EP2251084B1 - Dispositif destiné au traitement de matériaux de chargement - Google Patents

Dispositif destiné au traitement de matériaux de chargement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2251084B1
EP2251084B1 EP10004784.4A EP10004784A EP2251084B1 EP 2251084 B1 EP2251084 B1 EP 2251084B1 EP 10004784 A EP10004784 A EP 10004784A EP 2251084 B1 EP2251084 B1 EP 2251084B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
recesses
tools
webs
adjacent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10004784.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2251084A1 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Pallmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2251084A1 publication Critical patent/EP2251084A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2251084B1 publication Critical patent/EP2251084B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/10—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers concentrically moved; Bell crushers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C2013/145—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with fast rotating vanes generating vortexes effecting material on material impact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for processing feedstock according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Devices of this type are assigned to the field of mechanical engineering. It is about changing a starting material in its shape, size and / or composition. By way of example, a starting material is reduced from an original size to a smaller size during comminution, grinding or deagglomeration.
  • a starting material is reduced from an original size to a smaller size during comminution, grinding or deagglomeration.
  • different components in the feed material are processed in such a way that a uniform particle distribution in the feed material is achieved at the end.
  • heat is selectively introduced into the feed material when processing the feedstock in order to achieve enclosure of individual particles and / or evaporation of residual moisture in the feedstock.
  • the feed material passes in the air flow in the device and travels through the housing in the working gap on a helical path.
  • the processing of the feed material takes place in the interaction of grinding plates and stator. After leaving the working gap, the feed material is removed via a tangential material outlet in the upper housing area of the machine.
  • a disadvantage of this device arises from the way of fixing the refining plates to the rotor disks by means of screws.
  • the arrangement of several grinding stages axially behind one another and the multiplicity of grinding plates per grinding stage results in a considerable assembly outlay for the wear-related change of the grinding plates.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a generic device, on the one hand a quick change of the rotor tools allows and on the other hand, a maximum margin in the design of the crushing zone offers.
  • a rotor according to the invention which is defined in the claims, has at least one rotor element which is subdivided in the radial direction into an inner, a carrier body forming region, which is rotatably connected to the drive shaft, and an outer rotor forming tools area.
  • the support body extends radially outward from the drive shaft and carries the rotor tools forming the lateral surface of the rotor.
  • a rotor according to the invention may comprise only a single rotor element of this kind, which extends over substantially the entire axial length of the rotor or a plurality of such rotor elements, which axially adjoin one another to form the rotor.
  • the rotor tools are an integral part of the rotor element, that is supporting body and rotor tools are monolithic, ie worked out of a single workpiece, for example by milling, drilling, eroding, casting and the like.
  • the invention differs from devices with multi-piece rotor, in which the support body and the rotor tools are separate parts that are releasably, for example by screwing or plugging, or non-detachable, for example by welding, composed.
  • This type of construction is undoubtedly a clear departure from known devices, on whose rotors always strip-shaped rotor tools are attached. The invention thus marks a turning point in the construction of generic devices.
  • the rotor tools are to be produced by arranging depressions in the rotor surface, wherein both the webs present between the depressions and the depressions themselves influence the type of processing of the feed material. Since the rotor tools are machined in such a rotor from the surface of one or more rotor elements, ie from the solid, there is an immense scope in the geometric design of the processing zone. While in known devices, the processing zone is formed essentially of refining plates, it can now be achieved by suitable design of the recesses that not only the webs, but the depressions also make an active contribution to the processing of the feedstock. Thus, the generation of vortices within the turbulence zone can be selectively controlled by the size and geometry of the pits. It is also possible, by varying the geometry of the recesses in their sequence in the circumferential direction to increase the intensity of processing and thus to achieve an increase in performance.
  • the support body consists of a solid solid body, for example, a solid cylinder or solid truncated cone, which has only axially a bore for positive reception of the drive shaft.
  • a rotor provides sufficient radial depth for all types of wells without compromising the stability of the rotor.
  • the construction according to the invention also brings the advantage that a change of the rotor tools by replacing the rotor or the rotor elements takes place, that is, with the replacement of the rotor all rotor tools are changed at the same time.
  • a device according to the invention is characterized by extremely short downtime when changing tools.
  • an inventive rotor opens the possibility for the same height more circumferential planes in the axial direction and more effective edges to accommodate over the circumference than is the case with known rotors. Due to the resulting density of rotor tools, a device according to the invention is characterized by a very high engine power.
  • a housing 1 which is composed of a cylindrical lower part 2 and a bell-shaped upper part 3.
  • the longitudinal axis of the housing 1 is provided with the reference numeral 4.
  • the lower part 2 is closed at the bottom by a bottom 5, in which centric to the axis 4, a circular opening 6 is arranged.
  • the opening 6 serves to receive a substantially cylindrical shaft bearing 7, which is screwed coaxially to the axis 4 by means of a flange on the bottom 5.
  • the upper end of the shaft bearing 7 extends into the region of the upper part 3.
  • annular channel 8 which opens via a tangential to the axis 4 extending material outlet 9 from the housing 1.
  • the upper end of the lower part 2 forms a circumferential annular flange 10, on which a bearing ring 11 of angular cross-section is fastened.
  • the outer shape of the upper part 2 is bell-shaped, while the inner circumference of the upper part 2 has a conical shape and serves to receive the stator tools 20.
  • the top of the upper part 2 is closed by a detachable cover 12, which has a central opening in the region of the axis 4, to which an inlet connection 13 for feeding the device with feed material connects coaxially.
  • the foot region of the upper part 2 is formed with its outer circumference complementary to the inner circumference of the bearing ring 11, so that the upper part 3 with its foot region axially into the lower part 2 can be inserted.
  • the insertion depth of the upper part 3 in the lower part 2 can be adjusted via adjusting screws 15 which extend axially through the annular flange 14 and are supported on the upper side of the bearing ring 11.
  • the coaxial with the axis 4 aligned drive shaft 17 is rotatably supported in bearing groups 16.
  • the lower end of the drive shaft 17 located outside the housing 1 is connected to a rotary drive not shown.
  • the opposite, located in the interior of the housing 1 end extends far into the region of the upper part 3 and serves for the rotationally fixed receiving a rotor 18.
  • the rotor 18 consists essentially of a rotor element 28 which is itself solid, that is, it consists of solid material and has according to the contour of the inner periphery of the upper part 3 has a frusto-conical shape, which does not exclude that the rotor 18 may be formed in a cylindrical housing and cylindrical.
  • the massive design of the rotor 18 also allows the accommodation of cooling channels, not shown, which extend, for example, in the region near the generatrix parallel and are acted upon for cooling the processing zone with a cooling fluid.
  • the upper side of the rotor element 28 is covered by a baffle plate 19 arranged coaxially with the axis 4, on the outer circumference of which radially aligned impact blocks 21 are screwed (also see FIGS. 5 and 6 ).
  • a baffle plate 19 arranged coaxially with the axis 4, on the outer circumference of which radially aligned impact blocks 21 are screwed (also see FIGS. 5 and 6 ).
  • the rotor element 28 is subdivided in the radial direction into an inner region forming a carrier body 40, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive shaft 17, and an outer region forming rotor tools 23, the rotor tools 23 being held by the carrier body 40.
  • Stator tools 20 and rotor tools 23 are in compliance with a radial working gap 36 (FIG. Fig. 7 . 8 and 9 ), in which the processing of the feed mainly takes place.
  • the concrete embodiment of the uniformly distributed over the circumference of the rotor 18 rotor tools 23 and their mutual assignment will be discussed in more detail below.
  • a rotor 18 according to the invention opens up a large number of possible surface configurations which can not be achieved in known rotors or can only be achieved by applying a disproportionately large design effort. A few embodiments which are within the scope of the invention are described below without being limited thereto.
  • the Fig. 3a and 3b each show a monolithic rotor element 28 of a rotor 18 which is only half shown for the sake of simplicity and of which the area assigned to the axle 4 or the drive shaft 17 forms a support body 40 which, as a result of the integral construction, carries the rotor tools 23 forming the lateral surface of the rotor 18.
  • the rotor tools 23 consist of recesses 24, which are introduced into the lateral surface of the rotor 18, for example by milling or erosion.
  • the recesses 24 have a longitudinal extension direction tangential to the axis 4 and are arranged in the circumferential direction one behind the other, in a plurality of axially successive circumferential planes 25.
  • the tangential distances between two recesses 24 each form a web 26, the area between two adjacent circumferential planes 25 a continuous annular web 27. This results in a plurality of circumferential planes 25 which brake the axial material flow and thus the residence time of the feed in the processing zone extend.
  • the sequence of the recesses 24 in the circumferential direction is chosen so that the webs 26 of two adjacent circumferential planes 25 are arranged with circumferential offset to each other. This can be achieved by different lengths of the recesses 24 ( Fig. 3a ) or with a circumferential offset by half the length of a recess 24 with otherwise identical lengths of the recesses 24 per circumferential plane 25 (FIG. Fig. 3b ).
  • the Fig. 4a and 4b differ from the above-described embodiment of a rotor 18 only by the orientation of the recesses 24, which have a longitudinal extension direction parallel to a surface line in this embodiment. In this way, over the entire height of the rotor 18 through Webs 26 formed.
  • These embodiments of the invention result in small-diameter, but high-speed, roller-shaped vortices. Since the material flow meets less axially acting flow obstacles than in the previously described embodiment, its residence time in the processing zone is correspondingly lower.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate rotor 18 'of a plurality of disc-shaped rotor elements 28' together, which are each formed monolithically and coaxially joined together.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 the invention as an exploded view.
  • the rotor 18 ' can be the same advantages mentioned above achieve at the same time simplified production.
  • the rotor 18 'by combination of different rotor discs 28' also subsequently be changed in its geometry and thus mode of action.
  • the rotor 18 ' is composed of four disk-shaped rotor elements 28' which are divided in the radial direction into an inner region forming a support body 40 and an outer region forming the rotor tools 23.
  • the rotor tools 23 are held by the support body 40.
  • the rotor tools 23 are formed by recesses 24, which are distributed uniformly over the circumference of the rotor elements 28 'and the sawtooth-like rotor tools 23 result, the more detailed design under Fig. 10 is explained.
  • Each disc-shaped rotor element 28 ' has on its upper side a cylindrical projection 29 and on its underside a recess complementary thereto.
  • centering of the rotor elements 28' relative to one another is achieved.
  • the upper conclusion of the resulting rotor 18 'again forms the aforementioned baffle plate 19 with impact blocks 21, the lower end of an annular disc 30.
  • the rotor 18 'according to Fig. 6 differs from the embodiment just described only by the interposition of coaxial baffle plates 31 between adjacent disk-shaped rotor elements 28 '.
  • the diameter of the baffle plates 31 is selected so that the baffle plates 31 overlap with their circumference, the recesses 24 partially or completely radially.
  • the recesses 24 have in an axial plan view an asymmetrical course, which causes the webs 26 in the circumferential direction 32 have a front edge 33 in an approximately radial orientation, while the trailing edge 35, in contrast, flatter and at the bottom of the recess 24 in a rounding in the front edge 33 of the subsequent bridge 26 passes.
  • the front flank 33 can also be wholly or partially provided with a wear layer 34 to increase the tool life. In this way, a sawtooth-like configuration of the rotor 18 'results over its circumference, which is characterized by its aggressive crushing behavior.
  • Fig. 7 and 8th go further possible embodiments of the recesses 24.
  • Small depressions lead to small vertebrae Diameter, but high circulation speed, while large depressions form a relaxation zone with large diameter vortices and slower circulation speeds. The change of these different vortices promotes an intensive digestion of the feed.
  • depressions 24 may be formed in an axial plan view substantially at right angles, wherein the corner regions are preferably rounded in order to achieve a continuous flow approximated to the flow.
  • the recesses 24 are also separated here by radially extending, symmetrical cross-section webs 26.
  • Fig. 7 Furthermore, one sees the inner surface of the stator tools 20, which lies radially opposite the recesses 24 and webs 26 while maintaining a working gap 36.
  • the surface of the stator tools 20 is formed by a plurality of semicircular recesses 37, which extend in the axial direction over the entire height of the rotor 18.
  • FIG. 8 Another embodiment of a rotor 18 according to the invention shows Fig. 8 ,
  • the recesses 24 shown therein have an axial plan view of a semicircular shape, wherein in the circumferential direction successive recesses 24 have a different radius. As a result, successive recesses 24 have both a different length and different depth.
  • the semicircular shape of the recesses 24 corresponds at least partially to the path of the vortices, so that the self-cleaning effect occurring thereby prevents deposits in the recesses.
  • the recesses 24 and the webs 26 resulting between the depressions 24 cooperate with sawtooth-shaped stator tools 20.
  • FIG. 9 Another embodiment of the stator tools 20 is still in Fig. 9 showing a meander-like course of the surface of the stator tools 20 disclosed with in cross-section square, axially extending grooves 38 and strips 39.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif pour le mélange, le broyage, le séchage, la désagglomeration, le concassage et le revêtement de matériau d'alimentation comprenant, dans un carter (1), un rotor (18, 18') monté sur un arbre d'entraînement (17) tournant autour d'un axe (4) et ayant une surface extérieure cylindrique ou conique et un stator fixe par rapport au carter (1) et encerclant le rotor (18, 18') tout en maintenant un entrefer de travail radial (36), le rotor (18, 18') ayant au moins un élément de rotor (28, 28') subdivisé en direction radiale en une zone intérieure formant le support (40) relié fixement à l'arbre d'entraînement (17) et en une zone extérieure formant les outils de rotor (23) portés par le support (40) et interagissant avec les outils de stator (20) sur la circonférence intérieure du stator, le matériau d'alimentation étant dirigé vers l'entrefer de travail (36) par le courant de gaz porteur, caractérisé en ce que la partie intérieure formant le support (40) et la partie extérieure formant les outils de broyage (23) sont de forme monolithique et en ce que, pour former des outils de broyage (23) sur la circonférence extérieure de l'élément de rotor minimum (28, 28') du rotor (18, 18'), une pluralité de cavités (24) est agencée et les zones entre deux cavités (24) voisines forment des parois (26, 27) formant les rebords actifs des outils de rotor (23) nécessaires au traitement du matériau d'alimentation, les écarts tangentiels entre deux cavités voisines formant d'abord des parois axiales (26) et les zones entre deux niveaux de circonférence voisins formant une paroi annulaire continue (27) ou une paroi annulaire (27) avec des décalages de longueur.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la direction principale d'extension des cavités (24) s'étend dans la direction circonférentielle du rotor (18, 18') ou perpendiculairement à la direction circonférentielle, donc parallèlement à une ligne extérieure du rotor (18, 18').
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (24) sont disposées côte à côte sur plusieurs niveaux (25) échelonnés axialement et les différentes cavités (24) d'un niveau (25) sont alignées l'une derrière l'autre en direction circonférentielle (32).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (24) voisines sont décalées les unes par rapport aux autres en direction circonférentielle (32) et/ou en direction axiale.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (24) voisines sont de longueur/profondeur différentes.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre longueur et profondeur des cavités (24) va de l'ordre de 2 à 1 jusqu'à 3 à 1.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les parois (26) présentent une section de forme symétrique.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les parois (26) présentent une section de forme asymétrique, les flancs avant (33) des parois (26) en direction de rotation (32) du rotor (18, 18') ayant un flanc (35) de paroi (26) plus raide que le flanc (35) suivant.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les côtés des cavités (24) formant la circonférence extérieure de l'élément de rotor minimum (28, 28') se confondent de façon continue.
EP10004784.4A 2009-05-11 2010-05-06 Dispositif destiné au traitement de matériaux de chargement Not-in-force EP2251084B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009020714A DE102009020714A1 (de) 2009-05-11 2009-05-11 Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von Aufgabegut

Publications (2)

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EP2251084A1 EP2251084A1 (fr) 2010-11-17
EP2251084B1 true EP2251084B1 (fr) 2017-06-21

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US (1) US8480016B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2251084B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009020714A1 (fr)

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CN105435929A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-30 宁波正元铜合金有限公司 一种耐摩擦的铜合金块
CN107350036A (zh) * 2017-08-21 2017-11-17 山东邦德重工科技有限公司 旋切破碎机
CN109015326A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2018-12-18 长沙万荣粉体设备科技有限公司 一种定子及解聚装置
CN109759208A (zh) * 2019-01-15 2019-05-17 苏畅 一种化学实验用高效催化剂精细研磨装置
CN110813505A (zh) * 2019-11-02 2020-02-21 枣庄鑫金山智能机械股份有限公司 一种便于使用的多功能制砂机
CN111482240A (zh) * 2020-04-14 2020-08-04 徐国华 一种碎石装置
CN111774171A (zh) * 2020-08-03 2020-10-16 红安正邦养殖有限公司 一种小猪饲料生产用破碎装置及其破碎方法
CN112403000B (zh) * 2020-11-25 2021-12-28 四川宏业商品混凝土有限公司 一种混凝土改性外加剂制备方法
CN113058683A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-02 湖南花瑶富硒米业有限公司 一种节能环保型大米加工用大米快速高效粉碎设备
CN115178147A (zh) * 2022-09-09 2022-10-14 山东鼎泰盛机械科技有限公司 一种喷涂漆料多功能搅料设备

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Publication number Publication date
EP2251084A1 (fr) 2010-11-17
US8480016B2 (en) 2013-07-09
US20100282881A1 (en) 2010-11-11
DE102009020714A1 (de) 2010-11-18

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