EP2228178B1 - Handheld drive device for a press device and method for controlling a handheld drive device for a press device - Google Patents

Handheld drive device for a press device and method for controlling a handheld drive device for a press device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2228178B1
EP2228178B1 EP20100155961 EP10155961A EP2228178B1 EP 2228178 B1 EP2228178 B1 EP 2228178B1 EP 20100155961 EP20100155961 EP 20100155961 EP 10155961 A EP10155961 A EP 10155961A EP 2228178 B1 EP2228178 B1 EP 2228178B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
drive device
drive
actual value
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20100155961
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2228178A2 (en
EP2228178A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Dipl.-Ing. Bungter
Günther Dipl.-Ing. Odenthal
Jörg Dipl.-Ing. Hanisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novopress GmbH Pressen und Presswerkzeuge and Co KG
Original Assignee
Novopress GmbH Pressen und Presswerkzeuge and Co KG
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Publication of EP2228178A2 publication Critical patent/EP2228178A2/en
Publication of EP2228178A3 publication Critical patent/EP2228178A3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
    • B21D39/046—Connecting tubes to tube-like fittings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/005—Hydraulic driving means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for forming connections by deformation, e.g. crimping tool
    • H01R43/042—Hand tools for crimping
    • H01R43/0427—Hand tools for crimping fluid actuated hand crimping tools
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for forming connections by deformation, e.g. crimping tool
    • H01R43/042—Hand tools for crimping
    • H01R43/0428—Power-driven hand crimping tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a handleable drive device for a pressing device and a method for controlling a hand-held drive device for a pressing device.
  • the present invention relates to a pressing device with such a drive device.
  • hand-held pressing devices which consist of a drive device and an end attached via a coupling adapted to the particular application pressing tool.
  • the drive device is formed electrohydraulically in the present type of such pressing devices.
  • a mains or battery-powered, electric drive motor drives a hydraulic pump, which may be designed as a piston or gear pump.
  • the hydraulic pump acts on an actuating device in the form of a hydraulic motor.
  • such a hydraulic motor is designed as a piston-cylinder unit with a hydraulic piston arranged in a hydraulic piston whose piston rod acts on the pressing tool. During movement of the piston rod, one or more pressing jaws are moved in the pressing tool in the pressing direction.
  • To the hydraulic pump includes a hydraulic reservoir, from which the hydraulic pump sucks hydraulic fluid through its suction side and promotes via its pressure side in the pressure chamber of the piston-cylinder unit.
  • the hydraulic system also includes a connection between the pressure side of the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic reservoir.
  • a pressure relief valve is arranged, which is initially closed during the pressing process and only when reaching a certain maximum pressure, also called cut-off pressure, opens to the hydraulic reservoir.
  • the cut-off pressure is designed so high that in a normal pressing operation opening only takes place when the pressing process is completed, so that the pressing tool has reached its final pressing position.
  • a press device which is provided with a fault monitoring function.
  • a physical variable such as, for example, the electrical current or the force to be applied, is monitored via an actual value pickup and compared with a desired value curve. As soon as the actual value course deviates from the target value course in an inadmissible manner, this is indicated via a signal device or the drive motor is switched off.
  • the EP 1 230 998 A2 a method for automatic control of electro-hydraulic hand tools and in particular hand presses, in which the drive motor is automatically switched off after completion of the pressing operation. As an indicator of the completion of the pressing process, each current drop is monitored after opening the pressure relief valve.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a hand-held drive device for pressing devices, in which the reliability is improved. It is another object of the invention to provide a corresponding method for controlling a hand-held drive device for pressing devices.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a handleable drive device according to claim 1 or a method for controlling a handleable drive device according to claim 10.
  • a plausibility check is carried out.
  • the pressing process is terminated in a first control, when the pressure relief valve opens and thus a predetermined pressure, which correlates to the pressing pressure, is constructed.
  • a predetermined pressure which correlates to the pressing pressure
  • the Istwertaufillon is designed to detect the rotational speed of the drive motor and in the evaluation at least one target load speed range is stored, in which the load speed of the drive motor should be on reaching the cut-off. In other words, the speed of the drive motor at the time of opening the pressure relief valve is monitored as the characteristic value.
  • the rotational speed correlates directly with the pressing force, with a high speed equal to a low load and a low speed indicative of a high load.
  • a target load speed can be defined, which must be undercut for reaching a prescribed pressing force. Falling below this predefined target load speed means that the required pressing force has been achieved.
  • the setpoint load speed forms the upper limit of a downwardly open setpoint load speed range, which in the Evaluation device is stored.
  • a lower limit for the permissible target load speed range can also be defined in order to detect overshoots of the permissible pressing force in this way.
  • the evaluation device detects the idling speed before the beginning of a compression and predetermines the target load speed range as a function of the measured idling speed. It is therefore initially measured the idle speed. This is the speed with which the press unit moves without load to a fitting. If the idle speed is low, so will the load speed when opening the pressure relief valve will be lower, and in reverse, the idle speed is high, so the load speed will be higher. Accordingly, the target load speed range is predetermined as a function of the idle speed measured before the pressing process. This can be determined empirically.
  • the drive device can have a control device for influencing the drive motor, wherein the evaluation device is connected to the control device or forms part of it.
  • the control device is preferably designed so that it controls the drive motor in dependence on the actual value, which is detected by the Istonneaufsacrificing.
  • the control device can switch off the drive motor if the evaluation device detects an increase in the actual rotational speed detected by the actual value pickup after opening the pressure relief valve.
  • the Istwertaufsacrificing a held on the output shaft of the drive motor or elsewhere in the drive train signal generator, distributed over the circumference, in particular at equal or unequal intervals contactors, and a device-fixed sensor, which emanates from the contactors Detects contacts and outputs corresponding signals to the control device has, wherein the control device determines the actual speed from the detected signals.
  • the speed sensor carry at its periphery a magnet or more magnets as a contactor and the sensor detects the emanating from the magnet magnetic fields and emit appropriate signals to the controller.
  • Optical contactors are also possible.
  • the speed sensor receives one or more pulses from the magnets attached to the output shaft of the drive motor or elsewhere in the drive train per engine compartment rotation, which are counted. Due to the design-related pulsating load of a hydraulic piston pump, a smoothing of the speed curve may be necessary. This is done by calculation and is dependent on the structure of the pump and the gear ratio. An advantage of this method is that only counts the pulses and the speed is calculated from the number of pulses. An AD converter as in current or voltage measurements is not required here, which makes the evaluation easy.
  • the hydraulic motor can be designed in a manner known per se as a piston-cylinder unit with a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic piston.
  • the pressure relief valve in the hydraulic piston and / or in a piston rod of the hydraulic piston is arranged (see. DE 203 03 877 UI and DE 20 2004 000 215 U1 ).
  • a control valve may also be provided in addition, as it DE 20 2004 000 215 Ui can be seen.
  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a hand-held drive device for a pressing device, wherein the method is preferably carried out with the drive device described above.
  • a hydraulic pump via a hydraulic system with to carry out a pressing operation Hydraulic motor of a drive motor, which is in particular an electric motor driven.
  • Hydraulic motor of a drive motor which is in particular an electric motor driven.
  • a pressure relief valve is opened, so that the hydraulic medium is in particular returned to a hydraulic reservoir.
  • a physical quantity is detected according to the invention, which is correlated with the compression resistance and assigned to the drive motor.
  • the first physical quantity is compared with at least one predetermined setpoint range.
  • the setpoint range defines the actual value of the physical variable in which it should lie when the cutoff pressure is reached. It also indicates whether the actual value lies within the specified setpoint range.
  • the actual value sensor detects an actual rotational speed of the drive motor, wherein the drive motor is preferably controlled by means of a control device as a function of the detected actual rotational speed upon reaching the cut-off pressure.
  • the detected after opening the pressure relief valve actual speed is compared with a stored target speed range in an evaluation.
  • a stored target speed range By means of such a comparison, it can be ensured in the context of the plausibility check that a correct compression has been carried out when the detected actual rotational speed is within the desired rotational speed range.
  • it can be displayed by means of a signaling device, whether the actual speed is within the stored target speed range and thus a proper compression was performed.
  • the illustrated pressing apparatus 1 has an elongated drive unit 2, at one end of which a pressing tool 3 is coupled, which is suitable for the compression of press fittings, which serve to connect pipe ends.
  • the drive unit 2 has, at the end opposite the pressing tool 3, a drive motor 4 whose output shaft 5 is coupled to a pump shaft 6 of a hydraulic pump designated as a whole by 7.
  • the pump shaft 6 is guided in the hydraulic pump 7 in two bearings 8, 9 and has between the two bearings an eccentric 10 which acts via a needle bearing 11 on a radially displaceably guided pump piston 12.
  • the pump piston 12 is moved radially back and forth.
  • the housing of the hydraulic pump 7 is surrounded on the outside by an elastomeric hose 13 which encloses a hydraulic reservoir 14 between them and the outside of the hydraulic pump 7 in a liquid-tight manner.
  • the ends of the tube 13 engage in grooves 15, 16 and are held there from the outside by pushed-over fixing rings 17, 18 in position.
  • the hydraulic pump 7 is flanged in the axial direction on the side facing away from the electric motor 4 to a hydraulic motor in the form of a piston-cylinder unit 19.
  • the piston-cylinder unit 19 has a hydraulic cylinder 20 which is closed on the hydraulic pump side with an end plate 21.
  • a hydraulic piston 22 is guided displaceably. He divides the interior of the hydraulic cylinder 20 in an end plate-side pressure chamber 23 and a rear space 24 a.
  • the hydraulic piston 22 is seated on a piston rod 25 which extends on the side facing away from the end plate 21 in the direction of the pressing tool 3.
  • a hat-shaped sealing element 26 is inserted, which rests on the inside of the piston rod 25 and thus seals the rear space 24.
  • the sealing element 26 also serves to support a piston spring 25 surrounding the coil spring 27, which is supported at the other end on the side remote from the pressure chamber 23 of the hydraulic piston 22.
  • the coil spring 27 is formed as a compression spring and consequently endeavors to move the hydraulic piston 22 in the direction of the end plate 21.
  • the hydraulic piston 22 remote from the end of the Kolbentsange 25 is rigidly connected outside of the rear space 24 with a spreader 28.
  • the spreader 28 has a bearing body 29, are mounted on the two spreader rollers 30, 31 transversely to the axis of the pressing device 1 side by side and freely rotatable in mutual contact.
  • Attached to the rear space-side end of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is a holder 32, the two Clutch plates 33, 34 forms, which extend in the axial direction of the pressing device 1.
  • the coupling tabs 33, 34 have such a distance from each other that the spreader 28 can move between them.
  • end coupling bores are provided which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pressing device 1 and are aligned.
  • two mutually parallel pressing tool tabs of which in FIG. 1 only the rear pressing tool tab 35 can be seen.
  • Both press tool tabs 35 also have coupling holes that are aligned with each other and have the same diameter as the coupling holes in the coupling tabs 33, 34.
  • connection between the coupling tabs 33, 34 and thus the drive unit 2 is made by a coupling pin 36 through passed through all four coupling holes and locked for the purpose of its positional fixation. In this way, the pressing tool 3 is pivotally connected to the drive unit 2.
  • the press tool flaps 35 are of identical construction and are arranged congruently and at a distance. They are connected to each other via two hinge pins 37, 38. In the intermediate space between the press tool tabs 35, mirror-shaped press jaw levers 39, 40 are mounted pivotably on the hinge pins 37, 38.
  • the pressing jaw levers 39, 40 form semicircular pressing jaws 41, 42 at their outer ends, which in the illustrated, closed state of the pressing tool 3 enclose a pressing space 43.
  • a compression spring 44 ensures that the pressing jaw lever 39, 40 take the illustrated closed final pressing position in the idle state.
  • the pressing jaw levers 39, 40 form drive surfaces 45, 46, which interact with the cylindrical surfaces of the spreading rollers 30, 31 during the pressing process.
  • the hydraulic pump 7, i. their limited by the pump piston 12 pressure chamber has not shown here hydraulic channels on the one hand connection to the hydraulic reservoir 14 and the other to the pressure chamber 23 in the piston-cylinder unit 19.
  • a check valve in the hydraulic line to the hydraulic reservoir 14 ensures that the pump piston 12th Upon movement in one direction, hydraulic oil sucks from the hydraulic reservoir 14 and, when moved in the other direction, conveys the sucked-in hydraulic oil into the pressure chamber 23.
  • the hydraulic piston 22 and thus also the piston rod 25 and the spreader 28 connected thereto are moved in the direction of the pressing tool 3.
  • a pressure relief valve 47 is formed in the form of a needle valve.
  • the hydraulic piston 22 has a pressure opening 23 open valve opening 48, which serves as a valve seat for a valve body 49 on the inside. This is loaded in the direction of the valve opening 48 by means of a pressure acting on the rear side of the valve body 49 compression spring 50.
  • the compression spring 50 is designed so that it allows a lifting of the valve body 49 only at a certain cut-off pressure in the Druchraum 23.
  • the valve body 49 defines a valve chamber 51, which has a connection to the rear space 24 via a hydraulic channel, not shown here. This in turn is connected via a hydraulic channel, also not shown, with the hydraulic reservoir 14. All above-described hydraulic channels form a total of a hydraulic system.
  • an emergency valve 52 which is also designed as a needle valve. It has a connecting channel 53 direct connection to the pressure chamber 23.
  • the connecting channel 53 narrows into a valve seat insert 54, which forms a valve seat on the inside, on which a valve needle 55 sealingly abuts.
  • the valve needle 55 with a Compressed spring 56 loaded.
  • This compression spring 56 is designed so that the valve needle 55 only lifts off from the valve seat insert 54 and thus the emergency valve 52 opens when the pressure in the pressure chamber 23 has reached a value which is at least equal to the cut-off, at which the pressure relief valve 47 at normal function opens, but can also lie about it.
  • the valve chamber of the emergency valve 52 has a channel, not shown here, connection to the hydraulic reservoir 14, so that the hydraulic fluid in the pressure chamber 23 can flow into the hydraulic reservoir 14 when opening the emergency valve 50.
  • a manual override device 57 is provided, with the aid of which it is possible to effect an opening of the emergency valve 52 by external action.
  • the manual actuation device 57 has an actuation tappet 58, which is displaceably guided transversely to the axial extension of the valve needle 55 and ends near the tube 13 within the hydraulic reservoir 14.
  • actuation tappet 58 is displaceably guided transversely to the axial extension of the valve needle 55 and ends near the tube 13 within the hydraulic reservoir 14.
  • a transverse pin 60 passing through the actuating tappet 58 prevents rotation of the actuating tappet 58 and forms a stop for the starting position.
  • valve needle 55 At the valve needle end of the actuating plunger 58 is penetrated by the valve needle 55 and forms there an inclined surface 61, against which a contact surface 62 of the valve needle 55 is applied. Due to this coupling, the valve needle 55 is lifted from the valve seat insert 54 against the action of the compression spring 56 when the actuating plunger 58 is moved by applying pressure to the hose 13 in the direction of the valve needle 55. Independently of this, the coupling between actuation tappet 58 and valve needle 55 allows the valve needle 55 to move freely in the opening direction, so that the actuation tappet 58 has no influence on the automatic opening behavior of the emergency valve 52.
  • the output shaft 5 carries a speed sensor 63, on the circumference of the same or unequal distances magnets 64 are distributed.
  • the speed sensor 63 opposite is rotationally fixed Speed sensor 65 is arranged, which is capable of detecting the outgoing magnetic fields from the magnet 64 and emits corresponding signals to a control device not shown here. The signals are counted there, the speed of the drive motor 4 being determined from the number determined.
  • the control device serves to control the course of the press via the drive motor, as is fundamentally understood from US Pat EP 0 860 220 is known.
  • the control device additionally carries out a plausibility check at the end of a pressing operation in order to determine whether a pressing operation has been carried out successfully.
  • a measured after opening the pressure relief valve 47 actual load speed of the drive motor 4 is in a predetermined target speed range.
  • the upper limit of the target speed range determines the speed that must be fallen below to ensure that a predetermined pressing force has been reached.
  • the lower limit for the allowable target load speed range is defined in order to detect overshoots of the permissible pressing force.
  • the control device detects the idling speed before the beginning of a compression and predetermines the target load speed range as a function of the measured idling speed. If the determined idle speed is low, so will the load speed when opening the pressure relief valve will be lower, and in the reverse manner, the idle speed is high, so the load speed will be higher. Accordingly, depending on the before the pressing process measured idle speed of the target load speed range specified. This can be determined empirically, for example, and stored in the control device.
  • the pressing device 1 is attached to the press fitting after previously compressed the two pressing jaw lever 39, 40 by hand to the spreader 28 adjacent ends against the action of the compression spring 44 and thus the pressing jaws 44 are removed from each other so that the end a mouth-like opening results.
  • the pressing tool 3 can then be applied radially to the intended location of the press fitting, wherein the pressing jaws 41, 42 initially come to rest on the press fitting and accordingly the drive surfaces 45, 46 are approximated to each other.
  • the electric motor 4 is set in motion via a switch not shown here.
  • the idling speed is detected, and in dependence on it a target load speed range is defined, in which the speed of the electric motor 4 must be at the end of a successfully completed pressing operation.
  • the hydraulic pump 7 sucks hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic reservoir 14 and conveys it into the pressure chamber 23.
  • the lateral surfaces come the spreading rollers 30, 31 on the drive surfaces 45, 46 of the pressing jaw lever 39, 40 for conditioning and spread apart them gradually.
  • the pressing jaws 41, 42 approach each other and thus ensure a compression of the press fitting radially inward. This continues until the pressing jaws 41, 42 come into mutual contact, so reach their final pressing position. This gradually increases the pressure in the Pressure chamber 23.
  • the speed of the drive motor 4 decreases continuously, as in the FIG. 4 is recognizable.
  • the pressure in the pressure chamber 23 still increases until the predetermined cut-off pressure is reached at which the pressure relief valve 47 opens by lifting the valve body 49 of the valve port 48.
  • the control device detects the rotational speed of the electric motor 4 when opening the pressure relief valve. If the detected speed is within the predetermined target load speed range, the operator is notified via the signaling device that the pressing operation has been completed successfully.
  • the operator turns off the electric motor 4, so that the hydraulic circulation is interrupted.
  • an automatic shutdown of the electric motor 4 can take place.
  • the rotational speed of the electric motor 4 increases steeply after the opening of the pressure relief valve 47. This speed increase can be used by the control device as a criterion to turn off the electric motor 4.
  • the coil spring 27 then pushes the hydraulic piston 22 back towards the end plate 21. In this case, a pressure is generated in the pressure chamber 23, which is sufficient to keep the pressure relief valve 47 open during the entire return movement of the hydraulic piston 22 until the hydraulic piston 22 has reached the starting position shown in the figures again. Then the pressure relief valve 47 closes.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine handführbare Antriebseinrichtung für ein Pressgerät sowie ein Verfahren zum Steuern einer handführbaren Antriebseinrichtung für ein Pressgerät.The invention relates to a handleable drive device for a pressing device and a method for controlling a hand-held drive device for a pressing device.

Bekannte handführbare Antriebseinrichtungen für Pressgeräte weisen üblicherweise die folgenden Merkmale auf:

  • die Antriebseinrichtung hat einen Antriebsmotor;
  • der Antriebsmotor treibt eine Hydraulikpumpe an;
  • die Hydraulikpumpe ist über ein Hydrauliksystem mit einem Hydraulikmotor verbunden;
  • die Antriebseinrichtung weist vorzugsweise eine Kupplung für die Anbringung eines Presswerkzeugs zum Verpressen von Werkstücken auf;
  • der Hydraulikmotor ist vorzugsweise mit einer Betätigungseinrichtung zur Betätigung des Presswerkzeugs gekoppelt;
  • der Hydraulikmotor ist über das Hydrauliksystem mit einem Hydraulikreservoir verbunden;
  • in dem Hydrauliksystem befindet sich zumindest ein Überdruckventil;
  • das Überdruckventil ist derart ausgelegt, dass es bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Abschaltdruckes im Hydraulikmotor die Verbindung zu dem Hydraulikreservoir öffnet;
  • der Hydraulikmotor weist vorzugsweise eine Rückstelleinrichtung auf, die den Hydraulikmotor nach Öffnen des Überdruckventils in seine Ausgangsstellung zurückbewegt und hierdurch Hydraulikflüssigkeit aus dem Hydraulikmotor in das Hydraulikreservoir befördert.
Known handleable drive devices for press devices usually have the following features:
  • the drive device has a drive motor;
  • the drive motor drives a hydraulic pump;
  • the hydraulic pump is connected to a hydraulic motor via a hydraulic system;
  • the drive device preferably has a coupling for the attachment of a pressing tool for the pressing of workpieces;
  • the hydraulic motor is preferably provided with an actuating device for Actuation of the pressing tool coupled;
  • the hydraulic motor is connected via the hydraulic system to a hydraulic reservoir;
  • in the hydraulic system is at least one pressure relief valve;
  • the pressure relief valve is designed such that it opens the connection to the hydraulic reservoir upon reaching a certain cut-off pressure in the hydraulic motor;
  • the hydraulic motor preferably has a return device, which moves the hydraulic motor back to its starting position after opening the pressure relief valve and thereby conveys hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic motor into the hydraulic reservoir.

Des weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Pressgerät mit einer solchen Antriebseinrichtung.Furthermore, the present invention relates to a pressing device with such a drive device.

Zur Verbindung von Rohrleitungen mittels Pressfittings und für die Anbringung von Kabelschuhen an Elektroleitungen sind handführbare Pressgeräte bekannt, die aus einer Antriebseinrichtung und einem endseitig über eine Kupplung angebrachten, an den jeweiligen Verwendungszweck angepassten Presswerkzeug bestehen. Die Antriebseinrichtung ist bei der vorliegenden Gattung solcher Pressgeräte elektrohydraulisch ausgebildet. Dabei treibt ein netz- oder batteriegespeister, elektrischer Antriebsmotor einen Hydraulikpumpe an, die als Kolben- oder Zahnradpumpe ausgebildet sein kann. Die Hydraulikpumpe wirkt auf eine Betätigungseinrichtung in Form eines Hydraulikmotors. In der Regel ist ein solcher Hydraulikmotor als Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit mit einem in einem Hydraulikzylinder angeordneten Hydraulikkolben ausgebildet, dessen Kolbenstange auf das Presswerkzeug einwirkt. Bei Bewegung der Kolbenstange werden eine oder mehrere Pressbacken in dem Presswerkzeug in Pressrichtung bewegt. Bei dieser Art Antrieb wird also die Drehbewegung eines Antriebsmotors hydraulisch in eine Linearbewegung der Kolbenstange umgesetzt, um für eine Pressbewegung des Presswerkzeuges zu sorgen. Beispiele solcher Pressgeräte finden sich in US 5,125,324 A , DE 203 03 877 Ui und DE 20 2004 000 215 Ui .For connecting pipes by means of press fittings and for the attachment of cable lugs to electric cables hand-held pressing devices are known, which consist of a drive device and an end attached via a coupling adapted to the particular application pressing tool. The drive device is formed electrohydraulically in the present type of such pressing devices. In this case, a mains or battery-powered, electric drive motor drives a hydraulic pump, which may be designed as a piston or gear pump. The hydraulic pump acts on an actuating device in the form of a hydraulic motor. As a rule, such a hydraulic motor is designed as a piston-cylinder unit with a hydraulic piston arranged in a hydraulic piston whose piston rod acts on the pressing tool. During movement of the piston rod, one or more pressing jaws are moved in the pressing tool in the pressing direction. In this type of drive Thus, the rotational movement of a drive motor is hydraulically converted into a linear movement of the piston rod to provide a pressing movement of the pressing tool. Examples of such pressing devices can be found in US 5,125,324 A . DE 203 03 877 Ui and DE 20 2004 000 215 Ui ,

Zu der Hydraulikpumpe gehört ein Hydraulikreservoir, aus dem die Hydraulikpumpe Hydraulikflüssigkeit über ihre Saugseite ansaugt und über ihre Druckseite in den Druckraum der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit fördert. Zu dem Hydrauliksystem gehört auch eine Verbindung zwischen der Druckseite des Hydraulikmotors und dem Hydraulikreservoir.To the hydraulic pump includes a hydraulic reservoir, from which the hydraulic pump sucks hydraulic fluid through its suction side and promotes via its pressure side in the pressure chamber of the piston-cylinder unit. The hydraulic system also includes a connection between the pressure side of the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic reservoir.

In dem Hydrauliksystem zwischen Hydraulikmotor und Hydraulikreservoir ist ein Überdruckventil angeordnet, das beim Pressvorgang zunächst geschlossen ist und erst bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Höchstdruckes, auch Abschaltdruck genannt, zum Hydraulikreservoir hin öffnet. Der Abschaltdruck ist so hoch ausgelegt, dass bei einem normalen Pressvorgang ein Öffnen erst stattfindet, wenn der Pressvorgang abgeschlossen ist, also das Presswerkzeug seine Endpressstellung erreicht hat.In the hydraulic system between hydraulic motor and hydraulic reservoir, a pressure relief valve is arranged, which is initially closed during the pressing process and only when reaching a certain maximum pressure, also called cut-off pressure, opens to the hydraulic reservoir. The cut-off pressure is designed so high that in a normal pressing operation opening only takes place when the pressing process is completed, so that the pressing tool has reached its final pressing position.

Mit dem Öffnen des Überdruckventils und ggf. dem Abschalten des Antriebsmotors und damit der Hydraulikpumpe wird der Hydraulikkolben mit einer auf ihn oder die Kolbenstange einwirkenden Rückstellfeder in seine Ausgangsstellung zurückbewegt. Hierdurch wird die in dem Druckraum befindliche Hydraulikflüssigkeit in das Hydraulikreservoir zurückgedrückt.With the opening of the pressure relief valve and possibly the switching off of the drive motor and thus of the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic piston is moved back to its starting position with a return spring acting on it or the piston rod. As a result, the hydraulic fluid in the pressure chamber is pushed back into the hydraulic reservoir.

Aus der EP 0 860 220 B1 ist ein Pressgerät bekannt, das mit einer Störungsüberwachungsfunktion versehen ist. Hierzu wird über einen Istwertaufnehmer eine pysikalische Größe wie beispielsweise der elektrische Strom oder die aufzubringende Kraft überwacht und mit einem Sollwertverlauf verglichen. Sobald der Istwertverlauf von dem sollwertverlauf in unzulässigerweise abweicht, wird dies über eine Signaleinrichtung angezeigt oder der Antriebsmotor abgeschaltet.From the EP 0 860 220 B1 is a press device is known, which is provided with a fault monitoring function. For this purpose, a physical variable, such as, for example, the electrical current or the force to be applied, is monitored via an actual value pickup and compared with a desired value curve. As soon as the actual value course deviates from the target value course in an inadmissible manner, this is indicated via a signal device or the drive motor is switched off.

Ferner offenbart die EP 1 230 998 A2 ein Verfahren zum automatischen Steuern von elektro-hydraulischen Handwerkzeugen und insbesondere Handpressgeräten, bei welchem der Antriebsmotor nach Beendigung des Pressvorgangs automatisch abgeschaltet wird. Als Indikator für die Beendigung des Pressvorgangs wird jeder Stromabfall nach dem Öffnen des Überdruckventils überwacht.Further, the EP 1 230 998 A2 a method for automatic control of electro-hydraulic hand tools and in particular hand presses, in which the drive motor is automatically switched off after completion of the pressing operation. As an indicator of the completion of the pressing process, each current drop is monitored after opening the pressure relief valve.

Des Weiteren ist aus US 2007/0033984 A1 eine handführbare Antriebseinrichtung für ein Pressgerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt.Furthermore, it is off US 2007/0033984 A1 a hand-held drive device for a pressing device according to the preamble of claim 1 known.

Die bekannten Überwachungssysteme haben sich in der Praxis durchaus bewährt. Die Bestrebungen gehen jedoch dahin, die Zuverlässigkeit zu erhöhen.The known monitoring systems have proven themselves in practice quite well. However, efforts are being made to increase reliability.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es eine handführbare Antriebseinrichtung für Pressgeräte zu schaffen, bei der die Zuverlässigkeit verbessert ist. Ferner ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung ein entsprechendes Verfahren zum Steuern einer handführbaren Antriebseinrichtung für Pressgeräte zu schaffen.The object of the invention is to provide a hand-held drive device for pressing devices, in which the reliability is improved. It is another object of the invention to provide a corresponding method for controlling a hand-held drive device for pressing devices.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß durch eine handführbare Antriebseinrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 bzw. ein Verfahren zum Steuern einer handführbaren Antriebseinrichtung gemäß Anspruch 10.The object is achieved according to the invention by a handleable drive device according to claim 1 or a method for controlling a handleable drive device according to claim 10.

Erfindungsgemäß weist die handführbare Antriebseinrichtung für Pressgeräte die Merkmale entsprechend dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 auf.According to the invention, the manageable drive device for pressing devices on the features according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Am Ende des Pressvorgangs wird eine Plausibilitätsprüfung volgenommen. Der Pressvorgang wird im Rahmen einer ersten Kontrolle beendet, wenn das Überdruckventil öffnet und damit ein vorgegebener Druck, der zu dem Pressdruck korreliert, aufgebaut ist. Im Rahmen der Plausibilitätsprüfung wird zusätzlich überprüft, ob die erfassten Daten bestätigen, dass auch der Antriebsmotor sich in einem Betriebszustand befindet, der einem erfolgreichen Pressvorgang entspricht. Einer Bedienungsperson wird dann angezeigt, ob der Pressvorgang ordnungsgemäß abgelaufen ist oder nicht.At the end of the pressing process, a plausibility check is carried out. The pressing process is terminated in a first control, when the pressure relief valve opens and thus a predetermined pressure, which correlates to the pressing pressure, is constructed. As part of the plausibility check, it is also checked whether the recorded data confirms that the drive motor is also in an operating condition that corresponds to a successful pressing process. An operator is then informed whether or not the pressing operation has been completed properly.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass der Istwertaufnehmer zur Erfassung der Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors ausgebildet ist und in der Auswerteeinrichtung wenigstens ein Soll-Lastdreh-zahlbereich gespeichert ist, in dem die Lastdrehzahl des Antriebsmotors bei Erreichen des Abschaltdruckes liegen soll. Mit anderen Worten wird als Kennwert die Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors zum Zeitpunkt des Öffnens des Überdruckventils überwacht.According to the invention it is provided that the Istwertaufnehmer is designed to detect the rotational speed of the drive motor and in the evaluation at least one target load speed range is stored, in which the load speed of the drive motor should be on reaching the cut-off. In other words, the speed of the drive motor at the time of opening the pressure relief valve is monitored as the characteristic value.

Die Drehzahl korreliert zu der Presskraft in direkter Weise, wobei eine hohe Drehzahl gleich bedeutend zu einer niedrigen Last, und eine niedrige Drehzahl indikativ für eine hohe Last ist. Somit lässt sich eine Soll-Lastdrehzahl definieren, die für das Erreichen einer vorgeschriebenen Presskraft unterschritten werden muss. Das Unterschreiten dieser vordefinierten Soll-Lastdrehzahl bedeutet, dass die erforderlichen Presskraft erreicht wurde.The rotational speed correlates directly with the pressing force, with a high speed equal to a low load and a low speed indicative of a high load. Thus, a target load speed can be defined, which must be undercut for reaching a prescribed pressing force. Falling below this predefined target load speed means that the required pressing force has been achieved.

Grundsätzlich kann es ausreichend sein, nur eine Soll- Lastdrehzahl zu definieren, die unterschritten werden muss, um hieraus auf einen positiven Verlauf des Pressvorgangs zu schließen, In diesem Fall bildet die Soll-Lastdrehzahl die obere Grenze eines nach unten offenen SollLastdrehzahlbereiches, der in der Auswerteeinrichtung gespeichert ist. Zusätzlich kann auch eine untere Grenze für den zulässigen Soll-Lastdrehzahlbereich definiert werden, um auf diese Weise Überschreitungen der zulässigen Presskraft zu erkennen. Wenn die Motordrehzahl nach dem Öffnen des Überdruckventils in dem vorgegebenen Soll-Lastdrehzahlbereich liegt, erhält die Bedienungsperson eine Rückmeldung, dass der Pressvorgang erfolgreich abgeschlossen wurde. Hierzu kann eine beispielsweise eine akustische und/oder optische Signaleinrichtung vorgesehen sein.In principle, it may be sufficient to define only one target load speed which must be undershot in order to conclude from this a positive course of the pressing operation. In this case, the setpoint load speed forms the upper limit of a downwardly open setpoint load speed range, which in the Evaluation device is stored. In addition, a lower limit for the permissible target load speed range can also be defined in order to detect overshoots of the permissible pressing force in this way. When the engine speed is within the predetermined target load speed range after opening the relief valve, the operator receives feedback that the pressing operation has been completed successfully. For this purpose, for example, be provided an acoustic and / or optical signaling device.

Abhängig vom Ladezustand der Akkus oder von der Spannungslage des Stromnetzes sowie dem Motorzustand und der Umgebungstemperatur kann es zu stark unterschiedlichen Motordrehzahlen im Leerlauf und entsprechend auch unter Last kommen. Um diese Schwankungen auszugleichen, ist gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Auswerteeinrichtung vor dem Beginn einer Verpressung die Leerlaufdrehzahl erfasst und in Abhängigkeit der gemessenen Leerlaufdrehzahl den Soll-Lastdrehzahlbereich vorgibt. Es wird also zunächst die Leerlaufdrehzahl gemessen. Dies ist die Drehzahl, mit der das Pressgerät unbelastet an einen Fitting heranfährt. Ist die Leerlaufdrehzahl gering, so wird auch die Lastdrehzahl beim Öffnen des Überdruckventils geringer sein, und ist in umgekehrter Weise die Leerlaufdrehzahl hoch, so wird auch die Lastdrehzahl höher liegen. Entsprechend wird in Abhängigkeit von der vor dem Pressvorgang gemessenen Leerlaufdrehzahl der Soll-Lastdrehzahlbereich vorgegeben. Dieser kann empirisch ermittelt sein.Depending on the state of charge of the batteries or the voltage level of the power supply as well as the engine condition and the ambient temperature, it can lead to greatly different idling engine speeds and accordingly also come under load. To compensate for these fluctuations, it is provided according to the invention that the evaluation device detects the idling speed before the beginning of a compression and predetermines the target load speed range as a function of the measured idling speed. It is therefore initially measured the idle speed. This is the speed with which the press unit moves without load to a fitting. If the idle speed is low, so will the load speed when opening the pressure relief valve will be lower, and in reverse, the idle speed is high, so the load speed will be higher. Accordingly, the target load speed range is predetermined as a function of the idle speed measured before the pressing process. This can be determined empirically.

In an sich bekannter Weise kann die Antriebseinrichtung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Steuereinrichtung zur Beeinflussung des Antriebsmotors aufweisen, wobei die Auswerteeinrichtung an die Steuereinrichtung angeschlossen ist oder einen Teil von dieser bildet. Die Steuereinrichtung ist dabei in bevorzugter Weise so ausgebildet, dass sie den Antriebsmotor in Abhängigkeit von dem Ist- wert, welcher durch den Istwerteaufnehmer erfasst wird, steuert. Insbesondere kann die Steuereinrichtung den Antriebsmotor abschalten, wenn die Auswerteeinrichtung nach dem Öffnen des Überdruckventils einen Anstieg der durch den Istwerteaufnehmer erfassten Ist-Drehzahl feststellt.In a manner known per se, the drive device according to the present invention can have a control device for influencing the drive motor, wherein the evaluation device is connected to the control device or forms part of it. The control device is preferably designed so that it controls the drive motor in dependence on the actual value, which is detected by the Istwerteaufnehmer. In particular, the control device can switch off the drive motor if the evaluation device detects an increase in the actual rotational speed detected by the actual value pickup after opening the pressure relief valve.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Istwertaufnehmer einen an der Ausgangswelle des Antriebsmotors oder an anderer Stelle des Antriebsstranges gehaltenen Signalgeber, über dessen Umfang insbesondere in gleichen oder ungleichen Abständen verteilt Kontaktgeber angeordnet sind, und einen gerätefesten Sensor, der die von den Kontaktgebern ausgehende Kontakte erfasst und entsprechende Signale an die Steuereinrichtung abgibt, aufweist, wobei die Steuereinrichtung aus den erfassten Signalen die Ist-Drehzahl ermittelt. Zweckmäßigerweise kann in diesem Fall der Drehzahlgeber an seinem Umfang einen Magnet oder mehrere Magneten als Kontaktgeber tragen und der Sensor die von den Magneten ausgehenden Magnetfelder erfasst und entsprechende Signale an die Steuereinrichtung abgeben. Optische Kontaktgeber sind auch möglich.In a further embodiment it can be provided that the Istwertaufnehmer a held on the output shaft of the drive motor or elsewhere in the drive train signal generator, distributed over the circumference, in particular at equal or unequal intervals contactors, and a device-fixed sensor, which emanates from the contactors Detects contacts and outputs corresponding signals to the control device has, wherein the control device determines the actual speed from the detected signals. Appropriately, in this case, the speed sensor carry at its periphery a magnet or more magnets as a contactor and the sensor detects the emanating from the magnet magnetic fields and emit appropriate signals to the controller. Optical contactors are also possible.

Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung erhält der Drehzahlsensor von den an der Ausgangswelle des Antriebsmotors oder an anderer Stelle des Antriebsstranges angebrachten Magneten pro Motorraumdrehung jeweils einen oder mehrere Impulse, die gezählt werden. Aufgrund der bauartbedingten pulsierenden Belastung einer hydraulischen Kolbenpumpe kann eine Glättung des Drehzahlverlaufs notwendig sein. Diese geschieht rechnerisch und ist abhängig von dem Aufbau der Pumpe und der Getriebeübersetzung. Ein Vorteil dieses Verfahrens liegt darin, dass nur die Impulse gezählt und aus der Anzahl der Impulse die Drehzahl errechnet wird. Ein AD-Wandler wie bei Strom- oder Spannungsmessungen ist hier nicht erforderlich, was die Auswertung einfach macht.In this embodiment of the invention, the speed sensor receives one or more pulses from the magnets attached to the output shaft of the drive motor or elsewhere in the drive train per engine compartment rotation, which are counted. Due to the design-related pulsating load of a hydraulic piston pump, a smoothing of the speed curve may be necessary. This is done by calculation and is dependent on the structure of the pump and the gear ratio. An advantage of this method is that only counts the pulses and the speed is calculated from the number of pulses. An AD converter as in current or voltage measurements is not required here, which makes the evaluation easy.

Der Hydraulikmotor kann in an sich bekannter Weise als Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit mit einem Hydraulikzylinder und einem Hydraulikkolben ausgebildet sein. In diesem Fall hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, dass das Überdruckventil in dem Hydraulikkolben und/oder in einer Kolbenstange des Hydraulikkolbens angeordnet ist (vgl. DE 203 03 877 UI und DE 20 2004 000 215 U1 ). Dabei kann auch zusätzlich ein Steuerventil vorgesehen sein, wie es der DE 20 2004 000 215 Ui zu entnehmen ist.The hydraulic motor can be designed in a manner known per se as a piston-cylinder unit with a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic piston. In this case, it has proved to be advantageous that the pressure relief valve in the hydraulic piston and / or in a piston rod of the hydraulic piston is arranged (see. DE 203 03 877 UI and DE 20 2004 000 215 U1 ). In this case, a control valve may also be provided in addition, as it DE 20 2004 000 215 Ui can be seen.

Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Steuern einer handführbaren Antriebseinrichtung für ein Pressgerät, wobei das Verfahren vorzugsweise mit der vorstehend beschriebenen Antriebseinrichtung durchgeführt wird.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling a hand-held drive device for a pressing device, wherein the method is preferably carried out with the drive device described above.

Gemäß des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zur Durchführung eines Pressvorgangs eine Hydraulikpumpe über ein Hydrauliksystem mit Hydraulikmotor von einem Antriebsmotor, bei dem es sich insbesondere um einen Elektromotor handelt, angetrieben. Bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Abschaltdrucks im Hydraulikmotor wird ein Überdruckventil geöffnet, so dass das Hydraulikmedium insbesondere in ein Hydraulikreservoir zurückgeführt wird.According to the method according to the invention, a hydraulic pump via a hydraulic system with to carry out a pressing operation Hydraulic motor of a drive motor, which is in particular an electric motor driven. Upon reaching a certain cut-off pressure in the hydraulic motor, a pressure relief valve is opened, so that the hydraulic medium is in particular returned to a hydraulic reservoir.

Ferner wird mit Hilfe eines Istwertaufnehmers erfindungsgemäß eine physikalische Größe erfasst, welche mit dem Verpressungswiderstand korreliert und dem Antriebsmotor zugeordnet ist. Die erste physikalische Größe wird mit wenigstens einem vorgegebenen Sollwertbereich verglichen. Hierbei definiert der Sollwertbereich den Istwert der physikalischen Größe, in dem dieser bei Erreichen des Abschaltdrucks liegen soll. Ferner wird angezeigt, ob der Istwert in dem vorgegebenen Sollwertbereich liegt.Furthermore, with the aid of an actual value sensor, a physical quantity is detected according to the invention, which is correlated with the compression resistance and assigned to the drive motor. The first physical quantity is compared with at least one predetermined setpoint range. In this case, the setpoint range defines the actual value of the physical variable in which it should lie when the cutoff pressure is reached. It also indicates whether the actual value lies within the specified setpoint range.

Der Istwertaufnehmer erfasst eine Ist-Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors, wobei der Antriebsmotor vorzugsweise mittels einer Steuereinrichtung in Abhängigkeit der erfassten Ist-Drehzahl beim Erreichen des Abschaltdrucks gesteuert wird.The actual value sensor detects an actual rotational speed of the drive motor, wherein the drive motor is preferably controlled by means of a control device as a function of the detected actual rotational speed upon reaching the cut-off pressure.

In bevorzugter Ausführungsform wird in einer Auswerteeinrichtung die nach dem Öffnen des Überdruckventils erfasste Ist-Drehzahl mit einem gespeicherten Soll-Drehzahlbereich verglichen. Durch einen derartigen Vergleich kann im Rahmen der Plausibilitätsprüfung sichergestellt werden, dass eine ordnungsgemäße Verpressung durchgeführt wurde, wenn die erfasste Ist-Drehzahl sich in dem Soll-Drehzahlbereich befindet. Vorzugsweise kann mittels einer Signaleinrichtung angezeigt werden, ob die Ist-Drehzahl innerhalb des gespeicherten Soll-Drehzahlbereichs liegt und somit eine ordnungsgemäße Verpressung durchgeführt wurde.In a preferred embodiment, the detected after opening the pressure relief valve actual speed is compared with a stored target speed range in an evaluation. By means of such a comparison, it can be ensured in the context of the plausibility check that a correct compression has been carried out when the detected actual rotational speed is within the desired rotational speed range. Preferably, it can be displayed by means of a signaling device, whether the actual speed is within the stored target speed range and thus a proper compression was performed.

Wie vorstehend anhand der Antriebseinrichtung erläutert, wird vor Beginn der Verpressung die Leerlaufdrehzahl des Antriebsmotors erfasst und sodann in Abhängigkeit der gemessenen Leerlaufdrehzahl der Soll-Drehzahlbereich vorgegeben.As explained above with reference to the drive device, the. Before the beginning of the compression Idle speed of the drive motor detected and then specified depending on the measured idle speed of the target speed range.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Pressgerät zum Verpressen von Pressfittings,
Figur 2
den Ausschnitt X aus Figur 1 in vergrößerter Ansicht,
Figur 3
einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt des Mittelbereichs des Pressgerätes aus Figur 1 in einer Ebene, die um die Achse des Pressgerätes um 90° versetzt ist, und
Figur 4
ein Diagramm, das einen möglichen Drehzahlverlauf während eines Pressvorgangs darstellt.
In the drawing, the invention with reference to an embodiment is illustrated in more detail. Show it:
FIG. 1
a longitudinal section through the pressing device according to the invention for pressing press fittings,
FIG. 2
the cutout X out FIG. 1 in an enlarged view,
FIG. 3
an enlarged section of the central region of the pressing device FIG. 1 in a plane which is offset by 90 ° about the axis of the pressing device, and
FIG. 4
a diagram showing a possible speed curve during a pressing process.

Das dargestellte Pressgerät 1 weist eine langgestreckte Antriebseinheit 2 auf, an deren einem Ende ein Presswerkzeug 3 angekuppelt ist, das für die Verpressung von Pressfittings geeignet ist, die der Verbindung von Rohrenden dienen.The illustrated pressing apparatus 1 has an elongated drive unit 2, at one end of which a pressing tool 3 is coupled, which is suitable for the compression of press fittings, which serve to connect pipe ends.

Die Antriebseinheit 2 hat an dem dem Presswerkzeug 3 gegenüberliegenden Ende einen Antriebsmotor 4, dessen Ausgangswelle 5 mit einer Pumpenwelle 6 einer insgesamt mit 7 bezeichneten Hydraulikpumpe gekoppelt ist. Die Pumpenwelle 6 ist in der Hydraulikpumpe 7 in zwei Lagern 8, 9 geführt und hat zwischen den beiden Lagern einen Exenter 10, der über ein Nadellager 11 auf einen radial verschieblich geführten Pumpenkolben 12 wirkt. Bei angetriebener Pumpenwelle 6 wird der Pumpenkolben 12 radial hin- und herbewegt.The drive unit 2 has, at the end opposite the pressing tool 3, a drive motor 4 whose output shaft 5 is coupled to a pump shaft 6 of a hydraulic pump designated as a whole by 7. The pump shaft 6 is guided in the hydraulic pump 7 in two bearings 8, 9 and has between the two bearings an eccentric 10 which acts via a needle bearing 11 on a radially displaceably guided pump piston 12. When the pump shaft 6 is driven, the pump piston 12 is moved radially back and forth.

Das Gehäuse der Hydraulikpumpe 7 ist außenseitig von einem elastomeren Schlauch 13 umgeben, der zwischen sich und der Außenseite der Hydraulikpumpe 7 ein Hydraulikreservoir 14 flüssigkeitsdicht einschließt. Hierzu fassen die Enden des Schlauchs 13 in Nuten 15, 16 ein und werden dort von außen durch übergeschobene Fixierringe 17, 18 in Position gehalten.The housing of the hydraulic pump 7 is surrounded on the outside by an elastomeric hose 13 which encloses a hydraulic reservoir 14 between them and the outside of the hydraulic pump 7 in a liquid-tight manner. For this purpose, the ends of the tube 13 engage in grooves 15, 16 and are held there from the outside by pushed-over fixing rings 17, 18 in position.

Die Hydraulikpumpe 7 ist in axialer Richtung auf der dem Elektromotor 4 abgewandten Seite an einen Hydraulikmotor in Form einer Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 angeflanscht. Die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19 weist einen Hydraulikzylinder 20 auf, der hydraulikpumpenseitig mit einer Endplatte 21 verschlossen ist. In dem Hydraulikzylinder 20 ist ein Hydraulikkolben 22 verschieblich geführt. Er teilt den Innenraum des Hydraulikzylinders 20 in einen endplattenseitigen Druckraum 23 und einen Rückraum 24 ein.The hydraulic pump 7 is flanged in the axial direction on the side facing away from the electric motor 4 to a hydraulic motor in the form of a piston-cylinder unit 19. The piston-cylinder unit 19 has a hydraulic cylinder 20 which is closed on the hydraulic pump side with an end plate 21. In the hydraulic cylinder 20, a hydraulic piston 22 is guided displaceably. He divides the interior of the hydraulic cylinder 20 in an end plate-side pressure chamber 23 and a rear space 24 a.

Der Hydraulikkolben 22 sitzt auf einer Kolbenstange 25, die sich auf der der Endplatte 21 abgewandten Seite in Richtung auf das Presswerkzeug 3 erstreckt. Am dortigen Ende des Hydraulikkolbens 22 ist ein hutförmiges Dichtungselement 26 eingesetzt, das innenseitig an der Kolbenstange 25 anliegt und so den Rückraum 24 abdichtet. Das Dichtungselement 26 dient zudem der Abstützung einer die Kolbenstange 25 umgebenden Schraubenfeder 27, die sich anderenends an der dem Druckraum 23 abgewandten Seite des Hydraulikkolbens 22 abstützt. Die Schraubenfeder 27 ist als Druckfeder ausgebildet und folglich bestrebt, den Hydraulikkolben 22 in Richtung auf die Endplatte 21 zu bewegen.The hydraulic piston 22 is seated on a piston rod 25 which extends on the side facing away from the end plate 21 in the direction of the pressing tool 3. At the local end of the hydraulic piston 22, a hat-shaped sealing element 26 is inserted, which rests on the inside of the piston rod 25 and thus seals the rear space 24. The sealing element 26 also serves to support a piston spring 25 surrounding the coil spring 27, which is supported at the other end on the side remote from the pressure chamber 23 of the hydraulic piston 22. The coil spring 27 is formed as a compression spring and consequently endeavors to move the hydraulic piston 22 in the direction of the end plate 21.

Das dem Hydraulikkolben 22 abgewandte Ende der Kolbentsange 25 ist außerhalb des Rückraums 24 mit einer Spreizeinrichtung 28 starr verbunden. Die Spreizeinrichtung 28 weist einen Lagerkörper 29 auf, an dem zwei Spreizrollen 30, 31 quer zur Achse des Pressgerätes 1 nebeneinander und in gegenseitigem Kontakt frei drehbar gelagert sind. An dem rückraumseitigen Ende des Hydraulikzylinders 20 angebracht ist eine Halterung 32, die zwei Kupplungslaschen 33, 34 ausbildet, welche sich in Achsrichtung des Pressgeräts 1 erstrecken. Die Kupplungslaschen 33, 34 haben einen solchen Abstand zueinander, dass sich die Spreizeinrichtung 28 zwischen ihnen bewegen kann. An den Enden der Kupplungslaschen 33, 34 sind endseitig Kupplungsbohrungen vorgesehen, die sich quer zur Längsachse des Pressgerätes 1 erstrecken und miteinander fluchten. In den Bereich dieser Kupplungsbohrungen und zwischen die Kupplungslaschen 33, 34 hinein fassen in an sich bekannter Weise (vgl. beispielsweise Figur 1 der EP 1 157 786 A2 oder Figur 1 der DE 20 2004 000 215 U1 ) zwei zueinander parallele Presswerkzeuglaschen ein, von denen in Figur 1 nur die hinten liegende Presswerkzeuglasche 35 zu sehen ist. Beide Presswerkzeuglaschen 35 haben ebenfalls Kupplungsbohrungen, die miteinander fluchten und die gleichen Durchmesser haben wie die Kupplungsbohrungen in den Kupplungslaschen 33, 34. Über diese Kupplungsbohrung wird die Verbindung zwischen den Kupplungslaschen 33, 34 und damit der Antriebseinheit 2 durch einen Kupplungsbolzen 36 hergestellt, der durch alle vier Kupplungsbohrungen hindurchgesteckt und zwecks seiner Lagefixierung verriegelt ist. Auf diese Weise ist das Presswerkzeug 3 mit der Antriebseinheit 2 gelenkig verbunden.The hydraulic piston 22 remote from the end of the Kolbentsange 25 is rigidly connected outside of the rear space 24 with a spreader 28. The spreader 28 has a bearing body 29, are mounted on the two spreader rollers 30, 31 transversely to the axis of the pressing device 1 side by side and freely rotatable in mutual contact. Attached to the rear space-side end of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is a holder 32, the two Clutch plates 33, 34 forms, which extend in the axial direction of the pressing device 1. The coupling tabs 33, 34 have such a distance from each other that the spreader 28 can move between them. At the ends of the coupling tabs 33, 34 end coupling bores are provided which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pressing device 1 and are aligned. In the area of these coupling bores and between the coupling tabs 33, 34 in a manner known per se (cf., for example FIG. 1 of the EP 1 157 786 A2 or FIG. 1 of the DE 20 2004 000 215 U1 ) two mutually parallel pressing tool tabs, of which in FIG. 1 only the rear pressing tool tab 35 can be seen. Both press tool tabs 35 also have coupling holes that are aligned with each other and have the same diameter as the coupling holes in the coupling tabs 33, 34. About this coupling hole, the connection between the coupling tabs 33, 34 and thus the drive unit 2 is made by a coupling pin 36 through passed through all four coupling holes and locked for the purpose of its positional fixation. In this way, the pressing tool 3 is pivotally connected to the drive unit 2.

Die Presswerkzeuglaschen 35 sind identisch ausgebildet sowie deckungsgleich und beabstandet angeordnet. Sie sind über zwei Gelenkbolzen 37, 38 miteinander verbunden. In dem Zwischenraum zwischen den Presswerkzeuglaschen 35 sind auf den Gelenkbolzen 37, 38 spiegelbildlich ausgebildete Pressbackenhebel 39, 40 schwenkbar gelagert. Die Pressbackenhebel 39, 40 bilden an ihren äußeren Enden halbkreisförmige Pressbacken 41, 42 aus, die in dem dargestellten, geschlossenen Zustand des Presswerkzeuges 3 einen Pressraum 43 einschließen. Eine Druckfeder 44 sorgt dafür, dass die Pressbackenhebel 39, 40 im Ruhezustand die dargestellte geschlossene Endpressstellung einnehmen. An den gegenüberliegenden Enden bilden die Pressbackenhebel 39, 40 Antriebsflächen 45, 46 aus, die beim Pressvorgang mit den Zylinderflächen der Spreizrollen 30, 31 zusammenwirken.The press tool flaps 35 are of identical construction and are arranged congruently and at a distance. They are connected to each other via two hinge pins 37, 38. In the intermediate space between the press tool tabs 35, mirror-shaped press jaw levers 39, 40 are mounted pivotably on the hinge pins 37, 38. The pressing jaw levers 39, 40 form semicircular pressing jaws 41, 42 at their outer ends, which in the illustrated, closed state of the pressing tool 3 enclose a pressing space 43. A compression spring 44 ensures that the pressing jaw lever 39, 40 take the illustrated closed final pressing position in the idle state. At the opposite ends, the pressing jaw levers 39, 40 form drive surfaces 45, 46, which interact with the cylindrical surfaces of the spreading rollers 30, 31 during the pressing process.

Die Hydraulikpumpe 7, d.h. deren durch den Pumpenkolben 12 begrenzte Druckraum hat über hier nicht dargestellte Hydraulikkanäle einerseits Verbindung zu dem Hydraulikreservoir 14 und andererseits zu dem Druckraum 23 in der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 19. Ein Rückschlagventil in der Hydraulikleitung zu dem Hydraulikreservoir 14 sorgt dafür, dass der Pumpenkolben 12 bei Bewegung in einer Richtung Hydrauliköl aus dem Hydraulikreservoir 14 ansaugt und bei Bewegung in der anderen Richtung das angesaugte Hydrauliköl in den Druckraum 23 befördert. Hierdurch werden der Hydraulikkolben 22 und damit auch die Kolbenstange 25 und die damit verbundene Spreizeinrichtung 28 in Richtung auf das Presswerkzeug 3 bewegt.The hydraulic pump 7, i. their limited by the pump piston 12 pressure chamber has not shown here hydraulic channels on the one hand connection to the hydraulic reservoir 14 and the other to the pressure chamber 23 in the piston-cylinder unit 19. A check valve in the hydraulic line to the hydraulic reservoir 14 ensures that the pump piston 12th Upon movement in one direction, hydraulic oil sucks from the hydraulic reservoir 14 and, when moved in the other direction, conveys the sucked-in hydraulic oil into the pressure chamber 23. As a result, the hydraulic piston 22 and thus also the piston rod 25 and the spreader 28 connected thereto are moved in the direction of the pressing tool 3.

Im Bereich der Verbindung von Hydraulikkolben 22 und Kolbenstange 25 ist ein Überdruckventil 47 in Form eines Nadelventils ausgebildet. Hierzu weist der Hydraulikkolben 22 eine zum Druckraum 23 offene Ventilöffnung 48 auf, die innenseitig als Ventilsitz für einen Ventilkörper 49 dient. Dieser ist in Richtung auf die Ventilöffnung 48 mittels einer die Rückseite des Ventilkörpers 49 beaufschlagenden Druckfeder 50 belastet. Die Druckfeder 50 ist so ausgelegt, dass sie ein Abheben des Ventilkörpers 49 erst bei einem bestimmten Abschaltdruck im Druchraum 23 zulässt. Der Ventilkörper 49 begrenzt einen Ventilraum 51, der über einen hier nicht dargestellten Hydraulikkanal Verbindung zu dem Rückraum 24 hat. Dieser wiederum ist über einen ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Hydraulikkanal mit dem Hydraulikreservoir 14 verbunden. Sämtliche vorbeschriebenen Hydraulikkanäle bilden insgesamt ein Hydrauliksystem.In the region of the connection of hydraulic piston 22 and piston rod 25, a pressure relief valve 47 is formed in the form of a needle valve. For this purpose, the hydraulic piston 22 has a pressure opening 23 open valve opening 48, which serves as a valve seat for a valve body 49 on the inside. This is loaded in the direction of the valve opening 48 by means of a pressure acting on the rear side of the valve body 49 compression spring 50. The compression spring 50 is designed so that it allows a lifting of the valve body 49 only at a certain cut-off pressure in the Druchraum 23. The valve body 49 defines a valve chamber 51, which has a connection to the rear space 24 via a hydraulic channel, not shown here. This in turn is connected via a hydraulic channel, also not shown, with the hydraulic reservoir 14. All above-described hydraulic channels form a total of a hydraulic system.

Wie nur aus Figur 3 zu ersehen ist, befindet sich in dem Gehäuse der Hydraulikpumpe 7 ein Notfallventil 52, das ebenfalls als Nadelventil ausgebildet ist. Es hat über einen Verbindungskanal 53 direkte Verbindung zu dem Druckraum 23. Der Verbindungskanal 53 verengt sich in einen Ventilsitzeinsatz 54, der innenseitig einen Ventilsitz ausbildet, an dem eine Ventilnadel 55 abdichtend anliegt. Dazu ist die Ventilnadel 55 mit einer Druckfeder 56 belastet. Diese Druckfeder 56 ist so ausgelegt, dass sich die Ventilnadel 55 nur dann von dem Ventilsitzeinsatz 54 abhebt und somit das Notfallventil 52 öffnet, wenn der Druck im Druckraum 23 einen Wert erreicht hat, der zumindest gleich dem Abschaltdruck ist, bei dem das Überdruckventil 47 bei normaler Funktion öffnet, aber auch darüber liegen kann. Der Ventilraum des Notfallventils 52 hat über einen hier nicht dargestellten Kanal Verbindung zu dem Hydraulikreservoir 14, so dass die im Druckraum 23 befindliche Hydraulikflüssigkeit beim Öffnen des Notfallventils 50 in das Hydraulikreservoir 14 abfließen kann.How only out FIG. 3 can be seen, is located in the housing of the hydraulic pump 7, an emergency valve 52, which is also designed as a needle valve. It has a connecting channel 53 direct connection to the pressure chamber 23. The connecting channel 53 narrows into a valve seat insert 54, which forms a valve seat on the inside, on which a valve needle 55 sealingly abuts. For this purpose, the valve needle 55 with a Compressed spring 56 loaded. This compression spring 56 is designed so that the valve needle 55 only lifts off from the valve seat insert 54 and thus the emergency valve 52 opens when the pressure in the pressure chamber 23 has reached a value which is at least equal to the cut-off, at which the pressure relief valve 47 at normal function opens, but can also lie about it. The valve chamber of the emergency valve 52 has a channel, not shown here, connection to the hydraulic reservoir 14, so that the hydraulic fluid in the pressure chamber 23 can flow into the hydraulic reservoir 14 when opening the emergency valve 50.

Im hinteren Bereich der Ventilnadel 55 ist eine Handbetätigungseinrichtung 57 vorgesehen, mit deren Hilfe es möglich ist, durch Einwirkung von außen eine Öffnung des Notfallventils 52 zu bewirken. Die Handbetätigungseinrichtung 57 hat hierzu einen Betätigungsstößel 58, der quer zur axialen Erstreckung der Ventilnadel 55 verschieblich geführt ist und innerhalb des Hydraulikreservoirs 14 nahe des Schlauchs 13 endet. Über eine Druckfeder 59 wird er in der gezeigten Ausgangsstellung gehalten. Ein den Betätigungsstößel 58 durchsetzender Querbolzen 60 verhindert eine Verdrehung des Betätigungsstößels 58 und bildet einen Anschlag für die Ausgangsstellung. Am ventilnadelseitigen Ende wird der Betätigungsstößel 58 von der Ventilnadel 55 durchsetzt und bildet dort eine Schrägfläche 61 aus, an der eine Anlagefläche 62 der Ventilnadel 55 anliegt. Aufgrund dieser Kopplung wird die Ventilnadel 55 von dem Ventilsitzeinsatz 54 gegen die Wirkung der Druckfeder 56 abgehoben, wenn der Betätigungsstößel 58 durch Druckausübung auf den Schlauch 13 in Richtung auf die Ventilnadel 55 verschoben wird. Unabhängig davon lässt die Kopplung zwischen Betätigungsstößel 58 und Ventilnadel 55 zu, dass die Ventilnadel 55 sich in Öffnungsrichtung frei bewegen kann, so das der Betätigungsstößel 58 keinen Einfluss auf das automatische Öffnungsverhalten des Notfallventils 52 hat.In the rear region of the valve needle 55, a manual override device 57 is provided, with the aid of which it is possible to effect an opening of the emergency valve 52 by external action. For this purpose, the manual actuation device 57 has an actuation tappet 58, which is displaceably guided transversely to the axial extension of the valve needle 55 and ends near the tube 13 within the hydraulic reservoir 14. About a compression spring 59, it is held in the starting position shown. A transverse pin 60 passing through the actuating tappet 58 prevents rotation of the actuating tappet 58 and forms a stop for the starting position. At the valve needle end of the actuating plunger 58 is penetrated by the valve needle 55 and forms there an inclined surface 61, against which a contact surface 62 of the valve needle 55 is applied. Due to this coupling, the valve needle 55 is lifted from the valve seat insert 54 against the action of the compression spring 56 when the actuating plunger 58 is moved by applying pressure to the hose 13 in the direction of the valve needle 55. Independently of this, the coupling between actuation tappet 58 and valve needle 55 allows the valve needle 55 to move freely in the opening direction, so that the actuation tappet 58 has no influence on the automatic opening behavior of the emergency valve 52.

Wie in Figur 2 erkennbar ist, trägt die Ausgangswelle 5 einen Drehzahlgeber 63, über dessen Umfang in gleichen oder ungleichen Abständen Magnete 64 verteilt sind. Dem Drehzahlgeber 63 gegenüber ist drehfest ein Drehzahlsensor 65 angeordnet, der die von dem Magneten 64 ausgehenden Magnetfelder zu Erfassen in der Lage ist und entsprechende Signale an eine hier nicht näher dargestellte Steuereinrichtung abgibt. Die Signale werden dort gezählt, wobei aus der festgestellten Anzahl die Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors 4 ermittelt wird. Die Steuereinrichtung dient dazu, den Pressverlauf über den Antriebsmotor zu steuern, wie dies grundsätzlich aus der EP 0 860 220 bekannt ist. Die Steuereinrichtung führt am Ende eines Pressvorgangs zusätzlich eine Plausibilitätsprüfung durch, um festzustellen, ob ein Pressvorgang erfolgreich durchgeführt wurde. Konkret wird überprüft, ob eine nach dem Öffnen des Überdruckventils 47 gemessene Ist-Lastdrehzahl des Antriebsmotors 4 in einem vorgegebenen Soll-Drehzahlbereich liegt. Die obere Grenze des Soll-Drehzahlbereichs legt dabei die Drehzahl fest, die unterschritten werden muss, um sicherzustellen, dass eine vorgegebene Presskraft erreicht wurde. Demgegenüber ist die untere Grenze für den zulässigen Soll-Lastdrehzahlbereich definiert, um Überschreitungen der zulässigen Presskraft erkennen zu können. Wenn die Motordrehzahl beim Öffnen des Überdruckventils 47 in dem vorgegebenen Soll-Drehzahlbereich liegt, erhält die Bedienungsperson eine Rückmeldung, dass der Pressvorgang erfolgreich abgeschlossen wurde. Hierzu kann beispielsweise eine akustische oder optische Signaleinrichtung vorgesehen sein.As in FIG. 2 can be seen, the output shaft 5 carries a speed sensor 63, on the circumference of the same or unequal distances magnets 64 are distributed. The speed sensor 63 opposite is rotationally fixed Speed sensor 65 is arranged, which is capable of detecting the outgoing magnetic fields from the magnet 64 and emits corresponding signals to a control device not shown here. The signals are counted there, the speed of the drive motor 4 being determined from the number determined. The control device serves to control the course of the press via the drive motor, as is fundamentally understood from US Pat EP 0 860 220 is known. The control device additionally carries out a plausibility check at the end of a pressing operation in order to determine whether a pressing operation has been carried out successfully. Specifically, it is checked whether a measured after opening the pressure relief valve 47 actual load speed of the drive motor 4 is in a predetermined target speed range. The upper limit of the target speed range determines the speed that must be fallen below to ensure that a predetermined pressing force has been reached. In contrast, the lower limit for the allowable target load speed range is defined in order to detect overshoots of the permissible pressing force. When the engine speed when opening the relief valve 47 is in the predetermined target speed range, the operator receives a response that the pressing operation has been completed successfully. For this purpose, for example, an acoustic or optical signaling device may be provided.

In Abhängigkeit von dem Ladezustand der Akkus oder von der Spannungslage des Stromnetzes sowie dem Motorzustand und der Umgebungstemperatur kann es zu stark unterschiedlichen Motordrehzahlen im Leerlauf und entsprechend auch unter Last kommen. Um diese Schwankungen auszugleichen, ist vorgesehen, dass die Steuereinrichtung vor Beginn einer Verpressung die Leerlaufdrehzahl erfasst und in Abhängigkeit der gemessenen Leerlaufdrehzahl den SollLastdrehzahlbereich vorgibt. Ist die ermittelte Leerlaufdrehzahl gering, so wird auch die Lastdrehzahl beim Öffnen des Überdruckventils geringer sein, und ist in umgekehrter Weise die Leerlaufdrehzahl hoch, so wird auch die Lastdrehzahl höher liegen. Entsprechend wird in Abhängigkeit von der vor dem Pressvorgang gemessenen Leerlaufdrehzahl der Soll-Lastdrehzahlbereich vorgegeben. Dieser kann beispielsweise empirisch ermittelt, und in der Steuereinrichtung abgespeichert sein.Depending on the state of charge of the batteries or the voltage level of the power network and the engine condition and the ambient temperature can lead to very different engine speeds at idle and correspondingly under load. To compensate for these fluctuations, it is provided that the control device detects the idling speed before the beginning of a compression and predetermines the target load speed range as a function of the measured idling speed. If the determined idle speed is low, so will the load speed when opening the pressure relief valve will be lower, and in the reverse manner, the idle speed is high, so the load speed will be higher. Accordingly, depending on the before the pressing process measured idle speed of the target load speed range specified. This can be determined empirically, for example, and stored in the control device.

Für einen Pressvorgang wird das Pressgerät 1 an das Pressfitting angesetzt, nachdem zuvor die beiden Pressbackenhebel 39, 40 von Hand an den der Spreizeinrichtung 28 benachbarten Enden gegen die Wirkung der Druckfeder 44 zusammengedrückt und damit die Pressbacken 44 voneinander so entfernt werden, dass sich endseitig eine maulartige Öffnung ergibt. Das Presswerkzeug 3 kann dann radial an die vorgesehene Stelle des Pressfittings angesetzt werden, wobei die Pressbacken 41, 42 zunächst geöffnet zur Anlage am Pressfitting kommen und demgemäß die Antriebsflächen 45, 46 einander angenähert sind.For a pressing operation, the pressing device 1 is attached to the press fitting after previously compressed the two pressing jaw lever 39, 40 by hand to the spreader 28 adjacent ends against the action of the compression spring 44 and thus the pressing jaws 44 are removed from each other so that the end a mouth-like opening results. The pressing tool 3 can then be applied radially to the intended location of the press fitting, wherein the pressing jaws 41, 42 initially come to rest on the press fitting and accordingly the drive surfaces 45, 46 are approximated to each other.

Anschließend wird über einen hier nicht näher dargestellten Schalter der Elektromotor 4 in Gang gesetzt. In diesem Leerlaufbetrieb wird zunächst die Leerlaufdrehzahl erfasst, und in Abhängigkeit von ihr ein Soll-Lastdrehzahlbereich definiert, in welchem die Drehzahl des Elektromotors 4 am Ende eines erfolgreich abgeschlossenen Pressvorgangs liegen muss.Subsequently, the electric motor 4 is set in motion via a switch not shown here. In this idling operation, first the idling speed is detected, and in dependence on it a target load speed range is defined, in which the speed of the electric motor 4 must be at the end of a successfully completed pressing operation.

Durch den Betrieb des Elektromotors 4 saugt die Hydraulikpumpe 7 Hydraulikflüssigkeit aus dem Hydraulikreservoir 14 und fördert sie in den Druckraum 23. Dies führt zu einer Translationsbewegung des Hydraulikkolbens 22 und über die Kolbenstange 25 der Spreizeinrichtung 28 in Richtung auf das Presswerkzeug 3. Dabei kommen die Mantelflächen der Spreizrollen 30, 31 an den Antriebsflächen 45, 46 der Pressbackenhebel 39, 40 zur Anlage und spreizen diese nach und nach auseinander. Dies wiederum hat zur Folge, dass sich die Pressbacken 41, 42 einander annähern und so für eine Verpressung des Pressfittings radial nach innen sorgen. Dies setzt sich solange fort, bis die Pressbacken 41, 42 in gegenseitige Anlage kommen, also ihre Endpressstellung erreichen. Dabei erhöht sich sukzessive der Druck im Druckraum 23. Gleichzeitig sinkt die Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors 4 kontinuierlich ab, wie in der Figur 4 erkennbar ist.By the operation of the electric motor 4, the hydraulic pump 7 sucks hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic reservoir 14 and conveys it into the pressure chamber 23. This leads to a translational movement of the hydraulic piston 22 and via the piston rod 25 of the spreader 28 in the direction of the pressing tool 3. In this case, the lateral surfaces come the spreading rollers 30, 31 on the drive surfaces 45, 46 of the pressing jaw lever 39, 40 for conditioning and spread apart them gradually. This in turn has the consequence that the pressing jaws 41, 42 approach each other and thus ensure a compression of the press fitting radially inward. This continues until the pressing jaws 41, 42 come into mutual contact, so reach their final pressing position. This gradually increases the pressure in the Pressure chamber 23. At the same time the speed of the drive motor 4 decreases continuously, as in the FIG. 4 is recognizable.

Auch nach Erreichen der Entpressstellung steigt der Druck im Druckraum 23 noch solange, bis der vorbestimmte Abschaltdruck erreicht ist, bei dem das Überdruckventil 47 durch Abheben des Ventilkörpers 49 von der Ventilöffnung 48 öffnet. Die zunächst auf den Querschnittventilöffnung 48 begrenzte Druckwirkung erfasst nun schlagartig die gesamte Fläche des wesentlich größeren Ventilkörpers 49, Die Hydraulikflüssigkeit kann jetzt in den Rückraum 24 und von dort in das Hydraulikreservoir 14 fließen.
Die Steuereinrichtung erfasst die Drehzahl des Elektromotors 4 beim Öffnen des Überdruckventils. Wenn die erfasste Drehzahl innerhalb des vorgegebenen SollLastdrehzahlbereiches liegt, wird der Bedienungsperson über die Signaleinrichtung angezeigt, dass der Pressvorgang erfolgreich abgeschlossen wurde.Even after reaching the Entpressstellung the pressure in the pressure chamber 23 still increases until the predetermined cut-off pressure is reached at which the pressure relief valve 47 opens by lifting the valve body 49 of the valve port 48. The initially limited to the cross-sectional valve opening 48 pressure effect now detected abruptly the entire surface of the much larger valve body 49, the hydraulic fluid can now flow into the rear chamber 24 and from there into the hydraulic reservoir 14.
The control device detects the rotational speed of the electric motor 4 when opening the pressure relief valve. If the detected speed is within the predetermined target load speed range, the operator is notified via the signaling device that the pressing operation has been completed successfully.

Danach schaltet die Bedienungsperson den Elektromotor 4 ab, so dass der Hydraulikumlauf unterbrochen wird. Alternativ kann auch eine automatische Abschaltung des Elektromotors 4 erfolgen. Wie in der Figur 4 erkennbar ist, steigt die Drehzahl des Elektromotors 4 nach dem Öffnen des Überdruckventils 47 steil an. Dieser Drehzahlansteig kann von der Steuereinrichtung als Kriterium genutzt werden, um den Elektromotor 4 abzuschalten. Die Schraubenfeder 27 drückt dann den Hydraulikkolben 22 wieder in Richtung auf die Endplatte 21 zurück. Dabei wird in dem Druckraum 23 ein Druck erzeugt, der ausreicht, um das Überdruckventil 47 während der gesamten Rückbewegung des Hydraulikkolbens 22 offen zu halten, bis der Hydraulikkolben 22 die in den Figuren dargestellte Ausgangsstellung wieder erreicht hat. Dann schließt das Überdruckventil 47.Thereafter, the operator turns off the electric motor 4, so that the hydraulic circulation is interrupted. Alternatively, an automatic shutdown of the electric motor 4 can take place. Like in the FIG. 4 can be seen, the rotational speed of the electric motor 4 increases steeply after the opening of the pressure relief valve 47. This speed increase can be used by the control device as a criterion to turn off the electric motor 4. The coil spring 27 then pushes the hydraulic piston 22 back towards the end plate 21. In this case, a pressure is generated in the pressure chamber 23, which is sufficient to keep the pressure relief valve 47 open during the entire return movement of the hydraulic piston 22 until the hydraulic piston 22 has reached the starting position shown in the figures again. Then the pressure relief valve 47 closes.

Claims (13)

  1. Handheld drive device for a press device (1) comprising
    a drive motor (4) comprising a hydraulic pump (7) connected with a hydraulic motor (19) via a hydraulic system,
    the hydraulic motor (19) being connected with a hydraulic tank (14) via said hydraulic system in which at least one pressure relief valve (47) is provided,
    the pressure relief valve (47) being designed such that it opens the connection to the hydraulic tank (14) when a defined cut-off pressure is reached in the hydraulic motor (19),
    an actual value sensor,
    an evaluation means to which the actual value sensor is connected and which stores at least one set value range in which the actual value of the physical quantity should be upon reaching the cut-off pressure,
    the evaluation means comprising a comparison means checking whether the actual value detected by the actual value sensor is within the predetermined set value range, and
    a signaling means for indicating whether the actual value is within the predetermined set value range,
    characterized in that
    the actual value sensor is designed to detect the rotary speed of the drive motor (4), and at least one set load speed range is stored in the evaluation means within which the load speed of the drive motor (4) should be upon reaching the cut-off pressure,
    the evaluation means detecting the idle speed prior to a pressing operation and predetermines the set load speed range as a function of the measured idle speed.
  2. Drive device of claim 1, characterized in that the actual set value sensor comprises a signal transmitter (63) held at output shaft (5) of the drive motor (4), contactors (64) being distributed over the transmitter circumference, in particular at equal or varying intervals, and comprising a sensor (65) fixed to the device that detects the contacts transmitted from the contactors (64) and supplies corresponding signals to a control device, said control device determining the actual rotational speed from the detected signals.
  3. Drive device of claim 2, characterized in that the signal transmitter (63) is configured as a rotational speed sensor and carries a magnet (64) as a contactor on its circumference, and the sensor (65) detects the magnetic fields emanating from the magnet (64) and supplies corresponding signals to the control device.
  4. Drive device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control device is provided for influencing the drive motor (4), and the evaluation means is connected to the control device or is a part of the same.
  5. Drive device of claim 4, characterized in that the control device controls the drive motor (4) depending on the actual value detected by the actual value sensor.
  6. Drive device of claim 5 and one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the control device turns off the drive motor (4) if the evaluation means detects an increase in the actual rotational speed detected by the actual value sensor after the opening of the pressure relief valve (47).
  7. Drive device of one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the drive device (2) comprises a coupling (32) for attaching a pressing tool (3) used to press workpieces, and the hydraulic motor (19) is coupled with an actuation means (28) for actuating the pressing tool (3).
  8. Drive device of one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the hydraulic motor (19) comprises a restoring means (27) returning the hydraulic motor (19) to its initial position after the pressure relief valve (47) has been opened, and thereby conveying hydraulic liquid from the hydraulic motor (19) into the hydraulic tank (14).
  9. Press device comprising a drive device (2) and a pressing tool (3) for pressing workpieces, said pressing tool being coupled with the drive device (2), characterized in that the drive device (2) is designed according to one of claims 1-8.
  10. Method for controlling a handheld drive device for a press device (1), wherein
    for performing a pressing operation, a hydraulic motor (19) is driven by a drive motor (4) through a hydraulic system including a hydraulic pump (7),
    upon reaching a defined cut-off pressure in the hydraulic motor (19), a pressure relief valve (47) is opened,
    an actual value sensor detecting the rotational speed of the drive motor, and an evaluation means storing at least one set load speed range within which the load speed of the drive motor should be upon reaching the cut-off pressure,
    the idle speed being detected prior to the beginning of a pressing operation, and the set load speed range being predetermined as a function of the measured idle speed,
    a comparison is made as to whether the actual value of the rotational speed of the drive motor is within the at least one predefined set value range, and
    it is indicated, whether the actual value is within the predefined set value range.
  11. Method for controlling a handheld drive device for a press device (1) of claim 10, wherein said at least one set value range is stored in an evaluation means that preferably includes a comparison means for checking, whether the actual value detected is within the predefined set value range.
  12. Method for controlling a handheld drive device for a press device (1) of claim 10 or 11, wherein the drive motor (4) is preferably controlled by means of a control device, the control being made depending on the actual value detected.
  13. Method for controlling a handheld drive device for a press device (1) of claim 12, wherein the drive motor (4) is turned off, if, after the opening of the pressure relief valve, an increase is determined in the actual rotational speed detected by the actual speed sensor.
EP20100155961 2009-03-10 2010-03-09 Handheld drive device for a press device and method for controlling a handheld drive device for a press device Active EP2228178B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202009003197U DE202009003197U1 (en) 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 Handleable drive device for a pressing device

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2228178A2 EP2228178A2 (en) 2010-09-15
EP2228178A3 EP2228178A3 (en) 2011-09-28
EP2228178B1 true EP2228178B1 (en) 2012-08-22

Family

ID=42145927

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20100155961 Active EP2228178B1 (en) 2009-03-10 2010-03-09 Handheld drive device for a press device and method for controlling a handheld drive device for a press device

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2228178B1 (en)
DE (1) DE202009003197U1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202009015515U1 (en) 2009-11-17 2011-04-07 Novopress Gmbh Pressen Und Presswerkzeuge & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft Hand-held pressing device
DE202010015365U1 (en) * 2010-11-11 2012-02-15 Novopress Gmbh Pressen Und Presswerkzeuge & Co. Kg tester
EP3643422B8 (en) 2018-10-25 2023-07-26 Emerson Professional Tools AG Pressing device for work pieces

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5125324A (en) 1988-02-10 1992-06-30 Daia Industry Co. Ltd. Portable hydraulically operated device incorporating automatic drain valve
DE29703052U1 (en) 1997-02-21 1997-04-03 Novopress Gmbh Press device for connecting workpieces
US6510719B2 (en) 2000-04-28 2003-01-28 Novartec @ Ag Pressing tool and pressing process for extruding press fittings
DE50111613D1 (en) 2000-05-25 2007-01-25 Arx Ag Pressing tool for the compression of coupling elements
DE10106360C1 (en) 2001-02-12 2002-07-11 Rothenberger Werkzeuge Ag Automatic control method for electro-hydraulic handtool has microprocessor controlling pump motor via hydraulic system pressure
US6745611B2 (en) * 2002-02-19 2004-06-08 Fci Americas Technology, Inc. Battery powered hydraulic tool
DE20303877U1 (en) 2003-03-10 2003-05-08 Novopress Gmbh Hand-guided hydraulic press cylinder forms part of hydraulic reservoir
DE202004000215U1 (en) 2004-01-08 2004-04-01 Novopress Gmbh Pressen Und Presswerkzeuge & Co Kg Hand-held press tool appliance for connection of pipes etc. has regulating valve which remains closed when hydraulic pump fails and system pressure is below switch-off pressure

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Publication number Publication date
EP2228178A2 (en) 2010-09-15
DE202009003197U1 (en) 2010-05-06
EP2228178A3 (en) 2011-09-28

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