EP2248232A2 - Commutateur, outil électrique comportant un moteur électrique pourvu d'un tel commutateur et procédé de fabrication du commutateur - Google Patents

Commutateur, outil électrique comportant un moteur électrique pourvu d'un tel commutateur et procédé de fabrication du commutateur

Info

Publication number
EP2248232A2
EP2248232A2 EP09715559A EP09715559A EP2248232A2 EP 2248232 A2 EP2248232 A2 EP 2248232A2 EP 09715559 A EP09715559 A EP 09715559A EP 09715559 A EP09715559 A EP 09715559A EP 2248232 A2 EP2248232 A2 EP 2248232A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
commutator
segments
axis
rotation
commutator segments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09715559A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Schmohl
Helmut Stolpmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metabowerke GmbH and Co
Kolektor Kautt und Bux GmbH
Original Assignee
Metabowerke GmbH and Co
Kolektor Kautt und Bux GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metabowerke GmbH and Co, Kolektor Kautt und Bux GmbH filed Critical Metabowerke GmbH and Co
Publication of EP2248232A2 publication Critical patent/EP2248232A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/14—Fastenings of commutators or slip-rings to shafts
    • H01R39/16—Fastenings of commutators or slip-rings to shafts by means of moulded or cast material applied during or after assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/06—Manufacture of commutators
    • H01R43/08—Manufacture of commutators in which segments are not separated until after assembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49011—Commutator or slip ring assembly

Definitions

  • Commutator electric tool with an electric motor with such a commutator and method of manufacturing a commutator
  • the invention relates to a commutator according to the preamble of claim 1, a power tool with an electric motor with such a commutator and a method for producing a commutator.
  • Such commutators are used, for example, for electric motors of power tools and are regularly exposed to high loads.
  • the commutator segments arranged around an axis of rotation are usually connected to one another by an electrically insulating body of pressed material, which is formed under pressure on the commutator segments. This can cause a vault pressure in the commutator, which is disadvantageous in some applications.
  • DD 138 455 A1 shows a commutator for electrical machines whose commutator lining against destruction and impermissible change in shape due to its own centrifugal force by rings which comprise it at its outer diameter or which are embedded in its end faces, is protected.
  • DE 38 13 711 C2 shows a method and a device for finishing collector blanks, which have a plurality of collector strips, which are distributed at a distance from each other over the circumference and are electrically isolated from each other by means of grooves.
  • DE 1 275 193 A shows a method for producing a commutator for electrical machines, the lamellas of which are centered by insulating ring ends fitted in its front-side annular grooves and projecting beyond the end faces of the lamellae insulating Haiteringe in itself and against a clad with insulating material Kommutatornabe.
  • a commutator is known in which the body formed by the commutator segments is at least in the dynamic and thermally unstressed state gewölld.
  • it is proposed inter alia to dispense with a pressed body and to fix the Kommutatorsegmente only by a reinforcing ring on a hub body and provide an air gap insulation between the Kommutatorsegmenten.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a commutator, a power tool with an electric motor with a commutator and a method for producing a commutator, which are further improved over the known commutators, power tools and manufacturing processes.
  • a commutator is to be provided, which has a high current carrying capacity and has high mechanical strength, so that, for example, higher torques and / or higher rotational speeds for the associated electric motor and thus for the power tool are possible.
  • the manufacturing process should be simplified compared to the known heavy duty commutators.
  • the commutator has electrically conductive commutator segments which are arranged around a rotation axis about a rotation axis and through an adjacent one
  • Commutator arranged air gap are electrically insulated from each other.
  • a fixing agent applied to the commutator in a flowable phase without molding has hardened after a flow process between two commutator segments adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation, and the position of the commutator segments is fixed by the hardened fixing agent.
  • the mold-free applied fixing agent flows at least in sections into the axially parallel to the axis of rotation extending air gap between two adjacent Kommutatorsegmenten and fixed after curing the Kommutatorsegmente in their position relative to each other and to a drive shaft of the electric motor.
  • apart from the fixing means which consists of an electrically insulating material,
  • a thermosetting resin provided between the Kommutatorsegmenten only an air insulation.
  • the segments may be radially inward in abutment with a sleeve-shaped hub body or directly on the drive shaft of the electric motor.
  • the hub body or the drive shaft has an electrically insulating surface or is made entirely of an electrically insulating material at least in this section. If the commutator has a hub body, this can be secured against rotation on the drive shaft of the electric motor.
  • the drive shaft and / or the hub body may have on their mutually facing surfaces depressions and / or elevations, in particular axially extending grooves or webs are formed by the cavities, in which the fixing can also penetrate and thereby consolidates the rotationally fixed connection between the hub body and drive shaft ,
  • the fixing agent is applied only after the manufacturing process of the commutator has already been completed, preferably after the electrical connection lines for windings of the motor or generator are already connected to the commutator segments.
  • the fixing means is only in fixing engagement with a section of the commutator segments lying radially inwardly with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the radially inner portion may be delimited by a suitable geometric design, for example, by a waist-like taper of a subsequent section.
  • the fixing agent over at least 20%, preferably at least 50% and in particular at least 80% of the radial extent of a radially inner with respect to the axis of rotation portion of the Kommutatorsegmente in fixing contact.
  • the radially inner portion has an extent in the radial direction, which is less than 50%, preferably less than 30%, of the total radial extent of the commutator segments.
  • more than 50%, preferably more than 80%, of the radial extent of the commutator segments remain uncovered by the fixing agent and are available for the formation of the air gap.
  • the commutator segments have a connection section for connecting a winding line of an associated electric motor, in particular an armature winding.
  • the connection section can be formed by an axial end section of the commutator segment being bent in the shape of a hook.
  • the extension of the commutator segments in the circumferential direction at its connection portion and / or at one of the Terminal portion adjacent portion relative to the radial extent of the Kommutatorsegmente reduced in its tread forming portion is improved.
  • the air cooling of the commutator is improved by the widening of the air gap.
  • the taper may be formed in the axial direction stepwise or continuously, in particular by a sloping edge through which a funnel shape for the inflow of the mold-free applied fixing agent is formed in the axial direction with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the fixing in the region of the connecting portion facing the axial end of the commutator in a fixed system.
  • the fixing means in the region of the terminal portion facing the axial end of the fixing in the region of the terminal portion facing the axial end of the
  • Commutator be applied and from there at least partially extend into the air gap.
  • the fixing agent need not be over the entire axial extent in fixing contact with the commutator.
  • the fixing agent is at least 25%, preferably at least 50% and in particular at least 75% of the axial extent of the commutator in a fixed system.
  • the distance between two Kommutatorsegmenten in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis around, in particular the distance between two radially inner portions of adjacent Kommutatorsegmente, and the viscosity of the applied in flowable phase fixing agent is coordinated such that due to the capillarity occurring, ie the occurring capillary forces, the fixing agent flows into the area between two Kommutatorsegmenten.
  • the flow process may also be assisted by the gravitational force acting on the fixer.
  • the fixing means also winding lines of an electric motor, which are connected to the commutator, fixed with respect to the commutator.
  • the fixing means can preferably be applied to the connection section of the commutator segments with the connected winding lines and from there, conveyed by the capillary forces and / or the gravitational force, flow into the air gap between the commutator segments.
  • the fixing agent is a resin which can be applied to the commutator.
  • the blistering that occurs with a trickle resin, particularly a styrenic hazel resin, upon curing, which is generally undesirable, is minimized by the flow through the capillarity.
  • the Kommutatorsegrnente be fixed by means of a clamping element, preferably by means of at least two, arranged at axially different positions clamping elements on the hub body or directly on the drive shaft.
  • a clamping element in particular a clamping ring can be used, which may be made of a fiber-reinforced, in particular glass fiber reinforced, plastic or ceramic.
  • a resilient deformation of the clamping means and / or the Kommutatorsegmente and / or the hub body or the drive shaft is a high clamping force configuredtell bar.
  • the invention also relates to a power tool having an electric motor with a commutator as described above. It is particularly advantageous that both the winding lines, for example, an armature of the electric motor and the commutator can be fixed simultaneously by the fixing.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a commutator as described above, in which a fixing agent is applied on the commutator in free-flowing phase and cured after a flow between two circumferentially adjacent to the axis of rotation around Kommutatorsegmenten and thereby the position of the Kommutatorsegmente is fixed ,
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a composite with electrically conductive commutator segments
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the composite of FIG. 1, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a section through the composite of FIG. 1, FIG.
  • Fig. 4 shows a view of an end portion of a drive shaft of an electric motor with a commutator according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a section according to VV through the end section of the drive shaft of FIG. 4.
  • 1 shows a perspective view of a composite 2 with electrically conductive commutator segments 12, which are arranged around a rotation axis 10 around. By an air gap 14 arranged between each two adjacent Kommutatorsegmenten 12 they are electrically isolated from each other.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the composite 2 of FIG. 1 at right angles to the axis of rotation 10.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a section through the composite 2 of FIG. 1 along the axis of rotation 10.
  • the commutator segments 12 are each in engagement with a sleeve-shaped hub body 18, with a radially inner section 16 located in relation to the axis of rotation 10.
  • the commutator segments 12 are made of an electrically conductive material, for example made of copper
  • the hub body 18 is made of an electrically insulating material, for example of a fiber-reinforced, in particular glass fiber reinforced, polymer plastic, such as a thermosetting plastic.
  • the hub body 18 may also have an electrically insulating coating on its preferably circular-cylindrical outer surface facing the commutator segments 12.
  • the commutator segments 12 have a connecting portion 20 and a head portion 22 forming the running surface of the commutator 1.
  • the connecting portion 20 has a smaller axial extent than the adjacent foot portion 16 and the adjacent head portion 22, thereby characterized at the opposite axial ends of the commutator 12 in the Region of the connecting portion 20, a recess is formed, which form a concentric to the axis of rotation 10 circumferential groove in the composite 2, in which a respective reinforcing ring 24 is inserted as a clamping means 24.
  • the axial extent of the clamping means 24 is greater than the axial projection of the foot portion 16 relative to the
  • the head portion 22 also has a longer axial extent than the connecting portion 20 and even projects beyond the clamping means 24 at the axial end sides.
  • connection portion 26 which is formed in the embodiment by a hook-shaped bending of the head portion 22.
  • connection portion 26 a connecting line of a winding of the associated electric motor can be set and electrically connected to the commutator 12.
  • a further section 52 adjoining the connecting section 26 has a smaller extension in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation 10 than the section 50 of the commutator segments 12 adjoining this further section 52, which defines the running surface for the Commutator 1 forms.
  • the smaller extent is provided only in the head portion 22 of the commutator segments 12, while the foot portion 16 and / or the connecting portion 20 over the entire axial length have a constant extent in the circumferential direction.
  • the transition from the tread portion 50 to the further portion 52 is effected by an inclined surface 54. This results in a funnel-shaped widening of the air gap 14 at the transition from the tread portion 50 to the other Section 52.
  • the planes defined by the surfaces laterally bounding the further section 52 extend parallel to the axis of rotation 10 and may also run parallel to one another, or these planes may be inclined relative to one another in such a way that these planes intersect in the axis of rotation 10. Accordingly, in the area between the further sections 52 of adjacent commutator segments 12, the width of the air gap 14 in the circumferential direction may be independent of the radial distance from the axis of rotation 10, or the width of the air gap 14 decreases with decreasing distance from the axis of rotation 10.
  • the axial extent of the other Section 52 is between 10 and 60%, in particular between 20 and 45% and preferably between 30 and 35% of the axial extent of the tread portion 50.
  • the bent connecting portion 26 has over the further portion 52 a further reduced extent in the circumferential direction.
  • the hub body 18 is sleeve-shaped with a preferably circular-cylindrical bore, which is widened at its axial end sides, wherein the widening may be formed by a radius or at least in sections by a conical surface.
  • the hub body 18 is widened axially in each case by a chamfer 28.
  • the radially inner portion 16 is delimited from the connecting portion 20 by a waist-like taper.
  • the head portion 22 is delimited by a waist-like taper opposite the connecting portion 20.
  • the width of the air gap 14 is substantially independent of the radial distance from the axis of rotation, ie constant, whereas the air gap 14 in the region of Connecting portion 20 has a larger width.
  • the hub body 1 8 facing radially inner portion 16 has a plane or a concentric to the axis of rotation 10 curved end face with which the commutator 12 is in contact with the hub body 18.
  • stabilizing elements may be arranged in the air gap 14, in particular in the region of the air gap 14 bounded by the connecting sections 20 of adjacent commutator segments 12.
  • the clamping means 24, in particular reinforcing rings not or at least not only be in contact with the commutator 12, but in contact with the stabilizing elements.
  • the stabilizing elements can be formed, for example, by cylindrical stabilizing bodies against which the clamping means 24 clamp. This will be the
  • Clamping force of the clamping means 24 is introduced via the stabilizing elements in the commutator segments 12 and thereby further increases the strength of the commutator 1.
  • a stabilizing element can be arranged in each air gap 14 of the commutator 1 or it can be arranged stabilizing elements 14 only in some, preferably in the circumferential direction equally distributed air gaps.
  • FIG. 4 shows a view of an end section of a drive shaft 30 of an electric motor with a commutator 1 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section according to V-V through the end section of the drive shaft 30 of FIG. 4.
  • the drive shaft 30 has a preferably metallic shaft core 32, the at least partially from a shaft shroud 34 from is surrounded by an electrically insulating material.
  • the shaft core 32 comes out of the shaft jacket 34 and has in this section a circumferential groove 36, for example for the insertion of a shaft securing ring, and a bearing pin 38.
  • the shaft core 32 has at least sections and preferably circumferential indentations 40, for example a spiral groove, through which the rotationally fixed connection between the shaft jacket 34 and the shaft core 32 is solidified.
  • the corrugated sheath 34 parallel to the axis of rotation 10 extending webs 48 with grooves arranged therebetween.
  • the hub body 18 is in clamping engagement with the shaft casing 34 and thus on the drive shaft 30.
  • the commutator 1 is placed on the drive shaft 30 in such a way that the connection section 26 to be connected to the winding leads lies at the end of the commutator 1 that is remote from a commutator 1 near the end of the drive shaft 32.
  • the fixing agent 42 applied to the commutator 1 in free-flowing phase covers the area of the connection section 26 and has flowed from there into the region of the air gap 14 between two commutator segments 12.
  • the geometry of the air gap 14, in particular the geometry of the radially inner portions 16 of the Kommutatorsegmente 12, and the viscosity of the fixing agent 42 in the flowable phase are coordinated so that the fixing agent 42 in the cured state between 40 and 60% of the axial Extension of the commutator segments 12 extends into the air gap 14 inside.
  • the cured fixing agent 42 is in one Range of about 40 to 60% of the radial extent of the radially inner portion 16 in contact with the Kommutatorsegmenten 12th
  • the fixing means 42 flows into the grooves arranged between the webs 48 and additionally fixes the hub body 18 on the shaft jacket 34 and thus on the drive shaft 30.
  • the fixing means 42 likewise does not flow over the entire axial length in the grooves between the webs 48 but only in about as far as it is in contact with the commutator 12, in the embodiment between 40 and 60% of the axial extent of the commutator 12th
  • the fixer! 42 connects to a shaped body 46 made of an electrically insulating material, which connects to the drive shaft 30 to the commutator 1 in the direction of an armature winding 44 only partially shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the drive shaft 30 can be rotated with the attached commutator 1 in a horizontal position of the axis of rotation 10 and thereby the fixing means 42 are dropped onto the connection portion 26 from above. Due to the capillary forces occurring and / or by the gravitational force acting on the fixing means 42, the distribution of the fixing agent into the air gap 14 between the commutator segments 12 and / or into the grooves formed by the webs 48 occurs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un commutateur (1) comportant des segments de commutateur conducteurs (12). Les segments de commutateur sont disposés autour d'un axe de rotation (10) sans corps en matière compressible et sont isolés électriquement l'un par rapport à l'autre par un entrefer (14) disposé entre deux segments de commutateur adjacents (12). Le commutateur est caractérisé en ce qu'un agent de fixation (42) appliqué en phase liquide sans formes sur le commutateur (1) est durci à la suite d'un processus de coulage entre deux segments de commutateur (12) adjacents dans le sens périphérique, autour de l'axe de rotation (10), et la position des segments de commutateur est fixée par l'agent de fixation durci (42). L'invention concerne également un outil électrique comportant un moteur électrique pourvu d'un tel commutateur et un procédé de fabrication d'un commutateur.
EP09715559A 2008-02-25 2009-02-11 Commutateur, outil électrique comportant un moteur électrique pourvu d'un tel commutateur et procédé de fabrication du commutateur Withdrawn EP2248232A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008011504A DE102008011504A1 (de) 2008-02-25 2008-02-25 Kommutator, Elektrowerkzeug mit einem Elektromotor mit einem solchen Kommutator und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kommutators
PCT/EP2009/000946 WO2009106229A2 (fr) 2008-02-25 2009-02-11 Commutateur, outil électrique comportant un moteur électrique pourvu d'un tel commutateur et procédé de fabrication du commutateur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2248232A2 true EP2248232A2 (fr) 2010-11-10

Family

ID=40896788

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09715559A Withdrawn EP2248232A2 (fr) 2008-02-25 2009-02-11 Commutateur, outil électrique comportant un moteur électrique pourvu d'un tel commutateur et procédé de fabrication du commutateur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20110037341A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2248232A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008011504A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009106229A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117220105B (zh) * 2023-09-21 2024-05-03 安固集团有限公司 一种电机换向器及压制工装

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB285661A (en) * 1927-03-10 1928-02-23 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to commutators for dynamo electric machines
DE1275193B (de) * 1963-10-15 1968-08-14 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kommutators fuer elektrische Maschinen
DD138455A1 (de) * 1978-08-22 1979-10-31 Fritz Donath Kommutator fuer elektrische maschinen
US4862575A (en) * 1987-04-23 1989-09-05 Nippon Denso Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for finishing grooved articles
DE3714098A1 (de) 1987-04-28 1988-11-10 Kautt & Bux Kg Kommutator fuer maschinen kleiner bis mittlerer groesse und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE29802497U1 (de) * 1998-02-13 1998-05-20 Kolektor D.O.O., Idrija Kommutator
DE10250261A1 (de) * 2002-10-28 2004-06-09 Kolektor D.O.O. Kommutator für eine elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102005023492A1 (de) * 2005-05-18 2006-12-21 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Coburg Scheibenläufer für einen Flachmotor zum Antrieb einer Verstelleinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Scheibenläufers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2009106229A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009106229A2 (fr) 2009-09-03
US20110037341A1 (en) 2011-02-17
DE102008011504A1 (de) 2009-08-27
WO2009106229A3 (fr) 2009-10-29

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