EP2325410B1 - Système de toiture - Google Patents

Système de toiture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2325410B1
EP2325410B1 EP10191592.4A EP10191592A EP2325410B1 EP 2325410 B1 EP2325410 B1 EP 2325410B1 EP 10191592 A EP10191592 A EP 10191592A EP 2325410 B1 EP2325410 B1 EP 2325410B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spandrels
panel
panels
roofing
roof
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10191592.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2325410A2 (fr
EP2325410A3 (fr
Inventor
Anthony J. Fillingham
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitek Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
Mitek Holdings Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitek Holdings Inc filed Critical Mitek Holdings Inc
Publication of EP2325410A2 publication Critical patent/EP2325410A2/fr
Publication of EP2325410A3 publication Critical patent/EP2325410A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2325410B1 publication Critical patent/EP2325410B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
    • E04B7/022—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of a plurality of parallel similar trusses or portal frames

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a roofing system and to a method of constructing a roof and a roofing panel.
  • roofs are made by positioning a series of roof rafters at spaced intervals across the roof line of a building, connecting them to a wallplate and tying the heads of the wallplate together with a ceiling joist which in turn supports the ceiling lining.
  • An alternative and more popular approach is the use of trussed rafters which are prefabricated offsite and which sit on and are fixed to the wallplate and braced with diagonal and longitudinal braces to keep the trussed rafters vertical and to distribute the forces back to flanking walls.
  • An outer pitched surface is then sometimes boarded and is then covered with weatherproof roofing material such as roofing felt and tiles.
  • a roofing system is described in GB 2391026 in which two spandrels are positioned on opposite sides of a building at the roof line and ready prepared insulated and lined panels are used to construct the roof. They are fastened to one or both of the sloping edges of the spandrels. Intermediate panels do not span the spandrels but rest on the other panels and provide openings for window frames to be fitted.
  • This modular system is relatively quick to assemble compared to using trusses and has the advantage that insulation can be built into the panels in the factory.
  • tolerances with such a system are critically important and the system requires a considerable amount of screwing and nailing to restrain the panels from sliding down the roof line. This is a particular problem because the preconstruction with boarding and insulation makes them heavy.
  • this known system is labour intensive and time consuming to assemble.
  • FR 2532 352 A1 discloses a method for constructing a roof according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a method of constructing a roof on top of a building comprising: fixing two lower spandrels, one on each of two opposite sides of the top of the building, the lower spandrels each having an upper and a lower parallel side and two sloping sides; fixing ceiling panels to the upper parallel sides of both of the spandrels to form a platform; fitting upper spandrels above the respective lower spandrels on the ceiling panels; and fitting gable to gable roofing panels to bridge the gap between the sloping sides of the spandrels to form a roof.
  • a small wall is constructed along the other two sides of the top of the building and the sloping sides of the spandrels are stubbed to match the height of the small walls.
  • the ceiling panels are closed panels with insulation inside them.
  • a groove may be provided in the sloping edge of one of the spandrels to locate the roofing panels.
  • At least one roofing panel has an opening to accommodate a window.
  • the roofing panel may have at least one flitch beam screwed through to the spandrel to transfer the load.
  • This may comprise a sheet of steel sandwiched between two wooden beams and it is preferably located in the plane of the panel. Located across the top of a window opening it will resist bending of the panel in the plane of the panel, and located perpendicular to the top of the window, within the panel, will resist bending of the panel out of the plane of the panel.
  • flitch beams in both orientations are provided.
  • roofing panels are butt jointed and are fastened together by long screws driven through from the underside to pull the panels together.
  • Roofs constructed with these panels have a cavity running along their length which can accommodate insulation.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the top of a building 20 before a roof has been added.
  • the building 20 is constructed to have a generally flat and level top surface 21.
  • On top of this a plurality of beams 60 are laid spanning the top edges 71, 72 of the long parallel sides of the building 20.
  • These beams 60 each comprise two elongate parallel timbers 81, 82 joined together along their length by V-shaped metal struts 83.
  • a double timber connecting plate 84 and a timber spacer 85 is fixed in the middle of long beams to prevent sagging.
  • the beams 60 are preferably pre-prepared in a factory so that they can simply be hoisted into position on site saving construction time and allowing for more accurate manufacturing tolerances and consistency. This also makes it easier to construct the top of the building to be level and square. Hence an improved base is provided on which to construct a roof and makes a level floor for any living space in the roof. The beams are then decked with boards 76 as shown in Figure 2 .
  • the beams 60 may also be pre-grouped in a factory into modular floor cassettes which can be pre-booked and optionally insulated to save time on site.
  • a hole 19 is provided for a staircase (not shown).
  • the next step in construction of the roof is to build two relatively low timber frame walls 22 on opposite short sides of the building 20.
  • each of these spandrels have two horizontal generally parallel sides 24 and 25 and two sloping sides 26 and 27.
  • the sloping sides 26 and 27 are stubbed at 70 where they meet the timber frame walls 22.
  • the building 20 illustrated is an end of terrace building and in Figure 3 the left-hand spandrel is an external one.
  • This external spandrel 23 is constructed in three ply timber typically with 97mm inner and outer top chords and a 72mm internal top chord resulting in a locater channel 28 as shown more clearly in the enlarged drawing shown in Figure 4 .
  • a decked ceiling cassette 29 is craned into position and located using the locator channel 28 on the external spandrel 23 as shown in Figure 5 .
  • This ceiling cassette 29 is preferably pre-insulated and decked with boards 76.
  • Preferably ceiling noggins 87 which meet the roof panels are angle cut, as shown in Figures 5 and 6 , and capped with OSB. Making the ceiling cassette 29 fully insulted makes the roof space above into a cold roof space and avoids unnecessary heating of the loft space in the building.
  • Upper spandrels 30a and 30b are then lifted into position as shown in Figure 7 .
  • the outer upper spandrel 30a also comprises a middle locator groove 90.
  • the upper spandrels 30a and 30b are triangular shaped.
  • Figure 8 shows a first roof panel 31 positioned to bridge the gap between the two spandrels 23.
  • a second roof panel 33 is positioned above the first panel 31, again bridging the two lower spandrels 23 and also the two upper spandrels 30a and 30b.
  • This second roof panel 33 abuts the first panel and has two openings 34 for installation of dormer windows.
  • a third roof panel 35 is then lifted into place again bridging the two upper spandrels 30a, 30b, and abutting the second roof panel 33.
  • An eaves panel 32 and an apex panel 39 are then positioned.
  • the panels are preferably pre-boarded as shown in the Figures.
  • Corresponding roof panels are positioned along the other sloping side of the roof until all of the roof panels are in place as shown in Figure 11 .
  • FIG. 12 A cross section of a roofing panel is shown in Figure 12 .
  • the eaves panel 32 and the apex panel 39 are relatively small, i.e. less high; the third panel 35 is of a standard size; and the second panel 33 is extra large so as to accommodate a dormer window opening or openings 34.
  • flitch beams 37 and 38 are provided. These are screwed through the timber and the OSB.
  • Flitch beam 37 is arranged in the plane of the panel above and across the dormer window opening 34 to prevent sagging of the panel in the line of the roof.
  • Flitch beam 38 is provided perpendicular to flitch beam 37 in the plane of the panel to prevent sagging of the panel components into the roof space.
  • These flitch beams are composed of a thin steel sheet sandwiched between two timber posts.
  • the butt connection between roofing panels is shown for example at 91 and a locator piece is shown at 92. This is a thin elongate piece adjacent the spandrels.
  • Dormer windows are then installed in the relevant openings such as 34 and the whole roof is then completed with felting and weatherproof roofing material such as tiles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de construction d'un toit par-dessus un bâtiment (20), le procédé comportant :
    l'étape consistant à fixer deux tympans inférieurs (23), un sur chacun de deux côtés opposés de la partie supérieure du bâtiment, les tympans inférieurs ayant chacun des côtés parallèles supérieur et inférieur (24, 25) et deux côtés inclinés (26, 27) ;
    l'étape consistant à fixer des panneaux de plafond (29) sur les côtés parallèles supérieurs des deux tympans pour former une plateforme ;
    caractérisé par,
    l'étape consistant à installer des tympans supérieurs (30a, 30b) au-dessus des tympans inférieurs respectifs sur les panneaux de plafond ; et
    l'étape consistant à installer des panneaux de toiture à pignon (32, 33, 35, 39) pour remplir l'espace entre les côtés inclinés des tympans pour former un toit.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comportant l'étape consistant à construire un petit mur (22) le long de chacun des deux autres côtés opposés de la partie supérieure du bâtiment.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel les côtés inclinés des tympans sont tronqués pour correspondre à la hauteur des petits murs.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, dans lequel les panneaux de plafond sont des panneaux fermés avec de l'isolation à l'intérieur de ceux-ci.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, la revendication 2, la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, dans lequel une rainure (28) est mise en oeuvre dans le bord incliné de l'un des tympans à des fins de repérage des panneaux de toiture.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins un panneau de toiture a une ouverture (34) pour y recevoir une fenêtre.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le panneau de toiture a au moins une poutre composée (37, 38) fixée par vis traversant au tympan à des fins de transfert de la charge.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la poutre composée comporte une feuille d'acier prise en sandwich entre deux poutres en bois.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou la revendication 8, dans lequel une poutre composée est située en travers de la partie supérieure d'une ouverture pour fenêtre pour résister contre toute flexion du panneau dans le plan du panneau.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 7, la revendication 8 ou la revendication 9, dans lequel une poutre composée est située de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à la partie supérieure d'une ouverture pour fenêtre dans les limites du panneau, pour résister contre toute flexion du panneau hors du plan du panneau.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les panneaux de toiture sont mis bout à bout.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les panneaux de toiture sont attachés ensemble par de longues vis qui sont vissées au travers depuis la partie inférieure pour attirer les panneaux les uns vers les autres.
EP10191592.4A 2009-11-23 2010-11-17 Système de toiture Active EP2325410B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0920447.0A GB2475539B (en) 2009-11-23 2009-11-23 Roofing system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2325410A2 EP2325410A2 (fr) 2011-05-25
EP2325410A3 EP2325410A3 (fr) 2015-06-03
EP2325410B1 true EP2325410B1 (fr) 2016-09-28

Family

ID=41565685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10191592.4A Active EP2325410B1 (fr) 2009-11-23 2010-11-17 Système de toiture

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2325410B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2325410T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB2475539B (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2496425A (en) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-15 Intelligent Wood Systems Ltd Floor cassette with receiving means for securing a roof support.
GB2496424A (en) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-15 Intelligent Wood Systems Ltd Roofing system comprising components with a projection and co-operating rebate.
GB2496422A (en) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-15 Intelligent Wood Systems Ltd A spandrel for use in the roof of a building and associated roof system with panels
JP2014012944A (ja) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-23 Misawa Homes Co Ltd 屋根パネル及びその施工方法
JP6640162B2 (ja) * 2017-09-27 2020-02-05 旭化成建材株式会社 屋根の施工方法、垂木パネル、屋根構造体および家屋
DE102022200474A1 (de) * 2022-01-18 2023-07-20 André Bonamour du Tartre Fachwerkhaus in Holzständerbauweise

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2194218A5 (fr) * 1972-07-26 1974-02-22 Colomb Guy
FR2532352A1 (fr) * 1982-08-27 1984-03-02 Meurice Philippe Construction habitable individuelle en elements modulaires montee manuellement
EP0612900A1 (fr) * 1993-02-24 1994-08-31 Siegmund Wilbach Construction d'une maison
DE29711224U1 (de) * 1996-06-29 1997-08-28 Hamstein Raumbau GmbH, 01097 Dresden Vorgefertigter Dachgeschoßmodul
AT413713B (de) * 2000-09-14 2006-05-15 Jandl Adolf Gebäude
GB0216158D0 (en) * 2002-07-12 2002-08-21 Smart Roof Ltd Roofing system and roof panel therefor
US20040103597A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2004-06-03 Ellenberger Brian K. Easily erectable dormer for a roof structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2325410T3 (en) 2017-01-09
GB0920447D0 (en) 2010-01-06
EP2325410A2 (fr) 2011-05-25
EP2325410A3 (fr) 2015-06-03
GB2475539B (en) 2015-09-16
GB2475539A (en) 2011-05-25

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