EP2261434A1 - Chevron de plafond et poteau de cloison - Google Patents

Chevron de plafond et poteau de cloison Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2261434A1
EP2261434A1 EP10164657A EP10164657A EP2261434A1 EP 2261434 A1 EP2261434 A1 EP 2261434A1 EP 10164657 A EP10164657 A EP 10164657A EP 10164657 A EP10164657 A EP 10164657A EP 2261434 A1 EP2261434 A1 EP 2261434A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
timber
roof
struts
rafter
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10164657A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2261434B1 (fr
Inventor
Anthony Fillingham
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitek Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
Mitek Holdings Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitek Holdings Inc filed Critical Mitek Holdings Inc
Priority to EP12187680.9A priority Critical patent/EP2546428B1/fr
Priority to DK12187680.9T priority patent/DK2546428T3/en
Publication of EP2261434A1 publication Critical patent/EP2261434A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2261434B1 publication Critical patent/EP2261434B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/18—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with metal or other reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/291—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures with apertured web
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/292—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being wood and metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a roof rafter and to a roofing system using such a roof rafter, and to a wall stud and a wall using such a stud.
  • roofs are made by positioning a series of roof rafters at spaced intervals across the roof line of a building, connecting them to a wallplate and tying the heads of the wallplate together with a ceiling joist which in turn supports the ceiling lining.
  • An alternative and more popular approach is the use of trussed rafters which are prefabricated offsite and which sit on and are fixed to the wallplate and braced with diagonal and longitudinal braces to keep the trussed rafters vertical and to distribute the forces back to flanking walls.
  • An outer pitched surface is then sometimes boarded and is covered with weatherproof roofing material such as roofing felt and tiles.
  • Braces are known in the building industry for strengthening timber frames and one example is given in US 3,591,997 in which a sheet metal channel member is arranged to form a diagonal brace connecting several upright members of a frame.
  • Metal web members for pre-manufactured wooden trusses are also known of V, U, W or S shapes. They are shown for example in US 5,996,303 and are used for horizontal roof trusses and floor joists.
  • a roof rafter comprising two parallel elongate timber chords joined together by two metal struts on opposite elongate faces of the timber chords so that the two struts form a cross separating the timber chords, wherein the struts each comprise a first short section, a second longer section connected at an obtuse angle to the first section and a third short section connected to the second section at an obtuse angle and being generally parallel to the first section, and wherein the first and the third section of each strut is fixed to and parallel with the respective timber chord so that the second section of each strut forms a bridge connecting the two timber chords.
  • a bearing is provided on one chord for supporting the weight of the rafter.
  • the bearing may be provided by a timber member plated onto one of the chords.
  • a second bearing may be provided by a timber cross piece joining the two chords of the rafter.
  • One of the chords is preferably longer than the other so as to provide an overhang to a roof constructed with a rafter according to the invention.
  • a roof panel may be formed as a rafter cassette by joining together a plurality of the inventive roof rafters. This makes on-site construction of a roof quicker.
  • the rafters may be boarded on the underside with any suitable material such as OSB (Oriented Strand Board). Insulation is preferably fitted between the rafters and between chords and flanges.
  • a stud for use in timber frame walls comprising two parallel elongate timber posts joined together by at least a pair of metal struts, each strut having three conjoined sections comprising a first short section, a second longer section connected at an obtuse angle to the first section and a third short section connected to the second section at an obtuse angle and being generally parallel to the first section, with the first and third sections of each strut fixed to and parallel with the respective timber post so that the second sections form a bridge between the timber posts, and wherein the two struts are on opposing elongate faces of the timber posts, and each one of the pair is arranged in opposite orientations, such that the second sections of each strut form a cross separated by the depth of the timber posts.
  • each wall stud comprises a plurality of crossed struts at spaced intervals along its length.
  • a wall stud constructed in this manner can be used instead of a traditional timber wall stud or can be preassembled into a wall section or complete wall by joining together several such studs.
  • the struts may be formed with protrusions in a region of each of the first and third sections which can be pushed into a timber surface to positively engage and grip the side of the timber chords.
  • protrusions preferably take the form of integral punched metal fasteners, i.e. nailbeds.
  • the struts could be provided with holes to accommodate nails, screws or rivets for fastening to the timber surfaces.
  • the struts are made of steel, and they may be stamped out of metal sheets. They may be formed by stamping V shaped forms and then breaking the V shape in half at the root of the V to make two symmetrical half struts.
  • the steel plate used can be of relatively thin gauge because the arrangement of the crossed struts form very strong structures.
  • the steel plate may be stamped to form struts of uniform width along their length and then peripheral portions along the edges of the second section may be folded over, e.g. at right angles to the plate, so as to add lateral strength to the strut.
  • Such struts make assembly of wall studs and roof rafters relatively easy and quick and provide increased strength to the studs and rafters. They are versatile since they can be made in a variety of sizes and shapes and can be manufactured to close tolerances. Thus any thickness of rafter and roof panel can be constructed to suit particular applications.
  • Wall studs constructed in this way have a cavity running along their length to accommodate insulation and building services such as electric wires or pipes without affecting the integrity of the structure.
  • Using the invention allows the wall thickness to be increased without using thicker timbers with consequent savings in cost and weight.
  • a wall made in accordance with the invention has a cavity running along the whole height and length, rather than just between stud timbers and hence insulation is easier to install. Also building services such as wires and pipes are easier to fit.
  • struts on opposite sides of the rafter in a crossed arrangement increases the rigidity of the rafter since stiff points on the timber chords are provided at each position where a strut is fastened to the timber chords. It also gives equal bending resistance to both chords and reduces the risk of thermal bridging.
  • Roofs constructed with rafters according to the invention have a cavity running along their length which can accommodate insulation and could also accommodate building services such as electric wires or pipes without the need to drill through trusses or braces which could affect the integrity of the finished roof structure.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a roof rafter 41 according to one aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the whole length of the rafter 41 and
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged schematic view of part of the rafter 41.
  • the rafter 41 comprises two spaced apart parallel timber chords 9 and 10 connected by metal struts 1a and 1b on opposite sides of the chords 9 and 10.
  • a bearing member 45 is plated onto the lower chord 10 (which is on the left hand side as shown in Figure 1 ) by a series of punched metal plate fasteners.
  • a second bearing is provided at the lower end of the rafter by a timber cross piece 47 joining the two chords 9 and 10.
  • An overhang 49 is provided by making the upper chord 9 longer than the lower chord 10.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of part of the rafter showing more detail of the crossed pairs of struts 1a and 1b connecting the chords 9 and 10.
  • one strut 1a is on the near sides of the chords 9 and 10 and one strut 1b is on the far sides of the chords 9 and 10, as viewed in the figure.
  • each pair of struts forms a cross shape, with the diagonals of the crosses keeping the two chords 9 and 10 apart.
  • the crossed pairs of struts 1a and 1b may be fastened to the chords 9 and 10 at any position but, in one example, they are spaced a distance of about 0.6 metres and each extends a total of 0.3 metres along the length of the rafter.
  • each strut has three sections 2, 3 and 4. End sections 2 and 4 are parallel to each other and make an obtuse angle with the middle section 3.
  • Figure 3 on each of the end sections there is a nail plate or a set of protrusions 5, 6 standing out from the surface of the strut 101 for engagement with the timber chord.
  • the protrusions are each tapered to a relatively sharp point to make it easier to insert them into undrilled timber, for example by means of pressing the end sections against the timber. Such pressing will be done using an industrial press to apply an appropriate pressure to fully embed the protrusions in the timber.
  • the struts 1a, 1b are preferably formed of metal which may be pressed or cast, and are advantageously formed of steel. They may be pressed out of a metal blank as a V shape and then split or cut at the base of the V to form two separate struts. The struts may be pressed with uniform width along their length and then the edges folded over along peripheral parts of the sides of the middle section to increase the lateral strength and rigidity of the strut.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a strut 1a, 1b in which the end sections 2 and 4 are provided with holes 7 and 8 by which the strut may be fixed to the timber chords 9 and 10 using nails, screws or rivets.
  • FIGS 5 to 13 illustrate steps in the construction of a roof using rafters according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the top floor 21 of a building onto which a roof is to be added.
  • This top floor 21 may be formed using prefabricated floor cassettes constructed of double timber floor joists connected by a frame and boarded over. A hole 19 is provided for a staircase (not shown).
  • This top floor 21 is constructed to be level and square so as to provide a good base to work from for construction of the roof.
  • Floor cassettes make it easier to achieve this since they can be constructed to high tolerances in the factory and can be laser levelled on site. However cassettes are not essential and any traditional top floor surface can be used.
  • Two lower flat-top spandrels 23 and 24 are then erected on opposite long sides of the laser levelled top floor 21 as shown in Figure 6 .
  • Each of these spandrels 23 and 24 are approximately trapezoidal in shape with a frame comprising an upper horizontal chord 61 generally parallel to a lower horizontal chord 62 and joined by two sloping chords 71 and 72 and two vertical stub chords 70.
  • a plurality of internal vertical webs 63 are located in the frame to increase strength and rigidity, but no horizontal chords are used since these are more difficult to press. The chords and webs are all joined together with punched metal plate fasteners.
  • one or more ceiling cassette frames 29 are craned into position as shown in Figure 7 , which illustrates two such ceiling cassette frames 29. These rest on the top chords 61 of the lower spandrels 23 and 24 and are located by means of a locator channel 65 in the top surface of one or each upper chord 61. This channel is formed by a three ply construction of the top chord 61, for example using 97mm inner and outer chords and a 72mm internal chord.
  • ceiling cassettes 29 are then insulated and decked as shown in Figure 8 , so that the roof space above is a cold roof space to avoid unnecessary heating of the loft space in the finished building.
  • the ceiling cassettes may be pre-insulated and decked in the factory before being installed on site.
  • the ceiling 29 has upstanding edge beams 46a, 46b to support the roof rafters as explained later.
  • the edge beams 46a and 46b are fitted with ceiling noggins 58 (see Figure 8 ) which are angle cut so as to meet the roof rafters at an appropriate angle.
  • Two relatively low timber frame walls 22 are then built on the other two opposite short sides of the floor 21 as shown in Figure 9 so as to abut the spandrels 23, 24 at the stub beams 70.
  • Triangular shaped upper, apex, spandrels 30 are then lifted into position on top of the ceiling cassette 29 and aligned with the lower spandrels 23, 24 as shown in Figure 10 .
  • These apex spandrels 30 may also incorporate a locator groove in the underside surface of their horizontal beam to make fitting on site easier and more accurate.
  • an elongate rafter cassette 40 is positioned to bridge the gap between the low wall 22 and the edge beam 46b on the ceiling cassette 29.
  • the rafter cassette 40 comprises three of the double chorded rafters 41 of Figure 1 , but it may comprise more rafters as required. These are joined together at the upper end by a timber connecting piece 42 and boarded on the underside for example with OSB 43.
  • the bearing members 45 which are plated onto the lower timber chords 10, rest on the top of the edge beam 46b of the ceiling cassette 29.
  • the rafter cassette 40 is also supported at its lower end by the bearing surface 47 resting on the low wall 22.
  • the rafter cassette 40 overhangs the low wall 22 as shown at 49 because of the extended upper chord 9, and abuts the side of the sloping beam 71 of the spandrel 23.
  • the rafter cassette 40 may be pre-insulated between the rafters and insulation may also be pressed between the timber chords during manufacture.
  • the cassette 40 may also be felted and counter-battened during manufacture in the factory to make roof construction faster on site. Alternatively the roof may be insulated and subsequently felted and counterbattened on site.
  • a second rafter cassette 50 is positioned adjacent the cassette 40.
  • Each rafter cassette 40, 50 comprises three rafters 41 but cassettes of any suitable number of rafters 41 may be produced.
  • Cassette 50 is constructed with an opening 51 for a dormer window.
  • Dormer windows are then installed in the relevant openings such as 51 and the whole roof is then completed with felting and weatherproof roofing material such as tiles.
  • Figure 14 illustrates a skeleton wall structure 15 comprising five wall studs 12 each comprising two generally parallel posts 9 and 10, fastened together with three pairs of struts 1a and 1b.
  • Three of the struts 1a are on the near sides of the posts 9 and 10 and three of the struts 1b are on the far sides of the posts 9 and 10 as viewed in the figure.
  • Each pair of struts forms a cross shape, with the diagonals of the crosses are separated by the depth of the posts.
  • Such a wall stud 12 may be constructed to be any size but typically would be around 2.35 metres long with a depth of 0.200 metres.
  • the crossed pairs of struts 1a and 1b may be fastened to the posts at any position but in one example they are separated by a distance of about 0.6 metres and each extend a total of 0.3 metres in the direction of the stud.
  • the studs 12 are attached together at their ends with planks 13 and 14 to form the skeleton wall structure 15, which is boarded on one side as shown as 16.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
EP10164657A 2009-06-01 2010-06-01 Chevron Active EP2261434B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12187680.9A EP2546428B1 (fr) 2009-06-01 2010-06-01 Poteau de mur
DK12187680.9T DK2546428T3 (en) 2009-06-01 2010-06-01 wall stud

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0909349A GB2470721A (en) 2009-06-01 2009-06-01 A stud for use in timber frame walls
GB0919897A GB2470796A (en) 2009-06-01 2009-11-13 Roof rafter comprising two timber chords joined by metal struts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2261434A1 true EP2261434A1 (fr) 2010-12-15
EP2261434B1 EP2261434B1 (fr) 2012-10-10

Family

ID=40902363

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10164657A Active EP2261434B1 (fr) 2009-06-01 2010-06-01 Chevron
EP12187680.9A Active EP2546428B1 (fr) 2009-06-01 2010-06-01 Poteau de mur

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12187680.9A Active EP2546428B1 (fr) 2009-06-01 2010-06-01 Poteau de mur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2261434B1 (fr)
DK (2) DK2546428T3 (fr)
GB (2) GB2470721A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2973051A1 (fr) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-28 Herve Hourman Construction en bois a double barre creuse
EP2546428A1 (fr) 2009-06-01 2013-01-16 MiTek Holdings, Inc. Poteau de mur

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1405889A (en) * 1921-02-17 1922-02-07 Barling Walter Henry Spar
US3025577A (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-03-20 Automated Building Components Structural element
US3591997A (en) 1969-06-19 1971-07-13 James D Tennison Jr Antiracking support brace for a building wall
GB2041060A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-09-03 Redland Technology Ltd Rafters; roof structures
US4435929A (en) * 1982-08-23 1984-03-13 Bussell Hugh M Modified A-frame structure
US5996303A (en) 1999-02-18 1999-12-07 Mitek Holdings, Inc. Truss with alternating metal web
EP1609920A1 (fr) * 2004-06-21 2005-12-28 MiTek Holdings, Inc Ossature d'un mur porteur
WO2006096997A1 (fr) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 3088-7418 Quebec Inc. Structure de construction modulaire

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3103262A (en) * 1958-11-14 1963-09-10 Mc Graw Edison Co Box beam
CA1069272A (fr) * 1977-11-16 1980-01-08 Fred Haas Element de construction de bois et metal destine a la prefabrication
US4475328A (en) * 1979-08-06 1984-10-09 Moehlenpah Industries, Inc. Web member
GB2121848B (en) * 1982-06-09 1986-01-22 Hydro Air International Wall studs and connectors therefor
JPH1199354A (ja) 1997-09-27 1999-04-13 Tdk Corp 回転式塗布方法及び塗布装置
GB2470721A (en) 2009-06-01 2010-12-08 Mitek Holdings Inc A stud for use in timber frame walls

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1405889A (en) * 1921-02-17 1922-02-07 Barling Walter Henry Spar
US3025577A (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-03-20 Automated Building Components Structural element
US3591997A (en) 1969-06-19 1971-07-13 James D Tennison Jr Antiracking support brace for a building wall
GB2041060A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-09-03 Redland Technology Ltd Rafters; roof structures
US4435929A (en) * 1982-08-23 1984-03-13 Bussell Hugh M Modified A-frame structure
US5996303A (en) 1999-02-18 1999-12-07 Mitek Holdings, Inc. Truss with alternating metal web
EP1609920A1 (fr) * 2004-06-21 2005-12-28 MiTek Holdings, Inc Ossature d'un mur porteur
WO2006096997A1 (fr) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 3088-7418 Quebec Inc. Structure de construction modulaire

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2546428A1 (fr) 2009-06-01 2013-01-16 MiTek Holdings, Inc. Poteau de mur
FR2973051A1 (fr) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-28 Herve Hourman Construction en bois a double barre creuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2470721A (en) 2010-12-08
GB2470796A (en) 2010-12-08
DK2261434T3 (da) 2012-11-05
GB0909349D0 (en) 2009-07-15
DK2546428T3 (en) 2014-03-10
EP2546428B1 (fr) 2013-12-25
EP2546428A1 (fr) 2013-01-16
EP2261434B1 (fr) 2012-10-10
GB0919897D0 (en) 2009-12-30

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