EP2188402A1 - Acier inoxydable martensitique, procédé de fabrication de pièces réalisées en cet acier et pièces ainsi réalisées. - Google Patents
Acier inoxydable martensitique, procédé de fabrication de pièces réalisées en cet acier et pièces ainsi réalisées.Info
- Publication number
- EP2188402A1 EP2188402A1 EP08830336A EP08830336A EP2188402A1 EP 2188402 A1 EP2188402 A1 EP 2188402A1 EP 08830336 A EP08830336 A EP 08830336A EP 08830336 A EP08830336 A EP 08830336A EP 2188402 A1 EP2188402 A1 EP 2188402A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- traces
- steel
- temperature
- hardness
- steel according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 25
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- -1 more specifically Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002747 voluntary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150110971 CIN7 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100243951 Caenorhabditis elegans pie-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150110298 INV1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100397044 Xenopus laevis invs-a gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012758 reinforcing additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004514 thermodynamic simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/22—Martempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to iron and steel, more specifically, martensitic stainless steels, intended for example for the manufacture of molds for the production of plastics by injection.
- the industry uses stainless steels of the AISI 420 family with a chromium content of 12 to 15% (in percentages by weight, like all the contents indicated in the rest of the text). , a silicon content of less than 1%, a manganese content of less than 1%, a carbon content of from 0.16 to 0.45%, and a nitrogen content which is that naturally resulting from the preparation and generally up to 0.03%.
- the vanadium content does not exceed 0.1% and results from the simple melting of the raw materials.
- the molybdenum content results from the melting of the raw materials and does not exceed 0.2%, unless 0.2 to 1.0% is added to improve the corrosion resistance. .
- the X40Cr14 nomenclature steel capable of exceeding a hardness of 50 HRC by virtue of its carbon content of 0.36-0.45%, offers an appreciable abrasion resistance.
- the performance of the material must be evaluated by obtaining a good compromise between the following properties:
- the desired wear resistance in order to be able to produce the maximum number of parts with a guaranteed geometrical regularity, including with plastics materials made abrasive by integrating fibers or other reinforcing additives; this resistance to wear is conferred by a high hardness;
- the object of the invention is the definition of an economic composition of steel for mold applications for the manufacture of plastic articles having compared with the references AISI 420 and X40Cr14, the following properties:
- the subject of the invention is a martensitic stainless steel, characterized in that it comprises, in weight percentages:
- traces Preferably ⁇ 0 ⁇ 0.0015% traces.
- traces ⁇ S Preferably ⁇ 0.003%.
- the invention also relates to a process for manufacturing a martensitic stainless steel part, characterized in that:
- a machining of said steel is carried out to give it the shape of said part; austenization of said machined steel is carried out at a temperature of 990-1040O, preferably 1000-1030O;
- quenching of the austenized steel is carried out at a rate of between 10 and 40OzmJn in the temperature range 800 to 400O; - Two incomes of hardened steel are realized to give it its final hardness.
- Said incomes can each be carried out at a temperature of 200 to 400 ° C., preferably 300 to 380 ° C., for a minimum of 2 hours, while maintaining the nominal temperature at least 1 hour at the core, so that obtain a hardness of 49 to 55 HRC.
- Said incomes can each be made at a temperature of 530 to 540 ° C for a minimum of 2 hours while maintaining a core temperature of the nominal temperature of at least 1 hour, so as to obtain a hardness between 42 and 50 HRC.
- the invention also relates to a piece of stainless steel magnetitic, characterized in that the element manufactured by the process is manufactured according to the preceding method.
- the invention is based on a steel composition whose carbon and chromium contents are simultaneously at the bottom of the ranges usually required, and sometimes even below for the chromium content, with the imposition of conditions. other elements present or to be limited or avoided. A manufacturing method is associated with this composition.
- the approach of the inventors has focused on the real consideration of the properties of the steel resulting from the manufacture, and in particular of the industrial treatment as described above, and not according to laboratory conditions.
- the research was carried out with the aim of optimizing the action of the alloying elements to limit the quantity introduced.
- polishability and surface quality of the polished state of steel are degraded by:
- the toughness mediocre for this family of steels, is, for a given hardness, the lower the chromium content is high. It could be improved by balancing the composition, especially with additions of nickel and manganese to maintain a residue of austenite quenching. This solution, which also has no effect if the incomes are made above 500 ° C, proves unstable and handicaps the hardness. as much as it was not compatible with the desired lowering of the content of alloying elements.
- FIG. 1 shows micrographs of samples of a reference steel and of two steels according to the invention, showing the density and the distribution of the micrometric carbides in the state of use of these steels;
- FIG. 2 which shows the influence of the temperature of the two incomes on the corrosion resistance of a steel according to the invention
- FIG. 3 which shows the influence of the temperature of the incomes on the resistance to corrosion
- Table 1 groups the compositions of the samples studied.
- the "Reference" sample corresponds to a standard X40Cr14 type steel.
- the samples Exp.1 to Exp.7 are not in accordance with the invention but make it possible to identify the disadvantages of not complying with all the conditions required by the invention.
- Samples lnv.1 and lnv.2 are in accordance with the invention.
- the object of the invention is therefore to design an optimized steel intended to be treated according to the range of industrial quenching speeds, preferably with a subsequent double low temperature ( ⁇ 400 ° C.) for a hardness of 52 HRC with tenacity and a corrosion resistance equal to or better than that of the reference steel AISI 420 or X40Cr14 in its usual implementation.
- the invention has the objective of minimizing the addition of alloying elements, in particular metal elements, in order to reduce the cost of production, to prevent the presence of residual austenite after quenching, and to reduce the amplitude. interdendritic segregation is detrimental to the tenacity and quality of polish.
- the nitrogen content should be between 0.05% and 0.15% and preferably between 0.08% and 0.12%. This element is therefore systematically present at a high content, because it is essential to form carbonitrides of type V (C 1 N) able to prevent grain growth after austenization once the dissolved chromium carbides. An excessive content would, however, be detrimental by exceeding the solubility limit in the solid state and would be a source of metallurgical defects. Nitrogen combines with carbon to impart hardness and contributes to corrosion resistance. The nitrogen content can be adjusted by blowing nitrogen gas during the preparation of the liquid steel.
- Carbon mainly contributes to imparting the required hardness, associated with nitrogen. Given the hardness sought after low temperature income, the percentage must be between 0.22% and 0.32%. Moreover the sum C + N must be between 0.33% and 0.43% to allow, after income, to obtain the target hardness.
- Chrome gives steel its resistance to corrosion. Given the industrial quenching speeds practiced, and the income range chosen, and according to the mechanisms mentioned above, its content must be between 10 and 12.4% and preferably between 11, 0 and 12.4% .
- the vanadium must be present at a content of between 0.10% and 0.40% and preferably between 0.15% and 0.35%. Its presence is essential to form with carbon and nitrogen a sufficient density of micro- and nanoprepites able to prevent the growth of the grain. Too high a content would be detrimental by the excessive fixation of the carbon which would be lacking for the hardening, and by the formation, during solidification, of isolated carbides or clumps unfavorable to the tenacity and the quality of the polish.
- Molybdenum completes the action of chromium for corrosion resistance; it is present, by recycling or by voluntary addition, at percentages between 0.10 and 1.0%. A higher content would be detrimental by increasing the amplitude of interdendritic segregation, and by the risk of forming delta ferrite.
- Nickel may be present at levels below 1.0%, particularly because of the input by the raw materials. No favorable action of an addition within this limit for toughness was noted. On the other hand, a higher content would be likely to maintain residual austenite in the treated state.
- Silicon is naturally present for the elaboration and deoxidation of steel. Its content must be limited to 1.0% and preferably 0.5%, because it acts on the solidification process and the delta-gamma transformation and can therefore cause the presence of delta ferrite or local segregations consecutive to the presence of this phase at the end of solidification before filling.
- Tungsten may be present at levels below 1.0% without having a favorable or detrimental effect on the product. However, by its individual action or by synergy with molybdenum, it can promote the presence of delta ferrite in the state of use, or local precipitation or segregation originating from the presence of delta ferrite at any stage of the production. thermomechanical termination. It will be preferred to meet the condition 0.10% ⁇ Mo + W / 2 ⁇ 1, 20%.
- Cobalt and copper have no identified beneficial effect but may be present at levels less than or equal to 1.0%; higher grades may favor the presence of residual austenite.
- the total contents of Mn, Cu and Co is ⁇ 1, 8%, so as to limit the risk of presence of residual austenite.
- Titanium and niobium are very reactive elements that form very hard precipitates harmful to the quality of polishing. Their content must be kept as low as possible: at most 0.010%, preferably at most 0.003% for Ti, and at most 0.050%, preferably at most 0.010% for Nb.
- the added aluminum for the deoxidation of the steel can remain present in inclusions of oxides very harmful for the polishing.
- the level of addition must be adapted to the processing methods used. A maximum level of 0.050% is tolerable, provided that it does not lead to the presence of inclusions of alumina or silico-aluminates in large quantities which would lead to an exceedance of the acceptable O content (0.0040% better, 0.0015%).
- the sulfur is preferentially limited to a content of less than 0.003% to prevent the formation of sulphide inclusions.
- it may be chosen to make a voluntary addition in the range 0.003 to 0.020% preferably associated with another element (SE up to 0.010%, Ca up to 0.020%, La up to 0.040%). %, Ce up to 0.040%) promoting the formation of globular sulphides to improve machinability, to the detriment to a certain extent of the quality of the polish.
- Boron may be added to improve quenchability at a level not exceeding 0.0050%.
- the products must be manufactured in accordance with the state of the art for high-quality special steels for plastics molding applications, with the aim of limiting the inclusion content and the segregation of materials. obtaining a quality polish.
- the preparation must include, after melting, a phase of deoxidation and elimination of inclusions in a metallurgical reactor.
- a phase of deoxidation and elimination of inclusions in a metallurgical reactor.
- it will be practiced remelting by consumable electrode slag to improve the inclusion cleanliness and distribute the alloy elements, and above all the nitrogen, homogeneously throughout the mass.
- thermomechanical transformation by forging or rolling completed by annealing must follow to complete the homogeneity and compactness of the microstructure.
- the products After machining the workpiece to the final shape and before putting into operation, the products must, according to the preferred procedure, undergo a heat treatment comprising austenization at about 1020 ° C (990 to 1040 ° C, preferably 1000 ° C). 1030 ° C), a controlled quenching, for example under a pressure of neutral gas, at a speed of between 10 and 40OZmJn adapted to the size of the workpiece, then two incomes at a temperature of 200 to 400 ° C, preferably between 300 and 380 ° C to obtain a hardness close to 52 HRC _ + 2 HRC, and generally between 49 and 55 HRC.
- the steel defined by the invention can be treated with double-feed from 530 "C to 560" C for hardnesses less than or equal to 50 HRC and greater than or equal to at 42 HRC, conditions in which corrosion resistance is sufficient.
- the existing chromium carbides (M 23 C 6 ) in the delivery state are redissolved during the austenization that precedes quenching, and the holding temperature is limited to 1020/1030 "
- this solution temperature a significant amount of heterogeneously distributed carbides remain, with a substitution of about 0.10 to 0.15% of the content of the carbons. carbon by nitrogen, a reduction of about 2% of the chromium content and a simultaneous introduction of vanadium, it is observed at the adequate quenching temperature that the grain, fixed by nanometric precipitates of vanadium carbons; V (C 1 N) does not increase while most of the chromium carbides have dissolved.
- the effective density of the micrometric carbides observed on industrial products and illustrated in FIG. 1 effectively decreases significantly between the reference composition and the compositions of the invention, which constitutes a favorable factor for the quality of the polished state.
- the corrosion resistance capacity is, theoretically according to the basic knowledge, primarily related to the chromium content available in the matrix; thermodynamic calculations show that carbons undissolved in austenization set about 0.9% chromium. This amount of chromium unavailable for corrosion resistance becomes less than 0.1% for vanadium and nitrogen alloyed experimental grades. According to the following formula:
- the electrochemical method performed according to the ASTM G 108 standard consists, in a 1% by weight aqueous H 2 SO 4 solution, of polarizing the sample for 15 minutes at a potential of -550mV / ECS and then carrying out a forward scan. and back to 60mV / min from -55OmV to + 50OmV.
- the intensity-potential curves at the return can have two peaks, one (Pic1) due to the dissolution of the matrix, the second (Pic 2), at a higher potential, connected to the dissolution at the right of carbide precipitates of chromium.
- Figure 2 shows for the INV1 casting the steel sensitizes strongly vis-à-vis corrosion for revenue generated in the curing zone to 500 0 C. If the corrosion resistance is a characteristic preferable for imperative the applications envisaged, we will therefore favor low-temperature incomes (200-380 0 C).
- compositions of the invention make it possible to obtain the hardness of 52 HRC or more after quenching under industrial conditions and double-tempered at 380 ° C., despite the softening experienced in this field for this steel family from crude. quenching, as shown in Figure 5.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0757451A FR2920784B1 (fr) | 2007-09-10 | 2007-09-10 | Acier inoxydable martensitique, procede de fabrication de pieces realisees en cet acier et pieces ainsi realisees |
| PCT/FR2008/051525 WO2009034282A1 (fr) | 2007-09-10 | 2008-08-25 | Acier inoxydable martensitique, procédé de fabrication de pièces réalisées en cet acier et pièces ainsi réalisées. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2188402A1 true EP2188402A1 (fr) | 2010-05-26 |
| EP2188402B1 EP2188402B1 (fr) | 2012-05-23 |
Family
ID=39272694
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08830336A Revoked EP2188402B1 (fr) | 2007-09-10 | 2008-08-25 | Acier inoxydable martensitique, procédé de fabrication de pièces réalisées en cet acier et pièces ainsi réalisées. |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100276038A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2188402B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2010539325A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20100059965A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101861407A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2698889A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2920784B1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2010114173A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2009034282A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110081839A1 (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-07 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for polishing a curved edge |
| FR2964668B1 (fr) * | 2010-09-14 | 2012-10-12 | Snecma | Optimisation de l'usinabilite d'aciers martensitiques inoxydables |
| CN102453842A (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-05-16 | 张佳秋 | 一种特种合金钢及制备高铁道岔整体滑床台板的方法 |
| CN101985724A (zh) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-03-16 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种用于外科植入物的含稀土奥氏体不锈钢 |
| KR101286205B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-07-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | 마르텐사이트계 스테인리스 박판 주조용 쌍롤식 박판 주조기 및 쌍롤식 박판 주조기에 의해 마르텐사이트계 스테인리스 박판을 주조하는 방법 |
| KR101243259B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-03-13 | 주식회사 포스코 | 마르텐사이트계 스테인리스 열연박판 및 그 제조 방법 |
| CN103388105A (zh) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-13 | 白松浩 | 一种高抗磨特种金属材料及其制造方法 |
| DE102012013020B3 (de) | 2012-06-29 | 2013-05-02 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Substrats mit einem Spritzwerkstoff und damit erzeugbare Funktionsschicht |
| JP6359241B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-26 | 2018-07-18 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | 鏡面性に優れた耐食性プラスチック成形金型用鋼 |
| JP5608280B1 (ja) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-10-15 | 大同工業株式会社 | チェーン用軸受部、その製造方法、及びそれを用いたチェーン |
| AT515157B1 (de) * | 2013-11-21 | 2016-12-15 | Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststoffformen aus martensitischem Chromstahl und Kunststoffform |
| CA2936549C (fr) | 2014-01-16 | 2022-02-08 | Uddeholms Ab | Acier inoxydable et corps d'outil de coupe constitue de cet acier inoxydable |
| JP5705345B1 (ja) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-04-22 | 日本高周波鋼業株式会社 | 高鏡面プラスチック金型用鋼 |
| CN104087854A (zh) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-10-08 | 江苏金石铸锻有限公司 | 马氏体不锈钢钢材 |
| CN104480270A (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-01 | 淄博泉河工贸有限公司 | 一种高锰钢及部分合金钢余热热处理方法 |
| TWI701477B (zh) * | 2015-10-22 | 2020-08-11 | 日商迪愛生股份有限公司 | Ffs型液晶顯示元件及ffs型液晶顯示器 |
| US10508327B2 (en) | 2016-03-11 | 2019-12-17 | Daido Steel Co., Ltd. | Mold steel and mold |
| JP6866692B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-11 | 2021-04-28 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | 金型用鋼及び金型 |
| CN109415776B (zh) * | 2016-04-22 | 2020-09-08 | 安普朗公司 | 一种用于由片材制造马氏体不锈钢部件的工艺 |
| WO2019002924A1 (fr) | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-03 | Aperam | Procédé de soudage par points de tôles d'acier inoxydable martensitique |
| CN108467999B (zh) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-29 | 天长市协正塑业有限公司 | 一种高韧性塑料模具钢及其生产方法 |
| CN110541124B (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-05-25 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | 含氮塑料模具扁钢锭及其工艺方法 |
| CN110656293A (zh) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-07 | 育材堂(苏州)材料科技有限公司 | 含Mo高硬度不锈钢、热处理工艺及成形构件 |
| CN111440995B (zh) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-02-05 | 江苏丰尚智能科技有限公司 | 一种小孔径环模的制造方法 |
| CN112501396B (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-03-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种第三代轴承钢的等温淬火热处理工艺方法 |
| GB2637445A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2025-07-23 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc | High strength stainless steel material |
| CN114196875B (zh) * | 2021-09-25 | 2022-10-28 | 浙江吉森金属科技有限公司 | 一种阀片用不锈钢及其热处理方法 |
| CN114231717B (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-02-02 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种马氏体不锈钢锻件锻造方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54115617A (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1979-09-08 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Corrosion and abrasion resistant alloy steel |
| DE3482772D1 (de) * | 1984-10-11 | 1990-08-23 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Rostfreie martensitische staehle fuer nahtlose rohre. |
| JP2968844B2 (ja) * | 1995-01-13 | 1999-11-02 | 日立金属株式会社 | 耐孔食性の優れた高硬度マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼 |
| JPH1018001A (ja) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-20 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 耐孔食性の優れた高硬度マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼 |
| JP3587330B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-03 | 2004-11-10 | 日立金属株式会社 | 耐孔食性の優れた高硬度マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼 |
| DE60231279D1 (de) * | 2001-08-29 | 2009-04-09 | Jfe Steel Corp | Verfahren zum Herstellen von nahtlosen Rohren aus hochfester, hochzäher, martensitischer Rostfreistahl |
| FR2872825B1 (fr) * | 2004-07-12 | 2007-04-27 | Industeel Creusot | Acier inoxydable martensitique pour moules et carcasses de moules d'injection |
| US7520942B2 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2009-04-21 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Nano-scale nitride-particle-strengthened high-temperature wrought ferritic and martensitic steels |
| FR2893954B1 (fr) * | 2005-11-29 | 2008-02-29 | Aubert & Duval Soc Par Actions | Acier pour outillage a chaud, et piece realisee en cet acier et son procede de fabrication |
| JP4952888B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-07 | 2012-06-13 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | マルテンサイト鋼 |
-
2007
- 2007-09-10 FR FR0757451A patent/FR2920784B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-08-25 RU RU2010114173/02A patent/RU2010114173A/ru unknown
- 2008-08-25 KR KR1020107007729A patent/KR20100059965A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-08-25 CN CN200880106281A patent/CN101861407A/zh active Pending
- 2008-08-25 US US12/677,464 patent/US20100276038A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-25 WO PCT/FR2008/051525 patent/WO2009034282A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2008-08-25 JP JP2010523562A patent/JP2010539325A/ja active Pending
- 2008-08-25 EP EP08830336A patent/EP2188402B1/fr not_active Revoked
- 2008-08-25 CA CA2698889A patent/CA2698889A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009034282A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2010539325A (ja) | 2010-12-16 |
| US20100276038A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
| CA2698889A1 (fr) | 2009-03-19 |
| EP2188402B1 (fr) | 2012-05-23 |
| FR2920784B1 (fr) | 2010-12-10 |
| KR20100059965A (ko) | 2010-06-04 |
| CN101861407A (zh) | 2010-10-13 |
| WO2009034282A1 (fr) | 2009-03-19 |
| RU2010114173A (ru) | 2011-10-20 |
| FR2920784A1 (fr) | 2009-03-13 |
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