EP2227831A2 - Élément solaire multicouche - Google Patents

Élément solaire multicouche

Info

Publication number
EP2227831A2
EP2227831A2 EP08856159A EP08856159A EP2227831A2 EP 2227831 A2 EP2227831 A2 EP 2227831A2 EP 08856159 A EP08856159 A EP 08856159A EP 08856159 A EP08856159 A EP 08856159A EP 2227831 A2 EP2227831 A2 EP 2227831A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
adhesive
self
bitumen
solar element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08856159A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger Ruletzki
Holger Teich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Parabel AG
Original Assignee
Parabel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102007058750A external-priority patent/DE102007058750A1/de
Priority claimed from DE202007017031U external-priority patent/DE202007017031U1/de
Application filed by Parabel AG filed Critical Parabel AG
Publication of EP2227831A2 publication Critical patent/EP2227831A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multilayer solar element, the use of a polymer-modified bitumen for coating the multilayer solar element, as well as an associated manufacturing method with the associated device.
  • a solar material which consists of Dünnfilmsperr GmbHtechniken or photovoltaic structures, which consist of one or more stacked solar cells and which are electrically and optically connected in series.
  • An intrinsic layer formed of the solar cells is "spatially graded" over a substantial portion of the bulk thickness, with this stepped portion removed from the interfaces between the intrinsic layer and a dopant layer to improve open circuit voltage and / or bulk density.
  • This solar material is also referred to as a photovoltaic thin-film laminate and can be provided, for example, on the back with an adhesive on which subsequently a further layer, usually a flexible EPDM layer or a flexible sheet can be applied.
  • an adhesive on which subsequently a further layer, usually a flexible EPDM layer or a flexible sheet can be applied.
  • the adhesive and the EPDM layer or the sheet are still flexible solar modules despite the multi-layer structure, so-called “flexible solar modules” won, which in turn are glued on roofs, similar to roof waterproofing membranes, on different substrates can.
  • the photovoltaic thin-film laminate can also be glued to a solid, rigid carrier, so that solid, non-flexible solar modules (so-called “solar panels”) arise, which in turn are mechanically fastened on roof surfaces or can be glued in rarer cases.
  • solid, non-flexible solar modules so-called “solar panels”
  • a butyl adhesive is used as the adhesive.
  • a disadvantage of this butyl adhesive is, in particular, its insufficient peel strength (N / mm), a property which can be determined as the subtype of the adhesive strength.
  • This realization has been found in practice. It has been found that the flexible and rigid solar modules produced with butyl adhesive tend to "flow", in particular after mounting on pitched roofs The adhesive strength, in particular in connection with heat introduced by the sun is not large enough To ensure the adhesive bond produced by means of butyl adhesive permanently flexible and rigid solar modules. By means of peel tests, the adhesive strength was determined as the quotient of the work w necessary to separate a strip (solar material) of length I and width b from the base material (EPDM layer) and the resulting parting surface A.
  • the geomembranes are partially self-adhesive and are generally suitable for laying on various substrates, such as concrete, mastic asphalt, bitumen, sheet metal and plastic roofing membranes.
  • the object was to provide solar elements whose shear and peel strength for practical use, especially when installing on pitched roofs, is higher than in the known prior art solar elements.
  • a multilayer solar element comprises a first layer of a photovoltaic thin-film laminate, which is coated on its underside with at least one second layer of a polymer-modified bitumen.
  • the multilayer solar element comprises the first layer of the photovoltaic thin-film laminate, which is coated on its underside with the second layer of the polymer-modified bitumen and additionally with at least a third, flexible or rigid layer (a substrate) is at least partially or just completely cold or hot glued.
  • the multilayer solar element comprises the first layer of the photovoltaic thin-film laminate coated on its underside with a second layer of the polymer-modified bitumen is and with the third, flexible or rigid layer (as a substrate) at least partially or just completely cold or hot glued, which in turn is in turn coated with at least a fourth layer of a polymer-modified bitumen.
  • the second and fourth layers are a self-adhesive bitumen layer of polymer modified bitumen, made on the basis of SBS, SIS or APP and a tackifying resin.
  • This second and fourth layer since a tackifying resin has been added, may be applied to the respective layer (first and third layer, respectively) by a so-called "cold-tacking.”
  • hot-splicing by heating the self-adhesive polymer-modified one Bitumen, whereby (compared to the cold bonding) increased adhesion is achieved.
  • the type of bonding can be selected according to the particular application and is already taken into account in the production of the multilayer solar elements.
  • the second and fourth layers are a non-self-adhesive bitumen layer of polymer-modified bitumen made on the basis of SBS, SIS or APP but without a tackifying resin.
  • the coating of the first and third layer with the second or fourth non-self-adhesive layer by "hot bonding" takes place, since the adhesive properties of bitumen come into play only when heated because self-adhesive properties in the cold state of the bitumen Absence of the tackifying resin is absent.
  • the invention provides an alternative with regard to the structure of the multilayer solar elements, which is taught in a preferred embodiment in claims 2 to 4.
  • the underside of the photovoltaic thin-film laminates additionally provided with a barrier film.
  • the barrier film made of a polyester is disposed on the underside of the first layer between the first and second layers as a polyester barrier film which is adhesively bonded to the lower surface of the first layer by means of an adhesive, thereby "laminating" the first layer.
  • the polyester barrier film is a polyethylene terephthalate film (PET film), because it has been found that such a polyester barrier film is best suited to the fact that the polymer-modified second bitumen layer no plasticizers in the photovoltaic Diffuse thin-film laminate.
  • PET film polyethylene terephthalate film
  • various adhesives and, in addition, various barrier materials have been experimented to find that the photovoltaic thin film laminate can be coated with polymer-modified bitumen (self-adhesive and non-self-adhesive type) to form a multi-layer, at least two-layer, solar element good durable resistant peel strength.
  • a hot melt adhesive or a polyurethane adhesive (PUR adhesive) or a reactive polyolefin adhesive (eg SiMelt adhesive, Fa. Henkel) or a UV-crosslinking adhesive is used as the adhesive for attaching the polyester barrier film Used glue.
  • the polyester barrier film is fed in a coating system via rollers to the laminating photovoltaic thin-layer laminate.
  • an optimized "laminating adhesive” is used, such as the hot-melt adhesive already mentioned above, a polyurethane adhesive (PUR adhesive), a reactive polyolefin adhesive (eg SiMelt adhesive, Henkel ) or a UV-crosslinking adhesive.
  • the laminating adhesive is sprayed on one side of the barrier film by means of slot nozzles.
  • the provided with adhesive polyester barrier film is then glued or rolled in the next step on the back of the module.
  • the result is a photovoltaic thin-film laminate with a laminated polyester barrier film, which is preferably a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film or a polyethylene terephthalate film (PET / Alu / PET film) with an internal aluminum layer.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the polyester barrier film and the second polymer-modified bitumen layer are first fed to a coating plant. Using rollers, the two layers are first combined to form a "barrier film adhesive tape" composite.
  • non-heated rolls may be used to produce the barrier film adhesive tape composite in a type of "cold bonding."
  • a non-self-adhesive second polymer-modified bituminous layer uses heated rolls, which are thus "hot-bonded” to produce the Lock foil adhesive tape composite lead.
  • the self-adhesive second polymer-modified bituminous layer can also be effected by "hot bonding" via heated rollers, whereby a barrier film adhesive tape composite with still further increased adhesive strength is produced compared to the "cold bonding" by means of self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the result is a composite of a photovoltaic thin-film laminate with a laminated polyester barrier film, which is preferably a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, and a second layer of a non-self-adhesive and / or a self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen.
  • This second layer represents the connecting layer to a substrate, for example a roof or the like, or the second layer can be provided with further layers, which will be dealt with further in the subclaims and the description.
  • the multilayer solar element without barrier film serve a method and apparatus in which self-adhesive and non-self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen is heated to a predetermined temperature in separate reservoirs and further comprises a first layer, a photovoltaic thin-film laminate, via a transport device, a associated with respective reservoir, the self-adhesive and / or non-self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen issuing, outlet device is supplied, whereby on the underside of the thin-film laminate, a second self-adhesive layer, a non-self-adhesive layer or a self-adhesive layer is applied with a non-self-adhesive layer in the edge region.
  • This basic method can be combined with the method for attaching the barrier film. The method steps and the required devices will be explained in more detail in the further description.
  • FIG. 1 shows a two-layer solar element, comprising a first photovoltaic thin film and a full-surface, self-adhesive, second layer of a polymer-modified bitumen with protective release layer / release film;
  • FIG. 2 shows a two-layer solar element comprising a first photovoltaic thin layer and a full-surface, non-self-adhering, second layer of a polymer-modified bitumen with protective release layer / release film;
  • FIG. 3 shows a two-layered solar element, comprising a first photovoltaic thin film and a self-adhesive, second layer and a non-self-adhesive, second layer in the edge region of the solar element of a polymer-modified bitumen with each protective release layer / release film;
  • FIG. 4 shows a three-layer solar element, comprising a first photovoltaic thin layer and a full-surface, self-adhesive, second layer, made of a polymer modified bitumen with a third layer of flexible or rigid support material;
  • FIG. 5 shows a four-layer solar element, comprising a first photovoltaic thin film and a full-surface, self-adhesive, second layer of a polymer-modified bitumen and a third layer of flexible or rigid support material and a full-surface, self-adhesive, fourth layer of a polymer-modified bitumen with protective release layer / release film ;
  • FIG. 6 shows a four-layer solar element comprising a first photovoltaic thin layer and a full-surface, self-adhesive, second layer of a polymer-modified bitumen and a third layer of flexible or rigid support material and a full-surface, non-self-adhesive fourth layer of a polymer-modified bitumen with protective release layer / release film;
  • FIG. 7 shows a four-layer solar element, comprising a first photovoltaic thin layer and a full-surface, self-adhesive, second layer of a polymer-modified bitumen and a third layer of flexible or rigid carrier material, a self-adhesive, fourth layer and a non-self-adhesive, fourth
  • FIG. 8 -1 1 Figures a solar element according to Figures 4 to 7 with a one-sided projection. 8 -1 1
  • FIG. 1 a solar element according to the figures 1 to 1 1, but with a polyester barrier film,
  • 1A-1 1A which is disposed on the underside of the photovoltaic thin film by means of an adhesive between the first photovoltaic thin film and the second self-adhesive or non-adhesive polymer-modified bituminous layer.
  • FIGS. 1 to 11 each show multilayer solar elements S, wherein the first layer 1 is a photovoltaic thin-film laminate.
  • These photovoltaic thin-film laminates have very good energy-yield properties. They can be used in a variety of ways, both at high temperatures resulting from solar radiation, and at lower temperatures and thus lower irradiation with very good energy yields.
  • the photovoltaic thin-film laminates themselves have a multilayer structure and are already commercially available with a contact plug and a junction box.
  • these photovoltaic thin-film laminates are already bonded by means of butyl adhesive today with different substrates, the substrates used are mostly roof waterproofing membranes, so that these products can be mounted or glued on flat or pitched roofs.
  • the use is intended, inter alia, on pitched roofs with a minimum inclination of 5 ° up to a maximum inclination of 60 °.
  • the following products overcome this disadvantage in that the first layer 1 is coated with at least one second layer 2 of a polymer-modified bitumen, as an adhesive layer.
  • Other products are formed by joining the first and second layers 1, 2 of the photovoltaic thin-film laminate and the polymer-modified bitumen with a further third layer 3, a carrier material.
  • Further products can be formed by coating the first, second and third layers 1, 2 and 3 of photovoltaic thin-layer laminate, polymer-modified bitumen and the carrier material layer with a fourth layer 4, 4 ', in turn, of polymer-modified bitumen as the adhesive layer.
  • the multilayer solar elements S which can thus be formed without a barrier film are explained in greater detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 and then with reference to FIGS. 8 to 11 in modified embodiments.
  • the polymer-modified bitumen is mixed as a self-adhesive, polymer-modified bituminous layer, in particular based on SBS, SIS or APP, with a tackifying resin and can additionally be mixed with a filler.
  • the bitumen content of the self-adhesive, polymer-modified bituminous layer is 50-75% by weight.
  • the bitumen content here is 50-75 wt .-%.
  • a self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen layer 2, 4 additionally has the property that it has self-adhesive properties even when cold.
  • FIG. 1 shows a two-layered solar element S with the first layer 1 of the photovoltaic thin-layer laminate, which is coated with a self-adhesive, polymer-modified bituminous layer 2.
  • a release film 5 is applied to this second layer 2, which essentially serves to secure and support the two-layered solar element S. Due to the flexibility of the photovoltaic thin-film laminate, this two-layered solar element S is a kind of universally applicable, flexible solar element S in a mostly rectangular strip shape.
  • both full-surface, strip-by-layer and even spot bonding can be applied to a substrate take place by the second self-adhesive layer 2 of is applied to the front of the thin-film laminate 1 in this manner.
  • the order of this second self-adhesive, polymer-modified bituminous layer 2 ' is carried out by cold or hot gluing. Cold bonding is possible because the self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen layer 2 can be bonded by the tackifying resin even when cold.
  • FIG. 2 analogously to FIG. 1, a two-layered solar element S is shown, which likewise represents a kind of universally applicable, flexible solar element S, the second layer 2 'being coated with a non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen.
  • the application of this second non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bituminous layer 2 ' takes place by hot bonding.
  • a release film 5' is applied substantially for securing and storage.
  • the release films 5 and 5 'as release layers are made of PE, PP, TA, E or PU material.
  • the release layer 5 has a thickness of 60 to 100 ⁇ m with respect to the self-adhesive bitumen coating, the second and fourth layers 2, 4, and the release layer 5 'has, with respect to the non-self-adhesive bitumen coating, the second and fourth layers 2'. 4 ', a thickness of 5 to 20 microns.
  • the two-layer, non-self-adhesive solar element S of Figure 2 is a kind of solar strip by the existing flexibility, but not, as the two-layer solar element S of Figure 1, after peeling off the film 5 can be bonded immediately, but the order of such a solar strip, for example on a roof, by applying an adhesive to the roof as full-surface bonding with contact adhesive, hot bitumen or polymer-modified bitumen or strip-wise bonding also using contact adhesive, hot bitumen or polymer-modified bitumen.
  • the release film 5 ' is previously removed, so that this two-layer solar element S can be glued to the roof.
  • a release film 5 'remaining on the first layer 1 also acts, with a mechanical attachment of the solar element S according to FIG. 2, as a vapor barrier or vapor barrier and prevents moisture from penetrating in the direction of the first layer 1, the photovoltaic thin-film laminate.
  • the second layer 2 'can likewise be formed over part of the area or over the entire surface, in particular in stripes, in the case of partial area execution.
  • the laying of several solar elements S according to Figure 2 can be made directly on the roof over the entire surface by a transfer to shock by hot air welding is performed. Due to its self-adhesive properties, the two-layer solar element S according to FIG. 1 can be glued onto a roof without the use of further adhesives or process steps, such as hot air welding. However, the attachment of the two-layer solar element S of Figure 1 on a roof or the like can also, as described for Figure 2, are performed.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further, two-layer solar element S, which in turn comprises the first layer 1 with the photovoltaic thin-film laminate and a second layer 2, 2 ', in which the edge regions R are coated with a second layer 2' of non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen.
  • the illustration of Figure 3 shows a left and right edge region R, wherein the illustrated section does not show the front edge and rear edge of a rectangular multilayer solar element S, which may also have such an edge region R.
  • edge regions R multi-layer solar elements S, at least one edge R, opposite edges R or all edges R are coated with non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen 2 '.
  • the middle region shown is coated with self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen 2, wherein on the second layer 2, 2 'different release films 5, 5' are arranged. It is provided that the release film 5, the release film 5 'slightly overlaps.
  • both a full-surface, strip-wise and also a selective bonding can be carried out by the second, self-adhesive layer 2 from the outset, ie already during manufacture, applied in this manner to the photovoltaic thin-film laminate 1.
  • the selection of a full-surface, strip or spot bonding depends on the particular roof substrate.
  • FIG. 4 shows a three-layered solar element S, which comprises a first layer 1, again of photovoltaic thin-layer laminate, and a second layer 2 of self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen, a carrier material being cold or hot adhered to this second layer 2 as third layer 3 is.
  • This carrier material 3 may be a sheet metal material having different thicknesses, so that depending on the flexibility of the sheet used as carrier material, three-layer flexible solar strips or universally applicable three-layer rigid solar plates result with higher rigidity of the sheet used.
  • geomembranes can be used as the third layer 3, which as a rule can already be obtained in several layers as a finished product. These geomembranes can also be cold or hot glued to the self-adhesive, polymer-modified second bituminous layer 2, again depending on the stiffness of the geomembranes three-layer, flexible solar strips 1, 2, 3 or three-layer flexible (with a higher rigidity, so-called "rigid") solar panels 1, 2, 3 are recoverable.
  • the coated with sheet or membranes, three-layer solar elements S are usually designed for mechanical attachment so that the respective third layer 3 for mechanical attachment of the solar element S a predetermined projection 6 with respect to the respectively arranged first and second layer 1, 2.
  • These embodiment variants are shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 and will be explained in more detail later.
  • FIG. 5 shows the three-layered solar element S in a four-layered embodiment just described with reference to FIG. 4, wherein a self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen has again been applied as the fourth layer 4, on which in turn a release film 5 is arranged.
  • the application of this fourth self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen layer 4 to the third layer 3, shown in FIG. 6, likewise takes place by cold or hot-bonding.
  • the cold bonding is possible in addition to the hot bonding, since it is a self-adhesive material.
  • FIG. 6 analogously shows a four-layered solar element S, wherein the fourth layer 4 'here is made of a non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen and the separating film 5' has been arranged as a separating layer.
  • the application of this fourth non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen layer 4 'to the third layer 3 in FIG. 6 is effected by hot-bonding, since this is a non-self-adhesive material.
  • four-layer solar element S in turn can be easily placed on a roof after peeling off the release film 5 and cold bonded due to the self-adhesive properties of the fourth layer 4 on the ground.
  • both a full-surface, a strip-wise and also a selective bonding can take place again by the fourth, self-adhesive layer 4 is applied from the outset in this manner on the third layer 3, the substrate, during manufacture. The selection depends on the roof surface.
  • a rigid or flexible sheet metal can be used as the carrier material or a flexible or rigid sealing sheet as the carrier material.
  • a rigid or flexible sheet metal can be used as the carrier material or a flexible or rigid sealing sheet as the carrier material.
  • four-layered solar elements S arise as self-adhesive flexible solar strips or self-adhesive rigid solar panels.
  • the third layer 3 is again produced with respect to the first and second layer or the fourth layer 4 according to FIG. 9, preferably with a corresponding projection 6, so that an additional projection 6 is provided mechanical attachment of the solar panel or the solar strip on the roofs can be realized.
  • the third layer 3 is in turn produced with respect to the first and second layer or the fourth layer 4 'according to FIG. 10, preferably with a corresponding projection 6, so that a mechanical fastening of the solar plate or the solar strip to the Roofs is feasible.
  • the release film 5 ' is used in a mechanical attachment of the solar element S, according to Figure 6 or 10, again as a vapor barrier or vapor barrier and prevents moisture from penetrating in the direction of the first layer 1, the photovoltaic thin-film laminate.
  • the laying of a plurality of solar elements S according to FIGS. 5 and 6, in which the third layer 3 is designed as a geomembrane as a carrier material, can likewise take place directly on the roof over the entire area or over a partial area, by (as a supernatant 6 according to FIG. 9 or 10 missing) a laying on impact by means of H impartluftversch spaung is made.
  • a laying of the four-layered, non-self-adhesive solar elements S as non-self-adhesive solar panels or solar strips takes place after removal of the release film 5 'by applying an adhesive to the roof, as full-surface bonding with contact adhesive, hot bitumen, polymer modified bitumen or strip-wise bonding by means of contact adhesive, hot bitumen or polymer-modified bitumen ,
  • the selection of the installation again depends on the particular roof surface.
  • FIG. 7 shows, analogously to FIG. 3, a four-layer solar element S which has a coating of non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen 4 'in the edge regions R of the fourth layer 4.
  • the fourth layer 4 is otherwise in turn coated with self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen, the third layer 3 again, as already described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, of flexible or rigid sheet metal or flexible or rigid sealing membranes over the second layer 2 of self-adhesive, polymer-modified Bitumen 2 with the first layer 1, the photovoltaic thin-film laminate, cold or hot glued.
  • This embodiment in FIG. 7 again has the advantage that the self-adhesive, fourth layer 4 can be glued to the roof after the release film 5 has been removed, without having to separately apply adhesive or the like to the roof.
  • the edge regions R remain coated with the release films 5 'when the release layer 5 is removed because the release film 5, on the non-self-adhesive fourth edges R of the fourth layer 4', is removed when the release film 5 is pulled over the release film 5 '. remains. As a result, the edges remain exposed and do not stick first.
  • sheet metal according to DIN EN 10326/143 in the minimum grade S250GD with a coating AZ185 is preferably proposed.
  • a multilayer geomembrane which comprises a first, upper layer, as a patterned or non-patterned TPE layer and a second layer, as an EPDM layer with integrated Glasgelege and a third layer as a TPE layer.
  • this 7x to 8x higher value especially in the bonded, as well as the welded molds, in which a connection to a substrate 3 takes place later, could be detected.
  • the two-layer solar elements S described in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 can be applied in summary to carrier layers 3, such as uncoated or coated metals, plastics (except soft PVC, softened monomerically) or bituminous membranes or other geomembranes.
  • carrier layers 3 such as uncoated or coated metals, plastics (except soft PVC, softened monomerically) or bituminous membranes or other geomembranes.
  • the monomer softened PVC roofing membranes are, as already mentioned, the monomer softened PVC roofing membranes.
  • Self-adhesive layers 2, 4 are also very good hot air weldable as described above, but hot air welding is not necessary at all, mostly because of the self-adhesive properties.
  • the described impact hot air welding is made in spite of the self-adhesive properties in addition.
  • All multilayer solar elements S have a very high stability, especially at high temperatures, and have a very good compatibility with a variety of substrates 3 (roofing materials) on.
  • the coated with sheet or membranes, three- and four-layer solar elements S according to Figures 8, 9, 10 and 1 1 are performed for possible mechanical attachment or marginal hot air welding with at least one one-sided projection 6.
  • the supernatant 6 can of course also be provided on opposite or all edges or, for example, over the corner.
  • a one-sided design is shown in each case.
  • the layers 3, 4 or 3, 4 ' can only be fastened mechanically to the roof or, for example, the lower layer is mechanically fastened and the upper layer overlapping in the edge region 6 is adhesively bonded to the lower layer.
  • a further embodiment is also the overlapping bond in the edge region R by the respective supernatant 6 but entirely without mechanical attachment. This will be briefly discussed again with reference to FIGS. 8, 9, 10 and 11.
  • a solar element S according to FIG. 8 will preferably be a sheet metal as the third carrier material layer 3 and merely mechanically fastened by means of a one-sided or two-sided projection 6.
  • the fourth self-adhesive, polymer-modified bituminous layer 4 is applied to the third layer 3 by cold or hot bonding, that is to say by means of cold bonding or heat bonding. H. the application of the fourth layer 4 takes place in the cold or hot state of the polymer-modified bitumen, wherein the hot bitumen cools again after its application.
  • FIG. 9 preferably permits a self-adhesive attachment on a roof in one projection, two-sided or circumferential, by the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen layer 4.
  • An additional hot-air welding in the overlapping region (in the overhang 6) is possible.
  • the fourth non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bituminous layer 4 ' is applied to the third layer 3 by heat bonding, that is to say by means of heat bonding. H. the order of the fourth layer 4 'takes place in the hot state of the polymer-modified bitumen, which then cools again.
  • a solar element S according to FIG. 10 can be arranged in addition to the laying options described with reference to FIG. 6 so that when several solar elements S are laid, in which the third layer 3 is a geomembrane as support material, the entire surface is directly applied to the roof by a laying on impact, but overlapping in the supernatant 6, by means of hot air welding is performed.
  • the release film 5 'of Figure 10 is used in a mechanical attachment of the solar element S via the supernatant provided for fastening 6 as a vapor barrier and avoids moisture penetration in the direction of the first layer 1, the photovoltaic thin-film laminate. In the case of possible hot-air welding, the release film 5 'dissolves in the region of the overhang 6.
  • Figure 1 1 also shows the supernatant 6, which serves for the overlapping laying of the four-layer solar element S, as already described for Figure 7. When possibly additional, mechanical attachment of the supernatant 6 is also available.
  • the procedure is as follows.
  • self-adhesive and non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen is heated to a predeterminable temperature so that the bitumen is free-flowing.
  • the first layer 1 the photovoltaic thin-film laminate, over a
  • Thin-film laminates can be supplied in layers in self-adhesive and / or non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen.
  • This solution gives the two- layered solar elements S according to Figures 1, 2 and 3, wherein according to Figure 3, of course, only in the edge region R non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen is supplied.
  • the photovoltaic thin-layer laminate 1 is cooled by means of a cooling device in the region of the application of the polymer-modified bitumen on the upper side and / or lower side.
  • the thin-layer laminates provided with plugs and junction boxes can be guided without any problems along the respective supply containers without impairing these connections provided.
  • the already applied, second layers 2, 2 ' may also be cooled in the following region from the top and bottom in order, in a further step, to apply the applied layers 2, 2' via a smoothing device at a certain point. smoothing the available temperature.
  • separating layers 5, 5 ' which are output from a film material via a first feeding device and placed on the respective layer 2, 2'.
  • a further processing to a three-layered or multilayer solar elements S takes place in a continuous or discontinuous application process.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1 1A show the multilayered solar elements S according to FIGS. 1 to 11, but each with a polyester barrier film F which is provided on the underside of the photovoltaic thin film 1 by means of an adhesive K between the first photovoltaic thin film 1 and the second self-adhesive or non-self-adhesive layer 2, 2 '.
  • the self-adhesive polymer-modified bituminous layer 2 (see FIG. 1A) is either pressed against the polyester barrier film F by cold or heated rollers and is thereby connectable to the second layer 2 by means of cold bonding or heat bonding, after which the second layer 2 with the barrier film by means of the adhesive K to the underside of the first layer 1, the photovoltaic thin-film laminate, is adhered.
  • the non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bituminous layer 2 (FIG. 1A) is either pressed or rolled onto the polyester barrier film F by heated rollers and can therefore be connected to the second layer 2 by means of heat bonding, whereupon the second layer 2 is joined to the barrier film by means of the adhesive K. to the underside of the first layer 1, is glued to the photovoltaic thin-film laminate.
  • the multilayer solar element S according to FIG. 3A is produced analogously, but the central region is coated with self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen 2 and the edge regions R of the second layer 2 'with non-self-adhesive, polymer-modified bitumen with hot bonding.
  • the edge region R in the attachment of the solar element on a substrate and this type of coating has already been discussed in the description of Figure 3.
  • FIGS. 1A, 2A and 3A therefore show flexible solar strips as solar elements S, with a first layer 1 of photovoltaic thin-film laminate and an attached polyester barrier film F, in particular a polyethylene terephthalate film (PET film) or a polyethylene terephthalate / aluminum / polyethylene terephthalate film.
  • PET film polyethylene terephthalate film
  • FIGS 4A to 1 1A show the multilayer solar elements S in the other embodiments according to the descriptions of Figures 4 to 1 1, but with ankaschierter polyester barrier film F, in particular a polyethylene terephthalate film (PET film) or a polyethylene terephthalate / aluminum / Polyethylene terephthalate film (PET / Alu / PET film) for protecting the photovoltaic thin-film laminate 1 against chemical influences of the second self-adhesive and / or non-self-adhesive polymer-modified bituminous layer 2, 2 '.
  • PET film polyethylene terephthalate film
  • PET / Alu / PET film polyethylene terephthalate film
  • the user can thus, depending on the application of a variety of multi-layered

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément solaire multicouche (S) qui présente une première couche (1) constituée d'un stratifié à couches minces photovoltaïque, laquelle couche est recouverte sur sa face inférieure d'au moins une deuxième couche (2, 2') constituée d'un bitume modifié par polymère. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, un film barrière en polyester (F) est placé sur la face inférieure de la première couche (1), entre la première et la deuxième couche (1, 2, 2'), lequel film barrière est relié à la première couche (1) par un adhésif (K). L'invention concerne également un procédé pour recouvrir le stratifié à couches minces photovoltaïque à l'aide du bitume modifié par polymère pour la ou les deuxièmes couches (2, 2'), notamment à base de SBS, SIS ou APP. En outre, l'invention concerne les étapes nécessaires pour produire les éléments solaires multicouches (S), ainsi qu'un dispositif correspondant.
EP08856159A 2007-12-04 2008-12-04 Élément solaire multicouche Withdrawn EP2227831A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102007058750A DE102007058750A1 (de) 2007-12-04 2007-12-04 Mehrschichtiges Solarelement
DE202007017031U DE202007017031U1 (de) 2007-12-04 2007-12-04 Mehrschichtiges Solarelement
PCT/EP2008/066795 WO2009071627A2 (fr) 2007-12-04 2008-12-04 Élément solaire multicouche

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EP (1) EP2227831A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101999022A (fr)
AU (1) AU2008333222A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202008016190U1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2010005945A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009071627A2 (fr)

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US20110232737A1 (en) 2011-09-29
WO2009071627A3 (fr) 2010-01-21
DE202008016190U1 (de) 2009-03-19
WO2009071627A2 (fr) 2009-06-11
MX2010005945A (es) 2011-03-03
AU2008333222A1 (en) 2009-06-11
AU2008333222A2 (en) 2010-10-21
CN101999022A (zh) 2011-03-30

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