EP2217864B1 - Heizvorrichtung - Google Patents

Heizvorrichtung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2217864B1
EP2217864B1 EP08843215.8A EP08843215A EP2217864B1 EP 2217864 B1 EP2217864 B1 EP 2217864B1 EP 08843215 A EP08843215 A EP 08843215A EP 2217864 B1 EP2217864 B1 EP 2217864B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
elements
heating device
grating
grid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08843215.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2217864A2 (de
Inventor
Hartmut Eisenhauer
Elmar Mangold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stego Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
Stego Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stego Holding GmbH filed Critical Stego Holding GmbH
Priority to PL08843215T priority Critical patent/PL2217864T3/pl
Publication of EP2217864A2 publication Critical patent/EP2217864A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2217864B1 publication Critical patent/EP2217864B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872—PTC

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating device according to claim 1.
  • Such heaters are used in many ways, such. As in cabinets to keep the electronics contained therein, even at low outdoor temperatures to operating temperature or to avoid condensation. They are manufactured with different heat outputs in high quantities. The price accepted in the market is relatively low, in addition, known devices often have a high power consumption. The demand for environmentally friendly products is increasing.
  • the invention is based on the object to produce heaters of the type mentioned in simplified production with low cost, with environmental aspects should also be considered during operation of the heaters.
  • the grid elements are used as heat exchanger plates, which makes it possible, due to its openings, a high degree of turbulence of the medium flowing through, for. As air, while the flowing medium between the grid elements can calm down again. Thus, the heat output from the heater can be significantly increased and thus achieve a higher efficiency. At the same time, the heating elements are cooled by the heat exchange and are thus always ready for use.
  • opening variations so the use of different perforated grid or grid elements also a performance adjustment is possible (size, shape of the openings). There may be provided any opening shapes, z. As diamond-shaped, oval or round openings.
  • the at least one tensioning element By means of the at least one tensioning element, grid elements and heating element (s) can be joined together simply and without additional connecting measures, so that optimum heat transfer from the heating element to the grid elements is provided. So can z. B. be dispensed with electrically conductive adhesive bonds. The bracing allows the use of higher temperatures than would be possible with adhesive joints.
  • the grid elements with the at least one heating element arranged therebetween constitute a heating arrangement which can be produced in a simple manner with a low use of material and works efficiently.
  • the surface of the heat exchanger plate Due to the openings of the grid element, the surface of the heat exchanger plate is increased and also the flowing medium swirled, so that an improved heat energy release can be achieved. After turbulence, the medium expands and flows rather laminar to the next grid element. Turbulence and relaxation zones increase the efficiency of the heater.
  • longitudinal direction is meant here the direction of the construction of the heating device.
  • the grid elements are arranged one after the other in the housing so that they can be flowed through successively by the medium. That is, the housing can be flowed through in its longitudinal direction.
  • the longitudinal direction can also be referred to as the z-direction.
  • At least two heating arrangements are provided, wherein the heating arrangements are arranged in sandwiched relation to one another such that they are flowed through successively by the medium.
  • the heating elements and the at least one clamping element are arranged such that the heating elements and contact areas are superimposed and braced against each other over the entire Schuanssenen away.
  • the grid elements, in particular the contact areas must be as level as possible support surface for the heating elements, for. B. PTC elements to achieve the best possible heat transfer between the heating elements and the grid elements. This is a factor to get as much power from the heater as possible.
  • a fan is arranged in the housing for generating the medium flow. This ensures that sufficient heat energy generated by the heating element or the heating elements is released to the environment.
  • the grid elements are formed of electrically conductive material and the power supply means are formed and on the grid elements arranged that the energization of the at least one heating element via the grid elements takes place. Since both heat flows and electric currents flow in the arrangement according to the invention, the arrangement is constructed such that this is made possible in a simple manner, without having to provide between the heating elements and grid elements isolation areas (the heat dissipation or the heat transfer from the heating element to the grid element would complicate). Thus, the current path leads via the grid elements to the heating elements, at the same time an optimal exchange of heat energy is possible.
  • heating elements are suitable, as already noted PTC elements. But other heating elements can be provided for this purpose.
  • the heating arrangements are arranged one above the other in the housing in the longitudinal direction, that is to say in the flow direction, the contact areas are also superimposed, the heating elements being provided between the contact areas within a heating arrangement.
  • care must be taken that the power supply devices are arranged and configured in such a way that the heating elements, in particular the PTC elements, are connected in parallel, since this is the only way to ensure frictionless operation of the heating device.
  • PTC elements (positive temperature coefficient) conduct the current very well at low temperatures, while with increasing temperature their electrical resistance also increases. Thus, PTC elements are self-limiting because they shut off at a certain temperature. Overheating is thus avoided.
  • At least one spacer is provided between the heater assemblies, which is preferably configured so that all the grid members are substantially the same distance apart.
  • the grid elements within a heating arrangement are advantageously spaced from each other by the at least one heating element.
  • the spacer is then preferably designed such that the mutually facing grid elements of the successively arranged heating arrangements are likewise spaced from each other, wherein the distance is preferably substantially corresponds to the distance of the grid elements in a heating arrangement.
  • the arrangement must be provided in such a way that a current path is passed through the plurality of heating arrangements and thus the power supply of the heating elements is ensured.
  • the distances electrical specifications from VDE must be observed anyway. Also, the distances must be designed such that actually calming zones for the flowing medium, as mentioned above, can form. The distance is also predetermined by the spring, which takes over the bias voltage, the electrical contact and the corresponding thermal decoupling to the adjacent series-arranged PTC.
  • a solution according to the invention provides that contact areas are provided on opposite edges of the grid elements. So the contact areas z. B. may be arranged on two opposite sides. Thus, a plurality of heating elements can be arranged in a sandwich-like arrangement at the contact regions of a grid element to form a stable stack of grid elements and heating elements.
  • the spacers are further provided, as already described above, wherein these are also arranged in the region of the contact areas and heating elements such that they contribute to the stability of the stack.
  • a bridge element or headband is provided and designed as a clamping element that surrounds the at least two heating arrangements and clamps the grid elements and the heating elements against each other. That is, the bridge element is used to hold the heating arrangements, wherein the cohesion between the grid elements and the at least one heating element is ensured by the bridge element and within each heating arrangement.
  • the bridge element takes over - as will be explained in more detail later - the task of power management.
  • a single heating arrangement may also be surrounded by the bridge element in order to keep the grid elements and the at least one heating element braced in position and against each other.
  • the bridge element is formed with spacer elements in such a way that the at least one heating arrangement can be stored in the housing such that it can be fixed and spaced apart from the fan and / or the housing.
  • the spacer elements preferably extend out of the bridge region in such a way that, for example, they bear against projections in the interior of the housing or are clamped between them and thus hold the heating arrangement (s) in position in the interior of the housing.
  • a suitable spacing to other components in the housing, for. B. to the blower be guaranteed.
  • the bridge element in this case can take over the positioning of the heating arrangement in the housing, so that a functional operation of the heater is ensured.
  • the at least one, preferably arranged between the heating arrangements spacers to form an additional clamping element is resilient and acts z. B. counter to the bridge element.
  • the spacer is, as already described above, z. B. between the heating arrangements arranged to ensure a spacing of the heating arrangements.
  • a resilient design allows the grid elements and heating elements are all braced against each other for improved contact.
  • the resilient spacer allows for relatively stiff bridge element different balancing options for a variety of heating arrangements. So can with the resilient spacers z. B. different thicknesses of the grid and / or heating elements or their number can be compensated within a bridge element. Also can be z. B.
  • the spacers are preferably integrated between the heating arrangements in such a way that they contact the adjoining grid elements essentially over the entire contact area in order to achieve a uniform tension (line contact).
  • the clamping effect is improved by the expansion of the material of the clamping elements at higher temperatures.
  • a solution according to the invention provides that the bridge element and / or the at least one spacer are designed as power supply devices. By means of the integration of these elements into the current path, a suitable energization of the heating elements, in particular of the PTC elements, can be provided.
  • springs As spacers, a variety of types of springs can be used, such. B. a simple V-plate, but also screw or plate spring.
  • the at least one heating element and / or the grid elements and possibly the at least one spacer are mounted in receiving areas of a frame element, wherein the receiving areas are formed such that the at least one heating element and / or the grid elements and possibly the at least one spacer substantially are fixed perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and removably arranged in the longitudinal direction, wherein the at least one heating element and possibly the at least one spacer in the longitudinal direction abut the contact region of the grid elements.
  • the components (eg heating element and spacers) mounted in the receiving areas are displaceable only in the longitudinal direction (assumed z-direction) and fixed in the x and y directions.
  • the receiving area for the grid elements is formed by fixing protrusions on the frame element, so that the two grid elements surrounding the heating element or the heating elements can be arranged substantially centered on the frame element.
  • the fixing projections point in the z-direction both downwards and upwards in order to be able to receive both grid elements.
  • the contact areas at z. B. two opposite sides or edges provided on a grid element, the receiving areas are arranged in the frame elements accordingly, that is, the receiving areas are located on two opposite sides or edges of the frame members. This is the only way to ensure that the heating elements can contact the contact areas.
  • the frame member is formed with spacer elements such that the at least one heating arrangement is spaced from the housing in this storable. That is, the frame element has z. B. projections, which prevent an approach of the heating arrangement (s) to the housing wall. This ensures adequate ventilation and cooling of the heating elements (direct cooling) while protecting the housing from overheating.
  • the spacer elements also serve as a mounting guide to introduce the mounted heater assembly in the housing for final assembly of the heater can. This facilitates the manufacturing process.
  • the frame element is preferably designed such that the opposing receiving areas are connected to each other by means of a center strut.
  • the strut serves the stability of the frame member, especially in the tension of the elements against each other and also as an assembly and positioning aid.
  • the frame member can be the heating element or can hold the heating elements in the desired position.
  • the grid element comprises an expanded metal grid and / or a stamped grid.
  • Wall areas that the opening of the grid elements may be at least partially aligned obliquely to the longitudinal direction (concerning the structure of the heater). That is, the wall portions may not only be aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction, but are tilted with respect to this. It is also possible for the wall areas to project upwards and / or downwards with respect to the longitudinal direction beyond the opening (this will be described in more detail below). Thus, a higher degree of turbulence of the medium is achieved when flowing through the grid element, as is already given in a perforated grid anyway.
  • the laminar flow can be "torn open” in lattices and in particular in expanded lattices or structured lattices and thus also the insulating air or medium layers.
  • the turbulence ensures that more cold air is led to the heat-emitting surfaces and so ultimately an increased performance can be achieved.
  • the wall areas may therefore protrude or elevations may extend out of the grid plane having wall areas whose orientation is at least partially oblique with respect to the longitudinal direction.
  • a high degree of turbulence and thus an increase in the efficiency of the heating device can be achieved in particular with structured gratings (eg elevations in the longitudinal or z-direction, eg corrugated and thus structurally structured).
  • Expanded metal mesh generally have more area than that, in particular because of the oblique surface areas.
  • the medium can heat up without increased flow resistance longer and the expanded metal can simultaneously perform better its cooling function.
  • stamped grid can be the grid openings z. B. shape arbitrarily.
  • expanded metal meshes the production process often results in "distorted" wall areas, as may be desired here.
  • subsections (in lattice plane or beyond standing) of the grid elements may be directed obliquely to the plate surface and thus to the flow direction, so that more surface is available for the heat exchange and the turbulence is favored.
  • Expanded metal mesh are inexpensive to produce, especially because no waste is produced.
  • the lattice openings occur in expanded metals by punching cuts and then deforming the grid (eg, pulling the cuts apart). Due to the material-saving production method of expanded metals, these are particularly suitable to meet the demand for low-cost heating devices.
  • Expanded metal has an optionally grooved, plastically structured surface (with oblique areas), which promotes turbulence.
  • expanded metal meshes have a high strength and surface stability.
  • the grid structures can be adapted to different performances, so that the air flow can be increased or decreased. This influences the heat extraction of the heating elements. Also PTC elements with different power can be used.
  • the grid elements have at least one opening-free contact area. This is advantageous, in particular, in the case of structured grid elements which, due to their structuring, do not have a uniformly smooth surface and therefore also no contact area which would allow complete coverage of the heating elements over the entire contact area. For a perforated grid with a flat surface Heating elements can also rest on the hole area. However, an explicit contact area (without openings) also improves the heat transfer here.
  • the heating elements and the contact regions extend substantially over in each case the entire edge of the grid elements.
  • the largest possible support or investment or contact area is used for optimum heat transfer.
  • a plurality of heating arrangements can be provided in a heating device, depending on the needs and size of the heating device.
  • the heating device is variable in all three dimensions, d. H. the dimension of the heater can be changed as needed.
  • the wall regions of the at least one expanded metal lattice surrounding the openings are preferably aligned at least partially obliquely with respect to the flow direction.
  • the openings may alternatively or additionally in each case be surrounded at least by an elevation extending at least partially obliquely from the lattice plane in the flow direction and extending at right angles to the flow direction.
  • portions (in lattice plane or beyond standing) of the heat exchanger plate comprising an expanded metal mesh be obliquely directed to the plate surface and thus to the flow direction, so that more space is available for the heat exchange and the turbulence is favored.
  • Expanded metal mesh usually have (already because of the openings, but) in particular due to the inclined surface areas more area than such.
  • the medium can heat up or cool without increased flow resistance due to larger contact surface longer.
  • the laminar flow can be "torn open” with oblique regions and thus also the insulating air or medium layers, precisely with expanded lattices or structured lattices (lattices which at least partially have a non-planar surface, for example corrugated).
  • the turbulence ensures that increasingly still substantially unheated or uncooled medium is fed to the heat exchanger plate and so ultimately increased performance of the heat exchanger can be achieved. After the tearing of the laminar flow, the heated or cooled air can then relax again and be continued evenly.
  • the heat sources are preferably designed as PTC elements.
  • PTC elements positive temperature coefficient
  • PTC elements are self-limiting because they shut off at a certain temperature. Overheating is thus avoided.
  • Each of the at least two heat exchanger plates has at least one contact region and is arranged such that it receives the heat energy from the heat source substantially over the contact region. Since the at least one heat source should contact the expanded metal grid over as large a surface as possible for good heat transfer, the contact areas should be designed as flat as possible. In the case of expanded metal lattices, in particular with the elevations described above, a separate, in particular unperforated, region can be provided for this purpose, which makes it possible to make contact with the heat source. Plate and heat source are thus sandwiched together.
  • At least two heat exchanger plates are provided, which are arranged in such a way that they are successively flowed through by the medium, wherein the at least one heat source is arranged between the two heat exchanger plates.
  • the heat source (or the multiple elements) can deliver the heat energy to both the top, and to the bottom grid, so as to increase the performance of the heat exchanger.
  • the two plates then form a heat transfer arrangement with the at least one interposed heat source.
  • the at least one tensioning element is designed and arranged such that the heat exchanger plate or the heat exchanger plates and the at least one heat source are arranged clamped against one another in order to contact them.
  • a bridge element may be provided, which surrounds the at least one heat exchanger plate and the at least one heat source and thus ensures cohesion and good contact between the plate and the heat source.
  • two heat transfer assemblies may be sandwiched together so that the medium flows through the two assemblies sequentially.
  • the arrangements may be spaced apart from each other, wherein the medium flow impinges substantially perpendicular to the lattice planes.
  • the tensioning element eg bridge element
  • the spacing between the two heat transfer arrangements can be realized by at least one spacer, which is preferably used as a further clamping element, for. B. a V-plate, is formed and counteracts the bridge element.
  • two contact areas are preferably provided, which are arranged on two opposite edges of the heat exchanger plate (s). Accordingly, a plurality of heat sources can be arranged to form a stable stack of heat exchanger plates and heat sources, with the sources and the contact areas overlying each other.
  • the formation of stable stacks is particularly relevant in heat transfer arrangements in which a heat source is arranged between two grids. At least two heat sources can then be arranged on the expanded metal grid (or also on one). Even so, the efficiency of the heat exchanger can be increased.
  • the at least one heat source and / or the at least one expanded metal grid are mounted in receiving areas of a frame element, wherein the receiving areas are formed such that the at least one heat source and / or the expanded metal grid fixed substantially perpendicular to the flow direction and removably arranged in the flow direction and wherein the at least one heat source rests in the flow direction at the contact region of the at least one expanded metal lattice.
  • the components mounted in the receiving areas are displaceable only in the flow direction (assumed z-direction) and fixed in the x and y directions. This facilitates the assembly of the heat exchanger and also the positioning of the heat source and the plates.
  • the receiving area for the expanded metal grids ie for the heat exchanger plates, is formed by fixing protrusions on the frame element, so that the expanded metal mesh or grids (which surround the heat source or sources) can be arranged substantially centered on the frame element.
  • the fixing projections point in the z-direction both downwards and upwards in order to be able to receive two grid elements.
  • the contact areas at z. B. two opposite sides or edges provided on a grid element, the receiving areas are arranged in the frame elements accordingly, that is, the receiving areas are located on two opposite sides or edges of the frame members. This is the only way to ensure that the heat sources can contact the contact areas optimally.
  • power supply means are designed and provided such that the at least one heat source can be supplied with power via the at least two heat exchanger plates.
  • the PTC elements can be so easily supplied with power.
  • the power supply devices in each case one connection of the power supply devices to a respective expanded metal grid mounted in such a way that the PTC elements are connected in parallel (only so their proper operation is guaranteed).
  • the clamping elements bridge element and spacers
  • the clamping elements can be designed to be electrically conductive and form part of the power supply devices.
  • the heat sources are supplied directly with electricity.
  • the elements, eg. B. the cooling sources are provided as cooling coils and are outside the heat transfer arrangement, for. B. cooled in an air conditioner.
  • heating elements z. B. also Peltier elements applicable.
  • heat exchangers according to the invention can be efficiently transferred heat energy, wherein the heat transfer assembly is constructed of environmentally friendly materials.
  • heating arrangements grid elements, frame elements, bridge elements and spacers are each provided with their own reference character.
  • the other elements such.
  • the details designated for a heating arrangement or for a grid element or a frame element can also be found in the second heating arrangement or in the other grid or frame elements.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the heating device 10 according to the invention in a perspective view.
  • the heater 10 includes a housing 20 that generally houses heater assemblies 30, 31 and a blower 100 for generating a medium flow.
  • the housing 20 can be traversed in a longitudinal direction L of the fluid medium and therefore has both at one Top and on a bottom, a protective grid 22, 23, through which the medium flow is conductive and at the same time prevent engagement in the housing interior.
  • the fan 100 Over the underside of the housing 20 and through the protective grid 23 at the bottom (more clearly visible in FIG Fig. 5
  • the fan 100 sucks ambient air and conveys it through the heater assemblies 30, 31 and the guard 22 at the top of the housing 20 into the environment.
  • the heating assemblies 30, 31 are arranged for generating the required heat energy.
  • the heating arrangements 30, 31 are described in more detail.
  • two heating assemblies 30, 31 are provided here, which are coupled together.
  • the heating assemblies 30, 31 are sandwiched together so as to flow through the medium in succession.
  • a heating arrangement 30 or 31 comprises at least two grid elements 40, 41 or 42, 43 which are provided as heat exchanger plates.
  • the grid elements 40, 41 or 42, 43 have openings 44 through which the medium can flow, for example, to deliver the sucked by the fan 100 air through the housing 20 back into the environment (heated).
  • the grating elements 40, 41 or 42, 43 or the lattice planes 46 are designed to exchange heat energy between the plate and the fluid medium and are arranged in the housing (see also FIG Fig. 1 ) that the lattice planes 46 of the grid elements 40, 41 or 42, 43 are arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L, so that the medium flow is oriented substantially perpendicular to the lattice planes 46.
  • heating elements 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d are arranged, which can deliver the heat generated to the grid elements 40, 41, 42, 43.
  • the heating elements 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d are here preferably PTC elements.
  • the PTC elements are mounted in a four-sided frame member 60 and 62, respectively, so that they can touch the gratings with their surfaces in the longitudinal direction L, are fixed in all other directions, substantially perpendicular to this longitudinal direction L.
  • the frame elements 60, 62 have receiving areas 63a, 63b, which are connected to each other by a center bar 65.
  • the receiving areas 63a, 63b are arranged on opposite edges 67a, 67b of a respective frame element 60, 62, so that each frame element can accommodate at least two heating elements.
  • standard PTC elements are used, so that two PTC elements 50a, 50b or 50c, 50d and thus a total of four elements 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d are accommodated in each receiving element in each frame element 60, 62.
  • the grid elements 40, 41, 42, 43 unperforated areas, namely contact areas 45a, 45b, over which the heating elements 50a, 50b and 50c, 50d abut the grid elements 40, 41, 42, 43.
  • the contact areas 45a, 45b lie opposite one another - corresponding to the receiving areas 63a, 63b of the frame elements 60, 62 - on two edges 47a, 47b of the grid elements, so that the heating elements can contact the contact areas.
  • the heat energy from the heating elements 50a, 50b and 50c, 50d is transferred substantially via the contact region 45a, 45b to the grid elements 40, 41, 42, 43, wherein the heating elements are cooled simultaneously via the grid elements.
  • the grid elements 40, 41, 42, 43 are formed as a simple perforated grid, as with Fig. 7 is shown.
  • the contact regions 45a, 45b could also be formed perforated, since the heating elements 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d always lie flat against the grid element.
  • structured grating ie grid elements z. B. have elevations in the longitudinal direction, offer unperforated, flat contact areas in order to guarantee a uniform concern of the heating elements. The elevations around the openings are given for example in expanded metal meshes, wherein the structuring z. B. can be generated with the manufacturing process of the grid.
  • the apertures may be surrounded by stamped material of deformed material (due to the manufacturing process of the openings), wherein the material then protrudes from the lattice plane in the longitudinal or z-direction L.
  • any elevations can be produced in a simple manner. These elevations increase the Verwirbelungsgrad the flowing medium, so that the efficiency of the heater increased can be. A particularly good turbulence can be achieved if the elevations have wall regions which are at least partially obliquely directed with respect to the longitudinal direction of the arrangement.
  • the openings themselves in the lattice plane
  • openings 44 Due to the openings 44, in particular with inclined wall areas in the lattice plane 46 and / or elevations that are formed around the openings 44 and projecting out of the lattice plane 46 and the adjoining barrier-free space (possibly to the next grid element) can be swirling - Set up and relaxation zones for the medium flow, which significantly increase the efficiency of the heater. That is, after the turbulence, the medium flow calms down and can then be continued substantially laminar with changed heat energy.
  • the frame elements 60, 62 have fixing projections 64 on the sides or edges, on which no heating elements are arranged, which also define a further receiving region 63c for the grid elements 40, 41, 42, 43.
  • the fixing projections 64 extend in the longitudinal direction L both downwards and upwards, so that both grid elements can be fixed to the frame element.
  • the spacer elements 66a, 66c, 66d also serve as an assembly aid in order to be able to more easily insert the heating arrangements 30, 31 into the housing.
  • FIG. 2 can also be removed, another frame member 61 between the two heating assemblies 30, 31 is arranged.
  • this frame element 61 fixes the two adjoining grid elements 41, 42 of the two heating arrangements 30, 31 on the one hand via the fixing projections 64; on the other hand, spacers 80, 81 are held in place via the two receiving areas 63a, 63b for the heating elements. That is, instead of the heating elements here spacers 80, 81 are provided, so that the two heating assemblies 30, 31 are arranged spaced from each other.
  • Two bridge elements 70, 71 surround the two heating arrangements 30, 31 - in particular Fig. 3 can be seen - on each opposite sides, to which the contact areas 45a, 45b are provided, with a kind of gripping arms.
  • the bridge elements 70, 71 are designed as clamping elements in such a way that they surround the at least two heating arrangements 30, 31 and brace the grid elements 40, 41, 42, 43 and the heating elements 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d in each of the frame elements 60, 62 (press each other).
  • the bridge element 70, 71 can assume the positioning of the heating arrangements 30, 31 in the housing 20 in this case, so that a functionally correct operation of the heating device 10 is ensured.
  • FIG. 8 Another embodiment of a bridge element, as it can also be used, is with Fig. 8 shown.
  • This element 70 'fulfills the same function as that described above, but the gripping arms are formed bent here. The bend is designed such that an insertion bevel is provided and the bridge element more easily engages with the heating arrangements. This facilitates the manufacturing process, especially in automated operation.
  • the spacers 80, 81 arranged between the two heating arrangements 30, 31 are in this case designed as further clamping elements which counteract the bridge elements 70, 71.
  • Grid elements 40, 41, 42, 43 and heating elements 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d are braced against each other by means of the clamping elements (bridge elements, spacers) for their contact, so as to achieve optimum heat transfer from the heating elements to ensure the grid element and to substantially avoid play between the components.
  • bridge element (s) 70, 71 and spacer (s) 80, 81 allows optimal clamping of heating and grid elements against each other, wherein the clamping force is adjustable.
  • z. B. different types of springs are applied.
  • z. B. trough-shaped V-plates 80, 81 are provided, which press over the heating elements over their entire length to the respective contact areas (line contact). The bracing allows the use of higher temperatures than would be possible with an adhesive bond.
  • current supply means 90, 91 are provided, which according to the FIGS. 2 and 3 on two of the grid elements 40, 42 connected terminals include.
  • the spacers 80, 81 (V-plates) and the bridge elements 70, 71 are formed of electrically conductive material.
  • PTC elements 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d of all heating arrangements 30, 31 must be connected in parallel.
  • a respective power supply device (connection) is arranged on the first and penultimate grids, counted in the longitudinal direction from top to bottom.
  • the current path thus leads from the uppermost grid element 40 on the one hand via the upper PTC elements and the grid element 41 to the spacers 80, 81 and on the other hand via the bridge elements to the lowermost grid element 43, to the lower PTC elements and then to the grid element 42 and to the spacers 80, 81.
  • the terminals of the power supply means 90, 91 are connected to the grid elements z. B. welded (eg., With a spot welder), soldered or fixed by means of a crimping process or a riveting process.
  • Fig. 4 shows an equivalent circuit diagram, as is the embodiment of the FIGS. 2 and 3 equivalent.
  • the PTC elements are shown as resistors connected in parallel (here only the reference numeral 50a is for one of the heating elements in a frame element shown).
  • a power supply device (connection) 90 is arranged on the first and a further power supply device (connection) 91 on the third and thus penultimate grating element 40, 42.
  • the bridge element 71 surrounds the circuit. Between the two heating arrangements 30, 31 of the spacers 80 or 81 is located.
  • the circuit is shown simplified. So z. B. only one connecting line as a spacer and only one bridge element located.
  • the heater could be realized.
  • the current would be supplied via one grid element and dissipated again via the other.
  • a clamping element for holding grid and heating elements bridge elements could again be provided, which would then have to be formed of electrically insulating material.
  • Fig. 5 shows the embodiment according to Fig. 1 in a further perspective view, so that the lower protective grid 23 is visible. Again, the housing 20 is shown again cut, the two heating assemblies 30, 31 and the fan 100 can be seen.
  • Fig. 6 shows the embodiment according to Fig. 1 in a further perspective view.
  • the housing 20 is shown here from behind.
  • hook elements 24 which are fastened to the housing 20, the heating device 10 can be fastened, for example, to a rail located in a control cabinet. Also possible is a clip attachment.
  • the housing 20 is designed such that the heating device 10 can also be fastened laterally.
  • Fig. 7 shows a perforated grid having explicit contact areas 45a, 45b at the edges 47a, 47b of the grid element (eg 40). At these contact areas are the heating element, so that a good heat transfer from the heating element on the grid or is guaranteed.
  • cooling elements can also be used instead of the heating elements, so that a cooling device is provided here.
  • the heating device is designed in such a way that the medium (that is to say for example air) flows essentially in the longitudinal direction through the housing, that is to say through the heating device.
  • the medium flow is fluidizable (as described above).
  • the medium flow can and should at least partially and temporarily also flow in directions which do not run parallel to the longitudinal direction.
  • the heating device according to the invention With the heating device according to the invention with the heating arrangement described here, it is possible in a simple manner to heat a space provided for this purpose, since a high power density through controlled heating is possible here.
  • the heater is constructed from environmentally friendly materials and can be operated at low operating costs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
EP08843215.8A 2007-10-18 2008-10-16 Heizvorrichtung Active EP2217864B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08843215T PL2217864T3 (pl) 2007-10-18 2008-10-16 Urządzenie grzewcze

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007049967 2007-10-18
DE102007049957 2007-10-18
DE102008030212A DE102008030212A1 (de) 2007-10-18 2008-06-25 Heizvorrichtung und Wärmetauscher
PCT/EP2008/008786 WO2009052994A2 (de) 2007-10-18 2008-10-16 Heizvorrichtung und wärmetauscher

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2217864A2 EP2217864A2 (de) 2010-08-18
EP2217864B1 true EP2217864B1 (de) 2015-04-08

Family

ID=40459074

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08843215.8A Active EP2217864B1 (de) 2007-10-18 2008-10-16 Heizvorrichtung

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US8478117B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2217864B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5412435B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101559598B1 (zh)
CN (2) CN101868675B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0818032B1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102008030212A1 (zh)
DK (1) DK2217864T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2541460T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1145867A1 (zh)
PL (1) PL2217864T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT2217864E (zh)
WO (1) WO2009052994A2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103826423B (zh) * 2011-05-16 2017-06-20 华为技术有限公司 散热装置和户外通讯设备
JP2013071619A (ja) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 熱媒体加熱装置およびそれを備えた車両用空調装置
DE102011054752B4 (de) * 2011-10-24 2014-09-04 Stego-Holding Gmbh Kühl- und Haltekörper für Heizelemente, Heizgerät und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kühl- und Haltekörpers
DE102011054750B4 (de) 2011-10-24 2014-08-21 Stego-Holding Gmbh Kühl- und Haltekörper für Heizelemente, Heizgerät und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kühl- und Haltekörpers
DE102013001441B4 (de) * 2013-01-29 2015-07-16 Esw Gmbh Heizungsanordnung zum Aufheizen eines die Heizungsanordnung durchströmenden Mediums
JP6033261B2 (ja) * 2013-06-28 2016-11-30 貞徳舎株式会社 熱風生成装置
DE102013010858B4 (de) * 2013-06-28 2019-07-18 Webasto SE Elektrisches Heizgerät, Fahrzeug mit einem elektrischen Heizgerät und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Heizgerätes
EP3045836B8 (en) 2015-01-15 2019-07-10 Stylianos Giannoulis Heating device
EP3139107B1 (de) 2015-09-04 2019-08-28 Lumenion GmbH Wärmespeichervorrichtung und verfahren zum betreiben einer wärmespeichervorrichtung
EP3225304A1 (de) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-04 Hirschberg Engineering Kontakter
DE102016011311A1 (de) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-22 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Gasgekühlte Stromzuführung
EP3379191B1 (de) 2017-03-20 2020-03-11 Lumenion GmbH Wärmespeichervorrichtung und verfahren zum betreiben einer wärmespeichervorrichtung
KR101912247B1 (ko) 2017-08-29 2018-10-29 린나이코리아 주식회사 보일러용 열교환기
DE102018217030A1 (de) * 2018-10-04 2020-04-09 Mahle International Gmbh Elektrische Heizeinrichtung
DE102019127093A1 (de) * 2019-10-09 2021-04-15 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH Heizgeräteträgeranordnung
DE102020200592A1 (de) * 2020-01-20 2021-07-22 Mahle International Gmbh Heizelementanordnung für eine Heizvorrichtung eines Fahrzeuges

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50148059U (zh) * 1974-05-24 1975-12-09
JPS5747653Y2 (zh) * 1974-07-03 1982-10-19
JPS6358331A (ja) 1986-08-28 1988-03-14 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 感光材料先端処理方法
JPH073168Y2 (ja) * 1988-04-27 1995-01-30 ダイキン工業株式会社 熱交換器
JPH0245373U (zh) * 1988-09-26 1990-03-28
JP2864040B2 (ja) 1990-04-24 1999-03-03 アマノ株式会社 スケジューリングタイムレコーダ
JPH0558137U (ja) * 1992-01-20 1993-08-03 ヤマハ株式会社 スチームサウナ装置
US6600836B1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2003-07-29 Qualcomm, Incorporated Quality based image compression
US20030095795A1 (en) * 2001-11-21 2003-05-22 Birdsell Walter G. PTC heating element
DE102004057530A1 (de) 2004-11-29 2006-06-01 Stego-Holding Gmbh Heizlüfter
DE202005012394U1 (de) 2005-08-06 2005-12-08 Microhellix Systems Gmbh Elektrisches Heizmodul zur Luftstromerwärmung, insbesondere in Fahrzeugen
DE102006018784B4 (de) * 2005-12-20 2007-12-20 Beru Ag Elektrische Heizvorrichtung, insbesondere für Automobile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2541460T3 (es) 2015-07-20
KR101559598B1 (ko) 2015-10-15
EP2217864A2 (de) 2010-08-18
DE102008030212A1 (de) 2009-04-23
BRPI0818032A2 (pt) 2015-03-24
US8478117B2 (en) 2013-07-02
US20100220985A1 (en) 2010-09-02
CN103256717A (zh) 2013-08-21
CN101868675B (zh) 2013-08-21
WO2009052994A2 (de) 2009-04-30
CN101868675A (zh) 2010-10-20
KR20100089083A (ko) 2010-08-11
JP2011519410A (ja) 2011-07-07
HK1145867A1 (zh) 2011-05-06
WO2009052994A3 (de) 2010-03-25
PL2217864T3 (pl) 2015-08-31
DK2217864T3 (en) 2015-06-29
CN103256717B (zh) 2015-08-19
PT2217864E (pt) 2015-08-21
JP5412435B2 (ja) 2014-02-12
BRPI0818032B1 (pt) 2021-03-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2217864B1 (de) Heizvorrichtung
EP1790916B1 (de) Elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit Toleranz-PTC-Heizelement
EP0705055B1 (de) Elektrische Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102008034876B4 (de) Batterie mit einer in einem Batteriegehäuse angeordneten Wärmeleitplatte zum Temperieren der Batterie und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Batterie
EP1847786B1 (de) Heizeinrichtung
EP1772684A2 (de) Elektrisches Heizmodul zur Luftstromerwärmung, insbesondere zur Heizung und Belüftung von Sitzen
DE19925757B4 (de) Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE4404345A1 (de) Elektrischer Heizradiator, insbesondere für den Fahrgastraum eines Kraftfahrzeuges
EP1318694A1 (de) Elektrische Heizvorrichtung
EP1253808A2 (de) Elektrische Heizvorrichtung, insbesondere für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen
EP2854211A1 (de) Heiz- und Kühlvorrichtung für eine Batterie
EP1395098A1 (de) Elektrische Heizung für Kraftfahrzeuge
WO2006012963A1 (de) Heizungsanordnung mit einem heizelement, insbesondere für ein kraftfahrzeug
EP1327834A1 (de) Radiatorelement für eine Heizvorrichtung
EP1926346B1 (de) Elektrische Heizungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug
EP1687572B1 (de) Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für eine Heizungs- oder Klimaanlage
EP3749073B1 (de) Elektrisches gerät
DE3619919C2 (de) Quarz-Infrarotstrahler
DE2533936A1 (de) Elektrischer heizkoerper fuer hausgeraete o.dgl.
EP2151639B1 (de) Wärmeübertrager
DE4104521C2 (de) PTC-Heizelement
EP1253032A2 (de) Elektrische Heizeinrichtung mit in einem Rahmen gehaltenen Heizblock
DE102009033987B4 (de) Heizvorrichtung
DE3914897C2 (zh)
DE102022130226A1 (de) Batterie für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20100512

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA MK RS

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1145867

Country of ref document: HK

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20130919

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20141020

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 720891

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20150515

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502008012871

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20150521

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20150623

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2541460

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20150720

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20150702

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PL

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: GR

Ref document number: 1145867

Country of ref document: HK

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150708

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150709

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150808

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502008012871

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150408

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20160111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151016

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20151031

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20151031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20151016

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20081016

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150408

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20181025

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20191025

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 720891

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20191016

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191016

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20201031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201031

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230602

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20230628

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20230927

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20230919

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20231026

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231024

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20231110

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20231023

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20231024

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231026

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20231023

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231030

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20231013

Year of fee payment: 16