Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
  • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
  • F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
  • F02M57/023—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive mechanical
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
  • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
  • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
  • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
  • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
  • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
  • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
  • F02M59/366—Valves being actuated electrically
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
  • F02M45/12—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship providing a continuous cyclic delivery with variable pressure

Definitions

• the invention is based on one
• Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Fuel injection device has a high-pressure fuel pump and a fuel injection valve connected to this for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
• the high-pressure fuel pump has a pump piston which is driven by the internal combustion engine in a stroke movement and delimits a pump working space.
• the fuel injection valve has a pressure chamber connected to the pump working chamber and an injection valve member, through which at least one injection opening is controlled and which through the
• Pressure chamber prevailing pressure is movable against a closing force in the opening direction to release the at least one injection opening.
• a first electrically operated control valve is provided, by means of which a connection of the pump work space to a relief space is controlled.
• a second electrically actuated control valve is also provided, by means of which a connection of a control pressure chamber to a relief chamber is controlled.
• the control pressure chamber is limited by a control piston, the control piston from the
• Control pressure chamber prevailing pressure acts in a closing direction on the injection valve member and is movable together with the injection valve member.
• the Control pressure chamber has a connection to the pump work chamber.
• the first control valve is closed and the second control valve is opened, so that no high pressure can build up in the control pressure chamber and the fuel injection valve can open.
• the second control valve is open, however, fuel flows out of the pump work chamber via the control pressure chamber, so that the quantity of fuel available for injection is reduced from the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump piston, and the pressure available for injection is also reduced. It follows from this that the efficiency of the fuel injection device is not optimal.
• the fuel injection device with the features according to claim 1 has the advantage that when the injection valve member is in its open position, a smaller area of the control piston is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the control pressure chamber and thus a lower force acts on the injection valve member in the closing direction than in itself in its closed position injection valve member so that the second control valve during the
• Fuel injection can be closed and no loss of fuel quantity and fuel pressure occurs during the injection and thus the efficiency of the fuel injector is improved.
• FIG. 2 shows a detail of the fuel injection device, designated II in FIG. 1, in an enlarged representation with an injection valve member in a closed position
• FIG. 3 shows the detail II with an injection valve member in an open position
• FIG. 4 shows the fuel injection device Section II of the fuel injection device according to a modified version with the injection valve member in a closed position
• FIG. 5 shows section II according to the modified version of the fuel injection device with the injection valve member in an open position
• FIG. 6 shows a curve of a pressure at injection openings of a fuel injection valve of the fuel injection device.
• the internal combustion engine is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
• the fuel injection device is preferably designed as a so-called pump-nozzle unit and has for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine a high-pressure fuel pump 10 and a fuel injection valve 12 connected to it, which form a common structural unit.
• the fuel injection device is preferably designed as a so-called pump-nozzle unit and has for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine a high-pressure fuel pump 10 and a fuel injection valve 12 connected to it, which form a common structural unit.
• Fuel injection device also as a so-called pump Pipe-nozzle system can be formed, in which the high-pressure fuel pump and the fuel injection valve of each cylinder are arranged separately from one another and are connected to one another via a line.
• the high-pressure fuel pump 10 has a pump body 14 with a cylinder bore 16, in which a pump piston 18 is tightly guided, which is driven at least indirectly by a cam 20 of a camshaft of the internal combustion engine against the force of a return spring 19 in a lifting movement.
• the pump piston 18 limits in the
• Cylinder bore 16 a pump work chamber 22, in which fuel is compressed under high pressure during the delivery stroke of the pump piston 18.
• the pump working chamber 22 is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank 24 of the motor vehicle.
• the fuel injection valve 12 has a valve body 26 which is connected to the pump body 14 and which can be constructed in several parts and in which an injection valve member 28 is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable in a bore 30.
• the valve body 26 has at least one, preferably a plurality of injection openings 32 at its end region facing the combustion chamber of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
• the injection valve member 28 has at its end region facing the combustion chamber an, for example, approximately conical sealing surface 34 which interacts with a valve seat 36 formed in the valve body 26 in its end region facing the combustion chamber, from or after which the injection openings 32 lead away.
• valve body 26 there is an annular space 38 between the injection valve member 28 and the bore 30 towards the valve seat 36, which in its end region facing away from the valve seat 36 merges into a pressure space 40 surrounding the injection valve member 28 by radial expansion of the bore 30.
• the injection valve member 28 has a reduction in cross section at the level of the pressure chamber 40 Pressure shoulder 42 on.
• a prestressed closing spring 44 engages, by means of which the injection valve member 28 is pressed toward the valve seat 36.
• the closing spring 44 is arranged in a spring chamber 46 of the valve body 26, which adjoins the bore 30.
• a control piston 50 is tightly connected, which is connected to the injection valve member 28.
• a control pressure chamber 52 is delimited in the bore 48 by the control piston 50 as a movable wall.
• the control piston 50 is connected to the injection valve member 28 via a piston rod 51 which is smaller in diameter than this.
• Control piston 50 can be formed in one piece with the injection valve member 28, but is preferably connected to the injection valve member 28 as a separate part for reasons of assembly.
• a channel 60 leads from the pump work chamber 22 through the pump body 14 and the valve body 26 to the pressure chamber 40 of the fuel injection valve 12.
• a channel 62 leads from the pump work chamber 22 or from the channel 60 to the control pressure chamber 52.
• a channel 64 also opens into the control pressure chamber 52, which connects to form a relief space than that at least indirectly can serve the fuel reservoir 24 or another area in which a low pressure prevails.
• a connection 66 leads from the pump work chamber 22 or from the channel 60 to a relief chamber 24, which is controlled by a first electrically operated control valve 68.
• the control valve 68 can, as shown in FIG. 1, be designed as a 2/2-way valve.
• connection 64 of the control pressure chamber 52 to the relief chamber 24 is controlled by a second electrically operated control valve 70, which can be designed as a 2/2-way valve.
• a second electrically operated control valve 70 In the Connection 62 of the control pressure chamber 52 to the pump work chamber 22 can be provided with a throttle point 63 and a throttle point 71 can be provided in the connection of the control pressure chamber 52 with the relief chamber 24.
• the control valves 68, 70 can have an electromagnetic actuator or a piezo actuator and are controlled by an electronic control device 72.
• the injection valve member 28 When the fuel injection valve 12 is closed, the injection valve member 28 rests with its annular sealing surface 34 on the valve seat 36. In this case, only the surface of the pressure shoulder 42 of the injection valve member 28 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 40 in the opening direction 29 and further forces in
• Opening direction 29 do not act on the injection valve member 28.
• the injection valve member 28 lifts with its sealing surface 34 from the valve seat 36, so that an annular flow cross-section 37 is released between the sealing surface 34 and the valve seat 36, as shown in FIG. If the injection valve member 28 is lifted with its sealing surface 34 from the valve seat 36, the front surface of the injection valve member 28, i.e. the annular sealing surface 34 and the residual surface of the injection valve member 28 enclosed by this, is also subjected to a pressure which exerts a force in the opening direction 29 the injection valve member 28 causes.
• the injection valve member 28 is arranged with its sealing surface 34 only a short distance from the valve seat 36 and is therefore only open in a partial stroke, then only a small flow cross-section 37 is released, through which the fuel flowing through is throttled, which causes a pressure drop.
• the end face of the injection valve member 28 is then only in the opening direction with the pressure reduced by the throttling compared to the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 40 applied.
• its sealing surface 34 is arranged at a greater distance from the valve seat 36, so that a correspondingly larger flow cross section 37 is released.
• a smaller throttling effect occurs in the larger flow cross section, so that the end face of the injection valve member 28 is accordingly subjected to a higher pressure in the opening direction 29.
• its injection valve member 28 thus acts in addition to the force exerted by the pressure in the pressure chamber 40 via the pressure shoulder 42 and also the force exerted by the pressure acting on the end face of the injection valve member 28 in the opening direction 29.
• the end face of the control piston 50 acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the control pressure chamber 52 is dimensioned such that when the second control valve 70 is closed, when the control pressure chamber 52 is separated from the relief chamber 24 and during the delivery stroke of the pump piston 18 in the pump work chamber 22 and thus also in the control pressure chamber 52, high pressure occurs builds, in addition to the force of the closing spring 44, a force acting in the closing direction on the injection valve member 28 is greater than the force acting on the injection valve member 28 in the opening direction 29 when the injection valve member 28 is in its closed position or, as explained above, only is opened with a partial stroke and is lifted with its sealing surface 34 from the valve seat 36. In this case, the fuel injection valve 12 remains or is closed.
• FIGS. 2 and 3 A detail II of the fuel injection device is shown enlarged in FIGS. 2 and 3, the injection valve member 28 and the control piston 50 in FIG. 2 when the valve is in its closed position Injection valve member are shown and are shown in FIG. 3 with the injection valve member 28 in its open position with maximum stroke.
• the control piston 50 in the direction of its longitudinal axis 49 opposite end 53 of the
• Control pressure chamber 52 is formed at least approximately coaxially to the control piston 50, a recess 54 from which a connection 55 leads to a relief chamber 24, in which a throttle point 56 is arranged.
• the recess 54 is preferably circular in cross-section and a seat 57 is formed on its edge at the transition to the boundary 53.
• an extension 58 projects coaxially to the recess 54 and tapers in the direction of the longitudinal axis 49 of the control piston 50 towards the boundary 53 and is, for example, at least approximately conical.
• a sealing surface 59 is formed on the shoulder 58, which cooperates with the seat 57.
• Control piston 50 is arranged in its corresponding stroke position with its sealing surface 59 at a distance from the seat 57.
• the second control valve 70 When the second control valve 70 is closed, there is high pressure in the control pressure chamber 52 as in the pump work chamber 22, which acts on the entire end face of the control piston 50 and accordingly a large force in the closing direction on the Injection valve member 28 generates. If the injection valve member 28 according to FIG. 3 is in its position opened with the maximum stroke, the control piston 50 with its extension 58 partially dips into the depression 54 and lies with its sealing surface 59
• End face of the control piston 50 is pressurized. If the fuel injection valve 12 is to be closed starting from a position of the injection valve member 28 that is open with a maximum stroke, then the first control valve 68 must be opened when the second control valve 70 is closed, so that the one prevailing in the pressure chamber 40 and one acting in the opening direction 29 on the injection valve member 28 Pressure becomes less than the sum of the force of the closing spring 44 and the force generated in the closing direction by the pressure prevailing in the control pressure chamber 52.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 show section II of the fuel injection device according to a modified embodiment.
• the control pressure chamber 152 has an extension 154 with a reduced diameter, into which the channel 62 connects to the pump working chamber 22 and Channel 64 opens as a connection to the relief chamber 24.
• the extension 154 is arranged at least approximately coaxially with the control piston 150.
• an annular boundary 153 of the control pressure chamber 152 is formed by the reduction in diameter.
• the boundary 153 extends transversely, preferably at least approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 49 of the control piston 150, is flat and forms a flat seat 157.
• the control piston 150 with its sealing surface 159 is arranged at a distance from the seat 157 on the boundary 153 and the entire end face of the control piston 150 is from the pressure prevailing in the control pressure chamber 152.
• control piston 150 rests with its sealing surface 159 on the seat 157.
• the part of the control pressure chamber 152 lying outside the sealing surface 159 is then separated from the extension 154, so that the part 152 of the control pressure chamber no longer has a connection to the pump work chamber 22.
• the part 152 of the control pressure chamber is relieved of pressure and connected to a relief chamber 24, for example via a gap 155 between the control piston 150 and the bore 48, which forms a throttle point, or via a separate one
• Control piston 150 with the annular shoulder 158 and the annular sealing surface 159 according to FIGS. 4 and 5 can also be used in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3 instead of the shoulder 58 provided there.
• the essential difference between the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3 compared to the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5 is that in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, with the injection valve member 28 in its open position, an annular part of the end face of the seat 57 surrounding the seat 57 Control piston 50 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the control pressure chamber 52, while in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, with the injection valve member 28 in its open position, a part of the end face of the control piston 150 which is located in the seat 157 is separated from that in the extension 154 of the
• Control pressure chamber 52 prevailing pressure is applied.
• FIG. 6 shows the course of the pressure p at the injection openings 32 of the
• Fuel injector 12 shown over time t during an injection cycle fuel is supplied to it from the fuel reservoir 24.
• the fuel injection begins with a pre-injection, the first control valve 68 being closed by the control device 72, so that the pump working chamber 22 is separated from the relief chamber 24.
• the control device 72 also opens the second control valve 70, so that the control pressure chamber 52 or 152 is connected to the relief chamber 24.
• the control pressure chamber 52 or 152 do not build up high pressure since this is relieved towards the relief chamber 24.
• a small amount of fuel can flow out of the pump work chamber 22 via the throttling points 63 and 71 to the relief chamber 24, so that
• Pump work chamber 22 cannot build up the full high pressure as it would build up when the second control valve 70 is closed. If the pressure in the pump work chamber 22 and thus in the pressure chamber 40 of the fuel injection valve 12 is so great that the pressure force exerted by it on the injection valve member 28 via the pressure shoulder 42 is greater than the sum of the force of the closing spring 44 and that on the control piston 50 or 150 by the pressure force acting in the control pressure chamber 52 or 152, the injection valve member 28 moves in the opening direction 29 and opens the at least one injection opening 32. The injection valve member 28 opens only with a partial stroke, so that the control piston 50 or 150 with its sealing surface 59 or 159 does not come into contact with the seat 57 or 157.
• the second control valve 70 is opened by the control device 72.
• the fuel injection valve 12 then opens due to the reduced pressure force on the control piston 50 or 150 and the injection valve member 28 moves over its maximum opening stroke until the control piston 50 or 150 with its sealing surface 59 or 159 comes into contact with the seat 57 or 157.
• the seat 57 or 157 thus also forms a stop for limiting the stroke of the control piston 50 or 150 and thus the opening stroke movement of the injection valve member 28.
• the second control valve 70 can be controlled by the control device 72 be closed so that the control pressure chamber 52 or 152 is separated from the relief chamber 24. Then high pressure builds up in the control pressure chamber 52 or 152 as in
• the sum of the pressure force on the control piston 50 or 150 and the force of the closing spring 44 force generated in the closing direction as a result of the small pressurized end face of the control piston 50 or 150 is less than that on the pressure shoulder 42 and the end face of the injection valve member opened with the maximum stroke generated force in the opening direction 29, so that the fuel injection valve 12 remains open.
• the second control valve 70 is still open, the fuel is injected at a reduced pressure, since a small amount of fuel flows out of the pump work chamber 22 via the opened control valve 70 to the relief chamber 24.
• the second control valve 70 is closed, fuel can no longer flow out of the pump work chamber 22, so that the fuel is injected at a higher pressure, as shown in FIG. 6 is shown.
• the time at which the second control valve 70 is closed by the control device 72 is preferably varied depending on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, in particular depending on the speed. It can be provided that at low speed the second control valve 70 is closed by the control device 72 at an early point in time and with increasing speed the second control valve 70 is closed by the control device 72 at a later point in time. As a result, the maximum pressure during fuel injection can be limited at high speeds.
• the first control valve 68 is brought into its open switching position by the control device 72, so that the pump working chamber 22 is connected to the relief chamber 24 and only a small compressive force acts on the injection valve member 28 in the opening direction 29 and the fuel injection valve 12 is caused by the power of
• the second control valve 70 may be in its open or closed position to complete the main injection.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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• 2002
  • 2002-02-08 DE DE10205185A patent/DE10205185A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-12-05 WO PCT/DE2002/004455 patent/WO2003067070A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2002-12-05 DE DE50203709T patent/DE50203709D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-12-05 EP EP02792633A patent/EP1483498B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-12-05 JP JP2003566395A patent/JP2005517118A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-12-05 AT AT02792633T patent/ATE299993T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-12-05 US US10/474,339 patent/US6981653B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-12-05 ES ES02792633T patent/ES2243786T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

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