EP2250651B1 - Elektromagnetische stellvorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektromagnetische stellvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2250651B1
EP2250651B1 EP09718492A EP09718492A EP2250651B1 EP 2250651 B1 EP2250651 B1 EP 2250651B1 EP 09718492 A EP09718492 A EP 09718492A EP 09718492 A EP09718492 A EP 09718492A EP 2250651 B1 EP2250651 B1 EP 2250651B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
coils
actuating
actuating apparatus
pole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09718492A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2250651A1 (de
Inventor
Reiner Keller
Thomas Puth
Michael Pantke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2250651A1 publication Critical patent/EP2250651A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2250651B1 publication Critical patent/EP2250651B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1661—Electromagnets or actuators with anti-stick disc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/163—Details concerning air-gaps, e.g. anti-remanence, damping, anti-corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Electromagnetic actuators also called actuators or actuators, servo motors or solenoids, are known in control engineering. For example, they are used to drive or adjust valves or valves for flow control of gaseous or liquid media. Most electromagnetic actuators are bistable, i. H. they have only two stable positions, z. B. open or close.
  • a bistable actuator which has two coils and an armature formed as a permanent magnet, arranged on an anchor rod.
  • the permanent magnet has a polarity oriented in the displacement direction of the armature and is held by the coils either in one or in the other end position.
  • the coil assembly forms a two-terminal, whereby the permanent magnet is attracted by a coil and repelled simultaneously from the other coil and vice versa. This shortens the switching time.
  • the Elektrohubmagnet has a total of four coils, two stationary permanent magnets, two outer housing opposite poles, two inner housing opposite poles and two on one Push rod longitudinally movably arranged anchor. An end position is achieved in each case by energizing an outer coil by the armature is attracted by the energized coil. The middle position of the push rod is, however, achieved by the permanently magnetically held anchor by these rest on both sides of the inner housing opposite poles (partition).
  • a disadvantage of the known Elektrohubmagnet are the large number of parts, eg. B. four coils, two permanent magnets and two anchors and the associated additional weight.
  • the two coils are each at the ends of a pole tube, d. H. a tube of magnetic material and each have a yoke, preferably made of a ferromagnetic material.
  • the magnetic flux is passed through the yoke and pole tube, so that depending on the energization of the coil, a different polarity can be formed.
  • control rod is arranged coaxially to the pole tube and slidably mounted within openings of the yokes.
  • the permanent magnet is assigned a preferably ring-shaped holding pole, which preferably within the pole tube and approximately in the Middle is arranged between the two coils.
  • the holding pole is made of a magnetic material and is - flooded by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet - in the third detent position, ie the center position of the armature.
  • the magnetic connection between the holding pole and the permanent magnet results in a magnetic locking of the actuator with currentless coils.
  • preferably conical plunger anchors are provided on the end faces of the permanent magnet, which dip into corresponding openings in the coil yoke. This increases the magnetic attraction of the coils on the actuator.
  • the polarity of the permanent magnet is aligned in the direction of displacement of the actuator and the control rod.
  • a north pole is formed on one end face and a south pole is formed on the opposite end face of the permanent magnet.
  • a further coil in the region of the holding pole, a further coil, a so-called center coil, can be arranged which, with appropriate energization, cancels the arresting effect of the permanent magnet in its middle position and thus permits a faster adjustment of the actuator into one or the other end position. This improves the dynamics of the actuator.
  • Fig. 1 shows an electromagnetic actuator 1, also called electrodynamic actuator or actuator.
  • the actuator 1 has a cylindrical, magnetic pole tube 2, in which two coils 3, 4, each with a yoke 5, 6 are arranged at its ends.
  • the coils 3, 4 are connected to a power supply, not shown, and can be energized in different current directions, so that opposite polarities can be formed.
  • a disc-shaped permanent magnet 8 is arranged and fixedly connected to the control rod.
  • flux guide plates 9, 10 are arranged, which reinforce the permanent magnet flux.
  • each anti-sling discs 11, 12 or a liability to the yokes 5, 6 preventing coating On the outside of the flux guide plates 9, 10 are each anti-sling discs 11, 12 or a liability to the yokes 5, 6 preventing coating arranged. Further, each end face on the permanent magnet 8 and on the anchor rod 7 conically shaped plunger 13, 14 are arranged and fixed.
  • the adjusting or anchor rod 7, the permanent magnet 8 in conjunction with the Flussleitblechen 9, 10, the anti-adhesive discs 11, 12 and the plunger anchors 13, 14 form the actuator 15 of the actuator or the actuator 1.
  • the actuator 15 in its middle position, ie in the middle between the two coils 3, 4 shown.
  • an annular holding pole 16 is arranged within the pole tube 2, which surrounds the circumference of the permanent magnet 8.
  • the annular holding pole 16 has a smaller inner diameter than the pole tube 2, ie, the holding pole 16 forms a radial narrowing of the pole tube 2.
  • the permanent magnet 8 forms over the flux guide plates 9, 10 with the holding pole made of a magnetic material 16 a magnetic circuit, that is, the permanent magnet 8 and with it the adjusting rod 7 are held in the position shown by the magnetic forces of the permanent magnet 8.
  • the permanent magnet 8 has a polarity formed in the direction of the armature rod 7, ie at its one end face there is a north pole and at the other end side a south pole.
  • a further coil Radially outside the holding pole 16, a further coil, a so-called center coil 17, is arranged, the function of which is to generate a magnetic field during energization which compensates for the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 8.
  • the locking effect is canceled by magnetic closure or at least reduced, so that the actuator 15 can be adjusted from the center position easier and faster in one or the other end position.
  • the adjustment of the permanent magnet 8 and the actuator 15 from the illustrated center position is performed by energizing one or both coils 3, 4, so either an attraction force on the permanent magnet or an attraction of a coil and a repulsive force of the other coil on the permanent magnets act.
  • the respective plunger armature 13 or 14 dips into a corresponding, likewise conical opening 5a or 6a of the yoke 5 or 6. This increases the magnetic attraction or repulsion force.
  • the anti-sling discs 11, 12 prevent sticking of the permanent magnet 8 in one of the two end positions. In the middle position shown, the two coils 3, 4 are de-energized.
  • the illustrated actuator 1 thus has three locking positions, namely two end positions and a central position, and is so tristable. In the two end positions of the permanent magnet 8 holds the actuator 15 magnetically fixed to the yoke 5 or 6 and thus produces two stable end positions, the coils 3, 4 are de-energized.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the magnetic flux of the two coils 3, 4 from Fig. 1 and the arranged on the anchor rod 7 permanent magnet 8.
  • the magnetic flux and its direction is in the coils 3, 4 marked by arrows oval lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b.
  • the current direction in the two coils 3, 4 is represented by the symbols point ( ⁇ ) and cross (X).
  • the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 8, which has a north pole N and a south pole S, is indicated by the line trace 8a.
  • the representation of the current flow and the magnetic flux corresponds to the switching process in which the permanent magnet 8 in its center position (see. Fig. 1 ) is moved.
  • both coils 3, 4 are traversed by the current in the same direction, ie they form identical magnetic fields 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b.
  • the coil 3 forms on the side facing the permanent magnet 8 a south pole and the coil 4 on the permanent magnet 8 side facing a north pole with the result that on the north pole N and the south pole S of the permanent magnet 8 each repulsive forces F act.
  • the permanent magnet 8 is thus moved in its central position between the two coils 3, 4. There he is through the holding pole 16 (see. Fig. 1 ) - magnetically locked as described above. After the permanent magnet 8 has reached its stable center position, the coils 3, 4 are de-energized.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the coils 3, 4 in a switching operation, by which the permanent magnet 8 and the actuator 15 (see. Fig. 1 ) is moved to an end position.
  • the coils 3, 4 are traversed in opposite directions from the current, the lower coil 3 as the coil 3 in Fig. 2 is switched. Therefore, the magnetic flux is also denoted by 3a, 3b.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
EP09718492A 2008-03-06 2009-02-11 Elektromagnetische stellvorrichtung Active EP2250651B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008000534A DE102008000534A1 (de) 2008-03-06 2008-03-06 Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung
PCT/EP2009/051535 WO2009109444A1 (de) 2008-03-06 2009-02-11 Elektromagnetische stellvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2250651A1 EP2250651A1 (de) 2010-11-17
EP2250651B1 true EP2250651B1 (de) 2011-08-03

Family

ID=40474689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09718492A Active EP2250651B1 (de) 2008-03-06 2009-02-11 Elektromagnetische stellvorrichtung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8228149B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP2250651B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP2011513979A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR20100125287A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN101946292A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE519207T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE102008000534A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO2009109444A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008000534A1 (de) 2009-09-10
US20110001591A1 (en) 2011-01-06
JP2011513979A (ja) 2011-04-28
KR20100125287A (ko) 2010-11-30
ATE519207T1 (de) 2011-08-15
US8228149B2 (en) 2012-07-24
EP2250651A1 (de) 2010-11-17
CN101946292A (zh) 2011-01-12
WO2009109444A1 (de) 2009-09-11

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