EP2204571A1 - Injecteur de carburant doté d'un actionneur piézoélectrique - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant doté d'un actionneur piézoélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2204571A1
EP2204571A1 EP09174557A EP09174557A EP2204571A1 EP 2204571 A1 EP2204571 A1 EP 2204571A1 EP 09174557 A EP09174557 A EP 09174557A EP 09174557 A EP09174557 A EP 09174557A EP 2204571 A1 EP2204571 A1 EP 2204571A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injector
coupler
valve
valve element
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09174557A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2204571B1 (fr
Inventor
Jochen Doehring
Andreas Ellenschlaeger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2204571A1 publication Critical patent/EP2204571A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2204571B1 publication Critical patent/EP2204571B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/705—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with means for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber, e.g. for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F02M2200/706—Valves for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector, in particular a common rail injector, for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • Fuel injectors are known with a piezoelectric actuator for actuating a control valve, wherein the piezoelectric actuator via a hydraulic coupler, comprising a coupler piston and a working piston, is coupled to the control valve element.
  • a hydraulic coupler comprising a coupler piston and a working piston
  • the refilling of the coupler volume also takes place via these guide games.
  • a disadvantage of such fuel injectors is that it can lead to an idling of the coupler volume and thus to a failure of the fuel injector. This is due to the fact that for very long or many short switching times, the leakage from the coupler volume is greater than the re-filling, since the refilling takes place at a much lower pressure difference.
  • the DE 197 38 351 A1 shows a fuel injector with an electromagnetic actuator with which a kugelkalottenförmiges control valve element is axially actuated.
  • the known fuel injector is not suitable for switching pressures beyond 2000bar.
  • the invention has for its object to optimize a fuel injector with piezoelectric actuator and hydraulic coupler with a view to improved refilling at an increased number of injections per stroke. From this follows an optimization of the switching time as well as an increased number of switching cycles.
  • the invention has recognized that the switching time of the fuel injector can be improved if the dead volume of the check valve serving to replenish the volume of the coupler is minimized.
  • the invention proposes to deviate from a spherical shape of the valve element, so as to be able to minimize the valve element receiving, essentially determining the dead volume valve chamber of the check valve.
  • the invention proposes at the same time to provide on the valve element a flat surface portion (flat portion), which is preferably arranged such that the fuel from the coupler volume for closing (kickback) of the check valve perpendicular to press the plane surface section.
  • the switching cycle can be reduced and, secondly, the switching time can be reduced. It is the Reduction of the switching time essentially due to the reduction of the dead volume, which in turn leads to an increase in rigidity of the entire hydraulic coupler (coupler module). Overall, there is thus an improvement in the entire hydraulic coupler behavior.
  • the inventive construction of the valve element of the check valve allows a particularly preferred embodiment of the check valve, in which this manages without valve spring. In other words, an embodiment is particularly preferred in which the check valve is designed to be free of valve spring for refilling the coupler volume. As a result, the dead volume can be further reduced and the maximum displacement of the valve element can be reduced to a minimum.
  • the planar surface section of the valve element is oriented perpendicular to the adjustment direction of the valve element so that the fuel pressing against the valve element when the piezoelectric actuator is energized receives a large-area attack surface.
  • such an arrangement of the flat surface portion on the side facing away from the valve seat of the check valve side provides a support for the valve element of the check valve in the open state.
  • valve element has a spherical section adjacent to the planar surface section, i. is formed in the manner of a spherical cap or has a partial spherical shape.
  • the valve element has a spherical section adjacent to the planar surface section, i. is formed in the manner of a spherical cap or has a partial spherical shape.
  • the ball portion and not the flat surface portion cooperates with the valve seat of the check valve to close the same.
  • the check valve in the opened state connects the low-pressure region of the fuel injector with the coupler gap volume.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is located in the low pressure region of the fuel injector connected to an injector return port.
  • the check valve is not arranged in the working piston of the hydraulic coupler, but in the directly operatively connected to the piezoelectric actuator coupler piston.
  • Such an embodiment is structurally particularly preferred in order to easily provide a rinsebehell Anlagenkeit the Kopplervolumens from the low pressure region of the fuel injector.
  • the axial channel is a central, arranged coaxially to the longitudinal central axis of the coupler piston channel.
  • the radial channel is preferably realized as a through-channel, which supplies the axial channel from two opposite sides with fuel from the low-pressure region for refilling the coupler volume.
  • the possible travel of the valve element is limited to a minimum value range, preferably between about 0.08 mm and about 0.50 mm, whereby the switching cycle is further reduced.
  • the check valve is formed here valve spring free.
  • the, in particular dome-shaped valve element of the check valve is accommodated in an end-side recess of the coupler piston and held there by means of a recess closing Einpressides, such that it is within the recess, preferably axially between an open position and a closed position is adjustable.
  • At least one fuel channel is advantageously provided in the press-in element and / or radially between the press-in element and the inner circumference of the recess.
  • two parallel fuel channels are realized. More preferably, the two parallel fuel channels are axial bores in the press-in element.
  • the fuel injector can be a fuel injector in which the working piston forms the one-piece injection valve element or a part of the multipart injection valve element for closing and releasing at least one injection opening.
  • the fuel injector is a fuel injector with servo circuit, in which by means of the hydraulic coupler, a control valve (servo valve) is operable to connect a limited of the one- or multi-part injection valve element control chamber with a low pressure region of the fuel injector.
  • the control valve element of the control valve can be formed either directly from the working piston of the hydraulic coupler or by means of the working piston operable by this separate component.
  • Fig.1 is a trained as a common rail injector fuel injector 1 for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, also shown an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • a high-pressure pump 2 conveys fuel from a reservoir 3 into a high-pressure fuel accumulator 4 (rail). In this fuel, especially diesel, under high pressure, stored in this embodiment about 2000bar.
  • the supply line 5 opens into an axial supply channel 6 belonging to the high-pressure region of the fuel injector 1, through which fuel flows into a pressure chamber 7.
  • the fuel flows from the pressure chamber 7 in the axial direction past a one-part injection valve element 8 (nozzle needle) through nozzle bores of a nozzle hole arrangement 16 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 1 is connected via an injector return port 9 to a return line 10. Via the return line 10, a later to be explained control amount of fuel flow from the fuel injector 1 to the reservoir 3 and are fed from there from the high pressure circuit again.
  • the one-piece injection valve element 8 is guided axially adjustable within a stepped bore 11 of a nozzle body 12 in this embodiment.
  • the nozzle body 12 is braced in connection with a throttle plate and a valve body against a holding body 13 by means of a nozzle retaining nut.
  • the nozzle retaining nut is sealed by means of a copper disk in the direction of the combustion chamber into which projects the nozzle body tip.
  • the injection valve element 8 has at its tip 15 a closing surface (sealing surface), with which the injection valve element 8 can be brought into a tight contact with an injection valve element seat formed inside the nozzle body 12.
  • a closing surface closing surface
  • the injection valve member 8 abuts its injection valve member seat, i. is in a closed position, the fuel outlet from a nozzle hole arrangement 16 is locked. If, on the other hand, it is lifted from its injection valve element seat, fuel from the pressure chamber 7, substantially under rail pressure, can flow past the injection valve element seat into the combustion chamber.
  • a control chamber 17 (servo chamber) is limited, which has a in the Fig. 2 indicated inlet throttle 18 is supplied with high-pressure fuel from the supply channel 6.
  • a pressure chamber 14 from which fuel can flow into the combustion chamber when the injection valve element 8 is open, is supplied with fuel from the supply channel 6.
  • the pressure room 14 encloses a control chamber 17 limiting, spring-loaded sleeve 32 radially outward.
  • the formed in the sleeve 32 control chamber 17 is connected via an outlet throttle 19 with a control valve chamber 20 which is connected by means of an axially adjustable control valve element 21 (valve pin) with a low pressure region 22 and thus with the injector return port 9.
  • the control valve element 21 is part of a designed as a 3/2-way valve control valve 23 (servo valve).
  • a control valve element 21 located in a first (lower) switching position fuel can flow from the control chamber 17 via the outlet throttle 19 and the control valve chamber 20 into the low-pressure region 22 to the injector return port 9.
  • a bypass 45 opening out of the pressure chamber 14 and opening into the control valve chamber 20 is blocked by the control valve element 21.
  • befindettess control valve element 21 the connection between the control valve chamber 20 and the low pressure region 22 is disabled and the bypass 45 is released, so that the control chamber 17 via the bypass 45, the control valve chamber 20 and the outlet throttle 19 is brought quickly to high pressure ,
  • a piezoelectric actuator 24 is provided, which is coupled via a hydraulic coupler 25 to the control valve element 21.
  • the control valve 23 may be formed directly by the hydraulic coupler 25, more specifically by a working piston 28 (valve piston) of the hydraulic coupler 25 to be explained later.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 24 is energized and expands.
  • the flow cross sections of the inlet throttle 18 and the outlet throttle 19 are matched to one another such that in the lower switching position of the control valve 23, a net outflow of fuel from the control chamber 17 results.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 17 decreases rapidly, whereby the injection valve element 8 lifts off from its injection valve element seat, so that fuel can flow out of the pressure chamber 7 through the nozzle hole arrangement 16.
  • the energization of the piezoelectric actuator 24 is interrupted, whereby the piezocrystal stack of the actuator 24 contracts and the coupler piston 27, supported by the spring force of a spring sleeve 34, is moved in the drawing plane upwards.
  • the working piston 28 presses, supported by the control closing spring 30, in the drawing plane down against the control valve element 21. Between the working piston 28 and the control valve element 21 thus a continuous contact is ensured.
  • the working piston 28 and the control valve element 21 are moved at not energized actuator 24 upwards into the upper switching position in which the control valve element 21 rests again on its upper control valve seat 26 and the hydraulic connection from the control chamber 17 to the injector return port 9 blocks.
  • the fuel flowing in through the inlet throttle 18 and via the bypass 45 into the control chamber 17 ensures rapid pressure increase in the control chamber 17 and thus for a hydraulic closing force acting on the injection valve element 8.
  • the resulting closing movement of the injection valve element 8 is assisted by a closing spring 31, which is supported with one end on the injection valve element 8 and with the other end on a control chamber 17 limiting sleeve 32.
  • a check valve 35 is disposed within the coupler piston 27.
  • the check valve 35 serves to refill the Kopplerspaltvolumens 29 after interruption of the energization of the piezoelectric actuator.
  • the check valve 35 is formed valve spring-free and comprises a kugelkalottenförmiges valve element 36 which is received in an end-side recess 37 of the coupler piston 27.
  • the recess 37 which is originally open in the direction of the working piston 28, is closed by means of a press-in element 38 (press-in disk), wherein the press-in element 38 limits the maximum axial adjustment path of the valve element 36. How to get out Fig.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in the press-in element 38 two parallel axial bores 39 (fuel channels) introduced, can flow through the fuel with open check valve 35 to a central axial passage 40 in the Kopplerspaltvolumen 29.
  • the axial channel 40 is cut perpendicularly by a transverse, designed as a through-bore radial passage 41, which connects the check valve 35 hydraulically with the aforementioned low-pressure region 22 of the fuel injector 1.
  • the valve element 36 is substantially hemispherical in shape and has a plane in the plane of the upper ball portion 42 for cooperation with a valve seat 43. With a flat surface portion 44 facing away from the valve seat 43, the valve element 36 can be supported on the press-in element 38 when the check valve 35 is open, such that a force entry into the coupler gap volume 29 through the axial bores 39 is possible.
  • the coupler gap volume 29 does not have to be (exclusively) via guide plays between the coupler piston 27 and / or the working piston 28 and the guide body 33.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP09174557A 2008-12-30 2009-10-30 Injecteur de carburant doté d'un actionneur piézoélectrique Not-in-force EP2204571B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008055178A DE102008055178A1 (de) 2008-12-30 2008-12-30 Kraftstoff-Injktor mit piezoelektrischem Aktuator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2204571A1 true EP2204571A1 (fr) 2010-07-07
EP2204571B1 EP2204571B1 (fr) 2011-12-28

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ID=42110920

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09174557A Not-in-force EP2204571B1 (fr) 2008-12-30 2009-10-30 Injecteur de carburant doté d'un actionneur piézoélectrique

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EP (1) EP2204571B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE539256T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008055178A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015225744A1 (de) 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor
DE102016207647A1 (de) 2016-05-03 2017-11-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulische Kopplereinrichtung und Kraftstoffinjektor mit einer solchen Kopplereinrichtung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19738351A1 (de) 1996-09-02 1998-03-05 Denso Corp Speicherkraftstoffeinspritzsystem
DE10037527A1 (de) 1999-08-02 2001-02-15 Denso Corp Piezoelektrische Einspritzeinrichtung
DE102005002768A1 (de) * 2004-01-22 2005-08-11 Denso Corp., Kariya Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor
WO2007139620A1 (fr) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Caterpillar Inc. Système de commande d'injecteur de carburant

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19738351A1 (de) 1996-09-02 1998-03-05 Denso Corp Speicherkraftstoffeinspritzsystem
DE10037527A1 (de) 1999-08-02 2001-02-15 Denso Corp Piezoelektrische Einspritzeinrichtung
DE102005002768A1 (de) * 2004-01-22 2005-08-11 Denso Corp., Kariya Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor
WO2007139620A1 (fr) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Caterpillar Inc. Système de commande d'injecteur de carburant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008055178A1 (de) 2010-07-01
ATE539256T1 (de) 2012-01-15
EP2204571B1 (fr) 2011-12-28

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