EP2201983A1 - Dispositif de sécurité pour des systèmes conductif de gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif de sécurité pour des systèmes conductif de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2201983A1
EP2201983A1 EP09405224A EP09405224A EP2201983A1 EP 2201983 A1 EP2201983 A1 EP 2201983A1 EP 09405224 A EP09405224 A EP 09405224A EP 09405224 A EP09405224 A EP 09405224A EP 2201983 A1 EP2201983 A1 EP 2201983A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame
struts
sieve
ring
housing
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP09405224A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2201983B1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg Schär
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHAER HITECH ENGINEERING
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Schar Hitech Ingenieurbuero Anlagenbau
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Publication of EP2201983A1 publication Critical patent/EP2201983A1/fr
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Publication of EP2201983B1 publication Critical patent/EP2201983B1/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C4/00—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave
    • A62C4/02—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave in gas-pipes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety fitting, in particular a detonation barrier, for gas-conducting systems, in particular for pipelines, comprising a housing with an interior in which a flame screen is arranged such that a cross section of the interior is completely filled by a flame screen, and the housing at a Connecting longitudinal end has a connection opening for connection to the gas-conducting system, which connection opening has a smaller cross-sectional area with respect to the cross-section of the interior, and a center of the connection opening is offset perpendicularly to a mid-perpendicular of the flame sieve, the flame screen being supported by a support grid, which comprises at least three, In essence, extending from an inner periphery of the interior inwardly, struts, which struts meet at exactly one intersection point. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cage for a flame sieve for a detonation barrier and an insert with cage and flame sieve for a detonation barrier.
  • Safety fittings for gas-carrying systems include e.g. Flame, deflagration or detonation breakdown fuses, hereafter referred to as flame, deflagration or detonation barriers or barriers.
  • Such safety valves prevent the propagation of a burning gas front in gas-carrying systems such as e.g. Pipelines or tank systems. If flammable gas ignites in a pipeline, a burn-off or, as a consequence, a deflagration (deflagration) or detonation (explosion) is triggered. For example, if a flame front passes through a pipe, the flame speed increases with the length of the pipe. Up to a tube length of about 50 inner diameters of the tube, the flame propagates at subsonic speed (deflagration).
  • a deflagration protection is sufficient to secure the side to be protected.
  • the deflagration protection usually has a lower pressure drop than a detonation fuse and can be dimensioned mechanically weaker.
  • the flame front supersonic speed can reach (detonation), which is why in this case to secure the side to be protected a detonation fuse is installed.
  • Flame barriers prevent the passage of the flame front in the case of a continuous fire z. B. as a result of deflagration.
  • a detonation results in a shock wave with significantly higher pressures than a deflagration.
  • the requirements for the mechanical stability of detonation barriers are therefore significantly greater than for pure deflagration barriers.
  • Common flame barriers are based on the principle of dividing the flame front into a plurality of smaller flames. The heat energy of the individual smaller flames is dissipated, so that the gas is no longer flammable on the flame side of the barrier.
  • known barriers have a z. B. honeycomb structure or porous, usually metallic or ceramic flame sieve (also "flame arrester", “flame filter” or “rust"), which has a plurality of passageways with relatively small cross-sections (capillaries).
  • the flame sifter fills one Section inside the pipeline is completely exhausted, so that a gas flowing in the pipeline has to pass through the flame sieve.
  • the flame sieve in terms of its dimension in the direction of flow and the capillary diameter or cross-sections of the respective requirement of the corresponding flammable medium d. H. adapted to the respective gas (explosion group).
  • the WO 2000/56406 A (AG Marvac LTD.) Describes, for example, a detonation barrier for a pipeline with two in the flow direction serially arranged flame sieves.
  • the flame sieves are made from a rolled-up double layer of corrugated and smooth steel strips and arranged within a barrel-shaped housing.
  • the housing and the flame sieves have a larger diameter than the pipe.
  • On both sides of the housing tube expander are arranged, to which the pipeline connects.
  • the flame sieves are supported by a grid on the housing of the detonation barrier, since the flame sieves themselves have a comparatively low structural stability against loads in the axial direction.
  • Such tube expansions have the disadvantage that they form a pocket in horizontal pipes at the bottom due to the expansion, in which dirt and condensation can collect in an undesirable manner. It has therefore been used in known systems to use asymmetric Rohraufweiter, in which the centers of the larger openings of Rohraufweiter not on the Center axis of the pipes connected to the smaller openings lie.
  • the central axis of the barrel-shaped housing of the flame strainer is spaced from the central axis of the pipeline, that is, eccentrically arranged.
  • the tube expander are formed such that the undersides of the pipeline and the housing or of the flame strainer are at the same vertical level.
  • the flame screens held within the housing are in this case also arranged eccentrically with respect to the axial direction of the pipeline.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a safety device associated with the aforementioned technical field for gas-conducting systems, which has improved mechanical stability with a simple construction.
  • a safety fitting for gas-conducting systems, in particular for pipelines, comprises a housing with an interior in which a flame screen is arranged such that a cross-section of the interior is completely filled by a flame screen. Furthermore, the housing comprises, at a connecting longitudinal end, a connection opening for connection to the gas-conducting system, which connection opening has a smaller cross-sectional area with respect to the cross-section of the interior, and a center of the connection opening is arranged offset perpendicular to a mid-perpendicular of the flame screen.
  • the flame sieve is supported by a support grate, which has at least three struts extending essentially from an inner circumference of the inner space, which struts meet at exactly one point of intersection.
  • the crossing point points across the Mid-perpendicular of the flame sieve on an offset from the mid-perpendicular to the center of the connection opening towards.
  • the flame sieve is flat.
  • distances are distances in absolute value in a direction perpendicular to the mid-perpendicular of the flame screen.
  • Mid-perpendicular here and below denotes an imaginary perpendicular to a plane of the flame sieve, which passes through a center of the flame sieve.
  • Flame sieves usually have a flat disk-shaped design, whereby the plane of the flame sieve is defined by the surface of the flame sieve.
  • the direction of the mid-perpendicular also corresponds to the orientation of the capillaries of the flame sieve.
  • the term center point is preferably to be identified with a center of gravity of the flame screen surface.
  • the safety fitting according to the invention is described below without restricting the generality with reference to the example of a detonation barrier.
  • the features mentioned and their combinations are also applicable to other safety fittings such. Deflagration barriers transferable.
  • the flame sieve is arranged at detonation barriers in a tubular housing portion, wherein tubular means in most cases a hollow tube or a ring with a substantially circular cylindrical inner and outer cross-section.
  • the detonation barrier according to the invention is not limited to such embodiments and can also be designed differently. Also conceivable are oval or polygonal cross-sections, if required by the specific application, or embodiments which do not have a tubular housing section and the interior can be formed, for example, directly in tube expansions (described below).
  • the flame sieve is arranged in the housing of the detonation barrier such that the perpendicular bisector of the flame sieve with a longitudinal central axis z.
  • the above-mentioned tubular housing portion coincides, that is arranged coaxially.
  • the invention is directed to detonation barriers only, embodiments being also included as deflagration barriers and flame barriers.
  • a support center of the support grid d. H. a region in which a supporting action of the supporting grid is largest is arranged in a region which is eccentric with respect to the flame sieve.
  • the intersection point of the struts of the support grid in the center of the flame sieve which corresponds to eccentric arrangement of the flame sieves with respect to the pipe or the connection opening does not correspond to the area of the greatest pressure effect of a shock wave at a detonation.
  • a shock wave enters the housing of the detonation barrier at the connection opening. Due to the smaller cross-sectional area of the connection opening and the eccentric arrangement of the same, the shock wave propagates asymmetrically within the housing. Consequently, a first contact area of the pressure wave with the flame sieve does not take place in its center, but in a region which is offset in the direction towards the center of the connection opening.
  • the invention by the support grid of the flame strainer adapted to these circumstances has a center of gravity with increased mechanical stability in a region which is particularly stressed in a detonation.
  • the increased mechanical stability of the center of gravity support is achieved according to the invention, in which the struts of the support grid in an eccentrically located first contact region of a pressure wave have a crossing point in which converge the struts and preferably connected to each other, for. B. welded or screwed.
  • the struts of the support grid need not be connected to each other as individual elements, but can also be cut in one piece from a steel sheet layer of sufficient thickness.
  • the term “struts” thus does not refer to individual components of the support grid, from which it must be composed, but to constructive elements, which give the shape of the support grid.
  • the flame sieve and a dimensioning of the housing of the detonation barrier are to be designed such that the requirements of the respective application are met.
  • a flow resistance of about 2-3 mbar should not be exceeded.
  • capillaries and the surface of the flame sieve, and thus also a dimensioning of the housing of the detonation barrier should be selected accordingly.
  • detonation barriers in this case are also allowed for significantly higher pressures of, for example, up to 120 mbar or higher.
  • the detonation barrier according to the invention is not limited to such low-pressure applications, but can generally be used both in high-pressure applications (gas pressure above about 2 bar, test pressure about 30 bar) and in other low-pressure applications.
  • the support grid has an odd number of struts, in particular the support grid preferably comprises 3 or 5 struts. In this case, preferably one of the struts intersects the perpendicular bisector of the flame sieve.
  • support grids with 3 struts are preferably used for smaller cross sections of flame sieves, whereas struts are generally preferred for larger cross sections.
  • angles included between two struts are the same with respect to the point of intersection for all pairs of adjacent struts.
  • the struts are regularly star-shaped with respect to the point of intersection, i. distributed equally angularly.
  • the circumferential ends of the struts are distributed unevenly around the circumference of the flame screen, i. H. the pitch angles of imaginary radians to the strut ends of any two pairs of adjacent struts with respect to the mid-perpendiculars of the flame screen do not correspond to each other in this case.
  • one of the struts can be arranged above the center of the flame sieve, that is to say vertical, with an angular uniform distribution with respect to the point of intersection, while there is no vertical strut directly behind the connection opening.
  • a gas flow in normal operation is hindered as little as possible.
  • a vertical strut is advantageous: commercial flame sieves have a central one Central body on. This is used in the production as a wound body for the metal band layers. To further improve the mechanical stability, it is therefore particularly advantageous to support the central body at eccentric crossing point of the support grid by one of the struts.
  • the central body z. B be connected by a screw with the corresponding strut.
  • the support grid includes an even number of struts such.
  • B four cross-shaped or six star-shaped struts.
  • 4 struts can then be arranged, for example, in pairs perpendicular to each other.
  • the four struts thus form the arms of a right-angled cross, which is arranged eccentrically with respect to a center of the flame sieve. While arrangements are also possible in this case in which one of the struts supports the center of the flame sieve, embodiments with an odd number of struts are preferable because of the preferred distribution of the struts on the flame sieve surface.
  • the supporting grid can also comprise a different number of struts, not explicitly mentioned here. It is also not necessary that the struts are distributed with respect to the point of intersection angularly equal. It is conceivable, for example, for more struts to be formed in the first contact region of the pressure wave to increase the mechanical stability than in the remaining region of the flame sieve surface.
  • the particularly preferable embodiment of the support grid results from the specific requirements of the particular application of the invention (eg type of gas, expected speed of the pressure wave front etc.) as well as considerations for the simple and economic production of the support grid or detonation barrier (cost of materials, production costs Etc.).
  • the housing at the connection longitudinal end advantageously comprises a largely conical tube expander, which has the connection opening at one of its longitudinal ends and an opening at an opposite longitudinal end, whose cross section corresponds to the internal cross section of the interior of the housing.
  • the tube expander is preferably asymmetrical with respect to the mid-perpendicular of the flame screen. H. formed obliquely-conically.
  • the tube expander is designed such that the housing of the detonation barrier has at least one continuous straight generatrix over its entire length.
  • an imaginary longitudinal line of the wall of the housing is called.
  • the pipe expander preferably has a flange on the longitudinal end opposite the connection opening.
  • the tube expander can be easily attached to a further housing part of the detonation barrier.
  • a tubular housing part can be fastened via the flange on the tube expander or a further tube expander can be flanged on.
  • the pipe expander can also be fastened in a different manner to other housing parts, for. B. welded directly.
  • any other holding system is conceivable, which allows the desired connection of the tube expander with other housing parts.
  • the support grid in particular the struts of the support grid, with their respective longitudinal ends facing away from the crossing point, are fastened to an inner wall of the housing of the detonation barrier.
  • the support grid is mounted in the interior in the region of the flange on the pipe expander.
  • the support grid is attached to the housing, a high degree of stability of the support grid can be achieved in a simple way.
  • the struts of the support grid can z. B. directly to the corresponding housing part, preferably the tube expander, welded. Such an embodiment is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the support grid is mounted, for example, at the opposite longitudinal end of the connection opening in the interior of the tube expander, the support grid can, for example, with a suitable arrangement of the flame strainer. B. abut in a clamped between two tube expander flame sifter cage directly on the flame sieve and thus optimally fulfill its support function.
  • the support grid may also be fastened to a cage supporting the flame sieve (see, for example, below), which, however, requires an increased outlay in terms of material expenditure and processing during manufacture in order to achieve the desired mechanical stability.
  • Other embodiments also include support grates, which are fastened or anchored both on the housing and on the cage of the flame sieve.
  • the housing preferably has a second connecting longitudinal end which lies opposite the first (above-mentioned) connecting longitudinal end in the longitudinal direction of the housing.
  • a second connection opening is provided, the center of which is analogous to the connection opening at the first longitudinal connection end in vertical Direction is arranged offset to the mid-perpendicular of the flame sieve.
  • the second connection opening has the same cross-sectional area as the first connection opening, so that the two connection openings are formed symmetrically relative to the flame sieve.
  • the two connection openings are aligned with each other, so that a simple installation in an existing pipeline, for example, is ensured.
  • the housing has a tube expander on the second connecting longitudinal end, which preferably corresponds to the tube expander on the first connecting longitudinal end.
  • the tube expander correspond to each other with respect to a plane of the flame strainer preferably mirror image.
  • the housing is formed in the aforementioned embodiment substantially symmetrical with respect to a cross-sectional plane in the longitudinal center of the tubular housing portion and can thus be easily installed in an existing pipeline. If the housing has only one connection opening, then the detonation barrier is suitable for example.
  • the flame sieve is mounted in a cage with a ring, wherein a passage encompassed by the ring forms a receiving space for the flame sieve and the ring comprises the flame sieve at its periphery.
  • holding means are preferably provided at openings of the passage of the ring, which prevent axial discharge of the flame strainer from the receiving space.
  • the holding means comprise at least one of the passage openings of the ring a holding rack, wherein the holding rack is arranged and designed such that the supporting grid completely covers the holding rack.
  • the flame sieves Due to the construction of known flame sieves of double layers of alternating smooth and corrugated steel strips, which are rolled up into a disk, the flame sieves have a comparatively low mechanical intrinsic stability in the direction of the perpendicular bisector. For stabilization, but also for modular handling or interchangeability of the flame sieve, it is therefore particularly advantageous to support the flame sieve in a cage.
  • the cage comprises a ring or a ring socket, in which the flame sieve, ie, for example, the rolled-up to the disc steel bands are used.
  • the ring can z. B. at one of his z. B.
  • a holder can be fixed, which also holds the flame sieve in a circumferentially spaced-in area.
  • the flame sieve including cage can also be fixedly mounted in the housing, in which case, however, the entire detonation barrier or the corresponding housing part has to be replaced in order to renew the flame sieve.
  • no cage needs to be present and the flame sieve can be fixed directly in the interior of the housing, which is also disadvantageous in terms of a good interchangeability of the flame sieve.
  • further retaining means can be attached to the edge of the ring, which hold the flame sieve in the ring.
  • z. B. are welded to the ring.
  • the projection and the retaining studs take over the function of the retaining means of the cage and the flame sieve is clamped between the two retaining studs.
  • B. a further cage with flame sieve is supported.
  • the holder may be mechanically relatively weak and therefore inexpensive, since it does not need to take over a support function in the event of detonation.
  • the retainer serves only as a holding device which holds the flame sieve in the cage or in the ring of the cage.
  • the struts of Garrosts are preferably fastened with their respective end point facing away from the intersection of the longitudinal end of the ring of the cage.
  • the holder may also, for example, have an outer retaining ring, to which the holder can be attached to the ring of the cage.
  • the holding means or the holder are arranged in the passage of the cage, so that no protrusions are present in the axial direction.
  • the holder back is preferably designed and arranged such that a projection of the holder to the flame sieve plane is covered by a corresponding projection of the support grid. In the direction of flow is then obtained by the Garrost no additional obstruction of the gas flow, since he z. B. completely in the "river shadow" of the support grid can be arranged.
  • the cage with retainer and the flame sieve held therein thus provide a stable unit, which can be used in a simple way, for example, in the housing of the detonation barrier.
  • the cage of the flame strainer is preferably mounted interchangeable in the housing in this case, so that a simple replacement of the flame strainer or the entire unit is possible.
  • the ring can be designed as a mounting device itself, which can be attached directly in the housing, z. B. can be trapped between the flanges of Rohraufweiter.
  • the flame sieve has an axial length in the range of 1 to 3 cm, preferably 19 mm.
  • the ring of the cage also has a substantially the flame sieve length corresponding axial length, the ring for accommodating the struts of the support grid, however, may be formed correspondingly longer by a few millimeters.
  • the flame sieves arranged therebetween do not have to have an additional support structure.
  • the Halteroste are arranged between adjacent flame sieves and meet next to the Holding function also a function of a spacer, which ensures a minimum distance of adjacent flame sieves in the flow direction.
  • the rings of the associated cages may each have front side corresponding circumferential grooves and springs, which allows a stable, for example, coaxial assembly of the rings one behind the other.
  • the ring may be dimensioned in the axial direction such that the flame sieves have a spacing in composite cages and / or space for z.
  • B. arranged between the flame sieves Halteroste is created.
  • each only one holding rack is arranged, so that adjacent flame sieves are indeed spaced, but the distance can be chosen small enough so that there is no adverse effect in the detonation due to excessive freedom of movement for the flame sieve.
  • the holding brackets of the individual cages are aligned with one another in such a way that the individual holding braces preferably completely overlap in a projection onto the flame sieve plane.
  • the desired arrangement or orientation of the individual cages can, for. B. coat side on the ring of the cages each, for example, a notch or a bore be formed such that the notches or holes have to be aligned with each other in the correct arrangement. For installation, this z. B. a bolt in the bore or notches are introduced to fix the orientation for mounting.
  • the ring of the cage may also itself form a portion of the housing, i. H. the ring of the cage itself forms part of the housing wall in this case.
  • an embodiment of the detonation barrier is advantageous in which two tube expander each have a flange at least on a side facing the flame strainer, and the ring of the cage forms a tubular housing section.
  • the cage with flame sieve is then, preferably as a flame sieve insert, removably mounted in the housing.
  • the cage is advantageously clamped between the flanges of two tube expanders (as described above).
  • the flanges for example, outside of an outer surface of the ring can be connected to each other via long screws, wherein the ring of the cage as Spacer acts and is clamped by the screwing of the flanges between them.
  • the ring of the cage is easily accessible from the outside and can be easily replaced without the pipe expander of the housing must be removed from the pipeline.
  • z As a handle attached to the ring of the cage to further simplify the handling. It is sufficient to loosen the screw connection of the flanges, replace the cage with flame sieve and restore the screw connection.
  • the invention also includes a cage for holding a flame sieve, in particular for a previously described detonation barrier with a cage for the flame sieve.
  • the cage comprises a ring with a passage, in which passage the flame sieve can be used.
  • the cage comprises at least one retaining ring attached to the ring with at least three struts. The struts extend inwardly from an inner wall of the ring and converge at exactly one point of intersection, with the crossing point of the struts being offset from a center of the ring.
  • the center of the ring is preferably located on the mid-perpendicular of the flame sieve, whereby the point of intersection has the offset also with respect to the mid-perpendicular of the flame sieve.
  • the holder is preferably flat, wherein the struts extend inwardly parallel to a ring plane.
  • a ring plane here refers to a plane which is defined by the ring of the cage.
  • the invention further comprises a flame sieve insert for a detonation barrier, in particular for a detonation barrier as described above, comprising a cage with a ring, in particular a cage as described above, and a flame sieve of widely known construction, which is provided by a retaining brace having at least three braces is held, which struts converge from an inner wall of the ring inwardly at exactly one crossing point, wherein the crossing point of the struts with respect to a center of the ring has an offset. It is the Halterost preferably formed flat, wherein the struts extend inwardly parallel to a ring plane.
  • the invention also includes a tube expander for a detonation barrier having an interior space which is open in the longitudinal direction and having a larger and a smaller longitudinal opening.
  • the tube expander largely corresponds to the above-described embodiments of an asymmetrical tube expander.
  • a support grid is arranged in the larger longitudinal opening, which support grid has at least three struts and the struts converge from an inner wall of the interior to the inside in exactly one crossing point.
  • the crossing point of the struts has an offset relative to a center of the opening.
  • the point of intersection also has the offset relative to the mid-perpendicular of the flame sieve.
  • the support grid is flat, so that the struts converge parallel to an opening plane inwardly at the intersection.
  • An opening plane here refers to a plane in which an edge of the larger longitudinal opening is arranged.
  • FIG. 1 shows a tube expander 30 of a detonation barrier according to the invention (see Fig. 3 ) in an exterior view.
  • the tube expander 30 has a circular connection opening 32 at one of its longitudinal ends and a likewise circular housing-side opening 31 at an opposite longitudinal end, wherein a cross-sectional area of the connection opening 32 is smaller than that of the housing-side opening 31.
  • a center point I of the housing-side opening 31 lies on a straight line A of a horizontal plane B and a vertical plane C.
  • “Horizontal” and “vertical” here refer to orientations in the intended and functionally installed state of the detonation barrier. In particular, terms such as “below” or “top” on an intended for the application alignment of the detonation barrier and its parts.
  • a plane D, in which the housing-side opening 31 is located stands perpendicular to the planes B and C and passes through the center I (see Fig. 5 ).
  • the center J of the connection opening 32 is also in the plane C.
  • the viewing direction of the view of Fig. 1 is along the axis A, hereinafter referred to as the longitudinal axis A of the tube expander 30.
  • connection opening 32 has a diameter 32.1, which largely corresponds to half the diameter 31.1 of the housing-side opening 31.
  • the connection opening 32 is arranged below the horizontal plane B such that in a projection along A an outline 32.2 of the connection opening 32 touches an outline 31.2 of the housing-side opening 31 in a point 33 from the inside in the sense of a bevel circle.
  • the point 33 corresponds to a lower intersection 33 of the outline 31.2 of the opening 31 with the plane C.
  • the tube expander 30 comprises a conically converging wall 34 which completely encloses a shell-side elongated interior 35 of the tube expander 30 which is open at the openings 31 and 32.
  • the inner space 35 has a cross section corresponding to the opening 31.
  • a cross-section of the interior 35 tapers as a function of a distance along A until it has the same cross-section as the connection opening 32 at the longitudinal end of the connection opening 32.
  • the wall 34 thus corresponds to a lateral surface of an oblique truncated cone.
  • the wall 34 has a surface line through the point 33 in the plane C, which extends parallel to the horizontal plane B or to the longitudinal axis A.
  • an outwardly projecting flange 36 is formed, which with respect to the axis A azimuthally uniformly distributed axial bores 36.1 for connection to a further housing part of a detonation barrier.
  • another outwardly projecting flange 37 (in Fig. 1 indicated by dashed lines), which allows the connection of the tube expander 30 to, for example, a pipeline.
  • a support grid 40 is formed in a region of the housing-side opening 31, which comprises five struts 41.1-41.5.
  • the struts 41.1-41.5 are fastened with peripheral ends 44.1-44.5 on an inner wall 35.1 of the interior 35 of the tube expander 30 in attachment points 43.1-43.5.
  • the struts 41.1-41.5 in the attachment points 43.1-43.5 welded to the flange 36 at an inner edge 36.2, but can also be attached to the flange 36 in other ways and / or not.
  • the struts 41.1-41.5 extend from the inner wall 35.1 along the plane D into the inner space 35 and converge at a crossing point 42.
  • the support grid 40 may be formed in one piece or may be e.g. composed of individual struts, which are welded together, for example, at the inwardly directed longitudinal ends 45.1- 45.5.
  • the crossing point 42 is offset on a cutting line of the planes C and D with respect to the center I down.
  • the crossing point 42 is thus arranged below the horizontal plane B.
  • the five struts 41.1-41.5 are angularly distributed equally with respect to the intersection point 42, with which adjacent struts each include a pitch angle ⁇ of 72 degrees with respect to the intersection point 42. In general, with uniform distribution of a number of n struts, two adjacent struts each enclose an angle of 360 / n degrees with respect to the point of intersection.
  • the struts 41.1-41.5 are aligned such that one of the struts 41.3 is arranged in the vertical plane C and passes through the center point I.
  • the struts 41.1-41.5 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane C in this case.
  • FIG. 2 shows a circular cage 1 with an existing flame sieve 2 and attached thereto Halterost 3 for a detonation barrier according to the invention with, for example, a tube expander 30 according to Fig. 1 (see also Fig. 4 ).
  • the cage 1 comprises an outer ring 4, which has a length, not shown, in the direction of a perpendicular bisector E of the flame sieve 2, which is in the range of about 1-3 cm. If the flame sieve 2 with cage 1 is installed in a detonation barrier according to the invention, which has a tube expander 30 according to FIG Fig. 1 has, then the mid-perpendicular E of the flame screen 2 coincides with the above introduced longitudinal axis A of the tube expander 30.
  • the perpendicular bisector E also coincides with the intersecting line of the planes B and C and passes through a center F of the ring 4.
  • a passage encompassed by the ring 4 forms a receiving space 5, in which the disk-shaped flame sieve 2 is arranged.
  • the flame sieve 2 has an outer diameter, which corresponds to an inner diameter 4.1 of the ring 4 within the scope of an installation tolerance. If the cage 1 for installation in a detonation barrier with pipe expander 30 according Fig. 1 determined, the inner diameter 4.1 of the ring 4 substantially corresponds to the diameter 31.1 of the housing-side opening 31.
  • the diameter 31.1 of the opening 31 may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter 4.1 of the ring 4 to 31 in an area at the edge of the opening Ring 4 and thus also the flame sieve 2 on the periphery in addition to support.
  • the flame screen 2 has a plurality of capillaries 6 in the axial direction, which in the Fig. 2 are indicated by a net-shaped hatching and cause the flame retardation described above.
  • the flame sieve 2 has a central winding body 2.1, on which the above-mentioned steel sheet strips are wound during the production of the flame sieve 2.
  • Fig. 2 is the circular connection opening 32 of the Rohraufweiters 30 of the housing of the detonation barrier indicated as in the installed state of the cage. 1 is arranged.
  • On the ring 4 of the holder 3 is mounted, which has five struts 7.1-7.5.
  • At circumferentially arranged longitudinal ends 8.1-8.5 the struts 7.1-7.5 are each attached to an inner wall 9 of the ring 4 in attachment points 10.1-10.5.
  • the struts 7.1-7.5 extend perpendicular to the mid-perpendicular E from an inner wall 9 of the ring 4 inwards. Inwardly directed longitudinal ends 11.1-11.5 of the struts 7.1-7.5 converge at a common point of intersection 12 and are interconnected at the point of intersection 12.
  • the point of intersection 12 is arranged offset vertically in the vertical plane C to the mid-perpendicular E of the ring 4 down.
  • An offset d 3 of the crossing point 12 perpendicular to the perpendicular bisector E is selected such that it corresponds to an offset of a crossing point of a support grid of a detonation barrier according to the invention from its longitudinal central axis.
  • the struts 7.1-7.5 of the holding grid 3 are aligned in accordance with the struts of a supporting grid of a detonation barrier according to the invention, which can be provided with the flame screening cage 1.
  • the struts 7.1-7.5 of the holding stanchion 3 with respect to the vertical plane C analogous to the struts 41.1-41.5 of the support grid 40 aligned. This ensures that in the assembled state of the detonation barrier, the holder 3 is covered by the support grid 40.
  • the Halterost 3 is integrally formed and the struts 7.1-7.5 are angularly distributed with respect to the point of intersection 12 angularly star-shaped.
  • the invention also detects, for example, grates from separate struts, which are connected to each other at the intersection 12 or grids with arms as the continuous secants of the cage ring, which intersect at the intersection point and are connected to each other (eg, two arms arranged in a cruciform manner).
  • the ratio of d 2 to d 1 or d 2 to d 3 need not necessarily be the golden ratio, but may also be chosen differently depending on the application or requirement (see above).
  • FIGS. 3a-3f show various exemplary arrangements of struts 21.1-21-6 each of a support grid 20.1-20.6 to support a (not shown) flame sieve for a detonation barrier according to the invention.
  • Any Halteroste of cages for holding the flame sieves correspond in shape and arrangement of the respective support grates of the detonation barriers.
  • the edge 22.1 of a circular interior 22 of a detonation barrier is schematically indicated in all six figures as a circle.
  • the horizontal plane B and the vertical plane C intersect according to the representation of Fig. 1 in a longitudinal axis A, which coincides with a mid-perpendicular of the circular cross-section of the inner space 22.
  • horizontal and vertical refers to an intended for installation alignment of the support grates or Garroste.
  • the support grates 20.1-20.6 are each arranged in a cross-sectional plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A.
  • connection opening 25 of a housing of the detonation barrier is indicated, which has a diameter which corresponds to a radius of the inner space 22.
  • a center J of the connection opening is analogous to Fig. 1 lying in the vertical plane C arranged below the horizontal plane B such that a projection of the connection opening 25 along A tangentially touches an edge of the interior 22 at a lowest point from the inside.
  • the representations of the Fig. 3a-3f differ only in the number and arrangement of the struts 21.1-21.6 of the grates 20.1-20.6.
  • Fig. 3a shows the grate 20.1, which comprises four struts 21.1, which converge starting from the edge 22.1 in a relation to the center I along the vertical C downwardly offset intersection point 24.1.
  • the struts 21.1 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane C.
  • the struts 21.1 are aligned perpendicular to A such that two with respect to the horizontal plane B upwardly extending struts are at an angle ⁇ ⁇ 90 degrees to the plane C and two downwardly extending struts have an angle ⁇ to the plane C, where ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 degrees.
  • Fig. 3b shows the grate 20.2 with four struts 21.2, wherein two of the struts 21.2 are arranged in parallel and with respect to a crossing point 24.2, in which the struts 21.2 converge.
  • the two parallel struts thus together give each a secant of the circular interior 22, which go through the intersection point 24.2.
  • Adjacent struts each enclose a right angle with each other, resulting in a cross-shaped grate 20.2 with four arms.
  • the intersection point 24.2 is arranged analogously to the intersection point 24.1.
  • the struts 21.2 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane C.
  • Fig. 3c shows the grate 20.3 with five struts 21.3, with four struts extending from an analogous to the intersection point 24.1 arranged crossing point 24.3 downward and a strut extends in the vertical plane C up to the edge 22.1 and the longitudinal axis A intersects.
  • the struts 21.3 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane C.
  • Fig. 3d shows the grate 20.4, which comprises four struts 21.4, wherein each pair of struts results in a straight secant of the interior 22.
  • the struts 21.4 are arranged such that one of the resulting secants is parallel to the horizontal plane B and the other secant is arranged in the vertical plane C.
  • the struts 21.4 run together in an analogous to the intersection point 24.1 arranged crossing point 24.4 together.
  • the struts 21.4 thus result in a rectangular cross shape of the grate 20.4, which is aligned horizontally or vertically (in contrast to the diagonally oriented cross shape of the grate 20.2 of Fig. 3b ).
  • Fig. 3e shows the grate 20.5, which has three struts 21.5, wherein two struts are arranged parallel to the horizontal plane B and starting from a similar to the intersection point 24.1 arranged crossing point 24.5, a third strut in the vertical plane C extends up to the edge 22.1 and thereby the longitudinal axis A. cuts.
  • Fig. 3f shows the grate 20.6 with three struts 21.6, which with respect to a crossing point 24.6 evenly distributed star-shaped, that are arranged at the same pitch angle with respect to the intersection point 24.6.
  • the struts 21.6 thus have a pitch angle of 120 degrees with respect to the crossing point 24.6.
  • the crossing point 24.6 is arranged analogously to the intersection point 24.1.
  • the aspiration 21.6 are aligned such that one of the struts extends in the vertical plane C up to the edge 22.1 down and thereby cuts the longitudinal axis A.
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal cross section through a detonation barrier 50 according to the invention with a housing 51.
  • the sectional plane corresponds to the previously described vertical plane C, which comprises a perpendicular bisector E of a arranged in an inner space 52 of the housing 51 Flammsiebs 53.
  • the detonation barrier 50 is designed to be substantially symmetrical with respect to a plane M which is perpendicular to the plane C and in which the flame sieve 53 is arranged.
  • the flame strainer 53 is supported in an annular cage 54 (eg, according to FIGS Fig. 2 ).
  • the cage 54 has an outer Um chargedsring 55 with a passage 55.2, which forms a tubular portion 51.1 of the housing 51 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the flame sieve 53 is arranged in the passage 55.2 within the ring 55 and clamped between two 5-fold holder neck 56 and 57 (analogous to the representation of Fig. 2 ).
  • the grates 56 and 57 each have 5 struts 56.1 and 57.1, which extend from the ring 55 parallel to the plane M inwards and converge to exactly one intersection point 58 and 59 per grate 56 and 57, respectively.
  • the struts 56.1 and 57.1 are attached to attachment points 56.2 and 57.2 on the ring 55 and connected to each other at the intersections 58 and 59.
  • the holder yoke 56 is attached to one of an inner wall 55.3 of the ring 55 inwardly projecting into the passage 55.2 circumferential projection 55.1, which together with the Garrost 56 a retaining means of the ring 55 results.
  • Halterost 56 and projection 55.1 thus prevent the flame strainer 53 can be discharged from the ring 55 in the axial direction.
  • the grate 57 is attached directly to the inner wall 55.3 of the ring 55.
  • one of the struts of Garroste 56 and 57 extends from the intersection point 58 and 59 in the Level C vertically upwards and thus passes through the perpendicular bisector E of the flame sieve 53.
  • a central bobbin 53.1 of the flame strainer 53 is thus supported by the holder neck 56 and 57.
  • the cage 54 is clamped at its ring 55 between flanges 70.1 and 71.1 of two pipe expanders 70 and 71.
  • the Rohraufweiter 70 and 71 correspond largely to in the Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of the tube expander 30 and are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the plane M.
  • the in Fig. 1 inserted longitudinal axis of the tube expander 70 and 71 are arranged coaxially and form a hereinafter referred to as housing longitudinal axis L axis in the plane C.
  • the perpendicular bisector E of the flame strainer 53 coincides with the housing longitudinal axis L.
  • the housing 51 of the detonation barrier 50 thus comprises the tubular section 51.1 formed by the ring 55 and the two tube expander 70 and 71.
  • the tube expander 70 and 71 each have at an opening 70.2 and 71.2, in the area of the flanges 70.1 and 71.1 are formed, an inner diameter and cross section, which largely corresponds to the inner diameter or the cross section of the passage 55.2 of the ring 55.
  • the flanges 70.1 and 71.1 project outwardly from an outer wall of the pipe expander 70 and 71 such that a screw connection 72 of the flanges 70.1 and 71.1 outside the ring 55 is possible.
  • the screw 72 By the screw 72, the ring 55 of the cage 54 is clamped between the flanges 70.1 and 71.1, so that the openings 70.2 and 71.2 connect to the passage 55.2 of the ring 55.
  • each support grates 76 and 77 are formed in the openings 70.2 and 71.2. These have in each case 5 struts 76.1 and 77.1, which are arranged according to the struts 56.1 and 57.1 of the support brackets 56 and 57.
  • the struts 76.1 and 77.1 extend from an inner wall 70.3 and 71.3 of the tube expander 70 and 71 parallel to the plane M inwards and converge at exactly one intersection point 78 and 79, respectively.
  • the struts 76.1 and 77.1 are fastened at attachment points 76.2 and 77.2 on the inner wall 70.3 and 71.3 in the opening 70.2 and 71.2, for example, welded, and are connected to each other at the crossing points 78 and 79.
  • the struts 76.1 and 77.1 are designed to be more massive than the struts 56.1 and 57.1, since they have to support the flame sieve 53 in the event of detonation against the action of a pressure wave front.
  • the struts 76.1 and 77.1 are designed such that the struts 56.1 and 57.1 are covered in a projection onto the plane M by the struts 76.1 and 77.1.
  • the intersection points 58 and 59 of the Garroste 56 and 57 and the crossing points 78 and 79 of the support grates 76 and 77 are arranged in the direction of A and L one behind the other.
  • connection openings 70.5 and 71.5 have an opening diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the openings 70.2 and 71.2 and correspond in their opening cross-section of a pipeline 73, in which the detonation barrier 50 is installed.
  • connection openings 70.5 and 71.5 are arranged eccentrically offset with respect to the longitudinal axis L and the horizontal plane B and aligned with each other.
  • the tube expander 70 and 71 with respect to the longitudinal axis L are formed asymmetrically such that a bottom 52.2 of the interior 52 of the housing 51 of the detonation barrier 50 is continuously formed horizontally from the longitudinal end 70.4 to the longitudinal end 71.4.
  • the housing 51 thus has, at least in the interior 52, a continuous straight surface line from the longitudinal end 70.4 to the opposite longitudinal end 71.4.
  • a projection of the connection openings 70.5 and 71.5 onto the plane M of the flame sieve 53 along the longitudinal axis L is thus arranged in the lower half of the flame sieve 53.
  • An outline of the inner cross section of the connection openings 70.5 and 71.5 nestles in a deepest point tangentially from the inside to an inner contour of the ring 55 (see. Fig. 2 ).
  • An axis N through the centers J 'and J of the connection openings 70.5 and 71.5 is thus arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis L.
  • the points of intersection 58 and 59 of the holding bars 56 and 57 and the points of intersection 78 and 79 of the supporting grates 76 and 77 are offset from the axis L towards the axis N.
  • a pressure wave front 75 entering into the housing 51 of the detonation barrier 50 during a detonation out of the pipeline 73 through the connection opening 71.5 also expands asymmetrically within the asymmetrical tube expander 70 or 71. For this reason, the pressure wave front 75 strikes the flame strainer 53 in a region below the longitudinal axis L or the mid perpendicular E, ie below the horizontal B.
  • the crossing points 78 and 79 are due to the offset b 1 in the region of the "first contact" of the pressure wave front 75 arranged with the flame strainer 53, which results in this same area a center of gravity of the grates 76 and 77. In order for the optimal support function of the grates 76 and 77 is ensured in a case of detonation most heavily loaded area, whereby the mechanical stability of the detonation barrier 50 is significantly improved overall.
  • Modifications of the invention are also conceivable which, for example, comprise only a support grid in one of the tube expander, e.g. depending on which side of the pipeline a detonation is expected.
  • a retaining grid of the cage is conceivable, which is also designed as a support grid, so that no further support grid on the housing of the detonation barrier needs to be more appropriate.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail of a series connection of three cages 100, 101 and 102 with annular sockets 100.1, 101.1 and 102.1, each with circular passages 100.2, 101.2 and 102.2.
  • a respective disk-shaped flame sieve 104, 105 or 106 is arranged such that a plane of the annular sockets 100.1, 101.1 and 102.1 coincides with a plane of the flame sieves 104, 105 and 106 and the flame sieves 104, 105 and 106 are arranged coaxially with their mid-perpendicular (not shown).
  • the mid-perpendiculars of the flame sieves 104, 105 and 106 are also arranged coaxially with the mid-perpendiculars of the annular sockets 100.1, 101.1 and 102.1.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section in a cross-sectional plane, which includes the mid-perpendicular of the three flame sieves 104, 105 and 106 and the previously introduced level C corresponds.
  • the socket 100.1 of the first cage 100 has, at a first opening 100.3 of the passage 100.2 on a first end face 100.4 of the socket 100.1, a projection 100.5 projecting inwards into the passage 100.2.
  • the associated flame sieve 104 rests in an outer edge region on the projection 100.5.
  • struts 100.7 of a holder grid 100.6 are mounted, wherein in the illustration of Fig. 5 only one uppermost of the struts 100.7 is visible.
  • the uppermost strut extends along the cross-sectional plane C from a crossing point (not shown) of the holder 1006 upwards to the holder 100.1.
  • the Halterost 100.6 corresponds to eg the Garrost 3 of Fig.
  • the flame sieve 104 terminates substantially with an end face 100.9 of the holder 100.1.
  • an annular projection 100.10 is formed, which projects at an outer edge 100.11 of the socket 100.1 in the axial direction.
  • the socket 101.1 of the second cage 101 terminates with an end face 101.4 on the end face 100.9 of the first cage 100, wherein an annular groove 101.12 corresponding to the projection 100.10 is formed on the end face 101.4.
  • the projection 100.10 is arranged in the groove 101.12, so that the adjacent end faces 100.4 and 101.9 abut each other.
  • the version 101.1 analogous to the version 100.1, has a protrusion 101.5, which protrudes inwardly at a first opening 101.3 on the end face 101.4, with a retaining 101.6.
  • the retainer 101.6 rests on the flame sieve 104 and on the flame sieve 105 and thus fulfills a double holding function.
  • the flame sieve 105 terminates at an opposite opening 101.8 of the passage 101.2 with an end face 101.9 of the mount 101.1.
  • On the end face 101.9 a projection 101.10 corresponding to the annular projection 100.10 is formed on the socket 101.1.
  • the socket 102.1 of the third cage 102 which adjoins the second cage 101, has, on the end face 102.4 facing the cage 101, analogous to the first one Cage 100 an annular groove 102.12, in which the projection 101.10 of the second cage 101 is arranged.
  • the end face 101.9 and the end face 102.4 of the sockets 101.1 and 102.1 abut one another.
  • a Garrost 102. 6 is provided on an inwardly projecting projection 102.5 of the socket 102.
  • the holder 102.6 is resting against the flame sieves 105 and 106.
  • the three cages 100, 101 and 102 may, for. B. connected to each other, for example, welded, be. It is also conceivable that the sockets 100.1, 101.1 and 101.2 are screwed together in a flange manner by a ring of screw connections on the circumference of the sockets 100.1, 101.1 and 102.1. In this case, the cages 100, 101 and 102 are aligned such that the holding bars 100.6, 101.6 and 102.6 lie in a projection along the mid-perpendicular of the flame sieves 104, 105 and 106 coincident. In the presentation of the Fig.
  • flanges and housing walls of adjacent tube expanders of a detonation barrier provided with the series arrangement of the cages 100, 101 and 102 are indicated by dashed lines.
  • the series arrangement of cages 100, 101 and 102 is analogous to the individual cage of Fig. 4 sandwiched between the flanges of the tube expander.
  • the invention provides a detonation barrier or deflagration barrier and flame barrier for gas-conducting systems such as pipelines, which has improved mechanical stability with a simple design.
  • a flame screen of the detonation barrier is optimally stabilized and supported by the construction according to the invention, so that a high dielectric strength is achieved with a simple design.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
EP09405224A 2008-12-17 2009-12-16 Dispositif de sécurité pour des systèmes conductif de gaz Not-in-force EP2201983B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01980/08A CH700128A1 (de) 2008-12-17 2008-12-17 Sicherheitsarmatur für gasführende Systeme.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2201983A1 true EP2201983A1 (fr) 2010-06-30
EP2201983B1 EP2201983B1 (fr) 2012-01-18

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EP (1) EP2201983B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE541618T1 (fr)
CH (1) CH700128A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016006086A1 (de) * 2016-05-20 2017-11-23 DÜRR Technik GmbH & Co. KG Vakuumpumpe mit Flammendurchschlagsicherung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH305875A (de) * 1951-09-01 1955-03-15 Kemisk Teknisk Apparatur Ab Sicherheitsvorrichtung zum Einbau in eine Rohrleitung.
US3079242A (en) * 1959-12-31 1963-02-26 Nat Tank Co Flame arrestor
WO1994000197A1 (fr) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-06 Chem-Mech Engineering Laboratories Appareil pour arreter les flammes
WO2000056406A1 (fr) 1999-03-24 2000-09-28 A.G. Marvac Limited Pare-flammes anti-detonation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH305875A (de) * 1951-09-01 1955-03-15 Kemisk Teknisk Apparatur Ab Sicherheitsvorrichtung zum Einbau in eine Rohrleitung.
US3079242A (en) * 1959-12-31 1963-02-26 Nat Tank Co Flame arrestor
WO1994000197A1 (fr) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-06 Chem-Mech Engineering Laboratories Appareil pour arreter les flammes
WO2000056406A1 (fr) 1999-03-24 2000-09-28 A.G. Marvac Limited Pare-flammes anti-detonation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016006086A1 (de) * 2016-05-20 2017-11-23 DÜRR Technik GmbH & Co. KG Vakuumpumpe mit Flammendurchschlagsicherung
CN107399709A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2017-11-28 杜尔技术有限及两合公司 具有防火焰击穿装置的真空泵

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CH700128A1 (de) 2010-06-30
ATE541618T1 (de) 2012-02-15

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