EP2190627B1 - Dispositif de polissage - Google Patents

Dispositif de polissage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2190627B1
EP2190627B1 EP08784446A EP08784446A EP2190627B1 EP 2190627 B1 EP2190627 B1 EP 2190627B1 EP 08784446 A EP08784446 A EP 08784446A EP 08784446 A EP08784446 A EP 08784446A EP 2190627 B1 EP2190627 B1 EP 2190627B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polishing
tool
workpiece
arrangement according
holder
Prior art date
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Not-in-force
Application number
EP08784446A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2190627A2 (fr
Inventor
Kim Lorenzen
Jens GRØNBAEK
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Strecon AS
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Strecon AS
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Publication of EP2190627A2 publication Critical patent/EP2190627A2/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/08—Honing tools
    • B24B33/082—Honing tools having only one honing stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/0038—Other grinding machines or devices with the grinding tool mounted at the end of a set of bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B35/00—Machines or devices designed for superfinishing surfaces on work, i.e. by means of abrading blocks reciprocating with high frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J11/00—Manipulators not otherwise provided for
    • B25J11/005—Manipulators for mechanical processing tasks
    • B25J11/0065—Polishing or grinding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a polishing apparatus with a tool holder, on which a polishing tool is arranged and which cooperates with a workpiece holder, in which a workpiece is held with a workpiece surface to be polished, wherein the workpiece holder and the tool holder relative to each other in a first direction and a movable from the first direction different second direction.
  • Such a polishing device is for example off DE 27 42 113 A1 known.
  • the polishing tool is reciprocable in a first direction.
  • the workpiece, in which the polishing tool dips, is set in rotation, so that there is a movement in a second direction between the polishing tool and the workpiece.
  • the workpiece is held on the outside by support rollers, which are simultaneously driven in rotation to rotate the tool.
  • Polishing, grinding and honing are methods of machining a surface that cause material removal with indefinite cutting. Other operations, such as turning and milling, cause a chip removing deformation of a surface with controlled cutting edges. Here are traces of cutting practically unavoidable.
  • polishing of certain surfaces is still done almost exclusively manually today. This applies, for example, in tools that are used for forming metal workpieces, for example in the cold flow technique.
  • the condition of the polished tool surface has a significant influence on the forming process and on the life of the forming tools.
  • rotationally symmetric forming tools are clamped, for example, in a lathe chuck a polishing bench or a lathe and made to rotate. A worker then polishes the functional surfaces of the forming tool with a polishing tool, which he manually reciprocates parallel to the axial direction.
  • Polishing tools typically include polishing stones, e.g. of silicon carbide (carborundum) or wooden rods in combination with polishing agents, e.g. Diamond paste, used.
  • the worker repeatedly checks the result and varies various parameters, i.a. the pad pressure, the rotational speed, and / or its hand movement, and changes the polishing tool as needed to gradually work toward the desired polishing result.
  • various parameters i.a. the pad pressure, the rotational speed, and / or its hand movement.
  • the polishing tool Each time the polishing tool is changed, the surfaces to be polished must be thoroughly cleaned to remove any residue from coarser polishes before polishing with a finer polishing tool. Otherwise, residual coarse polishing particles in subsequent polishing steps could cause traces on the workpiece surface.
  • Polishing therefore requires a considerable experience of the worker.
  • Various parameters that the worker can influence affect the polishing result such as how the worker performs his hand movement, when and how he changes the polishing tool, and how well he matches each polishing step.
  • the properties of these forming tools depend on the manual work of different employees.
  • differences in the polishing quality lead to large fluctuations in the service life of the forming tools.
  • the spreading width can scatter with a factor of 3 to 5.
  • the worker can also move the polishing tool only at a limited speed and with a limited contact pressure. Therefore, in order to introduce the mechanical power necessary for a good and fast polishing result into the polishing process, the rotation of the workpiece is normally selected relatively quickly.
  • the runs Polishing path ie the path that describes the polishing tool on the workpiece surface, substantially tangential to the rotation of the workpiece, so approximately circular.
  • Typical machining marks, such as turning marks, which originate from earlier machining steps on the workpiece typically also run tangentially and are therefore difficult to remove with manual polishing, which leads either to long polishing times or to poor final quality.
  • DE 199 47 006 A1 shows an abrasive block holder to be used to finish grinding a vehicle brake drum.
  • the grinding block holder has a tool holder into which a plurality of grinding tools are inserted.
  • the tool holder is fastened with bolts and springs to a holder so that it can move with multiple degrees of freedom.
  • the force with which the tool holder acts against the workpiece is adjusted by a positioning.
  • US 2002/0031987 A1 shows a device in which the surface of a disc is smoothed by honing.
  • the tool used for honing is gimbaled, so it can set its position within certain limits against the workpiece freely.
  • US 2004/0259471 A1 shows a polishing apparatus with a polishing tool, which is arranged on a tool holder and is guided by means of a handling arm of a robot over one or more surfaces of a workpiece.
  • the tool holder has a biasing drive which is attached to the handling arm and to which a flat holder is attached.
  • the tool is fixed, which is rotatably drivable relative to the holder.
  • the narrow side of the holder faces the workpiece.
  • the invention has for its object to make a polishing process at least partially reproducible and documented.
  • the third direction is thus practically perpendicular to the workpiece surface of a workpiece which is held in the workpiece holder.
  • the movement of the workpiece holder is transferred in the simplest case directly to the workpiece.
  • the polishing tool can be pressed by the resilient training with a certain force against the surface.
  • the tool holder is guided by a machine, so that the movements in the first direction and in the second direction controlled by a machine can be performed.
  • the positioning of the tool holder in the third direction is less critical. Due to the resilient configuration of the tool holder, the polishing tool conforms to the surface of the workpiece and, due to the relative movement in the first and second directions, slides over the surface of the workpiece to polish it.
  • a change in the position of the tool holder in the third direction increases or decreases the contact pressure slightly, but this is still acceptable for the polishing process in the rule.
  • the relative movements between the workpiece and the tool can be generated in different ways.
  • the workpiece can be arranged in a workpiece holder, which is part of the polishing device.
  • the workpiece holder may also be provided separately from the polishing device, so that the tool holder can be brought to the workpiece for polishing by the polishing device - or vice versa, for example, in the floor mounted rails.
  • the workpiece holder may, for example, be a lathe or another machine tool arranged separately from the polishing device.
  • the effort when handling the workpiece in the manufacturing can be reduced overall.
  • the tool holder is thus stiffer in the first and in the second direction. You can then move the polishing tool with a certain force in the first direction, without deforming the tool holder. As a result, a relatively precise control of the movement of the polishing tool can be achieved so that the polishing tool can be guided along predetermined polishing paths.
  • the rigidity of the tool holder in the first and second directions should be so great that the polishing tool does not vibrate or vibrate in the first and second directions. Since the tool holder is resiliently formed in the third direction, it has a substantially lower rigidity in the third direction.
  • the rigidity in the first direction is at least five times as great as the rigidity in the third direction, ie at least five times the force in the first direction is required to deform the tool holder by the same amount as in the third direction.
  • the tool holder in the second direction has a rigidity which is at least five times greater than the rigidity in the third direction. This also avoids that the polishing tool is moved tangentially by relative movement to the workpiece or is made to vibrate.
  • the tool holder has a length which corresponds to at least ten times its maximum effective diameter.
  • the effective diameter would be the diameter for a circular cross-section. If the cross section deviates from the circular shape, then the effective diameter is the square root of the cross sectional area.
  • the use of a relatively long tool holder has two advantages. For one thing, you can do with such a long tool holder also penetrate into the interior of workpieces and polish them, which have only a small clear space in their interior. On the other hand, this results in the low stiffness, so the resilient property in the third direction in a comfortable way automatically.
  • a drive is provided which superimposes an oscillating additional movement on the relative movement between the workpiece holder and the polishing tool.
  • a polishing path along which the polishing tool is guided over the workpiece.
  • the actual polishing process then results from the fact that the polishing tool oscillates back and forth.
  • the polishing tool then performs a sinusoidal movement around the polishing path around.
  • the oscillating movement has a frequency in the range from 20 to 100 Hz. This makes it possible to move the polishing tool at a relatively high speed over the surface of the workpiece to be polished, which is accommodated in the workpiece holder. If the oscillating movement is in the first direction, then by oscillating at the specified frequency, the influence of the movement in the first direction can be at least as great as the influence of the movement in the second direction. It is thus possible to move the polishing tool over the surface of the workpiece so that almost every point is traversed by polishing paths at different angles. This gives an excellent polishing result.
  • the oscillating motion has an amplitude in the range of 0.05 to 5 mm.
  • the amplitude of the oscillating movement is smaller than the extension of the polishing tool in the direction of the oscillating movement. This can be a very uniform distribution of the polishing work done in the first direction can be achieved.
  • the drive is connected to a control device which changes an oscillation frequency and / or an oscillation amplitude.
  • the change can be controlled by a random generator or by a program. It is also possible to operate the control device manually.
  • By changing parameters of the oscillation movement one avoids that interference patterns form on the surface, which otherwise can result with a sinusoidal movement.
  • By influencing the parameters of the oscillation movement one can also influence the polishing process.
  • control means controls the relative movement in the second direction at a lower speed than the oscillating movement. This applies in any case for a part of the polishing process. As a result, polishing tracks can be produced which have a main component in the first direction.
  • the polishing tool is movable in the first direction and the workpiece holder is movable in the second direction. So you can use different drives for the movements in the different directions.
  • the decoupling of the motion control makes it easier to guide the polishing tool along a predetermined path.
  • the workpiece holder is rotatable at a speed in the range of 50 to 1000 rpm. Especially with rotationally symmetrical workpieces, such a design is advantageous. If the workpiece is rotated by the workpiece holder, then by simple linear movement of the polishing tool parallel to the axis of rotation, one can reach each area of the workpiece which is to be polished.
  • the front side of the workpiece can also be polished during a rotational movement.
  • a plurality of tool holders are provided with different spring properties. Since you can also influence the polishing process on the spring properties, so the stiffness of the individual tool holder, you can then pick a tool holder that is suitable for a desired polishing process.
  • different polishing tools are each provided with different codes, each coding matching only at least one predetermined tool holder.
  • the polishing tool is attached via an intermediate holder on the tool holder. This facilitates handling.
  • the tool holder is arranged on an automatic handling machine with at least two axes of movement.
  • the handling machine may, for example, be a conventional one Industrial robots act.
  • Such an industrial robot often even has six axes of motion, namely three trans-latorische and three rotational axes of motion.
  • the drive and / or the tool holder and / or the automatic handling machine is provided with movement and / or force sensors. These sensors enable the polishing apparatus to measure the movements of the polishing tool relative to the workpiece and / or the forces between the polishing tool and the workpiece. As a result, e.g. the wear of the polishing tool can be monitored and compensated.
  • the workpiece holder and the tool holder have a variable angle relative to each other.
  • the oscillating additional movement between the workpiece and the polishing tool can thereby adjust trajectories of the polishing tool on the workpiece, which have relatively many directions in virtually every point of the surface to be polished. This improves the polishing result.
  • a contact pressure of the polishing tool on the workpiece is controllable, in particular in dependence on the position of the polishing tool on the workpiece.
  • the polishing device has a pressure device operated with a pressure fluid, in particular compressed air, which influences the contact pressure.
  • a pressure fluid in particular compressed air
  • This pressing device may well be integrated in the handling machine. But it can also be arranged between the handling machine and the tool holder.
  • the use of a pressurized fluid is a particularly simple measure.
  • the pressure in the Durckfluid determines the force with which the pressing device acts on the polishing tool.
  • a gaseous pressure fluid has the additional advantage that it is compatible within certain limits, so that here an additional spring action is incorporated, which further influences the polishing process favorable. Compressed air is available in many factories anyway.
  • the pressure of the pressurized fluid is controlled by a controller.
  • the control device can adjust the desired contact pressure of the polishing tool on the workpiece in a simple manner by changing the pressure.
  • a method of polishing a workpiece surface of a workpiece by forming microscopic pits in the surface in a pre-machining and by polishing, changing a part of the surface protruding between the pits is explained.
  • the depth of the recesses generated in the pre-processing can, for example in the order of 1 to 10 microns, preferably from 3 to 5 microns.
  • the remaining surface is polished so as to obtain a workpiece surface with excellent qualities. It is sufficient to polish only the part of the surface that protrudes between the recesses.
  • the bottom of the wells can be left unworked because it does not hinder the distribution of lubricant.
  • Fig. 7 a schematic representation of a surface structure in three different states of processing.
  • An in Fig. 1 shown polishing device 1 has in the ready state a workpiece 2 and a tool holder 3 with a polishing tool 4 arranged thereon (FIG. Fig. 2 ) on.
  • the workpiece 2 is rotationally symmetrical in the present case and can therefore be held in a trained as lathe chuck 5 workpiece holder.
  • the lathe chuck 5 rotates, the workpiece 2 is rotated.
  • the tool holder 3 is arranged on an arm 6 of an automatic handling machine 7, that is, an industrial robot.
  • the handling machine 7 has a total of six axes of movement, ie it can be one at the top move the arm 6 arranged oscillation drive 8 in three translational directions and pivot about three axes of rotation.
  • the tool holder 3 is connected to the oscillation drive 8.
  • the oscillating drive 8 may, for example, have a conventional eccentric drive, which converts the rotation of a motor into a linearly oscillating motion.
  • the direction of this movement is hereinafter referred to as "first direction 9".
  • the arm 6 of the handling machine 7 can bring the tool holder 3 and thus the polishing tool 4 in virtually any positions and orientations relative to the workpiece 2.
  • the surface of the workpiece 2 moves in a second direction 10 (FIG. Fig. 2 ).
  • the movement in the first direction 9 is thus controlled by the handling machine 7, wherein this movement is still superimposed on an oscillatory movement, which is controlled by the oscillation drive 8.
  • the movement in the second direction 10 is generated by the lathe chuck 5.
  • an arrow 12 is shown for clarity, indicating the second direction locally relative to the tool holder 3.
  • a control unit 13 which can be actuated via a keyboard 14 with screen 15, controls both the movement of the handling machine 7 and the movement of the lathe chuck 5.
  • the control unit 13 also control the oscillation drive 8, ie change its frequency and / or amplitude ,
  • the change of frequency and / or amplitude can be effected by a random number generator. It is also possible to make this change programmatically.
  • a guard 16 is laterally displaceable, so that the workpiece 2 and the tool holder 3 are accessible to an operator. During an automatic polishing process, however, the protective cover 16 is pushed in front of the rotating workpiece 2 and the automatic handling machine.
  • a towel holder 17a provides paper towels, which are usually still soaked with alcohol or other cleaning agent to clean the workpiece 2 after each section of a polishing process. Behind the handling machine, a waste paper bin 17b is provided to receive used towels.
  • the protective cover 16 is provided with a safety switch, not shown, which ensures when opening the protective cover 16 that the control unit can activate neither the lathe chuck 3 nor the handling machine 7.
  • a control panel 27 is provided, via which the worker can activate and control the lathe chuck. This ensures that the worker is not injured by machine-controlled equipment.
  • Fig. 2 now shows the interaction of workpiece 2 and tool holder 3 in an enlarged scale.
  • the tool holder 3 is designed as a rod 18 with a cross section 19.
  • the cross section 19 is here oval, that is, it is greater in the second direction 12 than in a third direction 20, which is perpendicular to the first direction 9 and on the second direction 12.
  • the length of the rod 18 is at least ten times the effective diameter of the cross section 19. For a circular cross section 19 this would be the normal diameter. If the shape of the cross section 19 deviates from the circular shape, then the effective cross section is the root of the cross sectional area.
  • the polishing tool 4, which is arranged at the tip of the tool holder 3, may be formed as a polishing stone.
  • the tool holder 3 is guided by the handling machine 7 in a predetermined manner in the axial direction.
  • the movement caused by the handling machine 7 is superimposed on an oscillatory movement in the first direction 9.
  • the frequency of this movement is in the range of 20 to 100 Hz.
  • the amplitude of this movement is in the range of 0.05 to 5 mm.
  • the rotational speed of the lathe chuck is in the range of 50 to 1000 rpm.
  • the amplitude is chosen to be smaller than the length of the polishing tool 4 in the first direction 9. This enables a very uniform distribution of the polishing work performed in the first direction.
  • the handling machine 7, the arm 6 of the automatic handling machine 7 and / or the tool holder 3 may be provided with acceleration and / or force sensors that allow the control device 13, the movements of the polishing tool 4 and / or the forces between the polishing tool 4 and the workpiece 2 in up to three axes to measure.
  • the contact pressure can be controlled or the wear of the polishing tool 4 monitored and compensated.
  • Fig. 3 shows a modified embodiment of a tool holder 3.
  • This tool holder 3 has two rods 18 a, 18 b, which are connected to each other in the second direction by a strut 21.
  • the polishing tool 4 which is attached via an intermediate holder 22 on the tool holder 3.
  • a fitting 23 is arranged, with which the tool holder 3 is connected to the oscillation drive 8.
  • the tool holder 3 can advantageously be made of carbon or glass fiber reinforced plastic or of a light metal, such as aluminum. Titanium, to be produced.
  • the bar or bars 18, 18a, 18b of the tool holder 3 may further be e.g. as a tube, as a plurality of thinner rods in a common enclosure, or be formed as a grid structure.
  • the polishing tool 4 may e.g. be connected by adhesive, by screws or by a snap-in connection with the tool holder 3.
  • the tool holder 3 has a slightly lower rigidity. In the third direction 20, however, the tool holder 3 is resilient, i. he has a relatively low rigidity.
  • the rigidity in the second direction 12 is at least five times as great as the rigidity in the third direction 20.
  • the tool holder 3 deforms in the third direction 20 then at least five times as strong.
  • the control of the handling machine 7 can be done with a certain tolerance.
  • the handling machine 7 leads (based on the representation of the Fig. 1 )
  • the tool holder 3 is deformed in the third direction 20.
  • the polishing tool 4 then abuts against the inside 11 of the workpiece 2 with a certain force.
  • the control unit 13 can carry out a program-controlled movement of the tool holder 3 in order to keep the distance in the third direction 20 between the workpiece 2 and the polishing tool 4 approximately constant during the polishing process.
  • the input can be made from individual parameters, e.g. the axial extent of the workpiece and the polishing tool consist.
  • Complicated workpiece geometries may e.g. taken directly from a design program, computer-aided entered by the operator or automatically measured by the system.
  • polishing tool 4 wears or another polishing tool is used, then usually no change in the motion control of the handling machine 7 is required. Although there are minor changes in the application of force to the polishing tool 4. However, these are still within a tolerable range.
  • polishing tool 4 If the polishing tool 4 is guided over the inside 11 of the workpiece 2, then would be in the prior art ( Fig. 4 ) provide wave-shaped polishing tracks 24 which run substantially in the second direction 10. If there is a perturbation 25 running in the same direction 10, then this perturbation 25, for example a turning lane, can not be removed by polishing.
  • Fig. 5 shows polishing sheets 26 according to the present invention. It can be seen that these polishing paths have different wavelengths, amplitudes and positions in the first direction 9. If such polishing pads 26 encounter the disturbance 25, then this disturbance 25 is eliminated faster and more reliably because there is a higher proportion of polishing pads 26 having a relatively large angle to the disturbance 25. This is in Fig. 6 shown again in an enlarged view.
  • a finer polishing tool may require a lower pressing force.
  • a separate tool holder 3 is provided for each polishing tool 4.
  • Tool holder 3 and polishing tool 4 are then coded to each other. This coding can simply consist in that the polishing tool 4 of a certain quality has a fastening geometry which only fits into the fastening geometry of a specific tool holder 3. If the polishing tool 4 has to be replaced, then the entire tool holder 3 is released from the automatic handling machine and a new tool holder 3 is mounted. However, one can support the operator by indicating after a polishing section on the screen 15, which polishing tool 4 is to be used expediently in the next polishing operation.
  • a pressing device 28 is expediently provided, which can be operated with a pressurized fluid, for example compressed air.
  • the pressure of the pressurized fluid may be controlled by the controller 13.
  • This control device 13 can be connected to a pressure or force sensor, not shown.
  • the pressing device is shown acting on the rod 18.
  • the Pressing device can also be arranged elsewhere, for example, be integrated in the handling machine 7 or in the oscillation drive 8. By the above-mentioned pressure or force sensor, it is also possible to regulate the contact pressure.
  • the oscillation speed of the polishing tool 4 that is to say the movement in the first direction 9, to be greater than the movement of the surface to be polished in the second direction 12.
  • the oscillation speed of the polishing tool 4 By changing this speed ratio, different angles can be set with which the polishing tool 4 is guided over the surface to be polished. If the movement in the first direction 9 is greater than the movement of the surface to be polished in the second direction 12, then the majority of the polishing paths are predominantly transverse to the processing tracks most frequently occurring in rotationally symmetrical workpieces, whereby they are eliminated faster.
  • the controller 13 or other computer may be used to predict the variation of frequencies, amplitudes, and axial tool positions.
  • already known optimization methods can be used, for example, to achieve that each point is traversed on the workpiece surface to be polished 11 of polishing paths 26, which have the largest possible angular variation.
  • the calculation can be done with consideration for the preprocessing history take place, for example, if it is known in which areas on the workpiece surface 11 lathes 25 typically occur.
  • the axial distribution of the polishing work can be controlled accordingly.
  • the frequency and the amplitude of the oscillation movement of the polishing tool 4 can be made, for example, depending on the radial distance of the polishing tool 4 from the axis of rotation of the workpiece 2 and / or depending on the fineness of the polishing tool 4 used, so that the relative speed (ie the peaks - or rms values) within specified limits holds.
  • the device 1 according to the invention is surprisingly excellent for the polishing of forming tools 2 for cold flow.
  • people are still polishing everywhere, because previous experience has shown that it was not possible to replace the experience and judgment of human labor with machines.
  • the shape of the surface Prior to polishing forming tools 2, the shape of the surface is normally finished to a finished size by machining processes such as hard turning, grinding, milling or eroding.
  • the polishing process should therefore not change the geometry of the surface 11, but refine the microstructure and the roughness of the surface 11. This is unlike polishing surfaces of other metallic products, such as utensils, water fittings, plastic molds, or products with mirror surfaces, which are usually polished for the sole purpose of avoiding visually discernible patterns or imperfections.
  • polishing process can proceed relative to the pre-machined surface 11 and can therefore take place with a relatively flexible positioning of the polishing tool 4.
  • machining marks 25 are left on the surface 11, and the purpose of polishing is to eliminate these machining marks 25 without damaging the microstructure of the surface 11.
  • the metal grid structure is located just below the surface 11, e.g. is damaged by fatigue.
  • protruding machining roughness and marks are gradually removed gently, whereby the upper layer of the surface 11 is progressively smoother, while the structure of the layers remains the same underneath. Larger structures, such as Gradations, will survive the polishing process, but in a smoothed form. However, such structures have only a slight effect on the quality or service life of a forming tool for cold flow.
  • the device 1 according to the invention is also outstandingly suitable for machining the surface of a workpiece 2 such that a uniformly distributed, microscopic removal results. For example, can be removed over the entire workpiece surface 11, a material layer of only 1 micron or less, the removal and distribution of the removal of the surface 11 are completely and precisely controlled. As a result, surprisingly completely new processing methods and thus also the production of completely new surface structures are made possible.
  • the machining tool In order to achieve a high surface portion of recesses, the machining tool must be performed several times over the workpiece surface. The machining tool can only be roughly positioned compared to the width of the depressions. This increases the risk that the distribution of the depressions over the workpiece surface becomes irregular, whereby the stability and the lubricating properties of the sliding surface can be impaired.
  • Fig. 7 shows schematic sections A, B, C through a workpiece surface 29 of a workpiece, which has been processed according to an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the workpiece surface 29 is shown in sections a, b, c by way of example along a cylindrical desired surface 34.
  • the direction perpendicular to the target surface 34 and the curvature of the target surface 34 are shown disproportionately.
  • the workpiece surface 29 may be provided, for example, as a bearing or sliding surface for a bearing, such as a bearing shell, a roller or a ball in a rolling or a ball bearing or a sliding bearing.
  • forming surfaces on forming tools such.
  • Thermoforming dies for sheet metal stamping or reduction tools for wire, rod or tube drawing can be advantageously processed by the method according to the invention.
  • the workpiece surface 29 has already been brought into the required shape for the mechanical function of the workpiece in the pre-processing in compliance with appropriate tolerances. Simultaneously or subsequently, a more or less regular wave structure with recesses 30 was formed in the workpiece surface 29.
  • the recesses 30 may be e.g. be formed by hard turning, milling or grinding.
  • the depressions 30 preferably have a depth of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 3 to 5 ⁇ m, and a width, or wavelength, of 10 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 100 to 250 ⁇ m.
  • the section a shows the workpiece surface 29 in this processing state. Between the recesses 30 are peaks or ridges 31 out. The peaks or ridges 31 partially protrude beyond the target surface 34.
  • the workpiece surface 29 was polished, whereby the peaks or ridges 31 protruding between the recesses 30 were changed.
  • This processing state is shown in section b.
  • the peaks or ridges 31 have been partially removed, thereby forming smooth sliding surfaces 32 which run along the desired surface 34 and make up about one third of the workpiece surface 29, while the remaining part of recesses 30 is traversed.
  • the bottom 35 of the recesses remained unchanged by the polishing.
  • the sliding surfaces 32 together form a functional surface of the workpiece, for example a bearing surface or a forming surface.
  • the functional surface is supplied with lubricant from the recesses 30, so that a hydrodynamic lubricating film is formed on the functional surface.
  • the area ratio between sliding surfaces 32 and recesses 30 can be controlled, whereby the stability and the Lubricating properties of the workpiece surface 29 can be influenced.
  • section c a processing state of the workpiece surface 29 is shown after further polishing, but with a relatively soft polishing tool.
  • the edges 33 of the sliding surfaces 32 were slightly rounded. The rounded edges 33 reduce the risk of the edges 33 rupturing the lubricant film and thus help maintain the lubricant film upright.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Dispositif de polissage (1) avec un porte-outil (3), sur lequel est disposé un outil de polissage (4) et qui coagit avec un porte-pièce (2) maintenant une pièce avec une surface de pièce à polir, sachant que le porte-pièce (2) et le porte-outil (3) peuvent être déplacés l'un par rapport à l'autre dans une première direction (9) et une deuxième direction (10, 12) divergeant de la première direction (9), caractérisé en ce que le porte-outil (3) conçu comme une barre (18) est réalisé de manière élastique dans une troisième direction (20) qui est perpendiculaire à la première direction (9) et à la deuxième direction (10, 12) et pratiquement perpendiculaire à la surface de pièce, et présente sa plus faible rigidité dans la troisième direction (20).
  2. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le porte-outil (3) dans la deuxième direction (10, 12) présente une rigidité qui est au moins cinq fois plus grande que la rigidité dans la troisième direction (20).
  3. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le porte-outil (3) présente une longueur qui correspond au moins à dix fois son diamètre effectif maximal.
  4. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un entraînement (8) est prévu, lequel superpose au mouvement relatif entre le porte-pièce (5) et l'outil de polissage (4) un mouvement supplémentaire oscillant.
  5. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement oscillant présente une fréquence comprise dans la plage entre 20 et 100 Hz.
  6. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement oscillant présente une amplitude comprise dans la plage entre 0,05 et 5 mm.
  7. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement (8) est relié à un dispositif de commande (13) qui modifie une fréquence d'oscillation et/ou une amplitude d'oscillation.
  8. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande (13) commande le mouvement relatif dans la deuxième direction (10, 12) à une plus faible vitesse que le mouvement oscillant.
  9. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de polissage (4) peut être déplacé dans la première direction (9) et le porte-pièce (5) dans la deuxième direction (10, 12).
  10. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le porte-pièce (2) peut tourner à une vitesse de rotation comprise dans la plage entre 50 et 1 000 tr/min.
  11. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs porte-outils (3) présentant différentes propriétés élastiques sont prévus.
  12. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que différents outils de polissage (4) sont respectivement prévus avec différents codages, sachant que chaque codage ne s'adapte qu'à au moins un porte-outil (3) prédéterminé.
  13. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de polissage (4) est fixé par le biais d'un support intermédiaire (22) sur le porte-outil (3).
  14. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le porte-outil (3) est disposé sur un manipulateur (7) présentant au moins deux axes de déplacement.
  15. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement (8) et/ou le porte-outil (3) et/ou le manipulateur (7) sont pourvus de capteurs de déplacement et/ou de force.
  16. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le porte-pièce (5) et le porte-outil (3) présentent un angle modifiable l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  17. Dispositif de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce qu'une pression d'appui de l'outil de polissage (4) sur la pièce (2) peut être commandée en particulier en fonction de la position de l'outil de polissage (4) sur la pièce (2).
  18. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un dispositif de pressage (28) fonctionnant au fluide sous pression, en particulier à l'air comprimé, qui influence la pression d'appui.
  19. Dispositif de polissage selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que la pression du fluide sous pression est commandée par un dispositif de commande (13).
EP08784446A 2007-09-14 2008-09-12 Dispositif de polissage Not-in-force EP2190627B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007044077A DE102007044077A1 (de) 2007-09-14 2007-09-14 Poliervorrichtung
PCT/DK2008/000323 WO2009033485A2 (fr) 2007-09-14 2008-09-12 Dispositif de polissage et procédé pour polir une surface de pièce

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2190627A2 EP2190627A2 (fr) 2010-06-02
EP2190627B1 true EP2190627B1 (fr) 2012-04-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08784446A Not-in-force EP2190627B1 (fr) 2007-09-14 2008-09-12 Dispositif de polissage

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8512097B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2190627B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010538842A (fr)
KR (1) KR101213517B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101842191A (fr)
AT (1) ATE553885T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007044077A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2190627T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009033485A2 (fr)

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DE102012108126A1 (de) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schleifen eines Oberflächenabschnitts eines Produkts
DE102016014918A1 (de) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-21 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, dieses vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Polieren von CFK-Probekörpern
DE102019115562A1 (de) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-10 Ferrobotics Compliant Robot Technology Gmbh Ausgleich von lagetoleranzen beim der robotergestützten oberflächenbearbeitung

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DE102014003485B4 (de) * 2014-03-14 2019-08-01 PWG Präzisions-Werkzeugbau Geißler GmbH Lang-Innenrund-Honmaschine mit Industrie-Mehrachsroboter und Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Honbearbeitung
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012108126A1 (de) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schleifen eines Oberflächenabschnitts eines Produkts
DE102016014918A1 (de) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-21 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, dieses vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Polieren von CFK-Probekörpern
DE102019115562A1 (de) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-10 Ferrobotics Compliant Robot Technology Gmbh Ausgleich von lagetoleranzen beim der robotergestützten oberflächenbearbeitung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2190627T3 (da) 2012-07-16
ATE553885T1 (de) 2012-05-15
EP2190627A2 (fr) 2010-06-02
JP2010538842A (ja) 2010-12-16
CN101842191A (zh) 2010-09-22
KR20100043274A (ko) 2010-04-28
US20100255758A1 (en) 2010-10-07
WO2009033485A3 (fr) 2009-05-28
US8512097B2 (en) 2013-08-20
KR101213517B1 (ko) 2012-12-20
WO2009033485A2 (fr) 2009-03-19
DE102007044077A1 (de) 2009-03-19

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