EP2274759A1 - Schaltkammer - Google Patents
SchaltkammerInfo
- Publication number
- EP2274759A1 EP2274759A1 EP09745729A EP09745729A EP2274759A1 EP 2274759 A1 EP2274759 A1 EP 2274759A1 EP 09745729 A EP09745729 A EP 09745729A EP 09745729 A EP09745729 A EP 09745729A EP 2274759 A1 EP2274759 A1 EP 2274759A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact piece
- switching chamber
- wall
- contact
- chamber according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/34—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with provision for adjusting position of contact relative to its co-operating contact
Definitions
- the invention relates to a switching chamber, in particular a vacuum interrupter chamber, with an evacuated housing, which has a first wall and a first wall emphasizelie ⁇ ing second wall, a first contact piece, which passes through the first wall and is rigidly connected thereto, and a second Contact piece, which passes through the second wall.
- Such switching chambers are used for example in the form of vacuum interrupters in circuit breakers with which large electrical currents can be switched.
- a switching chamber of the type mentioned is known from German Patent Application DE 26 33 543 Al.
- the second contact is piece that extends through the second wall, supported so schiebebe ⁇ movably that in the direction of Vakuumschaltwaitau touch- space, it can be pulled out of the vacuum interrupter chamber pushed into the interior of the vacuum interrupter chamber or.
- the tightness of the evacuated housing is produced by means of an elastic metal bellows, one end of which is fastened to the second wall and the other end to the second contact piece.
- the invention has for its object to provide a switching chamber, which can be easily and inexpensively manufactured.
- This object is achieved with a switching chamber of the type mentioned ge ⁇ by the fact that the second contact piece is rigidly connected to the second wall such that in the off state of the switching chamber in the housing interior is a preselected distance between the first contact piece and the second contact piece, and at least a part of the housing (ie, a housing part) is plastically deformable, where ⁇ by an electric Contact between the first contact piece and the second contact piece inside the housing can be produced.
- the second Kon ⁇ tact piece is rigid - in particular bellows and bearingless, ie without an elastic metal bellows and without a sliding bearing - connected to the second wall, so that in the off state of the switching chamber a predetermined distance between see the first Contact piece and the second contact piece is present in the interior of the switching chamber. Since neither a metal bellows nor a bearing is needed for the second contact ⁇ piece of the switching chamber, the switching chamber can be made very simple and therefore cost-effective. Furthermore, it is essential lent that at least a part of the housing is plastically warp ⁇ bar; by plastic deformation of the housing, an electrical contact between the first contact piece and the second contact piece inside the housing can be produced.
- a plastically deformable housing can be realized very easily and inexpensively.
- one or more parts of the housing may consist of comparatively thin, plastically deformable metal sheet with respect to the contact pieces.
- a preselected distance (minimum distance, insulation distance) Zvi ⁇ rule the first contact piece and the second contact piece is present. This ensures that (for example, during transport or during assembly of the switching chamber), the contact pieces do not accidentally collide or alsein- can beat.
- unintentional damage to the contacts is reliably prevented.
- ⁇ sondere damage in the form of bumps z. B. scratches or dents
- the contact piece surface characterized made possible relatively planar contact piece surfaces having due to lack of field strength peaks very good insulation behavior (dielectric properties).
- the switching chamber can be designed so that the part of the casing is plastically deformable so as to move toward at on ⁇ bring a Verformkraft on the part of the housing and / or on one of the contact pieces, the contact pieces under reduced copy ⁇ tion of their mutual distance toward each other until they touch each other. By applying this deformation force, the switching chamber can be switched on, ie produce an electrical contact between the first contact piece and the second contact piece.
- the switching chamber may be configured such that the housing has a hollow-cylindrical insulating part, at one end face of which the first wall adjoins and at the other end face of which the second wall adjoins.
- the hollow ⁇ cylindrical insulating part made of ceramic and the first wall and / or the second wall of metal best ⁇ hen.
- the switching chamber can be designed so that the first wall and / or the second wall plastically deformable are. Furthermore, the first contact piece can be welded, soldered or pressed into the first wall and the second contact piece welded into the second wall, soldered or pressed ⁇ . Welding, soldering or press-fitting makes it very easy to produce a vacuum-tight or gas-tight connection between the contact piece and the respective wall.
- the switching chamber may be constructed so that the first contact piece and / or the second contact piece in the interior of the switching chamber has substantially the shape of a cylinder with flat end faces.
- Such structured contact ⁇ piece can advantageously be particularly easy and there ⁇ ago produced at low cost.
- the switching chamber can be realized so that the end faces facing each other in spaced out scarf ⁇ ended state of the switching chamber and in the switched state of the switching chamber, the end faces touch each other.
- the switching chamber may be suitable for switching on only once.
- a device for applying the Verformkraft is advantageously single ⁇ level required to parts of the housing of the switching chamber, but no device for applying a rinse-in-place, ie, a force to make the deformations reversed.
- the switching chamber can also be configured such that the first contact piece and the second contact piece have connection means which inextricably connect to one another during the production of the electrical contact between the first contact piece and the second contact piece.
- connection means which inextricably connect to one another during the production of the electrical contact between the first contact piece and the second contact piece.
- the switching chamber can be configured such that the connecting means have a pin on one of the contact pieces and a recess on the other of the contact pieces.
- the switching chamber can also be designed so that upon making the electrical contact between the first contact piece and the second contact piece, the pin is plastically deformable after entering the recess.
- the plastic deformability of the pin is guaranteed to be ⁇ Sonder simple manner that the pin of a contact piece and the recess of the other con ⁇ tact tee connect permanently and inseparably.
- the switching chamber can be designed so that the volume of the pin in the deformed state corresponds at least to the volume of the recess. This ensures that the pin rests in a deformed state on the entire inner surface of the recess and thereby on the entire inner surface of the recess a secure electrical connection between the first contact piece and the second contact piece is made.
- the switching chamber may be constructed so that the recess has an undercut. This creates a particularly secure and secure connection between the first contact piece and the second contact piece made; There is namely in the on state of the switching chamber both a positive connection and a frictional connection between the ver ⁇ shaped pin and the recess.
- the switching chamber can also be designed so that the first contact piece and the second contact piece in the region of the connecting means consist of copper.
- a switching chamber can be produced in a particularly cost-effective manner. Copper is namely he ⁇ considerably cheaper than the high-strength contact materials commonly used for vacuum interrupters.
- the switching chamber can be designed so that the switching ⁇ chamber is in operative connection with a switching unit, which is designed for applying a deformation force on the (plastically deformable) part or the plastically deformable parts of the housing and / or on one of the contact pieces.
- a switching unit which is designed for applying a deformation force on the (plastically deformable) part or the plastically deformable parts of the housing and / or on one of the contact pieces.
- the switching chamber can also be designed so that the switching chamber is operatively connected to a pressure generating unit, which is designed to apply a compressive force on the first contact piece and / or the second contact piece after establishing the electrical contact between the first contact piece and the second contact piece.
- a pressure generating unit is advantageously achieved that even after switching a particularly si ⁇ chere connection between the first contact piece and the second contact piece remains.
- the switching chamber can also be designed so that the switching unit of the pressure generating unit ent ⁇ speaks.
- one unit can be used advantageously, which works when you turn the switch ⁇ chamber as switch-on and after turning on the switching chamber as a pressure generating unit.
- Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an arrangement with a vacuum interrupter
- Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of an arrangement with a vacuum interrupter
- Figure 3 shows an embodiment of two contact pieces in the off state of the vacuum interrupter chamber and in
- FIG. 1 shows a sectional view in the left-hand part of a switching chamber in the form of a vacuum interrupter chamber 1 and in the right-hand part a start-up and pressure-generating unit 2 operatively connected to this vacuum interrupter chamber.
- the vacuum switching chamber 1 (here in the form of a Vakkumschaltrschreibe) has a vacuum interrupter chamber housing, which has a hollow cylindrical insulating part 4. This insulating part may, for example, be a hollow cylinder made of ceramic.
- a sheet metal e.g., stainless steel for example ⁇ sheet
- This first wall 6 is penetrated by a first contact piece 8.
- the first contact piece 8 is formed mechanically fixed, as indicated by a schraf ⁇ bombtes fixed boundary part 9 in the left part of Figure 1.
- the first contact piece 8 is performed in the exemplary embodiment is rigidly connected to the first wall 6, it is, for example, welded, soldered or press-fitted into the first wall. 6 In this way, a vacuum-tight connection between the first contact piece 8 and the first wall 6 is produced.
- the first wall 6 is - ⁇ example by means of a soldering process - in a known manner vacuum-tight manner to the hollow-cylindrical insulating member 4 are connected.
- This second wall 10 is penetrated by a second contact piece 12.
- the second Contact piece 12 is rigidly connected to the second wall, it is, for example, welded, soldered or pressed into the second wall.
- the second contact piece 12 is connected to a power supply element 13, which realizes the power supply to the second contact piece 12.
- the second wall 10 is the first wall 6 disciplinelie ⁇ ing arranged. Both walls 6 and 10 are constructed identically in Wesentli ⁇ chen.
- the housing consisting of insulating part 4, first wall 6 and second wall 10 of the vacuum interrupter chamber 1 is evacuated, inside this housing be ⁇ finds itself a vacuum.
- the switching chamber according to the invention may be sawn also find an insulating gas in place of vacuum in the interior of the housing, for example, sulfur hexafluoride SF6, or under pressure ste ⁇ budding nitrogen;., It then is in the switching chamber for a gas-insulated switching chamber)
- the first Contact piece 8 is rigidly connected to the first wall 6 and the second contact piece 12 is rigidly connected to the second wall 10 in such a way that in the illustrated switched-off state of the vacuum interrupter inside the housing a preselected distance as insulation distance between the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 is present.
- This preselected, steady off-state of the vacuum switching chamber spacing is set at the herstel ⁇ development of the vacuum switching chamber; the distance is in the exemplary embodiment 8 mm effek ⁇ tive at a switching chamber with a continuous withstand voltage of 10 kV AC voltage.
- the distance between the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 can be between 2 mm to 8 mm, which effectively results in vacuum interrupters having a duration withstand voltage 3 to 10 kV AC voltage clamping ⁇ .
- Vacuum switch chambers with a continuous dielectric strength between 10 and 40 kV AC In general, it can be realized advantageously effectively if the distance between the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 is selected to be between 8 mm and 30 mm.
- Parts of the housing of the vacuum interrupter chamber are plastically deformable, in the exemplary embodiment, the first wall 6 and the second wall 10 is plastically deformable.
- a force F 2 directed axially relative to the cylindrical contact pieces acts on the second contact piece 12
- this force F 2 is transmitted via the second contact piece 12 to the second wall 10 of the vacuum interrupter chamber.
- This force F 2 deforms the second wall 10 plastically, whereby the second contact piece 12 is pressed into the interior of the vacuum interrupter chamber 1. This reduces the insulation distance shown in Figure 1 between the first contact ⁇ piece 8 and the second contact piece 12.
- the second contact piece 12 is under plastic deformation of the switching chamber housing (here: under plastic deformation of the second wall 10) so far in the Interior of the housing hineinge ⁇ pushed until it touches the first contact piece 8. This creates an electrical contact between the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12; the vacuum interrupter is then in the on state.
- the first wall 6 designed plastically deformable.
- the first contact piece 8 under the action of the force F 2 or a counter force arising on the left-hand side limiting member 9, the first contact piece 8 also moves into the interior of the vacuum interrupter chamber during the switching-on process, with deformation of the first wall 6.
- Both the first contact piece 8 and the second contact ⁇ piece 12 have in the embodiment substantially the shape of a cylinder (bolt shape), which has flat, planar end faces.
- the free end face of the first contact ⁇ piece 8 of the free end face of the second contact piece 12 is spaced and parallel. When switching on, this distance is always lower until touching the end faces of the two contact pieces in the on state of the vacuum interrupter chamber.
- a unit 2 which functions both as a switch-on unit and as a pressure-generating unit.
- This switch-on and pressure generating unit 2 has a first lever 14, one end of which is rotatably connected to one end of a second lever 16.
- a dashed Darge ⁇ presented connecting bracket 18 ensures that the rotatably connected ends of the lever remain ben in contact.
- a support member 19 ensures that the first lever 14 and the second lever 16 in the off state of the vacuum interrupter occupy the illustrated angled Stel ⁇ ment each other and in particular prevented from moving along the axis of the vacuum interrupter chamber 1 (the axis of the contact pieces 8, 12 corresponds).
- the support member 19 is configured as a glass ampoule (glass cylinder); but it can also be configured differently, for example, as a metal stop, which is removed when you turn.
- the free end of the first lever 14 acts on the outside of the vacuum ⁇ switching chamber 1 located end of the second contact piece 12, while the free end of the second lever 16 is connected to one end of a prestressed spring element 20.
- the other end of the spring element 20 is against a fixed boundary 22 (eg a wall) supported.
- the spring ⁇ element 20 is optional, alternatively, the free end of the second lever 16 may be supported directly against the wall 22.
- a force F 1 acting perpendicular to the axis of the vacuum interrupter chamber is applied to the center piece of the first lever 14.
- This force Fi can be generated in any manner, for example by means of an electromagnetic drive or a
- the unit 2 has worked as a switch-on unit, ie it has applied a deformation force F 2 to the plastically deformable parts 10 and 6 of the housing of the vacuum interrupter chamber 1.
- F 2 deformation force
- the unit 2 takes on ⁇ due to the tensioned spring 20 also a pressure force on the second contact piece 12, the force of the tensioned spring 20 presses continues then in alignment aligned first lever 14 and second lever 16 against the second Contact piece 12.
- the unit 2 now works as a printer ⁇ generating unit.
- the generated compressive force ensures that an electrical contact between the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 remains permanently.
- the vacuum interrupter chamber is thus reliably held in the on stale ⁇ ended state.
- ⁇ probably produces the Verformkraft as well as the pressing force from one and the same unit 2; So the unit 2 operates so ⁇ well as integrated switch-on as well as Druckerzeugungsein-.
- FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment which, except for the design of the first contact piece 8 and of the second contact piece 12, corresponds to the arrangement illustrated in FIG.
- end face of the first contact piece 8 and the end face of the second Kon ⁇ contact piece 12 are not configured even. Rather, in the free end face of the first contact piece 8, a Ausneh ⁇ tion 30 is arranged and the free end face of the second contact piece 12 carries a pin 32. Both the recess 30 and the pin 32 are connecting means, which in connecting the electrical contact between the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 inextricably connect with each other.
- a permanent connection is here understood to mean a connection which can not be released again in a nondestructive manner.
- This connection is achieved by moving the first contact piece toward the second contact piece, ie when the electrical contact between the first contact piece and the first contact piece is moved toward one another second contact piece of the pin 32 enters the recess 30 and is plastically deformed in the recess, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
- There- with the first contact piece 8 and the second contact ⁇ piece 12 are inextricably linked.
- FIG. 3 the ends of the first contact piece 8 and of the second contact piece 12 that are opposite one another in the interior of the disconnected vacuum interrupter chamber 1 are shown in section.
- the recess 30 is located in the first contact piece 8.
- the second contact piece 12 has the pin 32.
- the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the pin 32 corresponds approximately to the smallest diameter of the recess, which has an undercut 34 in the embodiment.
- the recess has a dovetail-shaped cross-section.
- a chamfer 36 allows easy entry of the pin 32 in the recess 30th
- the pin Due to the kinetic energy of the second contact piece 12, the pin is further inserted into the recess after the contact between the end face 38 and bottom 40 and thereby plastically deformed. In this case, the material of the pin adapts to the shape of the recess 30 and fills it completely.
- the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 are made entirely of copper. This is particularly advantageous because the expensive high-strength contact materials usually used in Vakuumschaltkam ⁇ numbers in the contact area are not required in the inventive vacuum interrupter chamber.
- the use of copper is also advantageous in the described vacuum interrupter chamber because in the manufacturing process of the vacuum interrupter chamber (in particular in the soldering of the ceramic tube 4 with the metal caps 6 and 10 and possibly the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 at high temperatures under vacuum, for example at about 800 ° C) the copper material of the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 is annealed.
- the pin 32 after this heat treatment easily plastically deformable, so that upon entering of the pin in the recess even at relatively low forces, a plasma- tical deformation of the pin and then a positive connection and a frictional connection between the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 occurs.
- surface contamination of the copper of the first contact piece 8 and of the second contact piece 12 is eliminated during this heat treatment occurring during the production of the vacuum interrupter chamber, so that cold welding of the first contact piece 8 to the second contact piece 12 takes place during the plastic deformation of the tap.
- the vacuum switching chamber shown in Figure 2 in conjunction with Figures 3 and 4 is suitable for single ⁇ Lich one-time switching, which is quite sufficient for many applications.
- a multiple Verwen- is fertil in general (for example, in the illustrated in Figure 1 the vacuum interrupter) possible, however, if the switching chamber maintains its gas-tight or vacuum tightness during plastic deformation, and the switching chamber retains itsforensicstüch ⁇ ACTION even after a pulling apart of the contacts examples ,
- switching chambers that are constructed without bearings for moving parts and without a bellows and therefore can be made very easily and inexpensively.
- Such switching chambers eg vacuum interrupters, can be used to advantage in order to prevent damage from switching devices of the energy transmission and energy distribution in case of failure. If, in such a fault due to a short circuit, an arc in the switching device is formed, the current of this arc when switching ⁇ on the switching chamber described (which forms a secondary path to the arc fault) commutate in this switching chamber; this leads to a cancellation of the arc fault.
- the plastically deformed Interrupter replaced by a new, non-deformed is exploiting Dende in out ⁇ off state switching chamber.
- the switching chamber shown in Figure 2 in conjunction with Figures 3 and 4 is only switched to the one-time input is provided, which often - for example, for the above-described field of application - is sufficient.
- the switching chamber according to Figure 1 is particularly advantageous due to the planar end faces of the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 ⁇ high dielectric strength in the off state.
- the distance between the first contact piece 8 and the second contact piece 12 present in the switched-off state can be made small, as a result of which a compactly structured switching chamber with relatively small external dimensions can be realized.
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200810024419 DE102008024419B3 (de) | 2008-05-16 | 2008-05-16 | Schaltkammer |
PCT/EP2009/055705 WO2009138397A1 (de) | 2008-05-16 | 2009-05-12 | Schaltkammer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2274759A1 true EP2274759A1 (de) | 2011-01-19 |
Family
ID=40934120
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09745729A Withdrawn EP2274759A1 (de) | 2008-05-16 | 2009-05-12 | Schaltkammer |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2274759A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008024419B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009138397A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1143083A (en) * | 1965-05-25 | 1969-02-19 | Ass Elect Ind | Improvements in vacuum switches |
DE2633543C3 (de) * | 1976-07-26 | 1980-10-16 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Vakuumschalter |
DE9417344U1 (de) * | 1994-10-28 | 1996-02-22 | Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh | Störlichtbogen-Schutzvorrichtung für Schaltanlagen zur Verteilung elektrischer Energie |
DE19910148C2 (de) * | 1999-02-26 | 2001-03-22 | Siemens Ag | Vakuumschaltkammer mit ringförmigem Isolator |
ES2529049T3 (es) * | 2007-09-05 | 2015-02-16 | Abb Technology Ag | Conjunto de conmutador de baja tensión, media tensión o alta tensión que tiene un sistema de cortociruito |
-
2008
- 2008-05-16 DE DE200810024419 patent/DE102008024419B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-05-12 EP EP09745729A patent/EP2274759A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-05-12 WO PCT/EP2009/055705 patent/WO2009138397A1/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009138397A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009138397A1 (de) | 2009-11-19 |
DE102008024419B3 (de) | 2009-12-31 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20101012 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA RS |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: STELZER, ANDREAS Inventor name: SCHUMANN, HOLGER Inventor name: RENZ, ROMAN Inventor name: SCHUEMANN, ULF |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20110301 |