable control circuit prevents the loading door 16 from being opened during the rinse and dry operation 10 and 12. As a result, moistening of the items to be washed by recondensation when opening the loading door can be prevented.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Für einen Geschirrspülautomaten sind der für die verschiedenen Arbeitsgänge erforderliche Energieverbrauch bzw. die dafür benötigte Zeitdauer wichtige Leistungsparameter, die nicht autark, sondern eng miteinander verknüpft sind, teilweise sogar gegenläufig in dem Sinne, dass die Minimierung des einen auf Kosten des anderen geht. Als letzter Arbeitsgang wird in der Regel das gespülte Geschirr in der Spülkammer in einem Trocknungsgang getrocknet. Dafür sind verschiedene Verfahren bzw. Prinzipien bekannt.For a dishwasher, the energy consumption required for the various operations or the time required for it are important performance parameters that are not self-sufficient, but are closely linked, sometimes even in the opposite sense, in that minimizing one is at the expense of the other. As a last operation, the rinsed dishes are usually dried in the rinsing chamber in a drying cycle. For this purpose, various methods or principles are known.
Bei einem auf Eigenwärmetrocknung beruhenden Verfahrenstyp führt eine Heizeinrichtung dem Innenraum der Spülkammer Wärme zu, die Feuchtigkeit wird jedoch nicht abgeführt. Dabei erhöht sich die Temperatur der Innenluft der Spülkammer, wodurch sie eine erhöhte relative Luftfeuchtigkeit annehmen kann. Eine kalte Oberfläche steigert die Trocknungsleistung. An ihr kann die Feuchtigkeit aus der Innenluft kondensieren, wodurch die Feuchtigkeitsaufnahmefähigkeit der Innenluft erhalten bzw. erhöht wird.In a self-heat-drying type, a heater supplies heat to the interior of the purge chamber, but the moisture is not dissipated. In this case, the temperature of the inner air of the washing chamber increases, whereby they can assume an increased relative humidity. A cold surface increases the drying performance. The moisture from the inner air can condense on it, as a result of which the moisture absorption capacity of the inner air is maintained or increased.
Herkömmliche Geschirrspülmaschinen mit Eigenwärmetrocknung führen dem Spülraum unabhängig von der Beladung, d. h. der Menge und Wärmekapazität des zu trocknenden Geschirrs, eine vorbestimmte (Wärme)-Energiemenge zu. Für den Trocknungsgang ist eine vorbestimmte, fixe Zeitdauer vorgesehen. Die Wärmemenge und die Zeitdauer sind so bemessen, dass auch für eine große Beladung ein ausreichendes Trocknungsergebnis erzielt wird. Dieses Verfahren berücksichtigt eine geringe Beladung nicht. Auch sind bei der Eigenwärmetrocknung Feuchtigkeitssensoren nicht einsetzbar, weil der Feuchtigkeitsgrad in der Spülkammer während der Trocknung stets gesättigt, wahrscheinlich sogar übersättigt ist.Conventional dishwashers with self-heat drying lead the washing compartment regardless of the load, d. H. the amount and heat capacity of the dishes to be dried, a predetermined (heat) amount of energy to. For the drying cycle a predetermined, fixed period of time is provided. The amount of heat and the duration of time are such that even for a large load a sufficient drying result is achieved. This method does not take into account a low load. Also, in the self-heating moisture sensors can not be used because the degree of moisture in the washing chamber is always saturated during drying, probably even supersaturated.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, in einer Geschirrspülmaschine den Trocknungsgang zu optimieren. Die optimierte Trocknung soll kostengünstig und technisch einfach realisierbar sein, insbesondere soll sie ohne technisch aufwändige Sensorik und/oder ohne speziell für die Trocknung erforderliche Vorrichtungen auskommen.The object of the present invention is to optimize the drying cycle in a dishwasher. The optimized drying should be cost-effective and technically easy to implement, in particular it should do without technically complex sensors and / or without specially required for drying devices.
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zum Regeln einer Trocknungsdauer in einer Geschirrspülmaschine mit einer Spülkammer zum Aufnehmen von Spülgut, bei dem das Spülgut auf eine vorbestimmte Anfangstemperatur (T0) aufgeheizt wird, die über der Temperatur einer mit der Spülkammer in Kommunikation stehenden Kondensationsfläche liegt.The invention is based on a method for regulating a drying time in a dishwasher with a rinsing chamber for receiving items to be washed, in which the item to be washed is heated to a predetermined initial temperature (T 0 ), which is above the temperature of a condensation surface communicating with the rinsing chamber ,
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch die folgenden Schritte gelöst:
- (a) Erfassen eines Temperaturverlaufs einer charakteristischen Temperatur (T) während des Trocknens des Spülguts,
- (b) Detektieren eines für den Verdampfungsgrad von Wasser von der Oberfläche des Spülguts (28a, 28b) kennzeichnenden Merkmals anhand des Temperaturverlaufs der charakteristischen Temperatur, wobei die charakteristische Temperatur (T) die Differenztemperatur (ΔT) zwischen einer die Temperatur des Spülguts kennzeichnenden Temperatur (T1) und einer die Temperatur der Kondensationsfläche kennzeichnenden Temperatur (T2) ist.
- (a) detecting a temperature characteristic of a characteristic temperature ( T ) during drying of the dishes,
- (b) detecting a feature indicative of the degree of evaporation of water from the surface of the items to be washed (28a, 28b) from the temperature characteristic of the characteristic temperature, the characteristic temperature ( T ) being the difference temperature (ΔT) between a temperature indicating the temperature of the item to be washed ( T 1 ) and a temperature of the condensation surface characterizing temperature (T 2 ).
Das für das Erreichen der vollständigen Trocknung des Spülguts charakteristische Merkmal kann das Erreichen bzw. Über- oder Unterschreiten eines geeignet gewählten, für die vollständige Trocknung charakteristischen, kritischen Werts, d. h. ein Schwellwert der charakteristischen Temperatur (T) sein. Das Erkennen des charakteristischen Merkmals kann das Erkennen des Erreichens einer Endtemperatur bzw. des Beginns eines asymptotischen Verhaltens der Zeitabhängigkeit der charakteristischen Temperatur umfassen. So kann das Erreichen des vollständigen Trocknens erkannt und der Trocknungsvorgang vorzeitig, d. h. beispielsweise vor Ablauf einer einprogrammierten Trocknungsdauer, beendet und somit Zeit eingespart werden.The characteristic characteristic for achieving the complete drying of the items to be washed can be the achievement, exceeding or dropping below a suitably selected, critical to the complete drying, critical value, d. H. a threshold value of the characteristic temperature (T). The recognition of the characteristic feature may include the recognition of reaching a final temperature or the beginning of an asymptotic behavior of the time dependence of the characteristic temperature. Thus, the achievement of complete drying can be detected and the drying process prematurely, d. H. for example, before the end of a programmed drying time, ended and thus saves time.
Das charakteristische Merkmal kann auch das Erreichen eines für die vollständige Trocknung charakteristischen Werts der zeitlichen Ableitung der charakteristischen Temperatur sein, d. h. ein Schwellwert für dT(t)/dt. Es kann auch das Erreichen eines charakteristischen Werts einer Temperaturdifferenz (ΔT :=T1-T2) oder die zeitliche Ableitung der Temperaturdifferenz (d(ΔT)/dt) von zwei an zwei verschiedenen Positionen gemessenen Temperaturen T1 und T2 sein, d. h. ein Schwellwert für ΔT oder für d(ΔT)/dt.The characteristic feature may also be the achievement of a value characteristic of the time derivative of the characteristic temperature which is characteristic of complete drying, ie a threshold value for dT (t) / dt. It may also be the achievement of a characteristic value of a temperature difference (ΔT: = T1-T2) or the time derivative of the temperature difference (d (ΔT) / dt) of two temperatures T1 and T2 measured at two different positions, ie a threshold value for ΔT or for d (ΔT) / dt.
Die zeitliche Ableitung der Temperatursignale kann durch Software, die in einem Prozessor einer zentralen Steuereinheit verarbeitet wird, berechnet und zur Auswertung bereitgestellt werden.The time derivative of the temperature signals can be calculated by software that is processed in a processor of a central control unit, and provided for evaluation.
Das Detektieren derartiger charakteristischer Merkmale der charakteristischen Temperatur ermöglicht eine automatische Trocknungserkennung. Durch geeignete Wahl der charakteristischen Temperatur und des charakteristischen Merkmals kann die automatische Trocknungserkennung unabhängig oder weitgehend unabhängig von der (Wärme- und Geräusch-) Dämmung der Spülkammer, den Umgebungsbedingungen wie etwa der Umgebungstemperatur (z. B. im Sommer bzw. Winter) und der spezifischen Einbausituation des Geschirrspülautomaten (z. B. freistehend bzw. eingebaut in einer Küchenzeile zwischen einem rechten und linken Nachbarschrank) werden.The detection of such characteristic features of the characteristic temperature enables automatic drying detection. By suitable choice of the characteristic temperature and the characteristic feature, the automatic drying detection can be independent or largely independent of the (heat and noise) insulation of the washing chamber, the environmental conditions such as the ambient temperature (eg in summer or winter) and the specific installation situation of the dishwasher (eg freestanding or installed in a kitchenette between a right and left neighboring cabinet).
Das Verfahren hat den Vorteil, dass der Trocknungsvorgang beladungsabhängig gesteuert werden kann. Bei einer geringen Beladung kann also Energie eingespart und bei hoher dennoch ein ausreichendes Trocknungsergebnis erzielt werden. Die Optimierung liegt allgemein im Abschalten des Trocknungsgangs bei ausreichendem Trocknungsergebnis. Dafür ist erfindungsgemäß nur ein technisch einfacher und kostengünstiger Temperatursensor mit einer zugehörigen Signalauswertung erforderlich. Selbstverständlich können auch zwei oder mehrere an verschiedenen Positionen angebrachte Temperatursensoren eingesetzt werden, deren Temperatursignale zur Gewinnung der charakteristischen Temperatur miteinander verknüpft werden, wie etwa durch Bilden einer Temperaturdifferenz.The method has the advantage that the drying process can be controlled depending on the load. With a low load so energy can be saved and at high still achieved a sufficient drying result. The optimization is generally in the shutdown of the drying cycle with sufficient drying result. For this purpose, according to the invention, only a technically simple and cost-effective temperature sensor with an associated signal evaluation is required. Of course, two or more temperature sensors mounted at different positions may be used, the temperature signals of which are linked together to obtain the characteristic temperature, such as by forming a temperature difference.
Bei herkömmlichen Geschirrspülmaschinen ist für die Dauer des Trocknungsgangs und für dessen Anfangstemperatur in einer Programmablaufsteuerung jeweils ein für eine vorbestimmte Standardbeladung geeigneter Wert für die Dauer und die Anfangstemperatur des Trocknungsgangs fest einprogrammiert.In conventional dishwashers, a value suitable for a predetermined standard loading is permanently programmed for the duration and the initial temperature of the drying cycle for the duration of the drying cycle and for its initial temperature in a program sequence control.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst die Geschirrspülmaschine Mittel zum Detektieren der Beladung bzw. der Beladungsmenge. Die Anfangstemperatur für einen Trocknungsgang mit Eigenwärme wird vor Beginn des Trocknungsgangs in Abhängigkeit von der detektierten Beladung bestimmt. Dazu kann eine geeignete Anfangstemperatur und/oder eine zum Aufheizen des Spülguts zuzuführende Wärmeenergiemenge vor dem Aufheizen des Spülguts in Abhängigkeit von der Beladung vorbestimmt werden. Die Beladung kann dabei beispielsweise durch die Menge, Wärmekapazität und/oder die Gesamtoberfläche des Spülguts ausgedrückt sein. So kann der Trocknungsgang in Abhängigkeit von der Beladung optimiert werden, z. B. bei einer geringen Beladung abgekürzt werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the dishwasher comprises means for detecting the loading or the loading amount. The starting temperature for a drying cycle with self-heat is determined before the beginning of the drying cycle as a function of the detected load. For this purpose, a suitable initial temperature and / or to be supplied for heating the dishes Heat energy amount to be predetermined before heating the dishes depending on the load. The loading can be expressed for example by the amount, heat capacity and / or the total surface of the dishes. Thus, the drying cycle can be optimized depending on the load, z. B. be abbreviated at a low load.
Die charakteristische Temperatur kann grundsätzlich an verschiedenen Orten in der Geschirrspülmaschine detektiert werden. Sie kann z. B. eine die Kondensationsfläche kennzeichnende Temperatur sein. Die charakteristische Temperatur kann auch eine die Temperatur des Spülguts kennzeichnende Temperatur sein.The characteristic temperature can in principle be detected at different locations in the dishwasher. You can z. B. be a condensation surface characterizing temperature. The characteristic temperature may also be a temperature indicative of the temperature of the washware.
Eine Differenztemperatur kann beispielsweise aus der die Temperatur des Spülguts kennzeichnenden Temperatur und der die Temperatur der Kondensationsfläche kennzeichnenden Temperatur gebildet werden. Als Temperatur der Kondensationsfläche kann ggf. auch die eines Wärmespeichers dienen. Durch Auswerten der Differenztemperatur wird der Einfluss der Umgebungstemperatur und/oder der Einbausituation und/oder der Einfluss der die Spülkammer umgebenden Wärme- und Geräuschdämmung verringert oder eliminiert, wodurch das charakteristische Merkmal noch zuverlässiger erkannt werden kann.A differential temperature can be formed, for example, from the temperature characterizing the temperature of the ware and the temperature characterizing the temperature of the condensation surface. If necessary, the temperature of the condensation surface can also serve that of a heat accumulator. By evaluating the differential temperature, the influence of the ambient temperature and / or the installation situation and / or the influence of the heat and noise insulation surrounding the washing chamber is reduced or eliminated, whereby the characteristic feature can be detected even more reliably.
Zur Lösung der eingangs genannten Aufgabe wird auch eine Geschirrspülmaschine vorgeschlagen mit einer Spülkammer für Spülgut und einer mit der Spülkammer in Kommunikation stehenden Kondensationsfläche und mit Mitteln zum Aufheizen des Spülguts in der Spülkammer.To solve the object mentioned above, a dishwasher is also proposed with a rinsing chamber for items to be washed and a condensing surface in communication with the rinsing chamber and with means for heating the items to be washed in the rinsing chamber.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Geschirrspülmaschine ferner Mittel zum Erfassen einer Zeitabhängigkeit (T(t)) einer charakteristischen Temperatur (T) und Mittel zum Detektieren eines für den Grad der Verdampfung von Wasser von der Oberfläche des Spülguts charakteristischen Merkmals der Zeitabhängigkeit der charakteristischen Temperatur. Dadurch kann das tatsächliche Ende des Trocknungsvorgangs ermittelt werden. Es lässt sich zudem beladungsabhängig feststellen, so dass der Trocknungsvorgang bedarfsgerecht beendet wird.According to the invention, the dishwasher further comprises means for detecting a time dependence (T (t)) of a characteristic temperature (T) and means for detecting a characteristic of the time dependence of the characteristic temperature characteristic of the degree of evaporation of water from the surface of the dishes. Thereby, the actual end of the drying process can be determined. It can also determine load-dependent, so that the drying process is completed as needed.
Als Kondensationsfläche kann zum Beispiel die Beladungstür dienen. Da die Beladungstür in herkömmlichen Geschirrspülmaschinen ohnehin bereits elektronische Bauteile und Elemente der Ablaufsteuerung aufnimmt, kann dort ein Temperatursensor mit geringem technischem Mehraufwand kostengünstig eingebaut werden. Vorzugsweise steht die Kondensationsfläche in wärmeleitender Kommunikation mit einem Element mit großer Wärmekapazität, beispielsweise mit einem auf eine relativ niedrige Temperatur geregeltem Wasser- bzw. Wärmespeicher. Die Kondensationsfläche kann dann eine mit der Spülkammer in Kommunikation stehende Oberfläche des Wärmespeichers sein. Es ändert sich die Temperatur der Kondensationsfläche während des Aufheizens des Spülguts nur unwesentlich, was eine effektive Kondensations- und daher auch Trocknungswirkung bewirkt. Durch eine große Wärmekapazität des Wasser- bzw. Wärmespeichers wird der Einfluss der Umgebungstemperatur (z. B. Sommer, Winter) oder der Einbausituation (z. B. Nähe zu anderen Wärme erzeugenden Geräten) auf die charakteristische Temperatur zumindest vermindert.The condensation surface can serve as the loading door, for example. Since the loading door already accommodates electronic components and elements of the sequence control in conventional dishwashers anyway, a temperature sensor with little additional technical effort can be installed there cost-effectively. The condensation surface is preferably in heat-conducting communication with an element having a high heat capacity, for example with a water or heat storage device controlled to a relatively low temperature. The condensation surface may then be a surface of the heat accumulator in communication with the rinsing chamber. It changes the temperature of the condensation surface during the heating of the dishes only insignificantly, which causes an effective condensation and therefore drying effect. Due to a high heat capacity of the water or heat storage, the influence of the ambient temperature (eg summer, winter) or the installation situation (eg proximity to other heat-generating devices) to the characteristic temperature is at least reduced.
Das Erfassungsmittel kann dazu ausgebildet sein, die Zeitabhängigkeit einer für die Temperatur der Kondensationsfläche kennzeichnenden Temperatur zu erfassen, und kann beispielsweise ein mit der Kondensationsfläche thermisch gekoppelter Temperatursensor sein. Alternativ kann das Erfassungsmittel dazu ausgebildet sein, die Zeitabhängigkeit einer für die Temperatur des Spülguts kennzeichnenden Temperatur zu erfassen, und kann beispielsweise ein mit durch die Spülkammer umgewälztem Wasser thermisch gekoppelter Temperatursensor sein. Ein geeigneter Ort für seine Anordnung kann zum Beispiel der Pumpensumpf des Automaten sein.The detection means may be adapted to detect the time dependence of a temperature indicative of the temperature of the condensation surface, and may for example be a temperature sensor thermally coupled to the condensation surface. Alternatively, the detection means may be adapted to detect the time dependence of a temperature indicative of the temperature of the dishes, and may be, for example, a thermally coupled temperature sensor with water circulated through the wash chamber. A suitable location for its arrangement may be, for example, the pump sump of the machine.
Das Detektiermittel kann eines oder mehrere der folgenden Mittel umfassen: (i) Mittel zum Erkennen des Erreichens eines Endwerts, (ii) Mittel zum Erkennen des Beginns eines asymptotischen Verhaltens bei Annäherung an den Endwert der charakteristischen Temperatur, (iii) Mittel zum Erkennen des Erreichens eines Schwellwerts der Zeitabhängigkeit, und/oder (iv) Mittel zum Erkennen eines Schwellwerts der Ableitung nach der Zeit bzw. der zeitlichen Ableitung der Zeitabhängigkeit der charakteristischen Temperatur. Diese Mittel können in der Form von Softwaremodulen, die Temperatur-Messsignale der Erfassungsmittel auswerten, realisiert werden. Dazu kann eine zentrale Steuereinheit (Controller) mit einem mit Software programmierbaren Prozessor vorgesehen werden.The detecting means may comprise one or more of the following means: (i) means for detecting the achievement of a final value, (ii) means for detecting the onset of asymptotic behavior approaching the final value of the characteristic temperature, (iii) means for detecting the reaching a threshold of the time dependence, and / or (iv) means for detecting a threshold value of the derivative with respect to the time or the time derivative of the time dependence of the characteristic temperature. These means may be implemented in the form of software modules that evaluate temperature sensing signals of the detection means. For this purpose, a central control unit (controller) can be provided with a software-programmable processor.
Die Geschirrspülmaschine kann ferner Mittel zum Bereitstellen der ersten Ableitung nach der Zeit der Zeitabhängigkeit der charakteristischen Temperatur umfassen, und das Detektiermittel kann Mittel zum Erkennen des Erreichens eines Endwerts bzw. des Beginns eines asymptotischen Verhaltens bei Annäherung an den Endwert der zeitlichen Ableitung der charakteristischen Temperatur umfassen. Alternativ kann es Mittel zum Erkennen des Erreichens eines Schwellwerts der Zeitabhängigkeit oder eines Schwellwerts der zeitlichen Ableitung der Zeitabhängigkeit der charakteristischen Temperatur umfassen. Auch diese Mittel können in der Form von in dem Prozessor ausgeführten Softwaremodulen bereitgestellt werden.The dishwasher may further comprise means for providing the first derivative after the time of the characteristic temperature time dependence, and the detecting means may comprise means for detecting the arrival of an asymptotic behavior approaching the final value of the characteristic temperature derivative , Alternatively, it may comprise means for detecting the achievement of a threshold value of the time dependence or a threshold value of the time derivative of the time dependence of the characteristic temperature. These means may also be provided in the form of software modules executed in the processor.
Für die Berechnung einer Differenztemperatur kann die Temperatur des Spülguts kennzeichnende Temperatur und die Temperatur der Kondensationsfläche oder der Oberfläche des Temperaturspeichers kennzeichnenden Temperatur verwendet werden. Zur Messung der Temperatur des Spülguts kann ein erster Temperatursensor in einem Umwälzkreislauf des durch die Spülkammer umgewälzten Wassers, beispielsweise in einer Umwälzpumpe, angeordnet sein. Alternativ kann die Temperaturmessung an einem mit dem Spülgut in Wärmeaustausch stehenden Medium, wie etwa dem das Spülgut aufnehmenden Beladungskorb, oder in der Spülkammer, z. B. in der Nähe des Aufnahmeplatzes für das Spülgut, ausgeführt werden. Zur Messung der Temperatur der Kondensationsfläche kann ein zweiter Temperatursensor in thermischem Kontakt mit der Kondensationsfläche oder der Oberfläche des Temperaturspeichers dienen. Durch Bilden und Auswerten einer Temperaturdifferenz kann der Einfluss der Umgebungsbedingungen oder der Einbausituation auf die Steuerung des Trocknungsgangs ebenfalls verringert oder eliminiert werden.For the calculation of a differential temperature, the temperature of the washware characterizing temperature and the temperature of the condensing surface or the surface of the temperature storage temperature indicative temperature can be used. For measuring the temperature of the items to be washed, a first temperature sensor can be arranged in a circulation circuit of the water circulated through the rinsing chamber, for example in a circulating pump. Alternatively, the temperature measurement on a standing in heat exchange with the items to be washed medium, such as the load receiving the dishes, or in the washing chamber, for. B. in the vicinity of the receiving space for the items to be washed out. For measuring the temperature of the condensation surface, a second temperature sensor may serve in thermal contact with the condensation surface or the surface of the temperature storage device. By forming and evaluating a temperature difference, the influence of the environmental conditions or the installation situation on the control of the drying cycle can also be reduced or eliminated.
Ferner ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass eine das Spülgut kennzeichnenden Temperatur und/oder eine die Kondensationsfläche kennzeichnenden Temperatur erfasst und ausgewertet werden. Hierzu kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die verschiedenen Messwerte unterschiedlich gewichtet werden, bevor sie ausgewertet werden.Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a temperature characterizing the items to be washed and / or a temperature characterizing the condensation area are detected and evaluated. For this purpose, it can also be provided that the different measured values are weighted differently before they are evaluated.
Eine Ausführungsform einer derartigen Erfassungs- und Berechnungseinrichtung kann beispielsweise in einer Geschirrspülmaschine mit einem Wärmespeicher einen ersten Temperatursensor im Speicher aufweisen. Ein zweiter Sensor kann im Spülraum und ein dritter in der Zugabe für Spülmittel in der Beladungstür angebracht sein. Aus gleichzeitig erfassten Werten des zweiten und des dritten Sensors bildet die Berechnungseinrichtung je einen Verhältniswert (Quotienten), den sie von einem gleichzeitig gemessenen Temperaturwert des ersten Sensors abzieht. Für mehrere Zeitpunkte innerhalb einer Zeitspanne erfasst ergibt sich eine Kurve mit fallendem Verlauf, die sich einer Temperatur als Schwellwert asymptotisch nähert. Der Schwellwert symbolisiert die vollständige Trocknung. Hat sich ihm die Kurve bis auf einen bestimmten Annäherungsbetrag genähert oder den Schwellwert selbst erreicht, erhält die Steuerungseinheit ein entsprechendes Signal, woraufhin sie den Trocknungsvorgang beendet.An embodiment of such a detection and calculation device can, for example, have a first temperature sensor in the memory in a dishwasher with a heat accumulator. A second sensor can in the washing compartment and a third be added in the addition for detergent in the loading door. From simultaneously detected values of the second and the third sensor, the calculation device each forms a ratio value (quotient), which it subtracts from a simultaneously measured temperature value of the first sensor. Detected for several times within a period of time results in a curve with falling course, which approaches a temperature as a threshold asymptotically. The threshold symbolizes complete drying. If the curve has approached it to a certain approximation or reaches the threshold itself, the control unit receives a corresponding signal, whereupon it terminates the drying process.
Das Prinzip der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung beispielshalber noch näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- die Zeitabhängigkeit einer Temperatur während der Arbeitsgänge im Spülraum einer Geschirrspülmaschine mit Eigenwärmetrocknung;
- Fig. 2
- die Zeitabhängigkeit der Temperatur im Spülraum der Geschirrspülmaschine während des Klarspül- und Trockengangs für verschiedene Beladungen;
- Fig. 3
- einen schematischen Querschnitt (in Seitenansicht) einer Geschirrspülmaschine; und
- Fig. 4
- einen schematischen Querschnitt (in Vorderansicht) einer Geschirrspülmaschine mit einem Temperaturspeicher.
- Fig. 1
- the time dependence of a temperature during the operations in the washing compartment of a dishwasher with self-heat drying;
- Fig. 2
- the time dependence of the temperature in the washing compartment of the dishwasher during the rinse and dry cycle for different loads;
- Fig. 3
- a schematic cross section (in side view) of a dishwasher; and
- Fig. 4
- a schematic cross section (in front view) of a dishwasher with a temperature storage.
Zwischen dem Reinigungsgang 6 und dem Zwischenspülgang 8 wird das Spülwasser aus der Spülkammer 14 abgepumpt und sauberes kaltes Frischwasser zugeführt. Das Frischwasser wird während des Zwischenspülgangs 8 für eine Zeitdauer von ca. 5 min umgewälzt und erwärmt sich dabei durch Kontakt mit den aus dem Reinigungsgang 6 noch warmen Teilen in der Spülkammer 14, wie etwa dem Spülgut 28, 28a, 28b, einem Beladungskorb 30, einem Wassersprüh-Dreharm 24 und den Wänden der Spülkammer 14 sowie Teilen in einem Umwälzkreislauf 22a, 20, 22b. Zum Wechsel vom Zwischenspülgang 8 in den nachfolgenden Klarspülgang 10 wird das Zwischenspül-Wasser aus der Spülkammer 14 abgepumpt und erneut kaltes Frischwasser zugeführt.Between the
In bekannten Geschirrspülmaschinen mit Eigenwärmetrocknung wird das zugeführte, kalte Frischwasser im Klarspülgang 10 während einer vorbestimmten, fest eingestellten Zeit, z. B. ca. 15 min, umgewälzt und dabei mit einer vorbestimmten, festen Heizleistung auf die Anfangstemperatur T0 für den abschließenden Trocknungsvorgang 12, z. B. auf ca. 65°C, erhitzt.In known dishwashers with self-heat drying, the supplied, cold fresh water in the rinse
Mit dem Abschalten der Heizleistung beginnt der Trocknungsgang 12. Für die normale Beladung n verändert die Temperatur Tn(t) ihren Verlauf im Wesentlichen entsprechend einer abfallenden Exponentialfunktion. Mit der Abnahme der charakteristischen Temperatur Tn trocknet die Beladung zunehmend, d. h. ein auf dem Spülgut 28a, 28b vorhandener Feuchtigkeitsfilm verdampft und kondensiert auf einer kalten Fläche, z. B. einer kalten Wand oder der Innenseite der Beladungstür 16 in der Spülkammer 14. Zu einem Zeitpunkt t12,n erreicht der zeitliche Temperaturverlauf Tn(t) eine Temperatur T12,n, die sich anschließend nur noch unwesentlich ändert und das Erreichen eines asymptotischen Zustands markiert. Damit ist der Feuchtigkeitsfilm auf dem Spülgut 28 vollständig verdampft. Der Trocknungsgang 12 für die Beladung n zum Zeitpunkt t12,n kann beendet werden.When the heating power is switched off, the drying
In diesem Beispiel entspricht der Temperaturverlauf Tn(t) dem zu detektierenden charakteristischen Merkmal für den Grad der Verdampfung. Das Erreichen des asymptotischen Zustands ist das charakteristische Merkmal für die vollständige Trocknung des Spülguts 28. Durch das Detektieren des zeitlichen Verlaufs T(t) der charakteristischen Temperatur T kann das Ende des Trocknungsgangs 12 erkannt und der Trocknungsgang 12 beendet werden. Beispielsweise kann ein optisches oder akustisches Signal für "Trocknung beendet" oder auch ein geräteinternes Steuersignal erzeugt werden, woraufhin der Trocknungsgang 12 beendet und der Geschirrspülautomat ausgeschaltet und/oder in einen Bereitschaftszustand zum Öffnen der Beladungstür 16 und Ausräumen der Spülkammer 14 versetzt wird.In this example, the temperature profile T n (t) corresponds to the characteristic feature for the degree of evaporation to be detected. The achievement of the asymptotic state is the characteristic feature for the complete drying of the wash item 28. By detecting the time profile T (t) of the characteristic temperature T, the end of the drying
Im Beispiel der
Durch Detektieren des Erreichens des asymptotischen Zustands des Temperaturverlaufs wird die vollständige Trocknung des Spülguts 28 in Abhängigkeit von der Beladung erkannt. Dies kann dazu ausgenutzt werden, den Trocknungsgang 12 bei Erreichen der vollständigen Trocknung zu beenden und mithin in Abhängigkeit von der Beladung stets ein ausreichendes Trocknungsergebnis (vollständige Trocknung) zu erzielen. Dadurch wird der Trocknungsgang gegenüber einem Trocknungsgang mit fest einprogrammierten Ablaufparametern (fixe Anfangstemperatur, fixe Trocknungszeit) optimiert. Denn bei geringer Beladung kann der Trocknungsgang 12 früher beendet werden als bei herkömmlichen Geschirrspülautomaten mit fest eingestellter Trocknungsdauer.By detecting the achievement of the asymptotic state of the temperature profile, the complete drying of the washware 28 as a function of the load is detected. This can be exploited to complete the drying
In der bisherigen Beschreibung wurde angenommen, dass die charakteristische Temperatur eine Temperatur in der Spülkammer 14, z. B. die Temperatur des Spülguts 28a, 28b ist. Die charakteristische Temperatur kann jedoch auch eine andere Temperatur-Messgröße sein, wie z. B. in den in den
Eine Geschirrspülmaschine gemäß
Der erste Temperaturfühler 32 ist in der Umwälzpumpe 20 angeordnet. Er dient zum Messen einer Temperatur T1 bzw. zum Erfassen der Zeitabhängigkeit T1 (t) der Spüllauge im Umwälzkreislauf. Er kann jedoch auch an anderen Positionen im Umwälzkreislauf, wie etwa im Zulauf 22a, Ablauf 22b oder in einer Vertiefung in der Bodenwand der Spülkammer 14 in der Nähe der Öffnung des Ablaufs 22b angeordnet sein.The
Der zweite Temperaturfühler 34 ist in Kontakt mit der innenseitigen Wand, d. h. der der Spülkammer 14 zugewandten Wand der Beladungstür 16 angeordnet. Er dient zum Messen einer Referenz-Temperatur T2 bzw. zum Erfassen der Zeitabhängigkeit der Referenz-Temperatur T2(t), die für die Temperatur einer kalten Fläche in der Spülkammer 14 charakteristisch ist. Er kann jedoch auch an anderen Positionen angeordnet sein, wie etwa in einem Bedienpaneel 18 in der Beladungstemperatur 16, wo er leicht mit dort ohnehin vorhandenen elektrischen Kabeln an die zugehörige Temperaturauslesevorrichtung angeschlossen werden kann.The
Die zum Detektieren eines charakteristischen Merkmals charakteristische Temperatur T(t) ist die Differenz der Temperaturen T1 und T2, d.h. T(t) = ΔT12(t) := T1(t) - T2(t). Die von dem ersten Temperaturfühler 32 im Umwälzkreislauf gemessene Temperatur T1 des Wassers wird nach dem Ausschalten der Heizleistung am Ende des Klarspülgangs ab dem Beginn des Trocknungsgangs fallen. Der zeitliche Verlauf T1(t) kann durch eine im Verlauf der Zeit abfallende Kurve mit einer Form ähnlich der in
Die Geschirrspülmaschine in
Der Wärmespeicher 38 wird zu Beginn des Klarspülgangs oder zu Beginn des Trocknungsgangs mit im Vergleich zur umgewälzten Spüllauge relativ kaltem Frischwasser befüllt. Die Temperatur T3 im Wärmespeicher 38 steigt während des Klarspülgangs durch Wärmeübertragung in die und durch die Wände der Spülkammer 14 an, jedoch langsamer als die Temperatur T1. Für den Anstieg der Temperatur T3 ab dem Beginn des Trocknungsgangs sorgt Wärme, die durch Kondensation des vom Spülgut 28a, 28b abgedampften Wassers an der kalten Seitenwand der Spülkammer 14 frei wird, an der der Wärmespeicher 38 anliegt. Die zum Detektieren des charakteristischen Merkmals charakteristische Temperatur T(t) ist die Temperatur T3 im Wärmespeicher, d. h. T(t) = T3(t). Das für das Erreichen der vollständigen Trocknung des Spülguts charakteristische Merkmal ist hier das Überschreiten eines geeignet gewählten, für die vollständige Trocknung charakteristischen kritischen Werts, d. h. ein Schwellwert für T3.The
Eine geeignete Steuerungsschaltung verhindert, dass die Beladungstür 16 während des Klarspül- und Trocknungsvorgangs 10 und 12 geöffnet werden kann. Dadurch kann eine Befeuchtung des Spülguts durch Rückkondensation beim Öffnen der Beladungstür verhindert werden.A suitable control circuit prevents the
- 22
- Vorspülgang / vorspülenPre-rinse / pre-rinse
- 44
- Reinigungsgang / reinigenCleaning cycle / clean
- 66
- Reinigungsgang / reinigenCleaning cycle / clean
- 88th
- Zwischenspülgang / zwischenspülenIntermediate rinse / intermediate rinsing
- 1010
- Klarspülgang / klarspülenRinse cycle / rinse
- 1212
- Trocknungsgang / trocknenDrying / drying
- 1414
- Spülkammerrinsing chamber
- 1616
- Beladungstürloading door
- 1818
- Bedienpaneelcontrol panel
- 1919
- Bodenplattebaseplate
- 2020
- Umwälzpumpecirculating pump
- 22a22a
- Zulauf der UmlaufleitungInlet of the circulation line
- 22b22b
- Ablauf der UmlaufleitungSequence of the circulation line
- 2424
- Wassersprüh-DreharmWater spray rotating arm
- 2626
- Sprühdüsenspray nozzles
- 2828
- Spülgutware
- 3030
- Beladungskorbload basket
- 3232
- erster Temperaturfühlerfirst temperature sensor
- 3434
- zweiter Temperaturfühlersecond temperature sensor
- 3636
- dritter Temperaturfühlerthird temperature sensor
- 3838
- Wasserspeicherwater-tank
- 40a40a
- Zulaufleitungsupply line
- 40b40b
- Ablaufleitungdrain line
- 4242
- Zulaufventilinlet valve
Claims (8)
mit folgenden Schritten:
with the following steps:
und
Mittel zum Detektieren eines für den Grad der Verdampfung von Wasser von der Oberfläche des Spülguts (28a, 28b) kennzeichnenden Merkmals des Temperaturverlaufs der charakteristischen Temperatur.Dishwashing machine having a wash chamber for items to be washed and a condensation area in communication with the wash chamber and means for heating the wash item in the wash chamber to a predetermined start temperature which is above the temperature of the condensation area, characterized by means for detecting a time dependence ( T (t) ) of a characteristic temperature ( T ), the latter comprising a first temperature sensor (32) for detecting the time dependency of a temperature (T 1 ) indicative of the temperature of the washware and a second temperature sensor (34) for detecting the time dependence of a temperature indicative of the condensing surface ( T 2 ).
and
Means for detecting a temperature characteristic characteristic of the characteristic temperature characteristic of the degree of evaporation of water from the surface of the items to be washed (28a, 28b).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL10176384T PL2289389T3 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2008-11-11 | Method for monitoring the drying period in dishwashers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007059516A DE102007059516A1 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2007-12-11 | Method for drying time control in dishwashers |
EP08859884A EP2222219B1 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2008-11-11 | Method for the drying time control in dishwashers |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08859884.2 Division | 2008-11-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2289389A1 true EP2289389A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
EP2289389B1 EP2289389B1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
Family
ID=40230007
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10176384A Active EP2289389B1 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2008-11-11 | Method for monitoring the drying period in dishwashers |
EP08859884A Active EP2222219B1 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2008-11-11 | Method for the drying time control in dishwashers |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08859884A Active EP2222219B1 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2008-11-11 | Method for the drying time control in dishwashers |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100236575A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2289389B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101896113B (en) |
AT (2) | ATE551942T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007059516A1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2369513T3 (en) |
PL (2) | PL2222219T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2493766C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009074416A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9895044B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2018-02-20 | Whirlpool Corporation | Dishwasher with controlled dry cycle |
JP6256829B2 (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2018-01-10 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Tableware dryer |
CN105105694B (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2018-07-13 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Apparatus for control of drying, method and the dish-washing machine of dish-washing machine |
EP3551027B8 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2021-04-28 | Indelfab S.P.A. In Liquidazione | Machine for the drying of dishes or the like and method for the drying of dishes or the like with said machine. |
CN107440654A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Control method, dish-washing machine and the computer-readable recording medium of dish-washing machine |
CN108720781B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2021-02-26 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Temperature detection method and device for dish washing machine and computer readable storage medium |
US20220034918A1 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-02-03 | Hitachi High-Tech Corporation | Automatic analyzer |
CN109674423A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of dish-washing machine furnace drying method, device and dish-washing machine |
DE102019134182A1 (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | Miele & Cie. Kg | Method and device for operating a cleaning device and cleaning device |
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DE19818812A1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-10-28 | Aeg Hausgeraete Gmbh | Dishwasher and method for drying dishes |
EP0978250A2 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2000-02-09 | Bitron S.p.A. | A device for drying the dishes at the end of the washing process of a dishwasher |
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-
2007
- 2007-12-11 DE DE102007059516A patent/DE102007059516A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-11-11 AT AT10176384T patent/ATE551942T1/en active
- 2008-11-11 US US12/745,697 patent/US20100236575A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-11 CN CN2008801202747A patent/CN101896113B/en active Active
- 2008-11-11 PL PL08859884T patent/PL2222219T3/en unknown
- 2008-11-11 EP EP10176384A patent/EP2289389B1/en active Active
- 2008-11-11 PL PL10176384T patent/PL2289389T3/en unknown
- 2008-11-11 RU RU2010125032/12A patent/RU2493766C2/en active
- 2008-11-11 ES ES08859884T patent/ES2369513T3/en active Active
- 2008-11-11 WO PCT/EP2008/065296 patent/WO2009074416A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-11-11 AT AT08859884T patent/ATE524100T1/en active
- 2008-11-11 ES ES10176384T patent/ES2381992T3/en active Active
- 2008-11-11 EP EP08859884A patent/EP2222219B1/en active Active
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US3600819A (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1971-08-24 | Whirlpool Co | Dryness sensor |
WO1998033427A1 (en) * | 1997-02-03 | 1998-08-06 | Arçelik A.S. | A dish-washer wherein the humidity control is made by a temperature sensor |
DE19818812A1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-10-28 | Aeg Hausgeraete Gmbh | Dishwasher and method for drying dishes |
EP0978250A2 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2000-02-09 | Bitron S.p.A. | A device for drying the dishes at the end of the washing process of a dishwasher |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE524100T1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
DE102007059516A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
PL2222219T3 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
EP2222219B1 (en) | 2011-09-14 |
PL2289389T3 (en) | 2012-09-28 |
ATE551942T1 (en) | 2012-04-15 |
ES2381992T3 (en) | 2012-06-04 |
ES2369513T3 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
RU2010125032A (en) | 2012-01-20 |
EP2222219A1 (en) | 2010-09-01 |
EP2289389B1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
RU2493766C2 (en) | 2013-09-27 |
WO2009074416A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
CN101896113B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
US20100236575A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
CN101896113A (en) | 2010-11-24 |
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