EP2236637A2 - Corps coulé sous pression en alliage d'aluminium-silicium-fonte hypereutectrique et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Corps coulé sous pression en alliage d'aluminium-silicium-fonte hypereutectrique et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2236637A2
EP2236637A2 EP10003560A EP10003560A EP2236637A2 EP 2236637 A2 EP2236637 A2 EP 2236637A2 EP 10003560 A EP10003560 A EP 10003560A EP 10003560 A EP10003560 A EP 10003560A EP 2236637 A2 EP2236637 A2 EP 2236637A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
weight
silicon
die
calcium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP10003560A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2236637A3 (fr
Inventor
Babette Tonn
Hennadiy Zak
Olga Zak
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Technische Universitaet Clausthal
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Technische Universitaet Clausthal
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Application filed by Technische Universitaet Clausthal filed Critical Technische Universitaet Clausthal
Publication of EP2236637A2 publication Critical patent/EP2236637A2/fr
Publication of EP2236637A3 publication Critical patent/EP2236637A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F02F2007/009—Hypereutectic aluminum, e.g. aluminum alloys with high SI content

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a die-cast body made of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon casting alloy with more than 15 to 25 wt .-% silicon and a total of 0 to 10 wt .-% of minor constituents and ad 100 wt .-% aluminum, a process for the preparation of a Diecasting Body of This Alloy Containing Calcium and / or Strontium The manufacturing process enables the process-reliable and cost-effective production of wear-stressed cast aluminum parts by die casting.
  • hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys for wear-stressed components, such as cylinder crankcases, pistons, pumps, compressor housings, propellers has increased significantly.
  • the good wear resistance of these alloys is based on the presence of primary silicon precipitates in the structure, which should be present in an advantageous and homogeneous as possible size distribution and geometric shape.
  • a refining of the primary silicon with phosphorus has proved successful, which produces nuclei in the melt, at which point the primary silicon crystals are formed ( Foundry 78, 1991, No. 23, pp. 848-852 ).
  • the currently required high casting temperature for hypereutectic Al-Si alloys from 760 ° C to 800 ° C leads to significant decrease in the viscosity of the melt and significantly increases the risk of spewing out of the mold. This is further promoted by the high heat of crystallization released during the precipitation of primary silicon crystals. In addition, the oxidation and hydrogen uptake promoted by higher temperatures lead to increased formation of oxide inclusions and porosities.
  • the relatively high crystallization temperature of the primary silicon in known aluminum-silicon casting alloys for die casting enhances the abrasive effect of the primary silicon particles on the casting tools and thus significantly reduces their service life. All these factors lower the limits for the processing of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys by the die casting process.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an alloy and a method that enables a process-reliable and cost-effective production of wear-stressed aluminum castings in die casting.
  • the die-cast body according to the invention is one with the main alloying constituents aluminum and silicon, more precisely with silicon contents of> 15 wt. 25 wt .-%, and zirconium as a minor alloying ingredient in an amount of 0.005 to 0.3 wt .-%. It is a hypereutectic alloy.
  • the sum of the secondary alloy constituents should not exceed 18% by weight and preferably 10% by weight.
  • Particularly advantageous die-cast alloys are obtained if the silicon content is more than 16% by weight and more preferably more than 18% by weight.
  • the phosphorus content in the alloy is limited to a few ppm. It has been found that precisely the avoidance of phosphorus and the use of calcium or else strontium or a combination of the elements Ca and Sr brings about the desired effects. Phosphorus additives increase the crystallization temperature of the primary silicon, which inevitably leads to higher casting temperatures and higher precipitation temperatures of the abrasive primary silicon particles. The high mold wear with conventional hypereutectic Al-Si die cast alloys can therefore be attributed to the addition of phosphorus. According to the invention, therefore, the content of phosphorus is kept less than 0.002 wt .-% (20 ppm). Preferably, the phosphorus content does not exceed 10 ppm and more preferably not 9 ppm, more preferably not 7 ppm.
  • the carbon content is as low as possible. Carbon entrained by incompletely pure starting materials worsens the casting results.
  • the carbon content should therefore be less than 0.0007% by weight in the alloy according to the invention. be.
  • the results of the inventors show that the refining and formation of the primary silicon in die-cast alloys according to the invention is markedly improved by zirconium additions of 0.005 to 0.3% by weight, without increasing the precipitation temperature of the primary silicon crystals. This is because the Si2Zr particles formed upon Zr addition in the melt are less patent than AIP nuclei and require significant supercooling to be ineffective.
  • the inventively provided treatment of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon melt by additions of calcium or strontium in effective amounts added causes a significant decrease in the excretion temperature of the primary silicon and makes it possible to significantly increase the casting temperatures of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys compared to the prior art to reduce.
  • Low casting temperatures and correspondingly higher viscosity of the melt ensure a low-risk processing of the pressure casting process without the risk of spillage.
  • Additional advantages are the lower thermal load of the casting tools and a significant increase in their service life. The mold wear is significantly reduced.
  • the shift of the precipitation temperature of the primary silicon at a later time ensures that this hard phase is formed only in the die, so that the long-known abrasive effect of the hard primary silicon crystals on the casting tools in the new process is eliminated.
  • the smaller solidification interval of the hypereutectic Al-Si alloys achieved with the method according to the invention contributes to the significant improvement in their hot cracking behavior, which is of great advantage, particularly in the production of monolithic engine blocks in die casting because of their elaborate ribbing.
  • the calcium or strontium addition according to the invention brings about an excellent microbial modification.
  • the essential features of the structure modification are a considerable refining and homogeneous distribution of the primary silicon particles and at the same time a good refinement of the Al-Si eutectic.
  • the primary silicon crystals are present in the microstructure in the desired polyhedral shape.
  • the long-sought combined refining of the primary silica and refining of the Al-Si eutectic are known to provide the best wear resistance and to improve the mechanical properties.
  • Total impurity elements should not exceed 0.6 wt% in The alloy may be present in order to exclude uncontrollable effects on the properties of the alloy. In particular, it should be ensured that the antimony content is below 0.01% by weight, since higher contents impair the effect of Ca and Sr.
  • primary silicon crystals in predominantly polyhedral form are present in the microstructure of the die-cast body according to the invention.
  • Star-shaped primary silicon crystals should not be present or only in small quantities.
  • the invention further comprises a process for producing a die-cast hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy with calcium and / or strontium addition.
  • the object of the invention is therefore also achieved by a method for producing a die-cast body, in which a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy containing calcium and / or strontium of each element or in total from 0.001 to less than 0.05 wt. % (? 0.001 to ⁇ 0.05 wt .-%), a content of phosphorus less than 0.002 wt .-% and a content of carbon less than 0.0007 wt .-% with mold filling times of 10 to 300 milliseconds processed by die casting is, wherein the excretion of the primary silicon takes place only in the mold.
  • the temperature of the melt in the casting chamber approx. between 670 ° C and 700 ° C.
  • the hypereutectic Al-Si alloys with silicon contents of more than 15 or 16 or 18 wt .-% are characterized by wide solidification intervals. Therefore, they require short mold filling times and rapid pressure build-up at mold filling end in order to avoid premature solidification and to achieve maximum pore compression.
  • the exact composition of the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy is preferred as described above.
  • the calcium may be added in the form of a calcium master alloy and / or the strontium may be added in the form of a strontium master alloy, for which AlCa10, AlSr90 and AlSr10 are used in particular.
  • castings made from the alloy according to the invention can be subjected to all heat treatments.
  • the cast part after the casting is subjected to a heat treatment, a mechanical treatment, a honing operation or a combination of several treatments.
  • the cast skin of the alloy according to the invention may be depleted of primary silicon by rapid solidification in the die casting process. Therefore, the primary silicon depleted edge zone can be removed. This can be z. B. by mechanical processing or by honing.
  • a wear-resistant product namely a die-cast part produced by the die casting method according to the invention for a technical component, in particular a piston, a cylinder crankcase, a bushing, a propeller, a propeller blade, a pump, a pump housing, a compressor housing, an engine block, or generally a machine or device part.
  • AlSi17Cu4Mg alloys were selected.
  • the test alloys with calcium and with phosphorus were produced in an electrically heated crucible furnace.
  • the addition of phosphorus to the comparative alloy was carried out with wire master alloy AlCu20P1,4.
  • the casting tests were carried out on the GDK 750 die casting machine (Müller Weingarten (Germany)) with a casting speed of 50 m / s.
  • the casting temperature was 700 ° C and the mold temperature was 180 ° C.
  • the properly discharged with the inventive method test specimen is in Fig. 1 shown.
  • Table 1 shows the composition of the alloys investigated.
  • Table 1. Composition of Al-Si Cast Alloys, wt% Si Ca P Cu Ni mg Fe Mn Cr Ti Zr Erf.Leg 16.5 0,007 0.0009 3.7 0.02 0.6 0.18 0.14 0.03 0.07 0.005 Leg. Gem. State of the art 16.5 0.0009 0.005 3.9 0.03 0.6 0.16 0.16 0.04 0.05 -
  • Fig. 2 represents the casting technology advantages of the method according to the invention over the prior art convincing.
  • the lowering of the excretion temperature of the primary silicon by 27 ° C by treatment of the melt with 70 ppm of calcium is clearly visible.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
EP10003560A 2009-04-03 2010-03-31 Corps coulé sous pression en alliage d'aluminium-silicium-fonte hypereutectrique et son procédé de fabrication Withdrawn EP2236637A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910016111 DE102009016111B4 (de) 2009-04-03 2009-04-03 Druckgusskörper aus einer übereutektischen Aluminium-Silizium-Gusslegierung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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EP2236637A2 true EP2236637A2 (fr) 2010-10-06
EP2236637A3 EP2236637A3 (fr) 2011-12-14

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EP (1) EP2236637A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009016111B4 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105132761A (zh) * 2015-09-18 2015-12-09 张家港市和伟五金工具厂 一种铝合金
CN106435296A (zh) * 2016-11-10 2017-02-22 无锡市明盛强力风机有限公司 一种变质铝硅合金活塞
CN106566962A (zh) * 2016-11-10 2017-04-19 无锡市明盛强力风机有限公司 一种铝硅合金活塞
CN107083505A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2017-08-22 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 一种耐热铝合金及其制备方法和应用
CN109022951A (zh) * 2018-10-24 2018-12-18 广西大学 一种耐磨多元铝硅基合金及其制备方法
CN109136676A (zh) * 2018-09-26 2019-01-04 广西大学 一种铝硅锆合金及其制备方法
CN109735748A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-10 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 一种耐热铸造铝合金活塞材料及其制备方法
CN110241332A (zh) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-17 广东顺博铝合金有限公司 一种耐磨铝合金及其制备
CN110328331A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-15 沛县大屯电石厂 一种便于开模的镍合金生产用模具

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1683881A1 (fr) 2005-01-25 2006-07-26 Brunswick Corporation Alliage du type Al-Si ayant une tendence reduite de brazage aux moules pour coulée sous pression
EP1978120A1 (fr) 2007-03-30 2008-10-08 Technische Universität Clausthal Alliage de fonte, d'aluminium et de silice et son procédé de fabrication

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU536976B2 (en) * 1980-09-10 1984-05-31 Comalco Limited Aluminium-silicon alloys
US4812290A (en) * 1986-09-08 1989-03-14 Kb Alloys, Inc. Third element additions to aluminum-titanium master alloys
DE69024808T2 (de) * 1989-08-09 1996-05-30 Comalco Alu Giessen von a1-base modifizierten si-cu-ni-mg-mn-zr-hypereutektischen legierungen
WO1999036593A1 (fr) * 1998-01-20 1999-07-22 Moltech Invent S.A. Coulis de revetement d'anodes metalliques exemptes de carbone pour cellules electrolytiques de production de metal
EP1049818B1 (fr) * 1998-01-20 2004-12-29 MOLTECH Invent S.A. Anodes metalliques exemptes de carbone pour cellules de production d'aluminium
FI981742A0 (fi) * 1998-08-12 1998-08-12 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Nestepakkauskartonki jätemateriaalin kierrätysprosessi ja laite nestepakkauskartonkijätemateriaalin kierrättämiseksi

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1683881A1 (fr) 2005-01-25 2006-07-26 Brunswick Corporation Alliage du type Al-Si ayant une tendence reduite de brazage aux moules pour coulée sous pression
EP1978120A1 (fr) 2007-03-30 2008-10-08 Technische Universität Clausthal Alliage de fonte, d'aluminium et de silice et son procédé de fabrication

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GIESSEREI, vol. 78, no. 23, 1991, pages 848 - 852

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105132761A (zh) * 2015-09-18 2015-12-09 张家港市和伟五金工具厂 一种铝合金
CN106435296A (zh) * 2016-11-10 2017-02-22 无锡市明盛强力风机有限公司 一种变质铝硅合金活塞
CN106566962A (zh) * 2016-11-10 2017-04-19 无锡市明盛强力风机有限公司 一种铝硅合金活塞
CN107083505A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2017-08-22 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 一种耐热铝合金及其制备方法和应用
CN107083505B (zh) * 2017-05-16 2019-01-25 安徽枫颍铝业有限公司 一种耐热铝合金及其制备方法和应用
CN109136676A (zh) * 2018-09-26 2019-01-04 广西大学 一种铝硅锆合金及其制备方法
CN109022951A (zh) * 2018-10-24 2018-12-18 广西大学 一种耐磨多元铝硅基合金及其制备方法
CN109735748A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-10 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 一种耐热铸造铝合金活塞材料及其制备方法
CN110241332A (zh) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-17 广东顺博铝合金有限公司 一种耐磨铝合金及其制备
CN110328331A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-15 沛县大屯电石厂 一种便于开模的镍合金生产用模具

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EP2236637A3 (fr) 2011-12-14
DE102009016111A1 (de) 2010-10-14
DE102009016111B4 (de) 2011-02-10

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