EP2239377A1 - Motorized machine for digging a trench in the soil and for depositing in said trench long objects - Google Patents

Motorized machine for digging a trench in the soil and for depositing in said trench long objects Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2239377A1
EP2239377A1 EP10159081A EP10159081A EP2239377A1 EP 2239377 A1 EP2239377 A1 EP 2239377A1 EP 10159081 A EP10159081 A EP 10159081A EP 10159081 A EP10159081 A EP 10159081A EP 2239377 A1 EP2239377 A1 EP 2239377A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
frame
trench
vertical
machine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP10159081A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Léon Jean-Marie Carabin
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Marais Contracting Services
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Marais Contracting Services
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marais Contracting Services filed Critical Marais Contracting Services
Publication of EP2239377A1 publication Critical patent/EP2239377A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/08—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging wheels turning round an axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/101—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables forming during digging, e.g. underground canalisations or conduits, by bending or twisting a strip of pliable material; by extrusion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/14—Component parts for trench excavators, e.g. indicating devices travelling gear chassis, supports, skids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a motorized machine for digging trenches in the ground and laying elongated objects in the trench thus produced.
  • extended objects refers in particular to the cables of the electrical networks, for example medium and low voltages, telephone and optical systems intended to be buried, at variable depths, in trenches, but it could also relate to flexible pipes or conduits for specific fluidic networks.
  • the height of the latter is necessarily important (for example, nearly four meters for a trencher wheel diameter of 2.5 meters), which implies in addition to a substantial weight but in addition a high center of gravity.
  • This height must also take into account the distance between the base of the stem on the chassis of the ground and the rise of the motorized machine on the inclined ramps of the platform of a carrier vehicle to prevent the wheel slicer ( located at the rear of the machine) does not touch the ground when the machine tilts backwards when climbing the ramps.
  • the drum of the support device, on which the cable is wound is placed at the front of the chassis (as opposed to the digging device situated at the rear), the cable travels over the machine and the digging device passing on appropriate guide supports which are at a consistent height greater than that of the gallows (the highest point of the machine).
  • the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages.
  • the height of the bracket on the chassis when it occupies the low position (retracted), is greatly reduced while giving an identical or even greater displacement travel between its two extreme low positions (return) and high (output), to the previous design.
  • the height of the telescopic stem in the lower position is lower, the top of the stem being at a level substantially identical to or less than the roof of the cab and / or the cowling of the engine unit of the machine, which now allows this one, with a smaller height, to circulate without obstacle along the roads.
  • the center of gravity of the telescopic stem is thus lowered ensuring a better overall stability, and the elongated objects are set up much more easily than previously on the top of the bracket, for their passage over the digging device, decreasing the risk of accidents for the operators responsible for passing the cables over the machine.
  • said frame comprises a transverse slide on which is slidably mounted said telescopic stem under the action of said corresponding control member, and said first and second members of said stem comprise vertical rails between which are respectively mounted sliding said second and third elements of said bracket, under the action of said corresponding control members.
  • said transverse displacement control member on said bracket and on said frame is mounted on reversible intermediate fasteners.
  • said body of control (cylinder) can ensure the translation to the left or right of the bracket by reversing the fasteners of said body of control (cylinder) on the fasteners linked to the first element of the bracket and the slideway of the chassis without disassembling said control member.
  • said device for supporting said elongated object is placed in front of said frame with respect to its direction of advance during the production of said trench, and said digging device is placed at the rear of said frame, guiding said elongate object being arranged on said frame and said digging device to bring said elongated object into said trench.
  • said digging device further comprises a controllable offset equipment of said trencher wheel, provided between the latter and said telescopic bracket and ensuring the transverse displacement of said wheel to lateral positions beyond the width of said wheel. chassis and its approximation or removal of said chassis.
  • This equipment facilitates the driving of the slicing wheel in work during the advance of the machine being able to place it precisely at the desired location by the operator, allows to perform a trench out of the template (in width) of the machine near an embankment or other, for example, adjusts the distance separating the slicing wheel from the frame according to the quantity of cuttings leaving the excavation carried out by the trencher wheel and depending on the depth of the trench made to avoid the clogging of the tracks and the chassis, and brings the wheel closer to the chassis when transporting the machine.
  • said digging device comprises a tilt correction equipment of said frame provided between said telescopic bracket and said trencher wheel, and to maintain it in a vertical work plane.
  • the trencher wheel is still in the vertical plane even if the ground, on which the machine is located, has a slope.
  • said equipment respectively offset and slope correction are related to each other, said correction equipment cant being associated with said telescopic stem and said offset equipment being associated with the frame of said slicing wheel.
  • said tilt correction equipment comprises a rotary ring about a horizontal axis, parallel to the plane of said frame, and composed of two relatively rotatable parts relative to each other about said axis, under the action of control members, and respectively associated with said carriage of the telescopic stem and said offset equipment.
  • said offset equipment may comprise, in a preferred embodiment, a box arm mounted at its ends about parallel vertical axes, one of which is connected to the second rotating portion of said ring and the other is connected to said trencher wheel, and control members respectively connecting said ring to said box arm and said box arm to said wheel frame for effecting said rotations about said vertical axes.
  • the frame carrying said trencher wheel consists mainly of two parts hinged to each other about a horizontal axis orthogonal to the vertical plane of said trencher wheel, a first part supporting said wheel and a second part connected to said sliding carriage, and at least one control member being provided between said parts to allow movement of said wheel in a vertical plane between a lowered working position and an inactive raised position.
  • control members are hydraulic cylinders powered by a power unit provided on said frame.
  • the motorized vehicle 1 comprises a horizontal frame 2 carried by rolling members such that, in this example, two left 3 and right 4 tracks, a motor group 5 in the broad sense of the term, mounted on the frame and ensuring the advance of the machine 1 and the operation of the different servitudes (fluidic, electric, ...), and to carry out the realization of the trench T in the ground S and the laying of elongated object therein, a device of digging 6 and a support device 7 of the elongate object to be laid, such as a cable or cable harness C.
  • the digging device 6 is located at the rear of the chassis 2 with respect to the forward direction, arrow A, of the vehicle, and that it is arranged in this example, in the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the motorized vehicle ( figure 2 ).
  • the support device 7 is, meanwhile, provided at the front of the frame and is in the form of a rotary drum 8 carried at its ends by side arms 9, articulated to the frame 2.
  • the digging device 6 consists of several subassemblies, namely: a vertical stem 10 connected to the frame 2 and in particular for adjusting the depth of the trench, a trenching wheel 11 for making the trench and its frame or support frame 12 connected to said bracket, an offset equipment 14 of the trencher wheel and a tilt correction equipment 15 thereof, said equipment 14, 15 being arranged between the vertical bracket 10 and the frame 12 of the slicing wheel 11.
  • the vertical stem 10 of the digging device is telescopic and consists, as shown in particular by Figures 3 and 4 , a first column-shaped base element 16, a second intermediate element 17 mounted vertically displaceable in the first element and a third trolley-shaped end element 18 mounted vertically displaceable in the second element intermediate and connected to the frame 12 of the trencher wheel 11 by the equipment 14, 15.
  • the first column element 16 rests on the frame 2 by a sliding link with horizontal displacement, transversely to the frame, that is to say perpendicularly to the vertical plane of symmetry PP.
  • the link is defined by a slideway with two parallel and transverse guide rails 19, which are fixed to 2 and on which are mounted corresponding sliders 20 formed under the first member 16.
  • a control member 21, such as a hydraulic cylinder, ensures the displacement or sliding of the telescopic vertical stem 10 relative to the frame 2, its cylinder 21B being in this example linked to the frame and its rod 21A to the first element.
  • the attachment of the hydraulic cylinder 21 between the first member 16 of the bracket 10 and the transverse guide 19 of the frame 2 is advantageously reversible so that, depending on the needs of the moment such as the positioning of the wheel on the slide and the location of the trench to be made to the left or right of the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the machine, the bracket 10 can be brought by sliding from the right to the left of the chassis or vice versa.
  • two intermediate fasteners 22A, 22B in the form of stirrups are provided for connecting the rod 21A and the cylinder 21B of the cylinder is respectively with the bracket 10 and the slideway 19 of the chassis or vice versa, without having to disassemble the cylinder itself.
  • the parallel rail transverse slide 19 comprises, in its middle and parallel to the latter, a central rail 19A, provided with aligned holes 19B for mounting the fasteners 22A, 22B of the jack, and side lugs 16A identical but opposite are provided on the gallows 10 to also receive the fasteners.
  • a fastener 22A is secured, by an attachment pin 21C, to a side lug 16A of the first member 16 and additionally receives the end of the rod 21A of the jack, and this fastener 22A rests by its inverted U-bracket on the central rail 19A so as to slide freely thereon.
  • the fastener 22B carrying the corresponding end of the cylinder 21B, located under the first element of the bracket is fixed to the central rail 19A of the slideway by a fixing pin, not visible, passing through the relevant hole of the rail central.
  • the stem 10 can slide on the slide 19 according to the stroke of the cylinder 21. Also, to ensure its movement to the opposite track or return to the initial position of Figures 5, 6 , it is simply necessary to reverse the assembly of fastening pins fasteners without touching the cylinder to advance transversely step by step (depending on the stroke of the cylinder).
  • the two fasteners are dismounted, on the one hand, the fixing axis "cylinder-rail” to put it at the level of the cylinder 21B and the concerned ear 16A of the gallows and, on the other hand, the axis of fixing 21C "rod-ear” to put it at the level of the rod 21A and the central rail 19A, and so on.
  • the wheel 11 works most often with a right offset (as on the Figure 2A ) corresponding to the direction of movement of the machine.
  • the mounting of the second intermediate element 17 in the first is of the same type as above and is achieved by a parallel and vertical rail slide connection 23 provided in the first element 16 and between which are mounted corresponding vertical sliders 24 formed in the second element.
  • a control member 25, such as a hydraulic cylinder, provides the vertical movement (up-down) of the second member 17 relative to the first 16.
  • a control member 28 such as a hydraulic cylinder, provides vertical sliding (up-down) of the carriage 18 relative to the intermediate element 17.
  • the stem has a reduced height in the lower position, lower than the highest part of the machine (roof of the cabin if the machine is controlled or cowling of the power unit if the machine is radio-controlled) with previously stated advantages, and has a vertical stroke at least as great as the previous design.
  • the slicing wheel 1 is provided, at the periphery of its vertical veil 30, cutting or digging members 31 (peaks or teeth) distributed along the latter and inclined appropriately to proceed to the realization of the excavation, that is to say the digging of the trench T.
  • These members 31 can be mounted fixedly or removably on the periphery (rim) of the web 30.
  • such a slicing wheel 11 may have a diameter of up to more than 2.5 meters depending on the depth required and the type of elongated objects to be buried, and a width of a few centimeters to several tens of centimeters. And, functionally, it is driven in rotation, around its horizontal geometric axis 32 by geared motors 34 which are mounted, in the usual way, on side and parallel sides 35 of the frame 12 of the slicing wheel 11 and which cooperate, by pairs of gear gears-not shown crowns, with the latter to drive it in rotation.
  • geared motors 34 are located in the upper part of the wheel, so that more than half of it can be buried in the ground to make deep trenches if necessary.
  • the frame 12 of the trencher wheel usually consists of two structural parts 36 and 37 connected to one another about a horizontal articulation axis 38 parallel to the axis of rotation 32 of the wheel, and located between the rear of the frame 2 and the front periphery of the slicing wheel 11.
  • a lower portion 36 substantially in a horizontal position on the figure 1 , comprise the two vertical lateral flanks 35 carrying the geared motors 34 and ends, at its free end opposite the hinge axis 38, by a heel 39.
  • the latter follows the rear periphery of the slicing wheel 11 relative to in the direction of advance A of the machine 1 and engages in the trench T to apply, by its substantially horizontal lower edge 40, against the bottom FD of the excavation.
  • an upper portion 37 substantially vertical, is connected to the sliding carriage of the bracket 10 by the offset equipment 14 and cant correction 15 of the trencher wheel, as will be seen below.
  • Control members 41 such as two parallel and identical hydraulic cylinders, connect around hinge pins, the free ends of the two parts 36, 37 of the frame 12, so as to pass the slicing wheel 11, a lowered digging position to an inclined raised position including transport, and vice versa.
  • the offset equipment 14, shown on the Figures 2 to 6 authorizes the transverse displacement of the trencher wheel 11 parallel to the longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the machine 1, in addition to the displacement provided by the telescopic bracket 10 on the frame 2, and the bringing together or removal of the wheel 11 in its plan, relative to the rear of the chassis, as will be seen in more detail later.
  • the offset equipment 14 is defined by a rigid box arm 43 having an approximately quadrilateral planar shape (parallelogram) with two vertical and parallel front 44 and rear 45 sides respectively connected to the sliding carriage 18, through the tilt correction equipment 15, and the frame 12 of the slicing wheel.
  • two vertical hinge pins 46, 47 connect, on the one hand, the front side 44 of the box arm 43 to the tilt correction equipment 15 described below and, on the other hand, the rear side 45 of the arm at the upper vertical portion 37 of the frame 12 of the trencher wheel.
  • control members 48, 49 in the form, again, of hydraulic cylinders are provided.
  • two hydraulic cylinders 48 are arranged horizontally (parallel to the plane of the frame) respectively on either side of the box arm 43 and connect it to the tilt correction equipment 15 to ensure angular movements left and right of the box arm 43
  • two hydraulic cylinders 49 are arranged horizontally respectively on either side of the boxed arm and connect the latter to the upper part 37 of the frame 12 of the trencher wheel, to ensure the angular movements thereof around the axis 47, opposite to those of the arm relative to the bracket, to maintain the slicing wheel 11 in a plane parallel to the longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the machine, c ' that is to say parallel to the direction of advance A of the machine 1.
  • the tilt correction equipment 15 which is more clearly seen on the figure 6 it is mainly composed of a rotating ring 50 about a horizontal axis 51 parallel to the frame 2.
  • the ring comprises a fixed portion 52 secured to the carriage sliding member 18 of the telescopic stem 10 and a movable part 53 rotatably mounted on the fixed part 52 by means of control members 54 around the horizontal axis 51 and integral with the box arm 43.
  • these control members 54 are hydraulic cylinders disposed approximately vertically and symmetrically to each other on each side of said axis, and connecting the fixed part 52 to the movable part 53 of the ring gear 50.
  • vertical guide supports 58 designated combs, are provided at the front of the chassis, at the exit of the drum 8, then at the rear of the chassis 2 on the telescopic stem 10 (which is noted that in the low position, its height does not exceed that of the highest part of the machine facilitating the laying of the cable on the corresponding comb), and on the free end of the lower portion 36 of the wheel frame 12.
  • a formwork 60 consisting of two parallel plates 61 assembled and substantially corresponding to the height and width of the trench, is introduced into it, being articulated around a vertical axis 62 at the rear of the heel 39 of the frame 12.
  • the cable C thus passes between the two plates 61, on and under transverse rotary rollers 63 to maintain it and make it take an adequate curvature, so that it formwork substantially horizontally parallel to the bottom FD of the excavation carried out.
  • the cable C is placed on a bed of LS protection sand dumped, by equipment not shown, at the formwork 60, before the arrival of the cable C on the bottom.
  • two vertical plates 63 are arranged symmetrically to the plane PP on the sliding carriage 18 of the bracket 10.
  • These plates 63 are provided with a plurality of connectors intended for hydraulic pipes or hoses or other not shown for the sake of clarity on the Figures, which are from the power group on the machine 1 and go to the servitudes of the digging device 6 (cylinders, geared motors, etc. ..).
  • the motorized vehicle 1, represented on the figures 1 and 2 is in the working position, the slicing wheel 11 of its digging device 6 being in the process of producing a trench T in which a cable C, coming from the support device 7, is placed.
  • the digging device 6 is in the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the machine 1, which is of course an arbitrary position.
  • the trencher wheel 11 is generally in any other plane parallel to PP that can be located, according to the transverse displacement of the telescopic bracket 10 on the slide 19 of the frame 2 and according to the actuation of the offset equipment 14 by the operator, between the two left and right maximum offset positions, one of which (the right) is represented on the Figure 2A .
  • These different positions given to the trencher wheel 11 are a function of the nature and relief of the terrain encountered, the space available, obstacles to avoid, etc.
  • the operation of the machine 1 and the digging device 6 is provided by the general power unit 5 and the various controls to its smooth operation can be carried out in the cabin by the operator or remote control by remote control.
  • the digging members 31 perform the trench T.
  • the telescopic stem 10 has a low position, with a minimum height, the sliding carriage 18 being closest to the ground S, which causes the slicing wheel 11 to make a trench T having a maximum depth, greater than half of its radius.
  • the telescopic stem, with its equipment 6 and 7 and its wheel 11 is in the low position, with a center of gravity as low as possible, the traction forces generated by the train of tracks 3, 4 to pull the assembly are less, compared to a higher standard monobloc stem. In this way, the mechanical stresses on the various components drawn are also smaller avoiding damage to them.
  • the articulated frame 12 of the trencher wheel 11 is of course in the lowered position by the extension of the two corresponding cylinders 41, and the lower edge 40 of the heel 39 of the frame is thus applied to the bottom FD excavation to smooth the latter.
  • a spacer 68 in the form of an inclined plate.
  • This spacer is carried by a control member 69, such as a hydraulic cylinder, associated with said lower portion 36 and disposed substantially vertically to apply the spacer to the ground.
  • the two spacers 68 are intended to evacuate to the outside the cuttings D exited by the peaks 31 of the trencher wheel 11 during the execution of the face of size FT trench T (cuttings D out on the ground on both sides of the wheel were not represented on the figure 2 ).
  • the offset equipment 14 can bring closer or move the wheel in its plane relative to the rear of the frame 2.
  • the cylinders 48 and 49 working in opposition and the hinge pins 46 and 47 is formed more or less an angle ( initially flat) between the tilt correction equipment 15 (linked to the carriage 18 of the telescopic bracket) and the box arm 43 and, simultaneously, an identical but opposite angle between the box arm 43 and the frame 12 of the wheel to maintain the wheel parallel to the plane PP (see Figures 2A and 5 especially).
  • the above angles of the offset equipment are flat, resulting in a maximum distance of the slicing wheel 11 by relative to the chassis 2, to allow the evacuation of cuttings D and avoid clogging of the track train 3, 4 and the chassis 2 in general.
  • the motor unit 5 can be mounted on rotating equipment such as a rotary ring (not shown) around a vertical axis or horizontal cross slide equipment, so as to be (rotational or translational) ) in a position opposite to the digging device relative to the chassis and, thus, balance and stabilize the machine during its progression.
  • rotating equipment such as a rotary ring (not shown) around a vertical axis or horizontal cross slide equipment, so as to be (rotational or translational) ) in a position opposite to the digging device relative to the chassis and, thus, balance and stabilize the machine during its progression.
  • the motorized vehicle 1 stops and the telescopic stem 10 is actuated so as to slide the second intermediate element 17 and the carriage 18 towards the high by their respective cylinders 25, 28, until the slicing wheel 11 is out of the trench T.
  • the rotation R thereof is stopped. It is then possible to act on the articulated frame, even before or simultaneously with the movement of the bracket, in order to move the slicing wheel 11 from the lowered position to the inclined raised position of the frame 12 by retracting the corresponding cylinders 41.
  • a carrier vehicle 70 such as that shown partially and schematically on the figure 7 and consists of a tractor truck (not visible) and its flat trailer 72. Inclined ramps 73, hinged to the rear of the trailer 72, allow the rise (and descent) of the motorized vehicle 1 on the trailer. And it is understood that, in order to prevent the slicing wheel 11 from touching the ground S when the machine is climbing on the ramps (especially when the latter is coming onto the ramps 73 in totality), the wheel 11 must be in the raised position on its hinged frame 12 and the bracket 10 must be in the upper position given by the sliding of the intermediate element 17 and the carriage 18.
  • the slicing wheel 11 is disposed prior to mounting the machine 1 on the trailer 72, so as to be in the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry PP, by acting on the transverse displacement of the bracket 10 on the slideways of the frame 2 and on the offset equipment 14 to bring the wheel of the frame as close as possible.
  • the formwork 60 has been previously detached from the heel 39, and the guide supports 58 are folded.
  • the telescopic stem 10 is lowered to its lower position, until the slicing wheel 11 comes into contact with or near the platform 72 of the vehicle carrier.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The machine (1) has a basic element (16) positioned on a frame (2) in a transverse manner to move with the frame. An intermediate element (17) is vertically assembled to move in the basic element. A third element forms a carriage (18), is assembled vertically to move in the intermediate element and connected to a trenching wheel above the carriage passing elongated objects. Displacements of a telescopic vertical support beam (10) are obtained by a control unit (21) and other two control units, where all control units are hydraulic cylinders that are supplied by a power unit (5).

Description

La présente invention concerne un engin motorisé pour le creusage de tranchées dans le sol et la pose d'objets allongés dans la tranchée ainsi réalisée.The present invention relates to a motorized machine for digging trenches in the ground and laying elongated objects in the trench thus produced.

L'expression « objets allongés » désigne notamment les câbles des réseaux électriques, par exemple moyenne et basse tensions, téléphoniques et optiques destinés à être enfouis, à des profondeurs variables, dans des tranchées, mais elle pourrait également concerner des tuyaux ou canalisations souples pour des réseaux fluidiques spécifiques.The term "elongated objects" refers in particular to the cables of the electrical networks, for example medium and low voltages, telephone and optical systems intended to be buried, at variable depths, in trenches, but it could also relate to flexible pipes or conduits for specific fluidic networks.

On connaît déjà de tels types d'engins motorisés comme ceux décrits par exemple par FR 2 822 862 et EP 0 251 876 . Dans ce dernier document, l'engin motorisé comporte, sur son châssis horizontal porté par des organes de roulement :

  • un dispositif de creusage de la tranchée par roue trancheuse, comportant une potence de support verticale de ladite roue, qui est montée perpendiculairement sur ledit châssis de manière transversalement déplaçable à celui-ci et le long de laquelle peut se déplacer dans un plan vertical ladite roue trancheuse ; et
  • un dispositif de support dudit objet allongé par touret rotatif, associé audit châssis et acheminant ledit objet allongé jusque dans ladite tranchée réalisée en passant au-dessus dudit dispositif de creusage.
Such types of motorized vehicles are already known, such as those described for example by FR 2 822 862 and EP 0 251 876 . In this last document, the motorized machine comprises, on its horizontal frame carried by rolling members:
  • a trencher trench digging device, having a vertical support bracket of said wheel, which is mounted perpendicularly to said frame transversely displaceable thereto and along which can move in a vertical plane said wheel slicer; and
  • a device for supporting said elongated object by rotating drum, associated with said frame and conveying said elongated object into said trench made by passing above said digging device.

Ainsi, par suite de l'avance de l'engin motorisé et de la rotation de la roue trancheuse, dont la profondeur de creusage de celle-ci se règle par son coulissement vertical le long de la potence de support de hauteur fixe, on réalise quasi-simultanément le creusage de la tranchée et la pose des objets allongés avec des résultats tout à fait satisfaisants.Thus, as a result of the advance of the motorized machine and the rotation of the trencher wheel, the digging depth of which it is regulated by its vertical sliding along the fixed height support bracket, it achieves almost simultaneously the digging of the trench and the laying of elongated objects with quite satisfactory results.

Cependant, un tel engin présente néanmoins quelques inconvénients rencontrés notamment au niveau de la potence et, par suite, au niveau du passage des câbles sur celle-ci et des efforts engendrés lors de l'avance de l'engin.However, such a machine nevertheless has some disadvantages encountered especially at the gallows and, consequently, at the passage of the cables thereon and the forces generated during the advance of the machine.

En effet, comme la profondeur de creusage est donnée par le coulissement vertical, via un organe de commande, du bâti portant la roue trancheuse, sur la potence verticale, la hauteur de cette dernière est nécessairement importante (par exemple, près de quatre mètres pour un diamètre de roue trancheuse de 2,5 mètres), ce qui implique outre un poids conséquent mais en plus un centre de gravité haut. Cette hauteur doit également tenir compte de la distance séparant la base de la potence sur le châssis du sol et de la montée de l'engin motorisé sur les rampes inclinées de la plate-forme d'un véhicule porteur pour éviter que la roue trancheuse (située à l'arrière de l'engin) ne touche le sol lorsque l'engin bascule vers l'arrière lors de sa montée sur les rampes.Indeed, as the depth of digging is given by the vertical sliding, via a control member, of the frame carrying the slicing wheel, on the vertical stem, the height of the latter is necessarily important (for example, nearly four meters for a trencher wheel diameter of 2.5 meters), which implies in addition to a substantial weight but in addition a high center of gravity. This height must also take into account the distance between the base of the stem on the chassis of the ground and the rise of the motorized machine on the inclined ramps of the platform of a carrier vehicle to prevent the wheel slicer ( located at the rear of the machine) does not touch the ground when the machine tilts backwards when climbing the ramps.

De plus, on sait que les efforts de traction engendrés par les organes de roulement (roues, chenilles) pour l'avance de l'engin passent par la potence puis par la roue trancheuse rotative pour assurer sa progression. Or, comme la hauteur de la potence est importante et que son centre de gravité est haut, les efforts de fatigue sur les différents équipements sont eux aussi importants, conduisant à une maintenance suivie et à une usure précoce de ceux-ci.In addition, it is known that the traction forces generated by the rolling members (wheels, caterpillars) for the advance of the machine pass through the stem and then the rotary slicer wheel to ensure its progression. However, as the height of the stem is important and its center of gravity is high, the fatigue efforts on the various equipment are also important, leading to maintenance and early wear of them.

Par ailleurs, comme le touret du dispositif de support, sur lequel est enroulé le câble, est placé à l'avant du châssis (en opposition au dispositif de creusage situé à l'arrière), le câble chemine au-dessus de l'engin et du dispositif de creusage en passant sur des supports de guidage appropriés qui se trouvent à une hauteur conséquente supérieure à celle de la potence (point le plus haut de l'engin).Moreover, since the drum of the support device, on which the cable is wound, is placed at the front of the chassis (as opposed to the digging device situated at the rear), the cable travels over the machine and the digging device passing on appropriate guide supports which are at a consistent height greater than that of the gallows (the highest point of the machine).

On comprend donc que la mise en place sur les supports de guidage des câbles à poser à une telle hauteur est incommode et dangereuse pour les opérateurs chargés de cette tâche. Les risques d'accident (chute, accrochage avec d'autres équipements à proximité, ...) sont bien réels et surviennent malheureusement.It is therefore understood that the placing on the guide supports of the cables to be laid at such a height is inconvenient and dangerous for the operators responsible for this task. The risks of accident (fall, clash with other equipment nearby, ...) are real and unfortunately occur.

De plus, une telle hauteur peut gêner la progression de l'engin motorisé lorsque ce dernier doit passer sous des portiques, ponts ou autres obstacles de hauteur inférieure.In addition, such a height can hinder the progression of the motorized vehicle when the latter must pass under gantries, bridges or other obstacles of lower height.

La présente invention a pour objet de remédier à ces inconvénients.The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages.

A cet effet, l'engin motorisé pour le creusage de tranchées dans le sol et la pose d'objets allongés dans ladite tranchée réalisée, du type tel que défini préalablement, est remarquable, selon l'invention, en ce que ladite potence de support verticale est du type télescopique et se compose d'au moins trois éléments assemblés de manière télescopiquement déplaçable les uns dans les autres entre des positions haute et basse, à savoir :

  • un premier élément de base reposant sur ledit châssis de manière transversalement déplaçable à celui-ci ;
  • un deuxième élément intermédiaire monté verticalement déplaçable dans ledit premier élément ; et
  • un troisième élément formant chariot, monté verticalement déplaçable dans ledit deuxième élément et relié à ladite roue trancheuse, au-dessus dudit chariot passant lesdits objets allongés, et lesdits déplacements de ladite potence étant obtenus par des organes de commande.
For this purpose, the motorized machine for digging trenches in the ground and laying elongated objects in said trench, of the type as defined previously, is remarkable, according to the invention, in that said support bracket vertical is of the telescopic type and consists of at least three elements assembled telescopically movable into each other between high and low positions, namely:
  • a first base member resting on said frame transversely displaceable thereto;
  • a second intermediate element mounted vertically displaceable in said first element; and
  • a third carriage member, mounted vertically movable in said second member and connected to said slicing wheel, above said carriage passing said elongate objects, and said movements of said stem being obtained by control members.

Ainsi, grâce à sa conception télescopique, la hauteur de la potence sur le châssis, lorsqu'elle occupe la position basse (rentrée), est fortement réduite tout en conférant une course de déplacement identique voire supérieure entre ses deux positions extrêmes basse (rentrée) et haute (sortie), à la conception antérieure. L'encombrement de la potence télescopique en position basse est moindre, le sommet de la potence se trouvant à un niveau sensiblement identique ou inférieure au toit de la cabine et/ou du capotage du groupe moteur de l'engin, ce qui permet maintenant à celui-ci, avec un gabarit moins haut, de circuler sans obstacle le long des routes. Le centre de gravité de la potence télescopique est ainsi abaissé assurant une meilleure stabilité générale, et les objets allongés sont mis en place beaucoup plus facilement que précédemment sur le sommet de la potence, pour leur passage au-dessus du dispositif de creusage, diminuant les risques d'accident pour les opérateurs chargés de faire passer les câbles au-dessus de l'engin.Thus, thanks to its telescopic design, the height of the bracket on the chassis, when it occupies the low position (retracted), is greatly reduced while giving an identical or even greater displacement travel between its two extreme low positions (return) and high (output), to the previous design. The height of the telescopic stem in the lower position is lower, the top of the stem being at a level substantially identical to or less than the roof of the cab and / or the cowling of the engine unit of the machine, which now allows this one, with a smaller height, to circulate without obstacle along the roads. The center of gravity of the telescopic stem is thus lowered ensuring a better overall stability, and the elongated objects are set up much more easily than previously on the top of the bracket, for their passage over the digging device, decreasing the risk of accidents for the operators responsible for passing the cables over the machine.

Par ailleurs, comme la hauteur de la potence télescopique est plus faible en position basse et que son centre de gravité est abaissé, les efforts de traction engendrés sont moindres entraînant des efforts de fatigue également réduits.Furthermore, as the height of the telescopic stem is lower in the low position and its center of gravity is lowered, the tensile forces generated are lower resulting in fatigue efforts also reduced.

Dans un mode préféré de réalisation, ledit châssis comporte une glissière transversale sur laquelle est montée coulissante ladite potence télescopique sous l'action dudit organe de commande correspondant, et lesdits premier et deuxième éléments de ladite potence comprennent des glissières verticales entre lesquelles sont montés respectivement coulissants lesdits deuxième et troisième éléments de ladite potence, sous l'action desdits organes de commande correspondants. On remarque la conception particulièrement simple et fiable des différents déplacements entre le châssis et la potence, et les éléments entre eux.In a preferred embodiment, said frame comprises a transverse slide on which is slidably mounted said telescopic stem under the action of said corresponding control member, and said first and second members of said stem comprise vertical rails between which are respectively mounted sliding said second and third elements of said bracket, under the action of said corresponding control members. Note the particularly simple and reliable design of the different movements between the frame and the stem, and the elements between them.

Avantageusement, ledit organe de commande à déplacement transversal sur ladite potence et sur ledit châssis est monté sur des attaches intermédiaires réversibles. Ainsi, on peut assurer la translation à gauche ou à droite de la potence en inversant les fixations dudit organe de commande (vérin) sur les attaches liées au premier élément de la potence et à la glissière du châssis sans démonter ledit organe de commande.Advantageously, said transverse displacement control member on said bracket and on said frame is mounted on reversible intermediate fasteners. Thus, it can ensure the translation to the left or right of the bracket by reversing the fasteners of said body of control (cylinder) on the fasteners linked to the first element of the bracket and the slideway of the chassis without disassembling said control member.

Structurellement, ledit dispositif de support dudit objet allongé est placé à l'avant dudit châssis par rapport à son sens d'avance lors de la réalisation de ladite tranchée, et ledit dispositif de creusage est placé à l'arrière dudit châssis, des supports de guidage dudit objet allongé étant agencés sur ledit châssis et sur ledit dispositif de creusage jusqu'à l'amenée dudit objet allongé dans ladite tranchée.Structurally, said device for supporting said elongated object is placed in front of said frame with respect to its direction of advance during the production of said trench, and said digging device is placed at the rear of said frame, guiding said elongate object being arranged on said frame and said digging device to bring said elongated object into said trench.

Avantageusement, ledit dispositif de creusage comporte, de plus, un équipement de déport commandable de ladite roue trancheuse, prévu entre cette dernière et ladite potence télescopique et assurant le déplacement transversal de ladite roue jusqu'à des positions latérales au-delà de la largeur dudit châssis et son rapprochement ou éloignement dudit châssis. Cet équipement facilite la conduite de la roue trancheuse en travail lors de l'avance de l'engin en pouvant la placer précisément à l'endroit voulu par l'opérateur, permet d'effectuer une tranchée hors du gabarit (en largeur) de l'engin près d'un talus ou autre par exemple, règle la distance séparant la roue trancheuse du châssis en fonction de la quantité de déblais sortant de la fouille réalisée par la roue trancheuse et dépendant de la profondeur de la tranchée réalisée pour éviter l'encrassement des chenilles et du châssis, et rapproche la roue du châssis lors du transport de l'engin.Advantageously, said digging device further comprises a controllable offset equipment of said trencher wheel, provided between the latter and said telescopic bracket and ensuring the transverse displacement of said wheel to lateral positions beyond the width of said wheel. chassis and its approximation or removal of said chassis. This equipment facilitates the driving of the slicing wheel in work during the advance of the machine being able to place it precisely at the desired location by the operator, allows to perform a trench out of the template (in width) of the machine near an embankment or other, for example, adjusts the distance separating the slicing wheel from the frame according to the quantity of cuttings leaving the excavation carried out by the trencher wheel and depending on the depth of the trench made to avoid the clogging of the tracks and the chassis, and brings the wheel closer to the chassis when transporting the machine.

De plus, ledit dispositif de creusage comporte un équipement de correction de dévers dudit châssis prévu entre ladite potence télescopique et ladite roue trancheuse, et permettant de maintenir celle-ci dans un plan de travail vertical. Ainsi, la roue trancheuse est-elle toujours dans le plan vertical même si le sol, sur lequel se trouve l'engin, présente un dévers.In addition, said digging device comprises a tilt correction equipment of said frame provided between said telescopic bracket and said trencher wheel, and to maintain it in a vertical work plane. Thus, the trencher wheel is still in the vertical plane even if the ground, on which the machine is located, has a slope.

De préférence, lesdits équipements respectivement de déport et de correction de dévers sont liés l'un à l'autre, ledit équipement de correction de dévers étant associé à ladite potence télescopique et ledit équipement de déport étant associé au bâti de ladite roue trancheuse.Preferably, said equipment respectively offset and slope correction are related to each other, said correction equipment cant being associated with said telescopic stem and said offset equipment being associated with the frame of said slicing wheel.

Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, ledit équipement de correction de dévers comprend une couronne rotative autour d'un axe horizontal, parallèle au plan dudit châssis, et composée de deux parties relativement rotatives l'une par rapport à l'autre autour dudit axe, sous l'action d'organes de commande, et associées respectivement audit chariot de la potence télescopique et audit équipement de déport.In a particular embodiment, said tilt correction equipment comprises a rotary ring about a horizontal axis, parallel to the plane of said frame, and composed of two relatively rotatable parts relative to each other about said axis, under the action of control members, and respectively associated with said carriage of the telescopic stem and said offset equipment.

Et ledit équipement de déport peut comprendre, dans un mode préféré de réalisation, un bras caissonné monté, à ses extrémités, autour d'axes verticaux parallèles, dont l'un est relié à la seconde partie rotative de ladite couronne et dont l'autre est relié à ladite roue trancheuse, et des organes de commande reliant respectivement ladite couronne audit bras caissonné et ledit bras caissonné audit bâti de la roue pour effectuer lesdites rotations autour desdits axes verticaux. Ainsi, une rotation dans un sens du bras par rapport au chariot est compensée par une rotation identique dans l'autre sens du bras par rapport à la roue trancheuse de manière à maintenir cette dernière dans un plan vertical parallèle au plan longitudinal de symétrie de l'engin.And said offset equipment may comprise, in a preferred embodiment, a box arm mounted at its ends about parallel vertical axes, one of which is connected to the second rotating portion of said ring and the other is connected to said trencher wheel, and control members respectively connecting said ring to said box arm and said box arm to said wheel frame for effecting said rotations about said vertical axes. Thus, a rotation in one direction of the arm relative to the carriage is compensated by an identical rotation in the other direction of the arm relative to the trencher wheel so as to maintain the latter in a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the gear.

Par ailleurs, le bâti portant ladite roue trancheuse se compose principalement de deux parties articulées l'une à l'autre autour d'un axe horizontal orthogonal au plan vertical de ladite roue trancheuse, une première partie supportant ladite roue et une seconde partie reliée audit chariot coulissant, et au moins un organe de commande étant prévu entre lesdites parties pour autoriser le déplacement de ladite roue dans un plan vertical entre une position abaissée de travail et une position relevée inactive.Furthermore, the frame carrying said trencher wheel consists mainly of two parts hinged to each other about a horizontal axis orthogonal to the vertical plane of said trencher wheel, a first part supporting said wheel and a second part connected to said sliding carriage, and at least one control member being provided between said parts to allow movement of said wheel in a vertical plane between a lowered working position and an inactive raised position.

De préférence, lesdits organes de commande sont des vérins hydrauliques alimentés par un groupe de puissance prévu sur ledit châssis.Preferably, said control members are hydraulic cylinders powered by a power unit provided on said frame.

Les figures du dessin annexé feront bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée. Sur ces figures, des références identiques désignent des éléments semblables.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en plan longitudinal d'un exemple de réalisation d'un engin motorisé conformément à l'invention, avec ses dispositifs de creusage de tranchée et de pose d'objets allongés, en phase de travail.
  • La figure 2 est une vue de dessus dudit engin motorisé.
  • La figure 2A montre, en position de déport maximale, le dispositif de creusage de l'engin motorisé représenté sur la figure 2.
  • Les figures 3 et 4 sont respectivement des vues en plan agrandies de ladite potence télescopique de l'invention en position basse de travail et en position haute de transport.
  • La figure 5 montre en perspective de dessus le dispositif de creusage en position de déport maximale.
  • La figure 6 montre en perspective frontale le dispositif de creusage avec la couronne de correction de dévers.
  • La figure 7 est une vue en plan longitudinal de l'engin motorisé en cours de montée sur la remorque d'un véhicule de transport.
The figures of the appended drawing will make it clear how the invention can be realized. In these figures, identical references designate similar elements.
  • The figure 1 is a longitudinal plan view of an embodiment of a motorized machine according to the invention, with its trench digging devices and laying elongated objects in the working phase.
  • The figure 2 is a top view of said motorized vehicle.
  • The Figure 2A shows, in the position of maximum offset, the digging device of the motorized machine represented on the figure 2 .
  • The Figures 3 and 4 are respectively enlarged plan views of said telescopic stem of the invention in the low position of work and transport high position.
  • The figure 5 shows in perspective from above the digging device in maximum offset position.
  • The figure 6 front perspective watch digging device with the crown correction crown.
  • The figure 7 is a longitudinal plan view of the motorized vehicle being mounted on the trailer of a transport vehicle.

Comme le montrent les figures 1 et 2, l'engin motorisé 1 comprend un châssis horizontal 2 porté par des organes de roulement tels que, dans cet exemple, deux chenilles gauche 3 et droite 4, un groupe moteur 5 au sens large du terme, monté sur le châssis et assurant l'avance de l'engin 1 et le fonctionnement des différentes servitudes (fluidiques, électriques, ...), et pour effectuer la réalisation de la tranchée T dans le sol S et la pose d'objet allongé dans celle-ci, un dispositif de creusage 6 et un dispositif de support 7 de l'objet allongé à poser, tel qu'un câble ou faisceau de câbles C.As shown by figures 1 and 2 , the motorized vehicle 1 comprises a horizontal frame 2 carried by rolling members such that, in this example, two left 3 and right 4 tracks, a motor group 5 in the broad sense of the term, mounted on the frame and ensuring the advance of the machine 1 and the operation of the different servitudes (fluidic, electric, ...), and to carry out the realization of the trench T in the ground S and the laying of elongated object therein, a device of digging 6 and a support device 7 of the elongate object to be laid, such as a cable or cable harness C.

On voit, sur ces figures 1 et 2, que le dispositif de creusage 6 est situé à l'arrière du châssis 2 par rapport au sens d'avance, flèche A, de l'engin, et qu'il est disposé dans cet exemple, dans le plan longitudinal vertical de symétrie P-P de l'engin motorisé (figure 2). Et le dispositif de support 7 est, quant à lui, prévu à l'avant du châssis et se présente sous la forme d'un touret rotatif 8 porté à ses extrémités par des bras latéraux 9, articulés au châssis 2. Nous reviendrons par la suite sur l'acheminement du câble C jusque dans la tranchée.We see, on these figures 1 and 2 , that the digging device 6 is located at the rear of the chassis 2 with respect to the forward direction, arrow A, of the vehicle, and that it is arranged in this example, in the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the motorized vehicle ( figure 2 ). And the support device 7 is, meanwhile, provided at the front of the frame and is in the form of a rotary drum 8 carried at its ends by side arms 9, articulated to the frame 2. We will return by the following on the routing of the cable C into the trench.

Le dispositif de creusage 6 se compose de plusieurs sous-ensembles, à savoir : une potence verticale 10 liée au châssis 2 et permettant notamment de régler la profondeur de la tranchée, une roue trancheuse 11 pour réaliser la tranchée et son bâti ou châssis de support 12 relié à ladite potence, un équipement de déport 14 de la roue trancheuse et un équipement de correction de dévers 15 de celle-ci, lesdits équipements 14, 15 étant disposés entre la potence verticale 10 et le bâti 12 de la roue trancheuse 11.The digging device 6 consists of several subassemblies, namely: a vertical stem 10 connected to the frame 2 and in particular for adjusting the depth of the trench, a trenching wheel 11 for making the trench and its frame or support frame 12 connected to said bracket, an offset equipment 14 of the trencher wheel and a tilt correction equipment 15 thereof, said equipment 14, 15 being arranged between the vertical bracket 10 and the frame 12 of the slicing wheel 11.

Selon l'invention, la potence verticale 10 du dispositif de creusage est télescopique et se compose, comme le montrent notamment les figures 3 et 4, d'un premier élément de base 16 en forme de colonne, d'un deuxième élément intermédiaire 17 monté verticalement déplaçable dans le premier élément et d'un troisième élément d'extrémité 18 en forme de chariot, monté verticalement déplaçable dans le deuxième élément intermédiaire et relié au bâti 12 de la roue trancheuse 11 par les équipements 14, 15.According to the invention, the vertical stem 10 of the digging device is telescopic and consists, as shown in particular by Figures 3 and 4 , a first column-shaped base element 16, a second intermediate element 17 mounted vertically displaceable in the first element and a third trolley-shaped end element 18 mounted vertically displaceable in the second element intermediate and connected to the frame 12 of the trencher wheel 11 by the equipment 14, 15.

Plus particulièrement, le premier élément en colonne 16 repose sur le châssis 2 par une liaison coulissante à déplacement horizontal, transversalement au châssis, c'est-à-dire perpendiculairement au plan vertical de symétrie P-P. Pour ce faire, la liaison est définie par une glissière à deux rails de guidage 19 parallèles et transversaux, qui sont fixés au châssis 2 et sur lesquels sont montés des coulisseaux correspondants 20 ménagés sous le premier élément 16. Un organe de commande 21, tel qu'un vérin hydraulique, assure le déplacement ou coulissement de la potence verticale télescopique 10 par rapport au châssis 2, son cylindre 21B étant dans cet exemple lié au châssis et sa tige 21A au premier élément.More particularly, the first column element 16 rests on the frame 2 by a sliding link with horizontal displacement, transversely to the frame, that is to say perpendicularly to the vertical plane of symmetry PP. To do this, the link is defined by a slideway with two parallel and transverse guide rails 19, which are fixed to 2 and on which are mounted corresponding sliders 20 formed under the first member 16. A control member 21, such as a hydraulic cylinder, ensures the displacement or sliding of the telescopic vertical stem 10 relative to the frame 2, its cylinder 21B being in this example linked to the frame and its rod 21A to the first element.

On voit sur les figures 3 et 4 que les deux rails horizontaux de la glissière 19 sont presque disposés dans le même plan horizontal, contrairement aux réalisations antérieures où les deux rails parallèles sont distants l'un de l'autre d'au moins un mètre, ce qui conduit à une potence massive, obstruant par ailleurs le champ de vision de l'opérateur qu'il soit en cabine ou à l'extérieur. Dans la réalisation de l'invention, la potence ainsi conçue accroît la visibilité de l'opérateur.We see on Figures 3 and 4 that the two horizontal rails of the slide 19 are almost arranged in the same horizontal plane, unlike previous embodiments where the two parallel rails are spaced apart from each other by at least one meter, which leads to a massive gallows , also obstructing the field of view of the operator whether in the cabin or outside. In the embodiment of the invention, the stem thus designed increases the visibility of the operator.

On remarque que l'accrochage du vérin hydraulique 21 entre le premier élément 16 de la potence 10 et la glissière transversale 19 du châssis 2 est avantageusement réversible de manière que, selon les besoins du moment tels que le positionnement de la roue sur la glissière et l'emplacement de la tranchée à réaliser à gauche ou à droite du plan longitudinal vertical de symétrie P-P de l'engin, la potence 10 puisse être amenée par coulissement de la droite vers la gauche du châssis ou inversement.Note that the attachment of the hydraulic cylinder 21 between the first member 16 of the bracket 10 and the transverse guide 19 of the frame 2 is advantageously reversible so that, depending on the needs of the moment such as the positioning of the wheel on the slide and the location of the trench to be made to the left or right of the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the machine, the bracket 10 can be brought by sliding from the right to the left of the chassis or vice versa.

Pour effectuer cette inversion de manière ergonomique et sûre, deux attaches intermédiaires 22A, 22B, en forme d'étriers sont prévues pour relier la tige 21A et le cylindre 21B du vérin soit respectivement avec la potence 10 et la glissière 19 du châssis ou inversement, sans avoir à démonter le vérin lui-même. Pour cela, la glissière transversale à rails parallèles 19 comprend, en son milieu et parallèlement à ces derniers, un rail central 19A, muni de trous alignés 19B destinés au montage des attaches 22A, 22B du vérin, et des oreilles latérales 16A identiques mais opposées sont prévues sur la potence 10 pour recevoir elles aussi les attaches. Plus particulièrement, comme on le voit mieux sur les figures 2 à 6, une attache 22A est solidaire, par un axe de fixation 21C, d'une oreille latérale 16A du premier élément 16 et reçoit, de plus, fixement l'extrémité de la tige 21A du vérin, et cette attache 22A repose par sa forme d'étrier en U inversé, sur le rail central 19A de manière à pouvoir coulisser librement sur celui-ci. En revanche, l'attache 22B portant l'extrémité correspondante du cylindre 21B, situé sous le premier élément de la potence, est fixée au rail central 19A de la glissière par un axe de fixation, non visible, passant dans le trou concerné du rail central.To perform this inversion ergonomically and safely, two intermediate fasteners 22A, 22B, in the form of stirrups are provided for connecting the rod 21A and the cylinder 21B of the cylinder is respectively with the bracket 10 and the slideway 19 of the chassis or vice versa, without having to disassemble the cylinder itself. For this, the parallel rail transverse slide 19 comprises, in its middle and parallel to the latter, a central rail 19A, provided with aligned holes 19B for mounting the fasteners 22A, 22B of the jack, and side lugs 16A identical but opposite are provided on the gallows 10 to also receive the fasteners. More especially, as we see best on Figures 2 to 6 a fastener 22A is secured, by an attachment pin 21C, to a side lug 16A of the first member 16 and additionally receives the end of the rod 21A of the jack, and this fastener 22A rests by its inverted U-bracket on the central rail 19A so as to slide freely thereon. In contrast, the fastener 22B carrying the corresponding end of the cylinder 21B, located under the first element of the bracket, is fixed to the central rail 19A of the slideway by a fixing pin, not visible, passing through the relevant hole of the rail central.

La potence 10 peut donc coulisser sur la glissière 19 selon la course du vérin 21. Aussi, pour assurer son déplacement vers la chenille opposée ou revenir vers la position initiale des figures 5, 6, il convient simplement d'inverser le montage des axes de fixation des attaches sans toucher au vérin pour avancer transversalement pas à pas (selon la course du vérin). On démonte des deux attaches, d'une part, l'axe de fixation « cylindre-rail » pour le mettre au niveau du cylindre 21B et de l'oreille concernée 16A de la potence et, d'autre part, l'axe de fixation 21C « tige-oreille » pour le mettre au niveau de la tige 21A et du rail central 19A , et ainsi de suite. Cependant, on doit noter que la roue 11 travaille le plus souvent avec un déport à droite (comme sur la figure 2A) correspondant au sens de circulation de l'engin.The stem 10 can slide on the slide 19 according to the stroke of the cylinder 21. Also, to ensure its movement to the opposite track or return to the initial position of Figures 5, 6 , it is simply necessary to reverse the assembly of fastening pins fasteners without touching the cylinder to advance transversely step by step (depending on the stroke of the cylinder). The two fasteners are dismounted, on the one hand, the fixing axis "cylinder-rail" to put it at the level of the cylinder 21B and the concerned ear 16A of the gallows and, on the other hand, the axis of fixing 21C "rod-ear" to put it at the level of the rod 21A and the central rail 19A, and so on. However, it should be noted that the wheel 11 works most often with a right offset (as on the Figure 2A ) corresponding to the direction of movement of the machine.

Le montage du deuxième élément intermédiaire 17 dans le premier est du même type que précédemment et est réalisé par une liaison à glissière à rails parallèles et verticaux 23 prévus dans le premier élément 16 et entre lesquels sont montés des coulisseaux correspondants verticaux 24 ménagés dans le deuxième élément. Et un organe de commande 25, tel qu'un vérin hydraulique, assure le déplacement vertical (montée-descente) du deuxième élément 17 par rapport au premier 16.The mounting of the second intermediate element 17 in the first is of the same type as above and is achieved by a parallel and vertical rail slide connection 23 provided in the first element 16 and between which are mounted corresponding vertical sliders 24 formed in the second element. And a control member 25, such as a hydraulic cylinder, provides the vertical movement (up-down) of the second member 17 relative to the first 16.

Il en va de même pour le montage du troisième élément ou chariot 18 de la potence télescopique 10, qui peut se déplacer verticalement dans le deuxième élément 17 par une liaison à glissières à rails parallèles et verticaux 26 prévus dans ce dernier et recevant des coulisseaux correspondants 27 ménagés dans le chariot 18. Là aussi, un organe de commande 28, tel qu'un vérin hydraulique, assure le coulissement vertical (montée-descente) du chariot 18 par rapport à l'élément intermédiaire 17.It is the same for the mounting of the third element or carriage 18 of the telescopic stem 10, which can move vertically in the second element 17 by a parallel and vertical rail slide 26 provided in the latter and receiving corresponding slides 27 Again, a control member 28, such as a hydraulic cylinder, provides vertical sliding (up-down) of the carriage 18 relative to the intermediate element 17.

Par cette conception télescopique, la potence a une hauteur réduite en position basse, inférieure à la partie la plus haute de l'engin (toit de la cabine si l'engin est piloté ou capotage du groupe moteur si l'engin est radiocommandé) avec les avantages énoncés préalablement, et a une course verticale au moins aussi grande que la conception antérieure.By this telescopic design, the stem has a reduced height in the lower position, lower than the highest part of the machine (roof of the cabin if the machine is controlled or cowling of the power unit if the machine is radio-controlled) with previously stated advantages, and has a vertical stroke at least as great as the previous design.

Comme on le sait, la roue trancheuse 1 est munie, à la périphérie de son voile vertical 30, d'organes de coupe ou de creusage 31 (pics ou dents) répartis le long de celle-ci et inclinés de façon appropriée pour procéder à la réalisation de la fouille, c'est-à-dire au creusage de la tranchée T. Ces organes 31 peuvent être montés de manière fixe ou amovible sur la périphérie (jante) du voile 30.As is known, the slicing wheel 1 is provided, at the periphery of its vertical veil 30, cutting or digging members 31 (peaks or teeth) distributed along the latter and inclined appropriately to proceed to the realization of the excavation, that is to say the digging of the trench T. These members 31 can be mounted fixedly or removably on the periphery (rim) of the web 30.

Dimensionnellement, une telle roue trancheuse 11 peut avoir un diamètre allant jusqu'à plus de 2,5 mètres selon la profondeur demandée et le type d'objets allongés à enfouir, et une largeur de quelques centimètres à plusieurs dizaines de centimètres. Et, fonctionnellement, elle est entraînée en rotation, autour de son axe géométrique horizontal 32 par des moto-réducteurs 34 qui sont montés, de façon usuelle, sur des flancs latéraux et parallèles 35 du bâti 12 de la roue trancheuse 11 et qui coopèrent, par des couples d'engrenages pignons-couronnes non représentés, avec cette dernière pour l'entraîner en rotation.Dimensionally, such a slicing wheel 11 may have a diameter of up to more than 2.5 meters depending on the depth required and the type of elongated objects to be buried, and a width of a few centimeters to several tens of centimeters. And, functionally, it is driven in rotation, around its horizontal geometric axis 32 by geared motors 34 which are mounted, in the usual way, on side and parallel sides 35 of the frame 12 of the slicing wheel 11 and which cooperate, by pairs of gear gears-not shown crowns, with the latter to drive it in rotation.

On voit, sur la figure 1, que les moto-réducteurs 34 sont situés en partie haute de la roue, de sorte que plus de la moitié de celle-ci peut être enfouie dans le sol afin de réaliser des tranchées profondes si nécessaire.We see, on the figure 1 that geared motors 34 are located in the upper part of the wheel, so that more than half of it can be buried in the ground to make deep trenches if necessary.

Plus particulièrement, le bâti 12 de la roue trancheuse est constitué usuellement de deux parties structurelles 36 et 37 liées l'une à l'autre autour d'un axe d'articulation horizontal 38 parallèle à l'axe de rotation 32 de la roue, et situé entre l'arrière du châssis 2 et la périphérie avant de la roue trancheuse 11. Une partie inférieure 36, sensiblement en position horizontale sur la figure 1, comprends les deux flancs latéraux verticaux 35 portant les moto-réducteurs 34 et se termine, à son extrémité libre opposée à l'axe d'articulation 38, par un talon 39. Ce dernier suit la périphérie arrière de la roue trancheuse 11 par rapport au sens d'avance A de l'engin 1 et s'engage dans la tranchée T pour s'appliquer, par son bord inférieur sensiblement horizontal 40, contre le fond FD de la fouille. Et une partie supérieure 37, sensiblement verticale, est reliée au chariot coulissant de la potence 10 par les équipements de déport 14 et de correction de dévers 15 de la roue trancheuse, comme on le verra ci-après.More particularly, the frame 12 of the trencher wheel usually consists of two structural parts 36 and 37 connected to one another about a horizontal articulation axis 38 parallel to the axis of rotation 32 of the wheel, and located between the rear of the frame 2 and the front periphery of the slicing wheel 11. A lower portion 36, substantially in a horizontal position on the figure 1 , comprise the two vertical lateral flanks 35 carrying the geared motors 34 and ends, at its free end opposite the hinge axis 38, by a heel 39. The latter follows the rear periphery of the slicing wheel 11 relative to in the direction of advance A of the machine 1 and engages in the trench T to apply, by its substantially horizontal lower edge 40, against the bottom FD of the excavation. And an upper portion 37, substantially vertical, is connected to the sliding carriage of the bracket 10 by the offset equipment 14 and cant correction 15 of the trencher wheel, as will be seen below.

Des organes de commande 41, tels que deux vérins hydrauliques parallèles et identiques, relient autour d'axes d'articulation, les extrémités libres des deux parties 36, 37 du bâti 12, de manière à faire passer la roue trancheuse 11, d'une position abaissée de creusage à une position relevée inclinée notamment de transport, et inversement.Control members 41, such as two parallel and identical hydraulic cylinders, connect around hinge pins, the free ends of the two parts 36, 37 of the frame 12, so as to pass the slicing wheel 11, a lowered digging position to an inclined raised position including transport, and vice versa.

L'équipement de déport 14, montré sur les figures 2 à 6, autorise le déplacement transversal de la roue trancheuse 11 parallèlement au plan longitudinal de symétrie P-P de l'engin 1, en plus du déplacement procuré par la potence télescopique 10 sur le châssis 2, et le rapprochement ou l'éloignement de la roue 11 dans son plan, par rapport à l'arrière du châssis, comme on le verra plus en détail par la suite.The offset equipment 14, shown on the Figures 2 to 6 , authorizes the transverse displacement of the trencher wheel 11 parallel to the longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the machine 1, in addition to the displacement provided by the telescopic bracket 10 on the frame 2, and the bringing together or removal of the wheel 11 in its plan, relative to the rear of the chassis, as will be seen in more detail later.

Tout d'abord, structurellement, l'équipement de déport 14 est défini par un bras caissonné rigide 43 ayant une forme en plan approximativement en quadrilatère (parallélogramme) avec deux côtés avant 44 et arrière 45 verticaux et parallèles liés respectivement au chariot coulissant 18, par l'intermédiaire de l'équipement de correction de dévers 15, et au bâti 12 de la roue trancheuse. Pour cela, deux axes d'articulation verticaux 46, 47 relient, d'une part, le côté avant 44 du bras caissonné 43 à l'équipement de correction de dévers 15 décrit ci-après et, d'autre part, le côté arrière 45 du bras à la partie supérieure verticale 37 du bâti 12 de la roue trancheuse. Pour effectuer les mouvements angulaires de déport du bras 43 par rapport à la potence télescopique 10 et de la roue trancheuse 11 par rapport au bras 43, des organes de commande 48, 49 sous la forme, là aussi, de vérins hydrauliques sont prévus. Pour cela, comme on le voit sur les figures 2, 2A, 3, 4 et 5, deux vérins hydrauliques 48 sont disposés horizontalement (parallèlement au plan du châssis) respectivement de part et d'autre du bras caissonné 43 et relient ce dernier à l'équipement de correction de dévers 15 pour assurer des mouvements angulaires gauche et droit du bras caissonné 43 autour de l'axe 46. Et, de manière analogue, deux vérins hydrauliques 49 sont disposés horizontalement respectivement de part et d'autre du bras caissonné et relient ce dernier à la partie supérieure 37 du bâti 12 de la roue trancheuse, pour assurer les mouvements angulaires de celle-ci autour de l'axe 47, de façon opposée à ceux du bras par rapport à la potence, pour maintenir la roue trancheuse 11 dans un plan parallèle au plan longitudinal de symétrie P-P de l'engin, c'est-à-dire parallèle au sens d'avance A de l'engin 1.First of all, structurally, the offset equipment 14 is defined by a rigid box arm 43 having an approximately quadrilateral planar shape (parallelogram) with two vertical and parallel front 44 and rear 45 sides respectively connected to the sliding carriage 18, through the tilt correction equipment 15, and the frame 12 of the slicing wheel. For this, two vertical hinge pins 46, 47 connect, on the one hand, the front side 44 of the box arm 43 to the tilt correction equipment 15 described below and, on the other hand, the rear side 45 of the arm at the upper vertical portion 37 of the frame 12 of the trencher wheel. To perform the angular movements of offset arm 43 relative to the telescopic stem 10 and the trencher wheel 11 relative to the arm 43, control members 48, 49 in the form, again, of hydraulic cylinders are provided. For this, as we see on the Figures 2, 2A , 3, 4 and 5 two hydraulic cylinders 48 are arranged horizontally (parallel to the plane of the frame) respectively on either side of the box arm 43 and connect it to the tilt correction equipment 15 to ensure angular movements left and right of the box arm 43, and similarly, two hydraulic cylinders 49 are arranged horizontally respectively on either side of the boxed arm and connect the latter to the upper part 37 of the frame 12 of the trencher wheel, to ensure the angular movements thereof around the axis 47, opposite to those of the arm relative to the bracket, to maintain the slicing wheel 11 in a plane parallel to the longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the machine, c ' that is to say parallel to the direction of advance A of the machine 1.

En ce qui concerne l'équipement de correction de dévers 15, que l'on voit plus clairement sur la figure 6, il est principalement composé d'une couronne 50 rotative autour d'un axe horizontal 51 parallèle au châssis 2. La couronne comprend une partie fixe 52 solidaire du chariot coulissant 18 de la potence télescopique 10 et une partie mobile 53 montée rotative sur la partie fixe 52 grâce à des organes de commande 54 autour de l'axe horizontal 51 et solidaire du bras caissonné 43. Comme précédemment, ces organes de commande 54 sont des vérins hydrauliques disposés approximativement verticalement et symétriquement l'un de l'autre de chaque côté dudit axe, et reliant la partie fixe 52 à la partie mobile 53 de la couronne 50. En cas d'un sol en dévers entraînant l'une des chenilles 3, 4 à un niveau différent de l'autre, l'opérateur agit sur les vérins 54 qui fonctionnent simultanément et en opposition l'un de l'autre pour ramener la roue 11 dans un plan vertical par l'intermédiaire de la couronne rotative 50 à laquelle est associé l'équipement de déport 14.With respect to the tilt correction equipment 15, which is more clearly seen on the figure 6 it is mainly composed of a rotating ring 50 about a horizontal axis 51 parallel to the frame 2. The ring comprises a fixed portion 52 secured to the carriage sliding member 18 of the telescopic stem 10 and a movable part 53 rotatably mounted on the fixed part 52 by means of control members 54 around the horizontal axis 51 and integral with the box arm 43. As previously, these control members 54 are hydraulic cylinders disposed approximately vertically and symmetrically to each other on each side of said axis, and connecting the fixed part 52 to the movable part 53 of the ring gear 50. In the case of a slope soil leading to one of the tracks 3, 4 at a different level from the other, the operator acts on the cylinders 54 which operate simultaneously and in opposition to one another to bring the wheel 11 in a vertical plane via the rotary ring 50 to which is associated the offset equipment 14.

En ce qui concerne le cheminement du câble C au-dessus de l'engin motorisé 1, des supports de guidage verticaux 58 désignés peignes, sont prévus à l'avant du châssis, en sortie du touret 8, puis à l'arrière du châssis 2 sur la potence télescopique 10 (dont on remarque que, en position basse, sa hauteur ne dépasse pas celle de la partie la plus haute de l'engin facilitant la pose du câble sur le peigne correspondant), et sur l'extrémité libre de la partie inférieure 36 du bâti 12 de roue. Et, pour amener progressivement le câble C dans la tranchée T, un coffrage 60 constitué de deux plaques parallèles 61 assemblées et correspondant sensiblement à la hauteur et à la largeur de la tranchée, est introduit dans celle-ci, en étant articulé autour d'un axe vertical 62 à l'arrière du talon 39 du bâti 12. Le câble C passe ainsi entre les deux plaques 61, sur et sous des galets rotatifs transversaux 63 pour le maintenir et lui faire prendre une courbure adéquate, afin qu'il sorte du coffrage de manière sensiblement horizontale, parallèle au fond FD de la fouille réalisée. De préférence, le câble C se pose sur un lit de sable de protection LS déversé, par un équipement non représenté, au niveau du coffrage 60, avant l'arrivée du câble C sur le fond.As regards the routing of the cable C above the motorized vehicle 1, vertical guide supports 58 designated combs, are provided at the front of the chassis, at the exit of the drum 8, then at the rear of the chassis 2 on the telescopic stem 10 (which is noted that in the low position, its height does not exceed that of the highest part of the machine facilitating the laying of the cable on the corresponding comb), and on the free end of the lower portion 36 of the wheel frame 12. And, to gradually bring the cable C into the trench T, a formwork 60 consisting of two parallel plates 61 assembled and substantially corresponding to the height and width of the trench, is introduced into it, being articulated around a vertical axis 62 at the rear of the heel 39 of the frame 12. The cable C thus passes between the two plates 61, on and under transverse rotary rollers 63 to maintain it and make it take an adequate curvature, so that it formwork substantially horizontally parallel to the bottom FD of the excavation carried out. Preferably, the cable C is placed on a bed of LS protection sand dumped, by equipment not shown, at the formwork 60, before the arrival of the cable C on the bottom.

On remarque, par ailleurs, sur les figures 3 et 6 notamment, que deux plaques verticales 63 sont disposées symétriquement au plan P-P sur le chariot coulissant 18 de la potence 10. Ces plaques 63 sont pourvues d'une pluralité de raccords destinés aux tuyaux ou flexibles hydrauliques ou autres non représentés par souci de clarté sur les figures, qui sont issus du groupe de puissance sur l'engin 1 et vont jusqu'aux servitudes du dispositif de creusage 6 (vérins, moto-réducteurs, etc..).Note, moreover, on figures 3 and 6 in particular, that two vertical plates 63 are arranged symmetrically to the plane PP on the sliding carriage 18 of the bracket 10. These plates 63 are provided with a plurality of connectors intended for hydraulic pipes or hoses or other not shown for the sake of clarity on the Figures, which are from the power group on the machine 1 and go to the servitudes of the digging device 6 (cylinders, geared motors, etc. ..).

Le fonctionnement de l'engin motorisé 1 et de ses dispositifs de creusage 6 et de support 7 se déroule de la manière suivante.The operation of the motorized vehicle 1 and its digging devices 6 and support 7 takes place in the following manner.

On remarque que l'engin motorisé 1, représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, est en position de travail, la roue trancheuse 11 de son dispositif de creusage 6 étant en cours de réalisation d'une tranchée T dans laquelle un câble C, issu du dispositif de support 7, est posé.It is noted that the motorized vehicle 1, represented on the figures 1 and 2 is in the working position, the slicing wheel 11 of its digging device 6 being in the process of producing a trench T in which a cable C, coming from the support device 7, is placed.

Par les flèches A, R et AC sont indiqués respectivement le sens d'avance de l'engin, le sens de rotation de la roue trancheuse et celui du câble à poser. On remarque sur la figure 2, que le dispositif de creusage 6 se trouve dans le plan longitudinal vertical de symétrie P-P de l'engin 1, ce qui est bien sûr une position arbitraire. En effet, la roue trancheuse 11 se trouve généralement dans un quelconque autre plan parallèle à P-P pouvant être situé, selon le déplacement transversal de la potence télescopique 10 sur la glissière 19 du châssis 2 et selon l'actionnement de l'équipement de déport 14 par l'opérateur, entre les deux positions de déport maximales gauche et droite, dont une (la droite) est représentée sur la figure 2A. Ces différentes positions données à la roue trancheuse 11 sont fonction de la nature et du relief du terrain rencontré, de la place disponible, d'obstacles à éviter, etc ...By the arrows A, R and AC are indicated respectively the direction of advance of the machine, the direction of rotation of the slicing wheel and that of the cable to be laid. We notice on the figure 2 , that the digging device 6 is in the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry PP of the machine 1, which is of course an arbitrary position. Indeed, the trencher wheel 11 is generally in any other plane parallel to PP that can be located, according to the transverse displacement of the telescopic bracket 10 on the slide 19 of the frame 2 and according to the actuation of the offset equipment 14 by the operator, between the two left and right maximum offset positions, one of which (the right) is represented on the Figure 2A . These different positions given to the trencher wheel 11 are a function of the nature and relief of the terrain encountered, the space available, obstacles to avoid, etc.

Le fonctionnement de l'engin 1 et du dispositif de creusage 6 est fourni par le groupe moteur général 5 et les différentes commandes à son bon fonctionnement peuvent être effectuées en cabine par l'opérateur ou par pilotage à distance par radiocommande.The operation of the machine 1 and the digging device 6 is provided by the general power unit 5 and the various controls to its smooth operation can be carried out in the cabin by the operator or remote control by remote control.

Par suite de l'avance de l'engin motorisé 1 et de la rotation de la roue trancheuse 11 en position de travail, les organes de creusage 31 effectuent la tranchée T. On voit sur les figures 1 et 3, que la potence télescopique 10 a une position basse, avec une hauteur minimale, le chariot coulissant 18 se trouvant le plus près du sol S, ce qui conduit la roue trancheuse 11 à réaliser une tranchée T ayant une profondeur maximale, supérieure à la moitié de son rayon. Comme la potence télescopique, avec ses équipements 6 et 7 et sa roue 11, est en position basse, avec ainsi un centre de gravité le plus bas possible, les efforts de traction engendrés par le train de chenilles 3, 4 pour tirer l'ensemble sont moindres, comparativement à une potence monobloc usuelle plus haute. De la sorte, les sollicitations mécaniques sur les différents composants tirés sont elles aussi moindres évitant l'endommagement de ceux-ci.As a result of the advance of the motorized machine 1 and the rotation of the trencher wheel 11 in the working position, the digging members 31 perform the trench T. It is seen on the figures 1 and 3 , that the telescopic stem 10 has a low position, with a minimum height, the sliding carriage 18 being closest to the ground S, which causes the slicing wheel 11 to make a trench T having a maximum depth, greater than half of its radius. As the telescopic stem, with its equipment 6 and 7 and its wheel 11, is in the low position, with a center of gravity as low as possible, the traction forces generated by the train of tracks 3, 4 to pull the assembly are less, compared to a higher standard monobloc stem. In this way, the mechanical stresses on the various components drawn are also smaller avoiding damage to them.

Durant la réalisation de la tranchée T, le bâti articulé 12 de la roue trancheuse 11 est bien entendu en position abaissée par l'extension des deux vérins correspondants 41, et le bord inférieur 40 du talon 39 du bâti est ainsi appliqué sur le fond FD de la fouille permettant de lisser ce dernier.During the realization of the trench T, the articulated frame 12 of the trencher wheel 11 is of course in the lowered position by the extension of the two corresponding cylinders 41, and the lower edge 40 of the heel 39 of the frame is thus applied to the bottom FD excavation to smooth the latter.

Si, au cours du creusage, une canalisation transversale est repérée, l'élément intermédiaire 17 et le chariot 18 de la potence sont relevés d'une hauteur appropriée par leurs vérins respectifs 25, 28. On obtient par ailleurs une gestion de la course verticale de la potence plus facile et plus précise avec deux vérins qu'avec un seul vérin (conception antérieure).If, during digging, a transverse pipe is identified, the intermediate element 17 and the truck 18 of the bracket are raised to an appropriate height by their respective cylinders 25, 28. There is also obtained a management of the vertical stroke the stem easier and more accurate with two jacks with a single cylinder (previous design).

On remarque également, sur les figures 1 et 4 notamment, que de chaque côté de la partie inférieure 36 du bâti 12 de la roue trancheuse est prévu un écarteur 68 en forme de plaque inclinée. Cet écarteur est porté par un organe de commande 69, tel qu'un vérin hydraulique, associé à ladite partie inférieure 36 et disposé sensiblement verticalement pour appliquer l'écarteur sur le sol. Ainsi, les deux écarteurs 68 ont pour but d'évacuer vers l'extérieur les déblais D sortis par les pics 31 de la roue trancheuse 11 lors de l'exécution du front de taille FT de la tranchée T (les déblais D sortis sur le sol des deux côtés de la roue n'ont pas été représentés sur la figure 2).We also note, on figures 1 and 4 in particular, that on each side of the lower portion 36 of the frame 12 of the slicing wheel is provided a spacer 68 in the form of an inclined plate. This spacer is carried by a control member 69, such as a hydraulic cylinder, associated with said lower portion 36 and disposed substantially vertically to apply the spacer to the ground. Thus, the two spacers 68 are intended to evacuate to the outside the cuttings D exited by the peaks 31 of the trencher wheel 11 during the execution of the face of size FT trench T (cuttings D out on the ground on both sides of the wheel were not represented on the figure 2 ).

En ce qui concerne le câble C acheminé depuis le touret 8 et passant sur les peignes 58 au-dessus de l'engin 1, il se dépose librement par son propre poids, en traversant le coffrage 60, sur le lit de sable LS déversé dans le fond FD de la tranchée. L'avance A de l'engin 1 provoque le déroulement du câble C dudit touret 8.Regarding the cable C conveyed from the drum 8 and passing on the combs 58 above the machine 1, it is deposited freely by its own weight, through the formwork 60, on the LS sand bed dumped in the bottom FD of the trench. The advance A of the machine 1 causes the unwinding of the cable C of the drum 8.

Par ailleurs, outre le fait de pouvoir déplacer transversalement la roue trancheuse 11 par rapport à l'engin motorisé 1, tout en maintenant celle-ci dans un plan vertical parallèle au plan P-P, l'équipement de déport 14 permet de rapprocher ou d'éloigner la roue dans son plan par rapport à l'arrière du châssis 2. Pour ce faire, à l'aide des vérins 48 et 49 travaillant en opposition et aux axes d'articulation 46 et 47, on forme plus ou moins un angle (initialement plat) entre l'équipement de correction de dévers 15 (lié au chariot 18 de la potence télescopique) et le bras caissonné 43 et, simultanément, un angle identique mais opposé entre le bras caissonné 43 et le bâti 12 de la roue pour maintenir la roue parallèle au plan P-P (voir figures 2A et 5 notamment). De cette manière, plus l'angle est important, plus la roue trancheuse 11 se rapproche de l'arrière du châssis 2 (voir la position 1 1' de la roue sur la figure 1), ce qui est intéressant lorsque la tranchée T à réaliser a une faible profondeur puisqu'une faible quantité de déblais sort de la fouille, et pour une autre raison décrite ultérieurement. En revanche, lorsque la profondeur de tranchée T est importante, comme sur les figures 1 et 2, les angles ci-dessus de l'équipement de déport sont plats, entraînant un éloignement maximal de la roue trancheuse 11 par rapport au châssis 2, pour permettre l'évacuation des déblais D et éviter l'encrassement du train de chenilles 3, 4 et du châssis 2 en général.Furthermore, in addition to being able to move transversely the slicing wheel 11 relative to the motorized vehicle 1, while maintaining it in a vertical plane parallel to the plane PP, the offset equipment 14 can bring closer or move the wheel in its plane relative to the rear of the frame 2. To do this, using the cylinders 48 and 49 working in opposition and the hinge pins 46 and 47, is formed more or less an angle ( initially flat) between the tilt correction equipment 15 (linked to the carriage 18 of the telescopic bracket) and the box arm 43 and, simultaneously, an identical but opposite angle between the box arm 43 and the frame 12 of the wheel to maintain the wheel parallel to the plane PP (see Figures 2A and 5 especially). In this way, the greater the angle, the more the slicing wheel 11 approaches the rear of the frame 2 (see the position 1 1 'of the wheel on the figure 1 ), which is interesting when the trench T to be made has a shallow depth since a small amount of cuttings out of the search, and for another reason described later. On the other hand, when the trench depth T is important, as on the figures 1 and 2 , the above angles of the offset equipment are flat, resulting in a maximum distance of the slicing wheel 11 by relative to the chassis 2, to allow the evacuation of cuttings D and avoid clogging of the track train 3, 4 and the chassis 2 in general.

En outre, lorsque la roue 11 travaille avec un déport important (figure 2A), le groupe moteur 5 peut être monté sur un équipement rotatif tel qu'une couronne rotative (non illustrée) autour d'un axe vertical ou d'un équipement à glissière transversale horizontale, de manière à se trouver (par rotation ou par translation) dans une position opposée au dispositif de creusage par rapport au châssis et, ainsi, équilibrer et stabiliser l'engin durant sa progression.In addition, when the wheel 11 is working with a large offset ( Figure 2A ), the motor unit 5 can be mounted on rotating equipment such as a rotary ring (not shown) around a vertical axis or horizontal cross slide equipment, so as to be (rotational or translational) ) in a position opposite to the digging device relative to the chassis and, thus, balance and stabilize the machine during its progression.

Durant la réalisation de la tranchée T, plusieurs tourets de câbles peuvent être nécessaires. Leur changement s'effectuant de façon usuelle ne sera pas décrit davantage, et le nouveau câble sera amené dans les différents peignes de l'engin avec la potence télescopique en position basse, pour faciliter son montage jusque dans le coffrage de la tranchée où il sera raccordé au câble posé.During the realization of the trench T, several reels of cables may be necessary. Their usual change will not be described further, and the new cable will be brought into the various combs of the machine with the telescopic stem in the low position, to facilitate its mounting into the formwork of the trench where it will be. connected to the laid cable.

Lorsque la tranchée T est réalisée avec le ou les câbles en série déposés dans celle-ci, l'engin motorisé 1 s'arrête et la potence télescopique 10 est actionnée de sorte à faire coulisser le second élément intermédiaire 17 et le chariot 18 vers le haut par leurs vérins respectifs 25, 28, jusqu'à ce que la roue trancheuse 11 soit sortie de la tranchée T. La rotation R de celle-ci est stoppée. On peut ensuite agir sur le bâti articulé, voire avant le mouvement de la potence ou simultanément à celui-ci, pour faire passer la roue trancheuse 11 de la position abaissée à la position relevée inclinée du bâti 12 par la rentrée des vérins correspondants 41.When the trench T is made with the serial cable or cables deposited therein, the motorized vehicle 1 stops and the telescopic stem 10 is actuated so as to slide the second intermediate element 17 and the carriage 18 towards the high by their respective cylinders 25, 28, until the slicing wheel 11 is out of the trench T. The rotation R thereof is stopped. It is then possible to act on the articulated frame, even before or simultaneously with the movement of the bracket, in order to move the slicing wheel 11 from the lowered position to the inclined raised position of the frame 12 by retracting the corresponding cylinders 41.

Quand il s'agit de transporter l'engin motorisé 1, on fait appel à un véhicule porteur 70 tel que celui représenté de façon partielle et schématique sur la figure 7 et constitué d'un camion tracteur (non visible) et de sa remorque plate 72. Des rampes inclinées 73, articulées à l'arrière de la remorque 72, permettent la montée (et la descente) de l'engin motorisé 1 sur la remorque. Et on comprend que, pour éviter que la roue trancheuse 11 ne touche le sol S au moment de la montée de l'engin sur les rampes (notamment au moment où ce dernier vient sur les rampes 73 en totalité), la roue 11 doit être en position relevée sur son bâti articulé 12 et la potence 10 doit être en position haute donnée par le coulissement de l'élément intermédiaire 17 et du chariot 18. La roue trancheuse 11 est disposée, préalablement au montage de l'engin 1 sur la remorque 72, de façon à être dans le plan longitudinal vertical de symétrie P-P, en jouant sur le déplacement transversal de la potence 10 sur les glissières du châssis 2 et sur l'équipement de déport 14 pour rapprocher au mieux la roue du châssis. Bien évidemment, le coffrage 60 a été préalablement désolidarisé du talon 39, et les supports de guidage 58 sont repliés. Lorsque l'engin 1 se trouve sur la plate-forme de la remorque 72, la potence télescopique 10 est abaissée vers sa position basse, jusqu'à ce que la roue trancheuse 11 vienne au contact ou proche de la plate-forme 72 du véhicule porteur.When it comes to transporting the motorized vehicle 1, it uses a carrier vehicle 70 such as that shown partially and schematically on the figure 7 and consists of a tractor truck (not visible) and its flat trailer 72. Inclined ramps 73, hinged to the rear of the trailer 72, allow the rise (and descent) of the motorized vehicle 1 on the trailer. And it is understood that, in order to prevent the slicing wheel 11 from touching the ground S when the machine is climbing on the ramps (especially when the latter is coming onto the ramps 73 in totality), the wheel 11 must be in the raised position on its hinged frame 12 and the bracket 10 must be in the upper position given by the sliding of the intermediate element 17 and the carriage 18. The slicing wheel 11 is disposed prior to mounting the machine 1 on the trailer 72, so as to be in the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry PP, by acting on the transverse displacement of the bracket 10 on the slideways of the frame 2 and on the offset equipment 14 to bring the wheel of the frame as close as possible. Of course, the formwork 60 has been previously detached from the heel 39, and the guide supports 58 are folded. When the machine 1 is on the platform of the trailer 72, the telescopic stem 10 is lowered to its lower position, until the slicing wheel 11 comes into contact with or near the platform 72 of the vehicle carrier.

Claims (10)

Engin motorisé pour le creusage de tranchées dans le sol et la pose d'objets allongés, tels que des câbles ou analogues, dans ladite tranchée réalisée, du type comportant, sur son châssis horizontal (2) porté par des organes de roulement (3,4) : - un dispositif de creusage (6) de la tranchée par roue trancheuse (11), comportant une potence de support verticale (10) de ladite roue, qui est montée perpendiculairement sur ledit châssis de manière transversalement déplaçable à celui-ci et le long de laquelle peut se déplacer dans un plan vertical ladite roue trancheuse (11) ; et - un dispositif de support (7) dudit objet allongé par touret rotatif (8), associé audit châssis et acheminant ledit objet allongé jusque dans ladite tranchée réalisée en passant au-dessus dudit dispositif de creusage, caractérisé en ce que ladite potence de support verticale (10) est du type télescopique et se compose d'au moins trois éléments assemblés de manière télescopiquement déplaçable les uns dans les autres entre des positions haute et basse, à savoir : - un premier élément de base (16) reposant sur ledit châssis (2) de manière transversalement déplaçable à celui-ci ; - un deuxième élément intermédiaire (17) monté verticalement déplaçable dans ledit premier élément ; et - un troisième élément formant chariot (18), monté verticalement déplaçable dans ledit deuxième élément et relié à ladite roue trancheuse, au-dessus dudit chariot passant lesdits objets allongés, et lesdits déplacements de ladite potence étant obtenus par des organes de commande (21, 25, 28). Motorized machine for digging trenches in the ground and laying elongated objects, such as cables or the like, in said trench made, of the type comprising, on its horizontal frame (2) carried by rolling members (3, 4): - a digging device (6) of the slicing wheel trench (11), comprising a vertical support bracket (10) of said wheel, which is mounted perpendicularly to said frame transversely displaceable thereto and along which can move in a vertical plane said slicing wheel (11); and - a support device (7) of said elongate object by rotary drum (8), associated with said frame and conveying said elongated object into said trench made by passing above said digging device, characterized in that said vertical support bracket (10) is of the telescopic type and is composed of at least three members telescopically movably connected to one another between high and low positions, namely: - a first base member (16) resting on said frame (2) transversely displaceable thereto; a second intermediate element (17) mounted vertically displaceable in said first element; and a third carriage element (18) mounted vertically displaceable in said second element and connected to said slicing wheel, above said carriage passing said elongated objects, and said displacements of said stem being obtained by control members (21, 25, 28). Engin selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que ledit châssis horizontal (2) comporte une glissière transversale (19) sur laquelle est montée coulissante ladite potence télescopique (10) sous l'action dudit organe de commande correspondant, et lesdits premier et deuxième éléments (16, 17) de ladite potence comprennent des glissières verticales entre lesquelles sont montés respectivement coulissants lesdits deuxième et troisième éléments (17, 18) de ladite potence, sous l'action desdits organes de commande correspondants.Machine according to claim 1,
characterized in that said horizontal frame (2) comprises a transverse slide (19) on which is slidably mounted said telescopic stem (10) under the action of said corresponding control member, and said first and second members (16, 17) of said bracket include vertical rails between which are respectively slidably mounted said second and third members (17, 18) of said stem under the action of said corresponding control members. Engin selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
caractérisé en ce que ledit organe de commande à déplacement transversal (21) sur ladite potence télescopique (10) et sur ledit châssis (2) est monté sur des attaches intermédiaires réversibles (22A, 22B).Machine according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized in that said transversely displacing control member (21) on said telescopic stem (10) and on said frame (2) is mounted on reversible intermediate fasteners (22A, 22B). Engin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de creusage (6) comporte, de plus, un équipement de déport commandable (14) de ladite roue trancheuse (11), prévu entre cette dernière et ladite potence télescopique et assurant le déplacement transversal de ladite roue jusqu'à des positions latérales au-delà de la largeur dudit châssis et son rapprochement ou éloignement dudit châssis.Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that said digging device (6) further comprises a controllable offset equipment (14) of said trencher wheel (11) provided between the latter and said telescopic bracket and providing transverse displacement of said wheel to at lateral positions beyond the width of said frame and its approximation or removal from said frame. Engin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de creusage (6) comporte, de plus, un équipement de correction de dévers (15) dudit châssis (2) prévu entre ladite potence télescopique et ladite roue trancheuse et permettant de maintenir celle-ci dans un plan de travail vertical.Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that said digging device (6) further comprises a tilt correction equipment (15) of said frame (2) provided between said telescopic bracket and said trencher wheel and making it possible to maintain it in a plane of vertical work. Engin selon les revendications précédentes 4 et 5,
caractérisé en ce que lesdits équipements respectivement de déport (14) et de correction de dévers (15) sont liés l'un à l'autre, ledit équipement de correction de dévers (15) étant associé à ladite potence télescopique (10) et ledit équipement de déport (14) étant associé au bâti (12) de ladite roue trancheuse.Machine according to the preceding claims 4 and 5,
characterized in that said respectively offset (14) and cant correction (15) equipment are connected to each other, said cant correction equipment (15) being associated with said telescopic stem (10) and said offset equipment (14) being associated with the frame (12) of said slicing wheel. Engin selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6,
caractérisé en ce que ledit équipement de correction de dévers (15) comprend une couronne rotative (50) autour d'un axe (51) horizontal, parallèle au pian dudit châssis, et composée de deux parties (52, 53) relativement rotatives l'une par rapport à l'autre autour dudit axe, sous l'action d'organes de commande (54), et associés respectivement audit chariot (18) de la potence télescopique et audit équipement de déport (14).Machine according to one of claims 5 or 6,
characterized in that said tilt correction equipment (15) comprises a rotatable ring (50) about a horizontal axis (51), parallel to the plane of said frame, and composed of two relatively rotatable portions (52, 53); one relative to the other about said axis, under the action of control members (54), and respectively associated with said carriage (18) of the telescopic stem and said offset equipment (14). Engin selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7,
caractérisé en ce que ledit équipement de déport (14) comprend un bras caissonné (43) monté, à ses extrémités, autour d'axes verticaux parallèles (46, 47), dont l'un (46) est relié à la seconde partie rotative (53) de ladite couronne (50) et dont l'autre (47) est relié à ladite roue trancheuse, et des organes de commande (48, 49) reliant respectivement ladite couronne audit bras caissonné et ledit bras caissonné audit bâti de la roue pour effectuer lesdites rotations autour desdits axes verticaux.Machine according to one of claims 4 to 7,
characterized in that said offset equipment (14) comprises a box arm (43) mounted at its ends about parallel vertical axes (46, 47), one of which (46) is connected to the second rotary portion (53) of said ring gear (50) and the other (47) of which is connected to said trencher wheel, and control members (48, 49) respectively connecting said ring gear to said box arm and said box arm to said wheel frame to perform said rotations around said vertical axes. Engin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8,
caractérisé en ce que le bâti (12) de ladite roue trancheuse (11) se compose de deux parties (36, 37) articulées l'une à l'autre autour d'un axe (38) horizontal orthogonal au plan vertical de ladite roue trancheuse, une première partie (36) supportant ladite roue et une seconde partie (37) reliée audit chariot coulissant, au moins un organe de commande (41) étant prévu entre lesdites parties pour autoriser ladite roue à occuper une position abaissée de travail et une position relevée inactive.Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that the frame (12) of said trencher wheel (11) is composed of two parts (36, 37) articulated to each other about a horizontal axis (38) orthogonal to the vertical plane of said wheel slicer, a first portion (36) supporting said wheel and a second portion (37) connected to said sliding carriage, at least one control member (41) being provided between said portions to allow said wheel to occupy a lowered work position and a raised position inactive. Engin selon les revendications 1, 7, 8 et 9,
caractérisé en ce que lesdits organes de commande (21, 25, 28, 41, 48, 49, 54) sont des vérins hydrauliques alimentés par un groupe de puissance (5) prévu sur ledit châssis.Machine according to claims 1, 7, 8 and 9,
characterized in that said control members (21, 25, 28, 41, 48, 49, 54) are hydraulic cylinders powered by a power unit (5) provided on said frame.
EP10159081A 2009-04-10 2010-04-06 Motorized machine for digging a trench in the soil and for depositing in said trench long objects Withdrawn EP2239377A1 (en)

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FR0901769A FR2944300B1 (en) 2009-04-10 2009-04-10 MOTORIZED ENGINE FOR CREATING A TRENCH IN THE GROUND AND PLACING IN SAME LONG OBJECTS

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CN102561434A (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-07-11 曹安柏 Hydraulic (electric) ditching machine
WO2018045404A1 (en) * 2016-09-08 2018-03-15 Layjet Micro-Rohr Verlegegesellschaft M.B.H. Cable laying device and method
CN110485496A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-22 成都市猎石者破岩科技有限责任公司 Grooving apparatus
CN110552391A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-10 成都市猎石者破岩科技有限责任公司 Slotting device
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EP3670759A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-24 Jürgen Stehr Device and method for laying cables and / or lines in the ground
CN111438830A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-07-24 成都市猎石者破岩科技有限责任公司 Grooving device, power machine and grooving machine
FR3121691A1 (en) 2021-04-09 2022-10-14 Groupe Marais Trencher equipped with a digging device and an adjustable transverse belt.
FR3126434A1 (en) * 2021-09-02 2023-03-03 Groupe Marais Slicer fitted with a cable guide system comprising at least one multi-position cable guide.

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CN102561434A (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-07-11 曹安柏 Hydraulic (electric) ditching machine
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WO2018045404A1 (en) * 2016-09-08 2018-03-15 Layjet Micro-Rohr Verlegegesellschaft M.B.H. Cable laying device and method
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EP3670759B1 (en) 2018-12-21 2022-11-30 Jürgen Stehr Device and method for laying cables and / or lines in the ground
CN110565719A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-13 成都市猎石者破岩科技有限责任公司 slotting device
CN110552391A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-10 成都市猎石者破岩科技有限责任公司 Slotting device
CN110485496A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-22 成都市猎石者破岩科技有限责任公司 Grooving apparatus
CN111438830A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-07-24 成都市猎石者破岩科技有限责任公司 Grooving device, power machine and grooving machine
FR3121691A1 (en) 2021-04-09 2022-10-14 Groupe Marais Trencher equipped with a digging device and an adjustable transverse belt.
FR3126434A1 (en) * 2021-09-02 2023-03-03 Groupe Marais Slicer fitted with a cable guide system comprising at least one multi-position cable guide.

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FR2944300A1 (en) 2010-10-15
FR2944300B1 (en) 2011-06-10

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