EP2837464B1 - Procédé de polissage destiné au traitement d'une surface optique d'une lentille optique et outils de polissage appropriés - Google Patents

Procédé de polissage destiné au traitement d'une surface optique d'une lentille optique et outils de polissage appropriés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2837464B1
EP2837464B1 EP14171252.1A EP14171252A EP2837464B1 EP 2837464 B1 EP2837464 B1 EP 2837464B1 EP 14171252 A EP14171252 A EP 14171252A EP 2837464 B1 EP2837464 B1 EP 2837464B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
polishing
axis
rotational
lens
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EP14171252.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2837464A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Mandler
Sebastian Stahringer
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Optotech Optikmaschinen GmbH
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Optotech Optikmaschinen GmbH
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Publication of EP2837464A1 publication Critical patent/EP2837464A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor by means of tools with abrading surfaces corresponding in shape with the lenses to be made
    • B24B13/026—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor by means of tools with abrading surfaces corresponding in shape with the lenses to be made the contact between tool and workpiece being a line
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/01—Specific tools, e.g. bowl-like; Production, dressing or fastening of these tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses involving grinding wheels controlled by gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses, the tool or work being controlled by information-carrying means, e.g. patterns, punched tapes, magnetic tapes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/002—Grinding heads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a polishing method for processing an optical surface of an optical lens according to claim 1 and a polishing tool device for carrying out the method according to claim 6.
  • Spectacle lenses and other optical lenses are often obtained from a lens blank by machining and surface annealing processing. After machining an optical surface, it has a relatively large roughness, for example 200-300 nm. This is reduced by means of subsequent polishing in order to eliminate optical defects.
  • the polishing does not only serve to reduce the roughness, but also the fine contour of the optical surface.
  • lenses have an irregular surface topography to correct for various vision defects. From other optical applications such as telescopes, microscopes and cameras, the use of so-called atorischer lens surfaces is known.
  • polishing technologies include the polishing belt ( DE 103 33 500 A1 ) and the polishing wheel ( DE 100 31 057 A1 ).
  • a polishing wheel is according to DE 100 31 057 A1 rotated about its wheel axis and moved over the optical surface.
  • the polishing wheel is in this case elastically deformed by means of a working pressure, so that the polishing surface of the polishing wheel rests with a so-called footprint or spot on the surface of the lens.
  • abrasive agents such as emery, polish, diamond paste and the like are introduced into the polishing zone.
  • the desired amount of material removal is achieved.
  • the feed is usually about 0.01 m / s, whereas the rotating polishing surface of the polishing wheel moves at about 7 m / s relative to the surface.
  • the removal of material is almost exclusively caused by the speed and the contact pressure of the polishing wheel, however, the amount of material removal adjusted by the feed and the contact pressure of the polishing wheel.
  • a removal footprint is created for this, which serves as basic information for the removal rate. Based on this, a velocity profile for the feed along the movement path is calculated.
  • the feed rate is low where a lot of material has to be removed. Conversely, it is high at the places where little material to be removed. As a result, the surface is brought into the desired topography and the surface roughness is reduced.
  • a problem in the prior art is that the roughness (with brittle-hard materials) can be minimally reduced to 4-7 nm.
  • a meandering motion path is selected, that is, a path corresponding to a rectangular function.
  • a path corresponding to a rectangular function In such a path there is no middle with a previously described problem.
  • the raster movement of the polishing wheel generates linear polishing lines which are imaged as a kind of mid-frequency (mid-spatial frequency) on the workpiece.
  • These ruts are too large with 1 mm to 2 mm to be called as roughness and too small to be able to correct them individually with a tool can.
  • the mid-frequencies are very difficult to smooth, because they anchor very persistently in the surface memory of the workpiece and also under the surface material changes, so-called stress deformations have.
  • the generated microroughness is linearly aligned with a meandering movement path.
  • CA 2 356 497 A1 Also, an approach to a polishing method is followed, by means of which a surface of an optical lens is polished with a polishing wheel.
  • the polishing wheel on a wheel axle, which is surrounded radially by a polishing surface.
  • the polishing surface of the polishing wheel is placed on the surface of a lens and the polishing wheel is moved relative to the lens over the surface thereof.
  • the polishing wheel rotates both about the wheel axis, as well as about an axis of rotation, which is aligned perpendicular to the wheel axis.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a method and a device with which a contouring and surface-annealing polishing a lens with high dimensional accuracy, low surface roughness and high optical quality is possible. They should each be easy to use, reliable in operation and inexpensive.
  • the invention relates to a polishing method for processing an optical surface of an optical lens, comprising a polishing wheel having a wheel axis, which is radially surrounded by a polishing surface, and in which the polishing surface of the polishing wheel is placed on the surface of the lens, the polishing wheel relative to Lens is moved over the surface along a machining path, the polishing wheel is rotated about the wheel axis, the polishing wheel is rotated (simultaneously) about an axis of rotation which is aligned perpendicular to the wheel axis, wherein the polishing wheel at a fixed speed ratio about the wheel axis (A1) and the rotation axis is rotated, wherein the polishing wheel is moved along a helical movement path, and wherein a rotational speed of the polishing wheel about the wheel axis in the spiral center of the movement path against a rotational speed of the polishing wheel about the wheel axis on Outside radius of the spiral of the movement path is reduced, and wherein a rotational
  • the advantage of spiraling is that no linear mid frequencies are generated.
  • the rotation of the polishing wheel about the wheel axis and the axis of rotation also avoids linear microroughness.
  • the processing preferably takes place from the lens periphery in the direction of the lens center. Due to the reduced speed in the lens center, an optical error due to excessive material removal in the center of the lens is reduced or avoided.
  • the polishing wheel is preferably to be lifted off the surface of the lens. Consequently, lenses with high optical quality can be produced by this method, in particular also spectacle lenses. According to the method, both lenses made of glass and lenses made of plastic can be processed.
  • the wheel axis should (always) be aligned substantially parallel to the surface of the lens.
  • the wheel axle is then a parallel to the tangent plane in the footprint of the polishing wheel or the axis of rotation is a perpendicular to the tangent plane.
  • the footprint is always the same shape and has no uneven, one-sided pressure points. This achieves a uniformly high dimensional accuracy and low roughness.
  • the spiral machining path can also be referred to as a (conical / cone-like) space spiral.
  • the third dimension in the axial direction of the axis of rotation is usually very small in relation to the lens diameter, which is why in this application the term is used spirally.
  • a design of the spiral at least approximately to an Archimedean spiral is to be preferred.
  • the distance between two adjacent spiral turns is largely constant.
  • the distance between two spiral turns should be (slightly) smaller than the diameter of the footprint of the polishing wheel.
  • methods for surface treatment, surface coating and external contouring of the lens may be added, e.g. for producing a mirrored lens, a hardened lens and / or a spectacle lens contour.
  • the rotational speed of the polishing wheel is reduced about the wheel axis and / or the axis of rotation in the spiral center of the movement path relative to a rotational speed of the polishing wheel about the wheel axis and / or the axis of rotation at the outer radius of the spiral of the movement path.
  • the rotational speed of the polishing wheel about the wheel axis and the axis of rotation in the center of the spiral of the movement path is selected to be lower than at the outer radius of the spiral of the movement path. In this way, the relative velocity between the surface of the lens and the polishing surface is effectively reduced. At the same time a uniform micro-roughness can be achieved.
  • a lens aberration in the center of the lens can be reduced or prevented particularly effectively by a process version in which the rotational speed of the polishing wheel about the wheel axis and the axis of rotation in the spiral center of the movement path is reduced at least approximately to zero. Because the center of the working surface no longer offers any removal volume, it is sufficient to drive over this point with a very low polishing speed. Only after the at least almost standstill of the polishing wheel should this be lifted off the surface of the lens. Because the speed (s) of the polishing wheel and thus the removal of material in the center of the spiral is very much reduced, a sudden lifting of the polishing wheel in the middle of the spiral can be dispensed with. Accordingly, the lift effecting actuators can be chosen small and slow. Their costs are therefore low. Nevertheless, the material removal very predictable and adjustable in the center of the spiral. The result is lenses without center defects and with high optical quality.
  • an approach is advantageous in which the rotational speed of the polishing wheel about the wheel axis and the rotational axis is reduced in accordance with a function of the outer radius of the spiral of the movement path in the direction of the spiral center. This results in slow and even changes in material removal per time; thus also a high surface quality.
  • the speed-reducing function can be superimposed by a material removal function, which adapts the speed to the height of the desired material removal.
  • the rotational speed of the polishing wheel around the wheel axis and the axis of rotation in the region of the spiral center and in the direction of the spiral center of the movement path is exponentially (strongly) reduced.
  • a high removal of material due to high rotational speeds of the polishing wheel can still be achieved, and only in the center of the spiral do significant reductions in rotational speeds result to prevent a center fault.
  • the polishing wheel is pressed against the surface of the lens along the movement path with a constant contact force.
  • the material removal depends on a variety of parameters; among other things, the contact pressure of the polishing wheel, the speeds around the wheel and rotation axis, the feed rate along the processing path, the state of the polishing surface and the polishing agent and the material of the lens.
  • the reduction of the variable parameters to partially fixed (i.e., constant) parameters provides simplification in the calculation and ultimately leads to an improved optical property of the lens.
  • the application of force takes place resiliently, and particularly preferably by elastic configuration of a polishing body bearing the base body of the polishing wheel.
  • the suspension is thus as close as possible under the polishing surface and there are only small mass inequities. As a result, a high dimensional accuracy and low roughness can be achieved.
  • the polishing wheel is rotated at a fixed speed ratio about the wheel axis and the axis of rotation. Accordingly, the ratio between the linear polishing movements by rotation about the wheel axis and the rotating polishing movements by rotation about the rotation axis is constant. As a result, the polishing performance over the surface of the footprint is easily predictable and results in a homogeneous polished surface.
  • such a process configuration with speed coupling allows an embodiment of the polishing wheel with low rotational inertia, whereby rapid speed changes, especially in the center of the coil, only (cost) possible.
  • a fixed speed coupling allows simple, cost-effective and vibration-free rotating configurations of the polishing wheel including machine, whereby the dimensional accuracy and the roughness of the machined surface are particularly good.
  • the rotational speeds of the wheel axle and the rotation axis are kinematically coupled with each other.
  • the speed ratio must not be kept constant by consuming control.
  • a single drive unit in particular an (electric) motor, rotate the polishing wheel in both directions of rotation, a second drive unit is accordingly not necessary.
  • a process implementation has proved to be particularly favorable, in which the polishing wheel 2 to 10 times, preferably 3 times to 9 times, and more preferably 4 times to 8 times, is rotated so fast around the wheel axis as about the axis of rotation.
  • a special procedure of the polishing process provides that the polishing wheel is rotated in a balanced manner about the axis of rotation.
  • possible vibrations of the polishing wheel are reduced to a minimum, high dimensional accuracy and low roughness are achieved.
  • high speeds are possible around the axis of rotation.
  • the lens can be rotated during the polishing process, in particular around a workpiece axis. This should be substantially parallel to the axis of rotation when the center of the optical lens is machined.
  • an additional linear displacement of the polishing wheel relative to the lens in a plane perpendicular to the workpiece axis is then sufficient.
  • the polishing wheel is moved linearly or the rotating lens is linearly displaced.
  • the third dimension is to be considered for convex and concave lenses by a delivery between the polishing wheel and the lens.
  • the method may also be supplemented by superimposing the motion path on a rotating motion.
  • the radius of the overlapping rotation should be smaller than the distance between two adjacent paths of the movement path. This results in a further improved optical property of the lens due to reduced directional microroughness.
  • This rotating movement is effected by an orbiting movement of the axis of rotation relative to the lens.
  • the axis of rotation orbit around a central axis or revolve.
  • the lens is orbited about an orbit axis which is parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • the invention also relates to a polishing tool device, in particular for carrying out a polishing method as described above, with a polishing wheel having a wheel axis which is radially surrounded by a polishing surface, wherein the wheel axle mounted on a rotation axis and the wheel axis is aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and with a workpiece holder opposite the polishing wheel for receiving an optical lens, wherein the workpiece holder and the polishing wheel are movably mounted, preferably driven, relative to one another along a helical movement path.
  • the workpiece holder is mounted rotatably about a workpiece axis.
  • the rotation of a rotationally symmetric and in relation to the polishing wheel light lens is very even and quiet, so few oscillations arise.
  • the feed rate along the path of movement can be effected by rapidly changing the rotational speed of the low mass workpiece holder.
  • the workpiece axis should correspond to the optical axis of a recorded optical lens. The workpiece axis is then aligned substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the polishing wheel, in particular when the center of the optical lens is processed.
  • the axis of rotation is preferably aligned as a perpendicular to the surface of the lens.
  • the polishing wheel or the workpiece holder should be mounted linearly displaceable in a plane perpendicular to the second axis of rotation.
  • the rotational speed of the wheel axle is kinematically coupled to the rotational speed of the rotational axis with a fixed speed ratio.
  • the material removal / polishing performance is very easy to calculate, because the ratio between the linear polishing movements by rotation about the wheel axis and the rotating polishing movements by rotation about the axis of rotation is constant. Due to the speed coupling also an embodiment of the polishing wheel with low rotational inertia is possible because it can be dispensed with a rotating with the polishing motor. As a result, rapid speed changes are possible, which contribute in particular in the middle of the spiral to a lens surfaces without center errors.
  • the kinematic coupling should have a speed ratio at which the polishing wheel rotates about 10 times, preferably 3 times to 9 times, and more preferably 4 times to 8 times, as fast around the wheel axis than around the axis of rotation. This achieves particularly good polishing performance in terms of quality and quantity.
  • a single drive unit in particular an (electric) motor, is sufficient for the rotational excitation of the polishing wheel in both directions of rotation.
  • Contributing to this is also an embodiment, which provides that the drive of the polishing wheel to the wheel axis passively by an active drive, preferably with an (electric) motor, the axis of rotation is effected. This only requires an active drive and the associated costs are low.
  • the active drive can be fixed accordingly, i. not be positioned co-rotating.
  • the invention also relates to a polishing tool device, comprising a polishing wheel having a wheel axis, which is radially surrounded by a polishing surface, wherein the wheel axle mounted on a rotation axis and the wheel axis is aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and wherein the rotational speed of the wheel axle kinematically with the rotational speed the axis of rotation is coupled to a fixed speed ratio.
  • the speed coupling in turn allows a simple, cost-effective and vibration-free rotating design of the polishing wheel including machine. At the same time a high dimensional accuracy and low roughness of the machined surface is achieved.
  • polishing wheel with a (standardized) recording a machine can be coupled (eg, a hydraulic expansion / chuck) to cause the rotational excitation.
  • a (standardized) recording a machine can be coupled (eg, a hydraulic expansion / chuck) to cause the rotational excitation.
  • only one drive motor on the machine side and no power supply to the rotating parts are required.
  • the polishing wheel is easy and inexpensive to retrofit and interchangeable, with the machines used remain convertible for machining with other tools.
  • the effect of the spiral path of movement is then implemented on the machine side, ie, by movements of the tool holder, which holds the polishing wheel, and the workpiece holder, which holds the lens.
  • the polishing wheel according to the invention is also suitable for method embodiments in which the movement path meander-shaped, or according to a rectangular function 80095-0096-PEP application no. 14171252.1 - 1702 is designed.
  • a linear alignment of the microroughness is counteracted, as a result of which the optical quality of the lens is also high.
  • the kinematic coupling is encapsulated for protection against contamination.
  • the kinematic coupling between the wheel axle and the axis of rotation is at least partially effected by gears.
  • Gears are wear-resistant, allow a wide range of gear ratios and allow low-vibration power transmission. In addition, they are available in a large selection at low cost as semi-finished or finished products.
  • the kinematic coupling between the wheel axis and the axis of rotation comprises a crown gear or bevel gear. This is in particular the alignments of wheel axle and axis of rotation justice, which requires a change in direction of the axis of rotation, which can be effected with these gears with high efficiency and low wear.
  • a special embodiment of the invention provides that the crown gear or bevel gear connects the wheel axle with a coupling means which is connectable and / or connected to a stationary machine part.
  • a coupling means which is connectable and / or connected to a stationary machine part.
  • the kinematic coupling between the wheel axle and the axis of rotation comprises a belt drive.
  • the advantage of a belt drive is that a longer distance between two pulleys can be bridged, so that a lightweight and compact design is possible. In particular, it makes sense to mount a pulley on the wheel axle in order to obtain a slim tool in the immediate vicinity of the polishing wheel.
  • a design contributes to a slim design in such a way that the axis of rotation end has a one-sided Einarmage (fixed Einarmschwinge) for the wheel axle.
  • the Einarmability can serve as a carrier element for the kinematic coupling, e.g. serve as a bearing block for gears or pulleys.
  • a high torsional rigidity is achieved when the Einarmage for receiving the kinematic drive is at least partially hollow. It is particularly advantageous to use the Einarmage as part of an encapsulation of the kinematic coupling to protect it from contamination.
  • the polishing tool device can be used in a machine, which in particular provides a drive.
  • a coupling agent is particularly suitable a shaft, preferably cylindrical or with more than five edges, or a Morse taper.
  • the polishing tool device is interchangeable and the machine remains convertible with respect to other tools.
  • the costs for the polishing tool device are thereby low.
  • Particular preference is given to using a hydraulic expansion feed. These are standardized, so that the polishing tool device can be installed in a variety of existing machines.
  • a hydraulic expansion chuck has a metal membrane at the clamping point, which is widened by oil and thus strained.
  • the center of gravity of the rotating parts of the polishing wheel is on the axis of rotation.
  • the rotating about the axis of rotation components of the polishing wheel are then balanced.
  • no vibration caused by an imbalance of the polishing wheel and the quality of the surface treatment is high.
  • high speeds can be realized around the axis of rotation.
  • the polishing surface of the polishing wheel should be elastically deformable, so that it can rest with a bearing surface on a lens.
  • a geometric embodiments of the polishing surface are a narrow wheel shape, a barrel shape, a barrel shape or a spherical shape into consideration.
  • the axis of rotation should be located centrally of this regardless of the shape of the polishing surface to prevent imbalance.
  • Fig. 1 shows a polishing tool device 1, which is installable in a machine tool.
  • the polishing tool device 1 has a polishing wheel 2, which also enlarged in a perspective view of Fig. 2 you can see.
  • the polishing wheel 2 has a wheel axis A1 and a polishing surface 3 surrounding the wheel axis A1 radially. Between the wheel axis A1 and the polishing surface 3, an elastic base body 6 is arranged.
  • the wheel axle A1 carries a second gear 31, which is in particular plugged and screwed.
  • the wheel axle A1 Adjacent to the main body 6 of the polishing wheel 2, the wheel axle A1 also carries on both sides in each case a ball bearing 16, 17 (in Fig. 2 not visible). With these ball bearings 16, 17, the wheel axle A1 is mounted on a receptacle 9, namely in a fork of a rotation axis A2.
  • the axis of rotation A2 is aligned perpendicular to the wheel axis A1 and consists of mounting reasons of several Achsabitesen together.
  • a fork 92 of the fork is releasably attached to a bridge 93 of the opposite fork 91.
  • the wheel axle A1 can be inserted into the fork of the receptacle 9.
  • Fig. 1 shows, the two axis portions of the rotation axis A2 are connected to the connector by means of a screw 21 rotationally fixed.
  • the shaft 95 is a spindle and forms a first coupling means 4. With the first coupling means 4, the polishing tool device 1 with a rotary drive 10 is connectable.
  • the fixed on the wheel axle A1 second gear 31 corresponds to a first gear 30, which is a crown gear.
  • the first gear 30 is aligned coaxially with the axis of rotation A2. Consequently, here is a crown gear 5 before.
  • a stationary machine part 11 ie, a non-rotating about the axis of rotation A2 machine part 11
  • that is first gear 30 connected to an outer shaft 18.
  • the axis of rotation A2 via a plurality of ball bearings 12, 13, 14, 15 mounted axially fixed and rotatable.
  • the outer shaft 18 is composed of several sections for mounting.
  • the outer shaft 18 forms a second coupling means 8, with which the polishing tool device 1 can be coupled to a stationary machine part 11.
  • the outer shaft 18 On the side of the polishing wheel 2, the outer shaft 18 has a widened dome 19, which is fixed by means of a fixing screw 7 on the remaining outer shaft 18.
  • the dome 19 carries the front side, the first gear 30.
  • the dome 19 For actuating the screw 21 for fixing the plug portion 94, the dome 19 has a lateral mounting opening 20th
  • the rotational speed of the wheel axle A1 is kinematically coupled to the rotational speed of the rotational axis A2.
  • the speed ratio depends on the diameters of the first and second gear 30,31.
  • the polishing wheel 2 is opposed to a workpiece holder 120, in which an optical lens 100 is received.
  • the workpiece holder 120 is rotatably mounted about a workpiece axis A4, which is aligned coaxially with the optical axis 104 of the optical lens 100.
  • the gears 30, 31 may be designed as bevel gears and / or as friction wheels.
  • Fig. 3 can be seen in a perspective view of another variant of a polishing tool device 1.
  • the polishing wheel side section is shown in detail.
  • a second gear 31 corresponds to a first gear 30 (crown gear), but the second gear 31 is not applied to the wheel axle A1. Rather, the second gear 31 is fixed on a gear axis A3, which runs parallel to the wheel axis A1. The gear axis A3 thereby cuts the axis of rotation A2.
  • the gear axis A3 between the first gear 30 and the wheel axis A1, in particular also the polishing wheel 2, is arranged.
  • the gear axis A3 On the other side of the axis of rotation A2, the gear axis A3 carries a third gear 32.
  • the third gear 32 has a smaller diameter than the second gear 31.
  • the fifth gear is mounted on the wheel axle A1, so that the polishing wheel 2 is driven in rotation when the rotational axis A2 is rotated and the first gear 30 is fixed in rotation by a second coupling means 8.
  • the second coupling means 8 can be as in Fig. 1 have an outer shaft.
  • the polishing wheel 2 is mounted on a one-armed receptacle 9 of the rotation axis A2.
  • a fork 91 of the receptacle 9 is connected via a bridge 93 with the rest of the axis of rotation A2.
  • the bridge 93 is indicated only by dashed lines, so that internal parts are recognizable.
  • Within the bridge 93 namely the gear axis A3 via two ball bearings 16, 17 is mounted.
  • the gear chain comprising the third to fifth gears 32, 33 is supported within the partially hollow fork 91. In this way, a particularly slim front end, so that collisions with a workpiece, in particular an optical lens, are avoided.
  • the number of gears in the gear chain can be adjusted differently from that in the embodiment shown.
  • the gear chain can be replaced by a belt drive.
  • the third and fifth gear are each replaced by a pulley.
  • a drive belt is placed.
  • no additional gears or pulleys are required.
  • a tension roller may be provided to tension the belt. The tension roller is then preferably spring-mounted.
  • Fig. 4 shows an optical lens 100.
  • This has an optical surface 101, a lens periphery 102 and a lens center 103.
  • a spiral processing path P1 is sketched. This corresponds to an Archimedean spiral S.
  • Adjacent to the lens periphery 102, the spiral S of the machining path P1 Adjacent to the lens periphery 102, the spiral S of the machining path P1 has an outer radius S2. From the latter, the processing path P1 in the form of a spiral S leads to the center of the spiral S1, which lies close to the lens center 103.
  • Polishing tool device 100 optical lens 2 polishing wheel 101 optical surface 3 polishing surface 102 lens periphery 4 first coupling agent 103 lens center 5 crown-gear 104 optical axis 6 body 7 first fixing screw 120 Workpiece holder 8th second coupling agent 9 (One-arm, two-arm) recording A1 wheel axle 10 rotary drive A2 axis of rotation 11 non-rotating machine part A3 gear axis 12 first ball bearing A4 Workpiece axis 13 second ball bearing 14 third ball bearing P1 Machining path (spiral) 15 fourth ball bearing 16 fifth ball bearing S spiral 17 sixth ball bearing S1 spiral center 18 outer shaft S2 outer radius 19 dome 20 mounting hole 21 second fixing screw 30 first gear 31 second gear 32 third gear 33 fourth gear 91 first fork tine 92 second fork 93 bridge 94 plug-in section 95 shaft

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de polissage servant à usiner une surface (101) optique d'une lentille (100) optique avec une roue de polissage (2), qui présente un axe de roue (A1), qui est entouré de manière radiale par une surface de polissage (3), comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant à :
    - placer la surface de polissage (3) de la roue de polissage (2) sur la surface (101) de la lentille (100),
    - déplacer la roue de polissage (2) par rapport à la lentille (100) sur toute sa surface (101) le long d'un chemin d'usinage (P1),
    - faire tourner la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de roue (A1),
    - faire tourner la roue de polissage (2) autour d'un axe de rotation (A2) qui est orienté de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à l'axe de roue (A1),
    caractérisé par l'étape consistant à :
    - faire tourner la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de roue (A1) et de l'axe de rotation (A2) selon un rapport de vitesse de rotation fixe,
    - déplacer la roue de polissage (2) le long d'un chemin de déplacement (P1) en forme de spirale,
    - réduire une vitesse de rotation de la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de roue (A1) dans le centre de spirale (S1) du chemin de déplacement (P1) par rapport à une vitesse de rotation de la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de roue (A1) au niveau du rayon extérieur (S2) de la spirale (S) du chemin de déplacement (P1) et
    - réduire une vitesse de rotation de la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de rotation (A2) dans le centre de spirale (S1) du chemin de déplacement (P1) par rapport à une vitesse de rotation de la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de rotation (A2) au niveau du rayon extérieur (S2) de la spirale (S) du chemin de déplacement (P1).
  2. Procédé de polissage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de rotation de la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de roue (A1) et de l'axe de rotation (A2) dans le centre de spirale (S1) du chemin de déplacement (P1) est réduite au moins approximativement à zéro.
  3. Procédé de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la roue de polissage (2) dans le centre de spirale (S1) de la spirale (S) est relevée de la surface (101) de la lentille (100).
  4. Procédé de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la roue de polissage (2) est poussée contre la surface (101) de la lentille (100) le long du chemin de déplacement (P1) avec une force de compression constante.
  5. Procédé de polissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement de la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de roue (A1) est provoqué de manière passive par un entraînement actif de l'axe de rotation (A2).
  6. Dispositif à outil de polissage (1) comprenant une roue de polissage (2), qui présente un axe de roue (A1), qui est entouré de manière radiale d'une surface de polissage (3), l'axe de roue (A1) étant monté au niveau d'un axe de rotation (A2) et l'axe de roue (A1) étant orienté de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à l'axe de rotation (A2), caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de rotation de l'axe de roue (A1) est couplée de manière cinématique à la vitesse de rotation de l'axe de roue (A2) avec un rapport de vitesse de rotation fixe.
  7. Dispositif à outil de polissage (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le couplage cinématique entre l'axe de roue (A1) et l'axe de rotation (A2) est provoqué au moins en partie par l'intermédiaire de roues dentées (30, 31, 32, 33).
  8. Dispositif à outil de polissage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le couplage cinématique entre l'axe de roue (A1) et l'axe de rotation (A2) comprend un engrenage à couronne dentée (5) ou un engrenage conique.
  9. Dispositif à outil de polissage (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'engrenage à roue dentée (5) ou l'engrenage conique relie l'axe de roue (A1) à un moyen de couplage (8), qui peut être relié et/ou est relié à une partie de machine (11) immobile.
  10. Dispositif à outil de polissage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le couplage cinématique entre l'axe de roue (A1) et l'axe de rotation (A2) comprend un mécanisme à courroie.
  11. Dispositif à outil de polissage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une unité d'entraînement unique est prévue aux fins de l'excitation en rotation de la roue de polissage (2) dans deux directions de rotation autour de l'axe de roue (A1) et autour de l'axe de rotation (A2), l'entraînement de la roue de polissage (2) autour de l'axe de roue (A1) étant provoqué de manière passive par un entraînement actif de l'axe de rotation (A2).
EP14171252.1A 2013-08-13 2014-06-05 Procédé de polissage destiné au traitement d'une surface optique d'une lentille optique et outils de polissage appropriés Active EP2837464B1 (fr)

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DE102013108766.3A DE102013108766B4 (de) 2013-08-13 2013-08-13 Polierverfahren zur Bearbeitung einer optischen Oberfläche einer optischen Linse und hierfür geeignete Polierwerkzeuge

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CN113059487A (zh) * 2021-04-26 2021-07-02 湖南大敏尚东精密机械有限公司 一种多功能磁流变抛光轮快速切换装置及工作方法
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DE102013108766B4 (de) 2023-11-16
DE102013108766A1 (de) 2015-02-19
EP2837464A1 (fr) 2015-02-18
US20150050864A1 (en) 2015-02-19
US9421660B2 (en) 2016-08-23
CA2858341A1 (fr) 2015-02-13

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