EP2228001B1 - Lave-vaisselle - Google Patents

Lave-vaisselle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2228001B1
EP2228001B1 EP10153916.1A EP10153916A EP2228001B1 EP 2228001 B1 EP2228001 B1 EP 2228001B1 EP 10153916 A EP10153916 A EP 10153916A EP 2228001 B1 EP2228001 B1 EP 2228001B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cycle
temperature
default value
wash
water
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Active
Application number
EP10153916.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2228001A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Rieger
Michael Rosenbauer
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication of EP2228001A1 publication Critical patent/EP2228001A1/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • A47L15/0021—Regulation of operational steps within the washing processes, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending from the detergent nature or from the condition of the crockery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4214—Water supply, recirculation or discharge arrangements; Devices therefor
    • A47L15/4217—Fittings for water supply, e.g. valves or plumbing means to connect to cold or warm water lines, aquastops
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/46—Devices for the automatic control of the different phases of cleaning ; Controlling devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2301/00—Manual input in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. information entered by a user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/12—Water temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/04—Water pressure or flow rate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/05—Drain or recirculation pump, e.g. regulation of the pump rotational speed or flow direction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/06—Water heaters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/30—Regulation of machine operational steps within the washing process, e.g. performing an additional rinsing phase, shortening or stopping of the drying phase, washing at decreased noise operation conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dishwasher, in particular household dishwasher, with a connection device for receiving feed water and with a sequence control device, in which one or more wash programs for controlling a sequence of one or more wash cycles are stored.
  • a well-known from practice domestic dishwasher for washing dishes has a closable washing container, can be introduced into the dishes to be washed, to clean it there.
  • the known domestic dishwasher further comprises a connection device which can be connected to receive fresh water to an external source of fresh water.
  • the fresh water source is a water pipe of a water supply installed on the building side.
  • the connection device is connected to the rinsing container so that the fresh water received by the connection device can be conducted into the rinsing container, where it is used as rinsing water.
  • the domestic dishwasher further has a circulation pump, which makes it possible to spray the rinse water collecting in a lower region of the washing container via a spraying device onto the items to be washed.
  • the rinse water then passes through its gravity back into the lower region of the washing, so that a closed circulation circuit is formed.
  • an electric heater is arranged in the circulation, which makes it possible to bring the rinse water during rinsing to a designated temperature.
  • a sensor for the temperature of the rinse water is also provided.
  • the known dishwasher on a drain pump, which makes it possible to pump out no longer needed rinse water to the outside.
  • the dishwasher has a flow control device.
  • a flow control device is understood to mean such a control device which controls a sequence of a rinse cycle according to predetermined steps.
  • a wash program contains all the information that is needed by the flow control device for automatic control of the course of a wash cycle. This results in a high ease of use, since the operator, after he has started a wash program, no longer needs to worry about the further course of the wash cycle.
  • a typical rinse comprises a pre-rinse cycle, a cleaning cycle, an intermediate rinse cycle, a rinse cycle and a drying cycle in this chronological order.
  • the intermediate rinsing process can be dispensed with or can be partially or completely replaced by a pumping process.
  • the prewash cycle is started, wherein feedwater, in particular fresh water, is introduced into the dishwasher by a corresponding activation of the feed water receiving device.
  • feedwater in particular fresh water
  • the circulation pump By an appropriate control of the circulation pump, the feed water is then circulated as rinse water, so as to free the dishes from coarse contamination.
  • at least a portion of the now contaminated rinse water is pumped out under appropriate control of the drain pump and the pre-wash cycle ends.
  • a subsequent washing or post-cleaning phase of the cleaning cycle is carried out with a predetermined period of time during which the rinsing water is circulated further.
  • the drain pump is controlled again, so that at least a portion of the rinse water of the cleaning cycle is pumped out.
  • the rinsing water in the rinsing container is refilled with feed water, in particular fresh water, via the receiving device.
  • feed water in particular fresh water
  • the rinse water of the intermediate rinse cycle is not heated, but circulated by means of the circulation pump. Due to the intermediate rinse, detergent residues in particular can be removed from the items to be washed. After a predetermined period of time, the rinse water of the intermediate rinse cycle, which now comprises detergent residues, is at least partially pumped out.
  • the receiving device is controlled again to introduce feed water, in particular fresh water in the washing.
  • feed water in particular fresh water in the washing.
  • This is mixed with rinse aid by a rinse aid addition device, heated by activation of the heating device and circulated by appropriate activation of the circulation pump.
  • the circulation pump and the heater is turned off.
  • the rinse water is pumped out via the drain pump and the rinse cycle finished.
  • the rinse cycle is used in particular to avoid staining on the cleaned items to be washed, which is achieved essentially by the chemical properties of the rinse aid.
  • the rinse cycle is used generally to prepare the dishes for the now following drying cycle by this is brought to a relatively high temperature.
  • the illustrated basic sequence of a typical rinse cycle can be modified in many ways. For example, different time constants or different temperatures can be specified. It is also possible to omit individual partial rinses, such as, for example, the pre-rinse cycle and / or intermediate rinse, or to carry out individual partial rinses, such as, for example, the pre-rinsing process, intermediate rinse or cleaning cycle, several times in succession, or several partial rinses such as e.g. several pre-rinsing operations, intermediate rinsing, cleaning operations in a row insert. In this way it is possible to adapt the intended course of the wash cycle to different applications.
  • individual partial rinses such as, for example, the pre-rinse cycle and / or intermediate rinse
  • individual partial rinses such as, for example, the pre-rinsing process, intermediate rinse or cleaning cycle, several times in succession, or several partial rinses such as e.g. several pre-rinsing operations, intermediate rinsing, cleaning operations in a row insert.
  • wash programs for controlling the course of a wash cycle.
  • the operator has the option of selecting a suitable washing program, depending on the application.
  • a suitable washing program for example, an intensive rinsing program for achieving a higher cleaning effect
  • an energy-saving rinse program for reducing the energy requirement and / or a gentle rinsing program for gentler treatment of the dishes can be provided.
  • a further wash program may be provided, which is adapted to the load and / or to the Spülgutart. All of the mentioned rinsing programs can also be provided in a rapid rinsing variant with which the reduction of the total duration of the rinse cycle is desired.
  • Each of the intended rinsing programs is designed so that, taking into account further specifications, such as a maximum rinse cycle or maximum stress on the items to be cleaned at a rinse carried out on the basis of each rinse a defined cleaning and / or drying effect at maximum efficiency achievable is.
  • the efficiency corresponds to the ratio of the washing result achieved and the effort required for this purpose.
  • a disadvantage of the known dishwasher is that the specific sequence of a wash cycle is not only dependent on the selected wash program, but also on environmental conditions.
  • the desired cleaning and / or drying effect can consequently be ensured in an efficient manner only if the dishwasher is operated under standard conditions.
  • the desired cleaning and / or drying effect is exceeded or fallen short of.
  • a too great cleaning and / or drying effect on the one hand leads to a satisfactory rinsing result, but on the other hand simultaneously to a reduction in the efficiency, in particular energy efficiency, of the dishwasher.
  • too low a cleaning and / or drying effect leads to an unsatisfactory rinsing result.
  • From the DE100 57 263 A1 is a home appliance with a program control known, which can be connected to either a cold water and / or hot water supply. At least part of the programs of the program sequence control can be switched over by means of a switching device between a cold water feed operation and a hot water feed operation and / or a hot and cold water feed operation.
  • all program sequences are particularly advantageously optimized as a function of the water supply, so that the user has the previous choice of programs available unaltered and only the optimization takes place via the switching of the program. In this way energy and time should be saved.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a dishwasher in which a satisfactory dishwashing result can be achieved in an efficient manner under different environmental conditions.
  • the flow control device is designed to adapt at least one parameter of at least one of the washing programs to a temperature of the feed water.
  • a parameter of a wash program is understood here to mean a numerical value of a characteristic which is used to control the course of the wash cycle when a wash cycle is being carried out.
  • Such parameters may be required, for example, for reference variables, reference variable courses, for residence times, reaction times, delay times, cycle numbers and / or technological characteristics of the respective wash cycle.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the specific sequence of a rinse cycle is essentially dependent on the inlet temperature of the supplied feed water.
  • the adaptation of at least one parameter of a wash program to the inlet temperature of the feed water makes it possible to exactly maintain the intended for a wash program cleaning and / or drying effect of a wash regardless of the inlet temperature of the feed water. In this case, too low a cleaning and / or drying effect, which would lead to an unsatisfactory rinse result, as well as a too large cleaning and / or drying effect, which would lead to a deterioration of the efficiency of the dishwasher can be avoided. In this way, with an always satisfactory dishwashing result, an improvement in energy efficiency, time efficiency and / or operating cost efficiency can be achieved.
  • the dishwasher comprises in particular a receiving device for the inlet of feed water.
  • This can be connected, for example, to an external source of fresh water in order to be able to absorb fresh water originating from the fresh water source as feed water.
  • a service water device the service water such as processed, provides purified greywater or rainwater as feedwater or service water.
  • a first subset of the feed water from a cold water pipe and a second subset of a hot water pipe or other hot water reservoir come, so that sets a mixing temperature for the total supplied operating water.
  • the dishwasher according to the invention in particular domestic dishwasher, is now expediently set in such a way that its sequence control device preferably reacts to the respectively present initial temperature of the supplied amount of operating water by adapting one or more parameters of the respective dishwasher program to be carried out in such a way that, in particular, an energy saving without sinking in terms of flushing and / or Drying capacity is enabled.
  • the cleaning effect of a wash cycle is composed in particular of the hydraulic cleaning effect, the thermal cleaning effect and / or the chemical cleaning effect.
  • the hydraulic cleaning effect is particularly dependent on the volume flow of the rinse water, the spray pressure of the rinse water, and / or on the duration of the hydraulic action on the items to be washed. If the volume flow and the spray pressure are constant over the runtime, the hydraulic cleaning effect is proportional to the product of volume flow, nozzle pressure and running time. If the volume flow and / or the nozzle pressure change over the runtime, then the mechanical cleaning effect preferably results from the integral of the product of the volume flow and the nozzle pressure over the run time.
  • the thermal cleaning effect is generally indicated in particular as an integral of the temperature over the running time, since the temperature is subject to fluctuations due to the necessary heating phases of the rinse cycle.
  • the chemical cleaning effect preferably results from the chemical properties of the rinse water and the exposure time. Since the chemical properties of the rinse water can change significantly in the course of a rinse, an integral is to be formed here as well in most cases expediently.
  • the chemical composition of the rinsing water also influences its mechanical cleaning effect.
  • the temperature profile influences the chemical composition of the rinse water and thus the chemical cleaning effect.
  • the maximum rinse water temperature reached during a rinse is crucial to whether an added detergent dissolves in the desired form and distributed in the rinse water.
  • the drying effect of a wash cycle results in particular from the temperature profile during the drying cycle, from the duration of the drying time, from the air turnover in the washing container, and / or from an air flow through the washing container.
  • connection device of the dishwasher either to different feed water sources, which supply feed water of different temperatures, without having to accept sacrifices in terms of the washing result or the efficiency. It is also possible connect the connection device to a supply water source, which supplies feed water with changing inlet temperature. Again, the dishwasher can always be operated efficiently and a satisfactory dishwashing result can be ensured.
  • the sequence control device can be configured such that the at least one parameter of the at least one wash program can be adapted to an inlet temperature range of the feed water, which ranges, for example, from 10 ° C. to 60 ° C. As a result, the temperature range of the feed water occurring in practice is at least substantially covered.
  • the dishwasher according to the invention in a conventional manner to a domestic cold water line, which feed water, especially fresh water at a temperature of for example 10 ° C to 20 ° C provides.
  • a domestic hot water pipe which feed water, especially fresh water, with a temperature of, for example, 40 ° C to 60 ° C provides.
  • Such a connection of the dishwasher to a hot water pipe is in many cases more energy and more cost effective than a connection to a cold water pipe.
  • the reason for the increased cost efficiency is that when using hot water, the electrical energy consumption of a rinse falls significantly, which can lead to a significant reduction in household electricity costs. This saving is greater in many cases, as the additional cost of heating the water of the hot water pipe. This is especially true if the household a modern condensing boiler, a cogeneration plant or a district heating system is available.
  • the cost advantage can be further increased if the household has a geothermal heat pump or a solar system for heating the feed water.
  • the dishwasher according to the invention is particularly suitable for connection to a geothermal plant or to a solar system, since the heated by such systems feed water in many cases weatherproof and / or seasonal variations in temperature.
  • the feed water from a stratified storage tank or other buffer storage, in particular a building can flow into the dishwasher when required.
  • the sequence control device is designed to adapt a plurality of parameters in at least one of the rinse programs.
  • a plurality of parameters usually have an effect on the cleaning and / or drying effect of the rinse cycle carried out with it. This means that it is fundamentally possible to keep the achievable cleaning and / or drying effect of a rinse cycle over the possible temperature range of the feed water constant in various ways.
  • different of the adjustable parameters in different temperature ranges can have different effects on the efficiency of the wash cycle, it may be appropriate to change several parameters of a wash program depending on the temperature of the fresh water. In this way, over the entire possible inlet temperature range of the feed water, the efficiency of the wash cycle can be further improved.
  • a first selected parameter can first be increased and, if this parameter has reached its maximum value, a second parameter can be changed such that the desired cleaning and / or drying effect occurs.
  • the sequence control device is designed to adapt different parameters in at least two of the rinse programs.
  • the stored rinse programs can thus be optimally adapted to the respective intended application.
  • the sequence control device in the case of a gentle program, such parameters are excluded from adaptation, which could lead to a higher load on the items to be washed.
  • the sequence control device for the at least one parameter of at least one washing program, which values are respectively assigned to different temperatures of the fresh water.
  • the values may be stored in the form of lists, tables, databases and the like. While the respective washing program is being carried out, the respective assigned values of the parameter (s) can be read out and used depending on the existing temperature of the feed water. Elaborate calculation steps are not required in this case.
  • the stored values themselves can be determined, for example, by suitable rinsing tests or by calculation by means of suitable rinsing models for a multiplicity of similar dishwashers.
  • the values for the parameters can be stored in the flow control device before the delivery of the dishwasher to the customer. However, it is also possible to replace the initially stored values by at least partially changed values in order to subsequently improve the efficiency of a dishwasher already delivered.
  • the sequence control device is designed to carry out an algorithm which is provided for calculating the at least one parameter of at least one wash program as a function of the inlet temperature of the feed water, in particular fresh water.
  • the parameters are determined during operation of the dishwasher as a function of the inlet temperature of the feed water. In this way, the amount of data to be stored in the flow control device can be reduced.
  • value tables, lists of values, databases and the like are not necessarily required.
  • the sequence control is associated with a control panel for manually entering the inlet temperature of the feed water.
  • the control panel can be brought by the user of the dishwasher or by a maintenance force in at least two switching states.
  • Each of the switching states of the operating part can correspond to a temperature or a temperature range of the feed water.
  • a first switching state corresponds to a low temperature of the feed water
  • a second switching state corresponds to a high temperature of the feed water.
  • the control panel may include buttons, rotary switches, alphanumeric input units and the like for selection of the switching state.
  • the flow control device is associated with a sensor for determining the inlet temperature of the feed water.
  • a sensor for determining the inlet temperature of the feed water.
  • the sequence control device is designed to adapt at least one such parameter to at least one of the rinse programs, which is a default value for an intensity of a hydraulic action on the items to be washed.
  • a change in the overall cleaning effect of the wash cycle which is based on a change in the inlet temperature of the feed water, can be compensated in a simple manner by a change in the hydraulic cleaning effect. Too little cleaning effect can be achieved by increasing the intensity of the hydraulic action and a too high cleaning effect can be compensated by a reduction in the intensity of the hydraulic action. In this way, can be dispensed with or kept low on an adjustment of the temperature of the cleaning cycle in many cases.
  • the temperature of the cleaning cycle can be kept in a range in which the detergent used can optimally unfold its effect. In this way, the efficiency of the rinse can be improved in many cases. Furthermore, by adjusting the intensity of the hydraulic action can be dispensed with in many cases to adapt the timing of the cleaning cycle. In this way it can be avoided that the contact time of the cleaning agent is subject to the adaptation of the wash cycle to the temperature of the fresh water too large fluctuations. In particular, it is thus prevented that the contact time of the cleaning agent is shortened in such a way that the now lacking chemical cleaning effect would have to be compensated for by an energy-intensive increase in a rinse cycle temperature.
  • the default value for the intensity of the hydraulic action in at least one of the wash programs is a default value for a speed of a circulation pump for circulating wash water.
  • Motor-driven circulating pumps in particular electric motor operated circulating pumps, can be controlled in a relatively simple manner in their speed.
  • the volume flow and / or the spray pressure of the rinse water can be influenced in a simple manner.
  • the adaptation of the default value for the intensity of the hydraulic action takes place in at least one of the wash programs such that the intensity of the hydraulic action is increased with increasing inlet temperature of the feed water, in particular fresh water.
  • an increasing temperature of the feed water causes the overall cleaning cycle to be shortened due to the lower heating time required.
  • the hydraulic cleaning effect and the chemical cleaning effect decrease.
  • the thermal cleaning effect can be increased or decreased depending on the individual case. This is due to the fact that with increasing feed water temperature, the average rinse temperature is indeed increased, but on the other hand, the thermal exposure time is shortened. It takes in Often the overall cleaning effect of the wash cycle with increasing fresh water temperature without further measures from.
  • the sequence control device is designed to adapt at least one such parameter to at least one of the rinse programs, which is a default value for a duration of a portion of the rinse cycle.
  • the thermal cleaning effect, the hydraulic cleaning effect and the chemical cleaning effect can be influenced.
  • a sufficient adaptation of the wash program to the inlet temperature of the supplied feed water can be achieved without the intensity of the hydraulic action on the wash ware would have to be changed for this purpose.
  • the maximum temperatures of the heating phases of the rinse cycle can be kept constant.
  • both the mechanical stress and the thermal load of the wash cycle can be kept substantially constant regardless of the inlet temperature of the feed water, so that the adaptation of the duration of one or more sections of the wash cycle offers just when the underlying wash program is a Schon Hughesprogramm.
  • the default value for a time duration of a section of the rinse cycle is a default value for a time duration of a pre-wash phase, an intermediate wash phase or a post-wash phase in a cleaning cycle of the rinse cycle.
  • a pre-wash phase is understood to be a phase before the heating phase of the cleaning cycle
  • an intermediate washing phase is understood to mean a phase between two heating phases of the cleaning cycle
  • a subsequent washing phase is a phase following a heating phase of the cleaning cycle.
  • the adaptation of the default value for a duration of a prewash phase, an intermediate wash phase and / or a Nachwaschphase in a cleaning cycle at least one of the wash programs is such that the time duration is increased with increasing temperature of the feed water.
  • the default value for a time duration of a section of the rinse cycle is a default value for a time duration of a pre-wash phase, an intermediate wash phase and / or a post-wash phase of a rinse cycle of the rinse cycle.
  • the total duration of the rinse cycle can be adapted to the requirements of the respective wash program.
  • the adaptation of the default value for a duration of a prewash phase, an intermediate wash phase and / or a post-wash phase of a rinse cycle in at least one of the wash programs is such that the time duration is increased with increasing temperature of the feed water.
  • the total duration of the rinse cycle can be adjusted so that a sufficient distribution of the rinse aid is ensured even if the heating phase of the rinse cycle is shortened due to an increase in the temperature of the fresh water.
  • the default value for a time duration of a section of the rinse cycle is a default value for a duration of a drying cycle.
  • the sequence control device is designed to adapt at least one such parameter to at least one of the rinse programs, which is a default value for a temperature of the rinse cycle.
  • the cleaning and / or drying effect of the rinse can be selectively changed and kept independent of the inlet temperature of the feed water.
  • the default value for a temperature of the wash cycle in at least one of the wash programs is a default value for a maximum temperature of a wash cycle of the wash cycle. In this way, the cleaning effect of the rinse can be influenced in a targeted manner.
  • the adaptation of the default value for a maximum temperature of a cleaning cycle of the wash cycle in at least one of the wash programs is such that the maximum temperature of the cleaning cycle is increased with increasing inlet temperature of the feed water.
  • the maximum temperature of the cleaning cycle is increased with increasing inlet temperature of the feed water.
  • the default value for a temperature of the rinse cycle in at least one of the rinse programs is a default value for a maximum temperature of a rinse cycle of the rinse cycle.
  • the duration of the rinse cycle can be varied without specifying time constants. This makes it possible, for example, to configure the duration of the rinse cycle so that the effective duration of the rinse cycle is dimensioned such that the rinse aid is distributed sufficiently well.
  • the adaptation of the default value for a maximum temperature of a rinse cycle of the rinse cycle in at least one of the rinse programs is performed such that the maximum temperature of the rinse cycle is increased with increasing inlet temperature of the feed water.
  • FIGS. 1 5 each provided with the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of a dishwasher according to the invention, in particular domestic dishwasher. Only those components of the dishwasher are shown and explained, which are necessary for the understanding of the invention.
  • the dishwasher has a sequence control device 1, in which various rinsing programs PN, PS, PNS are stored for controlling a sequence of a rinse cycle for rinsing dishes.
  • the flushing program PN is a normal flushing program PN
  • the flushing program PS is a gentle flushing program PS
  • the flushing program PNS is a fast normal flushing program PNS.
  • the normal purging program PN is intended to achieve an average cleaning and / or drying effect, so that with normally soiled items a satisfactory dishwashing result can be achieved with a relatively short wash cycle duration and with relatively low energy consumption.
  • the Schon Hughesprogramm PS is provided for rinsing sensitive items.
  • the Schon Hughesprogramm PS is designed so that the items to be washed during a rinse in thermal and hydraulic terms is less loaded than is the case with a normal purging PN. In this case, however, it can give an extension of the duration of the Schonticianprogramms PS against the normal purging PN, if the same cleaning and / or drying effect to be achieved.
  • the Schnellnormal Albanyprogramm PNS is intended to achieve a comparable cleaning and / or drying effect as the normal purging program PN.
  • the sequence control device 1 is associated with a control unit 2 for selecting one of the flushing programs PN, PS, PNS.
  • the control panel 2 has a keypad 3, which in the embodiment of the FIG. 1 comprises three keys, each key being associated with one of the purging programs PN, PS, PNS, so that an operator can select exactly one of the purging programs PN, PS, PNS by pressing one of the keys of the keypad 3.
  • the selected one of the rinse programs PN, PS, PNS is then processed by a sequence controller, not shown, of the process control device 1.
  • the sequencer can be embodied, for example, in hardware from logic elements and bistable memory elements. However, the sequencer may also include a processor having sequencer software installed thereon.
  • the purging procedures PN, PS, PNS each include the information required by the sequence controller to control the dishwasher during a rinse cycle.
  • the wash programs PN, PS, PNS contain in particular the information as to which steps are required in which order for carrying out a wash cycle.
  • the purging programs PN, PS, PNS contain the information under which conditions the sequencer should go from one of the steps to the next step.
  • the dishwasher comprises a receiving device 4 for the inlet of feed water or service water.
  • This can be connected, for example, to an external source of fresh water in order to be able to absorb fresh water originating from the fresh water source. Additionally or alternatively, it may also be connected to a service water device that provides service water such as treated, purified gray water or rainwater.
  • the receiving device to a hot water circuit, in particular a thermal solar system, or other, preferably powered by renewable energy source of hot water, be coupled. This can be done in addition to or independent of a connection of a cold water pipe to the receiving device.
  • the receiving device 4 comprises a controllable valve which is controlled by the sequence control device 1 according to the selected wash program of the wash programs PN, PS, PNS.
  • the dishwasher has a circulation pump 5 and a liquid spraying system which serve to supply the inlet water introduced into the dishwasher as rinsing water onto the water Wash items to be applied inside their washing.
  • the circulating pump 5 is also controlled by the sequence control device 1 in response to the respective selected one of the flushing programs PN, PS, PNS.
  • the dishwasher has a heating device 6, which serves to bring the recirculated rinse water to a predetermined by the respective rinse program PN, PS, PNS temperature.
  • a sensor 7 is provided for monitoring the temperature of the rinse cycle. This sensor 7 delivers its signals to the sequence control device 1.
  • a wastewater pump, in particular drain pump 8 is also provided, which is also controlled by the flow control device 1 in response to the wash program PN, PS, PNS.
  • the actual course of a real wash cycle depends on the respective selected wash program PN, PS, PNS, but on the other hand also on the temperature of the feed water which is received by the receiver 4.
  • the reason is that phases in which the fresh water is heated to a certain temperature, the longer, the colder the feed water is.
  • the sequence control device 1 is therefore designed so that at least one of the three rinsing programs PN, PS, PNS at least one parameter is automatically adjusted to the temperature of the feed water.
  • the dishwashing machine according to the invention is particularly suitable for being connected to water sources, in particular fresh water sources, which supply water, in particular fresh water, with changing temperature. This is in particular to think of a water supply, which includes a thermal solar system or a geothermal heat pump. In the case of such water sources, in particular fresh water sources, seasonal and / or time-related fluctuations in the temperature of the discharged water are quite frequent.
  • a control panel 9 is provided for entering the temperature of the feed water.
  • the control unit 9 allows an operator to manually set the expected temperature of the feed water to the flow control device 1 so that it can adjust the parameters or the purging programs PN, PS, PNS targeted.
  • the control panel may have two switching states, one of which is selectable by the operator. A first of the switching states can then be provided, for example, for a cold water operation and a second of the switching states for a hot water operation. The setting of the switching state, the operator then make depending on whether the inlet water intake device 4 is connected to a cold water source or to a hot water source.
  • a plurality of switching states are provided.
  • the control unit 9 may include keypads, switches and / or an alphanumeric input unit for this purpose. Also, the control panel 9 may be formed so that the inlet water temperature is infinitely variable can be entered. For this purpose, for example, a rotary or sliding resistance can be provided.
  • a value table 10 is stored in the sequence control device 1 which stores a plurality of values for each parameter of the rinse programs PN, PS, PNS which can be adapted to the temperature of the feed water, each value being assigned a temperature of the fresh water. Depending on the temperature of the feed water entered by the operator via the operating part 9, the respective parameters of the selected washing program PN, PS, PNS can then be adapted in a simple manner by reading out the corresponding values from the value table 10. Instead of the value table 10, a corresponding list or a database could also be provided.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further advantageous embodiment of a dishwasher according to the invention.
  • a first essential difference from the embodiment of FIG. 1 This is because the control panel for entering the temperature of the feed water has been omitted. Rather, the dishwasher has the FIG. 2 a sensor 11 for determining the actual temperature of the feed water. In this way, operator errors can be avoided. It is always ensured that the parameters of the purging programs PN, PS, PNS are adapted to the actual temperature of the feed water.
  • the adaptation of the respective parameters of the wash programs PN, PS, PNS takes place by means of an algorithm 12 stored in the sequence control device 1, which is designed to determine optimized parameters as a function of the temperature of the feed water. In this way, no large amounts of data need to be stored in the flow control device 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a possible advantageous operation of a dishwasher according to the invention, in which a normal purging program PN is selected.
  • a sequence A of a rinse cycle is shown, which results with selected normal rinsing program PN when the dishwasher is connected to a cold water connection.
  • an advantageously modified sequence A 'of a rinse cycle shown which results when selecting the normal purging program PN when the dishwasher is connected to a hot water supply.
  • the time in minutes is plotted on the transverse axis.
  • the processes A and A ' are shown for comparability on the same time scale.
  • the temperature T of the respective rinse cycle in degrees C ° is shown for both courses A and A '.
  • the temperature T is shown as a solid curve.
  • a speed n of a circulating pump of the dishwasher is shown as a dotted line on the vertical axis for both processes A and A '.
  • the speed n of the circulation pump is shown as a relative value, which is related to a maximum speed nmax.
  • the normal purging program PN is intended to flush normally soiled items that are not subject to any particular sensitivity to thermal or mechanical stress.
  • the rinse cycle shown consists of a pre-wash cycle VG, a cleaning cycle RG, an intermediate rinse cycle ZG, a rinse cycle KG and a drying cycle TG, which are carried out successively in this order.
  • the sequence A is explained, which results in connection of the dishwasher to a cold water source whose feed water has a temperature TFW.
  • a defined amount of feed water is received by the dishwasher, which has, for example, a temperature TFW of 15 ° C.
  • This feed water is circulated as flushing water by the switched-circulation pump and one or more associated spray devices, in particular spray arms, which are provided in the washing, whereby the dishes are treated with rinse water and thereby cleaned.
  • the speed n of the circulating pump is approximately 75% of its maximum value nmax. For example, assuming an ambient temperature of 20 C °, the temperature T of the rinse water rises slightly during the pre-wash cycle VG.
  • the duration of the pre-wash cycle VG is determined by a parameter Z1 of the normal rinse program PN, wherein the parameter Z1 is a default value for Presetting the time duration of the pre-wash VG is.
  • the parameter Z1 is selected so that the pre-wash cycle VG lasts sufficiently long to remove coarse contaminants from the items to be washed. At the end of the pre-wash cycle VG, at least part of the rinse water, together with the contaminants contained therein, is pumped out.
  • the cleaning cycle RG consists of a heating phase HRG of the cleaning cycle RG and of a subsequent washing phase NRG of the cleaning cycle RG. Initially, the heating phase HRG is performed. The heating phase HRG is used to heat the rinsing water and to mechanically clean the dishes with this heated water. During the heating phase HRG, the circulating pump and the heating device of the dishwasher are switched on in order to circulate and heat the rinsing water. The circulating pump is still operated at about 75% of its maximum speed nmax. In order to increase the cleaning effect of the cleaning cycle RG, cleaning agent is also added to the rinse water.
  • the heating phase HRG the temperature T of the rinse water sharply increases depending on the heater output.
  • the heating phase HRG is terminated, i. the heater 6 is turned off when the temperature T corresponds to a parameter TRG for setting a maximum temperature of the cleaning cycle.
  • the parameter TRG is also specified by the program PN.
  • the duration of the subsequent post-washing phase NRG of the cleaning cycle RG is predetermined by a parameter Z2 of the flushing program PN.
  • the Nachwaschphase RG serves the continuation of the cleaning of the dishes by means of the switched-circulation pump with the heater off, the temperature T of the rinse water drops slightly.
  • the flushing water is at least partially pumped off, depending on the degree of soiling, and the cleaning cycle RG is ended.
  • rinse water is partially or completely pumped out by means of the wastewater pump of the dishwasher. Possibly. for a intermediate rinse again feed water, especially fresh water, with recorded a temperature TFW, wherein the temperature T of the rinse water due to the existing heat in the dishwasher even without connecting the heater assumes a value that is above the inlet temperature TFW of the incoming feed water.
  • the rinse water is further circulated by means of the circulation pump, whereby residues of detergent are removed from the items to be washed.
  • the duration of the intermediate rinse cycle ZG is predetermined by a further parameter Z3 of the rinse program PN.
  • the rinse water of the intermediate rinse cycle ZG is at least partially pumped out.
  • the now following drying cycle TG is based on the principle that due to the high temperature T during the rinse cycle KG the items to be washed was strongly heated, so that now evaporated during the drying cycle TG adhering to the dishes rinse water.
  • the steam then condenses on boundary surfaces of the washing compartment, which are formed by the wall surfaces of the washing container, and / or is discharged to the outside.
  • the duration of the drying cycle TG, during which the ware constantly cools, is determined by a further parameter Z4 of the washing program PN.
  • the sequence A 'shown in the lower part of the function diagram is also based on the normal purging program PN.
  • the feed water in particular fresh water
  • TFW 'of about 40 ° C that is supplied at a higher temperature than in the process A.
  • T ' modified temperature curve
  • the time duration of the pre-wash cycle VG remains unchanged since in this phase the heating device is switched off and the parameter Z1 is kept constant.
  • the rinsing water has a much higher temperature T 'during the pre-wash cycle VG than is the case for the course A.
  • the heating phase HRG is significantly shortened here until the desired maximum temperature TRG is reached.
  • the duration of the post-wash phase NRG of the cleaning cycle RG and the duration of the intermediate rinse cycle ZG are unchanged since the time-determining parameters Z2 and Z3 are also kept constant.
  • the temperature curve T 'during the abnormal Vietnamese facedgangs ZG is higher than in the case of the flow A. Since the temperature T' of the rinse water at the beginning of Klar Whygangs KG is also higher than in the previous case, the duration of the Klar réellegangs KG is shortened until the desired Maximum temperature TKG has been reached.
  • there are no changes for the drying cycle TG since the duration is determined by the constant held parameter Z4 and the inlet temperature of the rinsing water by the parameter TKG, which is also kept constant.
  • FIG. 4 shows a functional diagram of the dishwasher for a selected Schon Hughesprogramm PS.
  • the upper area of the diagram shows a sequence A of a rinse cycle, which results from a connection of the dishwasher to a cold water source whose feed water has an inlet temperature TFW.
  • the lower part of the diagram shows a sequence A ', which results from a connection of the dishwasher to a hot water source whose feed water has an elevated inlet temperature TFW'.
  • the sequence A of FIG. 4 corresponds essentially to the sequence A of FIG. 3 , The essential difference is that the default value D for the rotational speed n of the circulation pump is lowered, so as to load the items to be washed with a lower hydraulic intensity. This serves the protection of sensitive items. In order nevertheless to be able to achieve a satisfactory rinsing result, the total duration of the rinse cycle is opposite to the case A 'of FIG. 3 extended.
  • the adaptation of the cleaning effect is effected rather by the fact that an adjusted parameter Z2 'is used to specify the duration of the post-washing phase NRG of the cleaning cycle RG.
  • This parameter Z2 ' is set to increase the time duration of the post-wash phase NRG.
  • a Vorwaschphase VKG provided whose duration is determined by a parameter Z5 '.
  • this parameter Z5 'does not appear because it has the value zero.
  • the cleaning effect can be influenced so that it corresponds to the cleaning effect of the process A. Since the maximum temperature TKG of the rinse cycle KG is unchanged as well as the parameter Z4 for setting the duration of the drying cycle, the drying effect is independent of the respective inlet temperature TFW, TFW 'of the feed water.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the adaptation of a Schnellnormal réelleprogramms PNS to the inlet temperature of the feed water TFW, TFW '.
  • the parameter TRG is adjusted to specify the maximum temperature of the cleaning cycle RG.
  • TRG kept constant
  • the average temperature during the cleaning cycle RG increases compared to the case A of FIG. 5 at. It is here reached a maximum temperature TRG 'of about 65 ° C in the cleaning cycle RG at the end of the heating phase HRG.
  • the parameter TKG for setting the maximum temperature of the rinse cycle is adapted to the inlet temperature TFW, TFW 'of the feed water, whereby at high temperature of the feed water TFW' by the increased parameter TKG 'only a small or no shortening of the heating phase HKG Klar Whygangs KG occurs.
  • This also increases the average temperature during the rinse cycle KG and the average temperature during the following drying cycle TG.
  • a maximum temperature TKG 'of about 75 ° Celsius is reached in the final rinse cycle KG at the end of the heating phase HKG. In this way, the thermal cleaning effect but also the speed of the drying process TG is increased.
  • control unit is programmed so that in addition to a conventional variant of a washing program, i. parallel to this, a special variant of the washing program is provided, which is specially adapted to the use of hot water from a hot water solar system.
  • the cleaning effect sometimes referred to as cleaning performance
  • the dishwasher is composed of various factors.
  • the cleaning performance results from a sum which comprises a hydraulic factor times the running time, a factor of the thermal integral and a chemical factor times the running time and optionally a factor of the maximum rinsing temperature times the running time.
  • the drying effect also called drying performance, on the other hand results from the sum of a temperature factor, a factor of the drying time, a factor of the air turnover and a factor of the air throughput.
  • the special variants of the washing programs have the aim of keeping the cleaning and drying effect constant, taking into account the above calculation formulas, regardless of the temperature of the feed water. Another goal is to keep the additional energy consumption from the power grid as low as possible.
  • the basic data of the above formulas for generating the variants of the washing programs can be stored in tables or formulas in software of the control unit.
  • a dishwasher according to the invention can do so by prolonging the circulation time in the cleaning step to compensate for the missing circulation time, by increasing the circulation pump speed to compensate for the missing removal rate of the one or more sprayers and / or by prolonging the circulation time of the rinse cycle to ensure the uniform distribution of the rinse aid react.
  • a quick-wash program that can be selected by the user can be provided, in which the dishwasher uses a higher inlet temperature of the incoming water in order to produce higher temperatures with constant energy consumption than with a cold water inlet.
  • flushing and drying performance can be achieved at the same level in much shorter flushing times.
  • the higher heat input which can be introduced a priori into the rinsing water by the higher inlet temperature, ie warmer inlet water during the pre-rinse phase and rinsing phase, is used to shorten the overall running time of the dishwasher compared to a cold water connection.
  • thermal integral results from the summation of the area below the temporal temperature profile of the flushing water quantity respectively located in the washing container during the total duration of the respective selected dishwasher program.
  • durations for the heating phase during the cleaning process and for the drying phase can be shortened compared with the case of a cold water connection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Lave-vaisselle, en particulier lave-vaisselle ménager, doté d'un dispositif de raccordement (4) pour recevoir l'eau d'alimentation et d'un dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) dans lequel plusieurs programmes de lavage (PN, PS, PNS) sont déposés pour commander un déroulement (A) d'un ou de plusieurs cycles de lavage, le dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) étant configuré pour adapter au moins un paramètre (D, Z2, Z4, Z5, TRG, TKG) d'au moins un des programmes de lavage (PN, PS, PNS) à une température (TFW) de l'eau d'alimentation, le dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) étant configuré pour adapter différents paramètres (D, Z4, Z5, TRG, TKG) dans au moins deux des programmes de lavage (PN, PS, PNS), caractérisé en ce que dans un programme de lavage délicat (PS), des paramètres (D) qui pourrait générer une sollicitation plus importante des articles à laver, sont exclus de l'adaptation.
  2. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) est configuré pour adapter plusieurs paramètres (Z2, Z4, TRG, TKG) dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PNS).
  3. Lave-vaisselle selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs valeurs sont mémorisées dans le dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) pour le au moins un paramètre (D, Z2, Z4, Z5, TRG, TKG) d'au moins un programme de lavage (PN, PS, PNS), qui sont associées chacune à des températures différentes (TFW, TFW') de l'eau d'alimentation.
  4. Lave-vaisselle selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) est configuré pour exécuter un algorithme (12) prévu pour calculer le au moins un paramètre (D, Z2, Z4, Z5, TRG, TKG) d'au moins un programme de lavage (PN, PS, PNS) en fonction de la température (TFW, TFW') de l'eau d'alimentation.
  5. Lave-vaisselle selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément de commande (9) permettant d'entrer manuellement la température (TFW) de l'eau d'alimentation est associé au dispositif de commande de déroulement (1).
  6. Lave-vaisselle selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur (11) permettant de détecter la température (TFW) de l'eau d'alimentation est associé au dispositif de commande de déroulement (1).
  7. Lave-vaisselle selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) est configuré pour adapter au moins un paramètre (D) d'au moins un des programmes de lavage (PN), qui est une valeur par défaut (D) pour une intensité d'une action hydraulique sur les articles à laver.
  8. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la valeur par défaut (D) pour l'intensité de l'action hydraulique dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PN) est une valeur par défaut (D) pour une vitesse de rotation (n) d'une pompe de circulation (5) servant à faire circuler l'eau de lavage.
  9. Lave-vaisselle selon une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'adaptation de la valeur par défaut (D) pour l'intensité de l'action hydraulique dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PN) est réalisée de telle manière que l'intensité de l'action hydraulique est augmentée quand la température (TFW) de l'eau d'alimentation augmente.
  10. Lave-vaisselle selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) est configuré pour adapter au moins un paramètre (Z2, Z4, Z5') d'au moins un des programmes de lavage (PS, PNS), qui est une valeur par défaut (Z2, Z4, Z5') pour une durée d'une partie (NRG, TG, VKG) du cycle de lavage respectif.
  11. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la valeur par défaut (Z2, Z4, Z5') pour une durée d'une partie (NRG, TG, VKG) du cycle de lavage est une valeur par défaut (Z2) pour une durée d'une phase de prélavage, d'une phase de lavage intermédiaire ou d'une phase de lavage final (NRG) dans un cycle de nettoyage (RG) du cycle de lavage.
  12. Lave-vaisselle selon une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que l'adaptation de la valeur par défaut (Z2) pour une durée d'une phase de prélavage, d'une phase de lavage intermédiaire ou d'une phase de lavage final (NRG) dans un cycle de nettoyage (RG) dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PS) est réalisée de telle manière que la durée est augmentée quand la température (TFW) de l'eau fraîche augmente.
  13. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la valeur par défaut (Z2, Z4, Z5) pour une durée d'une partie (NRG, VKG, TG) du cycle de lavage est une valeur par défaut (Z5') pour une durée d'une phase de prélavage (VKG), d'une phase de lavage intermédiaire ou d'une phase de lavage final d'un cycle de rinçage (KG) du cycle de lavage.
  14. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'adaptation de la valeur par défaut (Z5') pour une durée d'une phase de prélavage (VKG), d'une phase de lavage intermédiaire ou d'une phase de lavage final d'un cycle de rinçage (KG) dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PS) est réalisée de telle manière que la durée est augmentée quand la température (TFW) de l'eau fraîche augmente.
  15. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la valeur par défaut (Z2, Z4, Z5') pour une durée d'une partie (NRG, TG, VKG) du cycle de lavage est une valeur par défaut (Z4) pour une durée d'un cycle de séchage (TG) du cycle de lavage.
  16. Lave-vaisselle selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande de déroulement (1) est configuré pour adapter au moins un paramètre (TRG, TKG) d'au moins un des programmes de lavage (PNS), qui est une valeur par défaut (TRG, TKG) pour une température (T) du cycle de lavage.
  17. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la valeur par défaut (TRG, TKG) pour une température (T) du cycle de lavage dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PNS) est une valeur par défaut (TRG) pour une température maximale d'un cycle de nettoyage (RG) du cycle de lavage.
  18. Lave-vaisselle selon une des revendications 16 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que l'adaptation de la valeur par défaut (TRG) pour une température maximale d'un cycle de nettoyage (RG) du cycle de lavage dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PNS) est réalisée de telle manière que la température maximale (TRG) du cycle de nettoyage (RG) est augmentée quand la température (TFW) de l'eau d'alimentation augmente.
  19. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la valeur par défaut (TRG, TKG) pour une température (T) du cycle de lavage dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PNS) est une valeur par défaut (TKG) pour une température maximale d'un cycle de rinçage (KG) du cycle de lavage.
  20. Lave-vaisselle selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'adaptation de la valeur par défaut (TKG) pour une température maximale d'un cycle de rinçage (KG) du cycle de lavage dans au moins un des programmes de lavage (PNS) est réalisée de telle manière que la température maximale (TKG) du cycle de rinçage (KG) est augmentée quand la température (TFW) de l'eau fraîche augmente.
EP10153916.1A 2009-03-10 2010-02-18 Lave-vaisselle Active EP2228001B1 (fr)

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