EP2186546B1 - Inertgasfeuerlöschanlage zur Minderung des Risikos und zum Löschen von Bränden in einem Schutzraum - Google Patents

Inertgasfeuerlöschanlage zur Minderung des Risikos und zum Löschen von Bränden in einem Schutzraum Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2186546B1
EP2186546B1 EP08166037A EP08166037A EP2186546B1 EP 2186546 B1 EP2186546 B1 EP 2186546B1 EP 08166037 A EP08166037 A EP 08166037A EP 08166037 A EP08166037 A EP 08166037A EP 2186546 B1 EP2186546 B1 EP 2186546B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
reducing
oxygen content
oxygen
inert gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08166037A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2186546A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Claessen
Ernst-Werner Wagner
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Amrona AG
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Amrona AG
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Priority to EP08166037A priority Critical patent/EP2186546B1/de
Application filed by Amrona AG filed Critical Amrona AG
Priority to DE502008001275T priority patent/DE502008001275D1/de
Priority to PL08166037T priority patent/PL2186546T3/pl
Priority to DK08166037.5T priority patent/DK2186546T3/da
Priority to AT08166037T priority patent/ATE479476T1/de
Priority to ES08166037T priority patent/ES2351888T3/es
Priority to RU2011113003/12A priority patent/RU2506105C2/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2009/063019 priority patent/WO2010040771A1/de
Priority to CA2737679A priority patent/CA2737679C/en
Priority to BRPI0920437A priority patent/BRPI0920437A2/pt
Priority to CN2009801396111A priority patent/CN102170942A/zh
Priority to AU2009301140A priority patent/AU2009301140B2/en
Priority to US12/998,300 priority patent/US9079054B2/en
Publication of EP2186546A1 publication Critical patent/EP2186546A1/de
Priority to HK10106852.2A priority patent/HK1140443A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2186546B1 publication Critical patent/EP2186546B1/de
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/11—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone
    • A62C35/15—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone with a system for topping-up the supply of extinguishing material automatically
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A62C99/0027—Carbon dioxide extinguishers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inert gas fire extinguishing system for reducing the risk and extinguishing fires in a shelter, wherein the Inertgasfashionlöschstrom has at least one high-pressure gas storage, in which an oxygen-displacing gas is stored under high pressure, the high-pressure gas storage is connected via a quick opening valve with a manifold, and wherein an extinguishing line is further provided, which is connected on the one hand via a pressure reducing device to the manifold and on the other hand with extinguishing nozzles.
  • the basic principle of the inert gas fire extinguishing technology is based on the recognition that in closed rooms, which are only occasionally entered by humans or animals and whose facilities react sensitively to the influence of water, the risk of fire thereby it can be counteracted that the oxygen concentration in the affected area is lowered to a value of, for example, about 12% by volume on average. With such a (reduced) oxygen concentration, most flammable materials can no longer ignite. Accordingly, the main area of application of inert gas extinguishing technology is also computerized areas, electrical sheep and distribution rooms, enclosed facilities as well as storage areas with high-quality assets. The extinguishing effect resulting from this process is based on the principle of oxygen displacement.
  • Normal ambient air is known to be 21% by volume of oxygen, 78% by volume of nitrogen and 1% by volume of other gases.
  • an oxygen displacing gas such as nitrogen
  • the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space is reduced. It is known that an extinguishing effect already starts when the oxygen content drops below about 15% by volume.
  • further lowering of the oxygen content may be required to the 12 vol% already mentioned as an example.
  • base inertization level a reduced oxygen level compared to the oxygen level of normal ambient air, however, this reduced level of oxygen does not present any hazard to persons or animals, thus still providing the shelter with ease (ie, without special protective measures such as oxygen masks ).
  • the basic inerting level corresponds, for example, to an oxygen content in the protected space of 15% by volume, 16% by volume or 17% by volume.
  • full inertization level is to be understood as meaning a further reduced oxygen content in comparison to the oxygen content of the basic inertization level, in which the flammability of most materials has already been reduced to such an extent that they can no longer be ignited.
  • the full inertization level is typically about 11% to 12% oxygen concentration by volume.
  • an "inert gas extinguishing technology” in which by flooding a fire-prone or in fire room by oxygen-displacing gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, noble gases or mixtures From this, the oxygen content in the shelter is first lowered to a certain lowering level (basic inerting level) of, for example, 16% by volume, in the event of a fire or if necessary a further lowering of the oxygen content to a certain full inerting level of, for example, 12% by volume or under it is made.
  • a certain lowering level basic inerting level
  • an inert gas generator such as a nitrogen generator is used as the inert gas source
  • the number of high-pressure gas storage tanks required for full inertization in which the oxygen displacing gas or gas can be achieved Gas mixture (hereinafter also simply called “inert gas”) is stored in compressed form, can be kept as small as possible.
  • inting curve means the time course of the oxygen content during the introduction of oxygen-displacing gas (inert gas) into the room atmosphere of the protective space.
  • Multi-range fire extinguishing system suitable because the inerting is not adaptable to the individual shelters.
  • an inert gas quantity introduced at maximum per unit of time for inerting should be adapted to the corresponding shelter.
  • the available pressure relief and the compressive strength of the space envelope determine the maximum permissible amount of inert gas introduced into the protected area per unit of time. This maximum allowable amount of inert gas introduced into the shelter per unit of time ultimately sets the event sequence in the inertization of the shelter, i. the inertisation curve to be used for the room.
  • the invention has for its object, an inert gas fire extinguishing system, as for example, from the publication.
  • DE 198 11 851 A1 It is known to further develop to the effect that the inerting of a shelter, ie the setting of a lowering level in the room atmosphere of the shelter, according to different event sequences can be done.
  • an inert gas fire extinguishing system of the aforementioned type is proposed according to the invention, in which the pressure reducing device has at least two parallel branches, each with a pressure reducing device, each parallel branch is connectable via a controllable valve to the manifold and the extinguishing line, and wherein each pressure reducing device is designed, to reduce a high input pressure to a low output pressure according to a known pressure reduction characteristic.
  • the terms "inlet pressure” and “outlet pressure” respectively mean the hydrostatic pressure of the medium (the oxygen displacing gas) applied to the inlet side and outlet side of the corresponding pressure reducing device.
  • the pressure reduction device via which the extinguisher with extinguishing nozzles connected to the high-pressure manifold (manifold) is connected, several if necessary via the control of appropriate valves switchable parallel branches, in each of which a pressure reduction device is arranged with known pressure reduction characteristic can be on simple Way to be adapted by the appropriate control of the parallel branches associated valves with the pressure reduction device to be made pressure reduction to the respective application.
  • a pressure reduction device to be provided in a first of the at least two parallel branches, the pressure reduction characteristic of which has a significantly higher gradient than the pressure reduction characteristic of a pressure reduction device provided in a second parallel branch.
  • the pressure reducing device of the first of the at least two parallel branches in this pressure reducing example, it is possible to increase the amount of oxygen displacing gas supplied from the inert gas fire extinguishing system per unit time compared to a case where the pressure reducing device of the second parallel branch is used to reduce the pressure becomes.
  • the event sequence can be varied as needed and, for example, adapted to the pressure relief provided for the protected area to be flooded.
  • pressure reduction characteristic means the dependence of the output pressure of a pressure reducing device on the input pressure. It is therefore an input pressure-output pressure characteristic.
  • the pressure reduction characteristic of a pressure reduction device is particularly important with regard to the temporal evolution of the oxygen content in the shelter during the inertization, wherein this temporal evolution of the oxygen content is also referred to herein as "inerting".
  • a Mehrbreichs inert gas fire extinguishing system can be provided with the solution according to the invention, wherein the amount of oxygen-displacing gas supplied by the inert gas fire extinguishing system to a protective space per unit time is adaptable to, for example, the pressure relief available for the corresponding space.
  • the solution according to the invention also makes it possible that, in the case of a multistage inerting method, the respective subsidence levels, such as, for example, the basic or the full inertization level, are respectively set correspondingly to different inertization curves.
  • the inert-gas fire-extinguishing system accordingly also has a control device for automatically carrying out a multi-stage inerting process, in which the oxygen content in the protective space is first lowered to a first lowering level (such as a basic inerting level) and if required, for example in case of fire, is then further lowered to one or step by step to a plurality of predetermined lowering levels.
  • a first lowering level such as a basic inerting level
  • the control device is designed to control the valves of the pressure reduction device such that - to set the corresponding Absenkungshiels - the oxygen content in the shelter is reduced in accordance with a predetermined inerting.
  • control device is designed, on the one hand, to actuate the valves of the pressure reduction device in such a way that only one first parallel branch of the at least two parallel branches is connected to the high-pressure manifold (collecting manifold) for reducing the oxygen content to a first lowering level.
  • control device is, on the other hand, designed to control the valves of the pressure reduction device such that only a second parallel branch of the at least two parallel branches is connected to the high-pressure manifold and the extinguishing line, in order to lower the oxygen content further to a second setback level, wherein the pressure reduction characteristic the pressure reducing means arranged in the first parallel branch is different from the pressure reducing characteristic of the pressure reducing means arranged in the second parallel branch.
  • inert gas fire extinguishing system in which the first reduction level, for example, the Grundinertmaschinesclude and the second reduction level, for example, the Vollinertmaschinesclude, in this preferred implementation of inert gas fire extinguishing system according to the invention can ensure that, for example, in case of fire, the reduction of the oxygen content of the Grundinertmaschinesforementioned to the Vollinertmaschinesclude possible done quickly.
  • the pressure reduction devices used for the inertization should be designed with regard to their pressure reduction characteristics such that the maximum permissible amount of oxygen-displacing gas supplied per unit time is not exceeded in order to meet in particular the requirements of effective pressure relief during flooding Protective space care and counteract possible damage to the space envelope.
  • control region is designed to control the valves of the pressure reduction device in such a way that only a first parallel branch of the at least two parallel branches of the pressure reduction device is provided for lowering the oxygen content to the first lowering level is connected to the high pressure manifold and the low pressure extinguishing line, wherein the Control device is further configured, for further lowering the oxygen content to a second lowering level, such as the Vollinertmaschinescited to control the valves of the pressure reducing device such that the first parallel branch and a second parallel branch of the at least two parallel branches are connected to the manifold and the extinguishing line.
  • a second lowering level such as the Vollinertmaschines designed to control the valves of the pressure reducing device such that the first parallel branch and a second parallel branch of the at least two parallel branches are connected to the manifold and the extinguishing line.
  • the solution according to the invention is not limited to a pressure reducing device which has only two parallel branches.
  • the pressure reduction device should have a correspondingly higher number of parallel branches.
  • the inert gas fire extinguishing system initially lowers the oxygen content in the shelter to a base inerting level, and in the event of a fire (or at bedtime) in the shelter, the oxygen content is further lowered from the base inerting level to a lower level of subsidence and for a predetermined level Time is kept continuously at this subsidence level, wherein the oxygen content is then lowered from this subsidence level further to a Vollinertmaschinespar if a fire after a predetermined time has not extinguished.
  • the pressure reduction device of Inertgas fire extinguishing system comprises at least three parallel branches, each with a pressure reducing device, each parallel branch via a controllable valve to the manifold and the extinguishing line is connected, and wherein each pressure reducing device is designed according to a known pressure reduction characteristic to reduce a high inlet pressure to a low outlet pressure.
  • control device is designed to control the valves of the pressure reduction device such that only a third parallel branch of the at least three is to lower the oxygen content from the second lowering level to a third lowering level (such as the Vollinertmaschinesus) Parallel branches is connected to the manifold and the extinguishing line.
  • pressure reducing devices are usually used to lower a relatively high inlet pressure (for example, 300 bar) to an outlet pressure of, for example, 60 bar on average.
  • a pressure reducing device which is designed in the form of a pressure diaphragm, has a pressure reduction characteristic, in which the output pressure is proportional to the input pressure.
  • the quick-opening valves are opened in the inert gas fire extinguishing system, this flows under high pressure in the at least one high-pressure gas storage stored oxygen-displacing gas in the high-pressure manifold (manifold), wherein subsequently adjusting itself in the manifold high gas pressure using the pressure reduction device is reduced to an operating pressure of, for example, 60 bar.
  • the extinguishing pipe can be designed as a low-pressure line, while a high-pressure manifold is to be selected for the manifold.
  • At least a part of the pressure reduction devices has a pressure reduction characteristic in which the output pressure does not exceed a predetermined pressure value independently of the applied input pressure over a predetermined pressure range (working range).
  • a pressure reducing device which has a linear pressure reduction characteristic, for example, a pressure reducer, which ensures despite different pressures on the input side (input pressure) that on the output side, a certain output pressure is not exceeded.
  • a pressure reduction device designed as a pressure reducer has an example spring-loaded membrane, the pressure acting on the output side of this membrane.
  • the diaphragm should also be mechanically coupled to a valve to make the valve the more closed the higher the pressure on the output side increases. When reaching a (adjustable) maximum output pressure, the valve should completely shut off the gas flow.
  • the solution according to the invention is not limited to an inert gas fire extinguishing system which has only one high-pressure gas storage.
  • the inert gas fire extinguishing system comprises at least two high-pressure gas reservoirs which can be connected to the collecting line via a quick-opening valve, with each high-pressure gas accumulator being assigned a parallel branch with a pressure reducing device. This assignment is made such that when opening the quick opening valve of a high-pressure gas storage of at least two high-pressure gas automatically the valves of the pressure reducing device are controlled such that only the one high-pressure gas accumulator associated parallel branch is connected to the extinguishing line and the manifold.
  • the inert gas fire extinguishing system is designed to carry out an inerting process, in which the oxygen content in the shelter is first lowered to a certain, first lowering level and maintained at this first lowering level, and in the event of a fire in the shelter (or at Demand), the oxygen content in the shelter is further lowered from the first descent level to a particular second descent level.
  • the inerting system it can be achieved that the lowering of the oxygen content in the protection space to the first lowering level corresponding to a first inertization curve, which is predetermined by a pressure reduction characteristic of a first pressure reduction device, and that the further lowering of the oxygen content in the shelter to the second lowering level in accordance with a second inerting curve, which is predetermined by a pressure reduction characteristic of a second pressure reducing device.
  • the shelter preferably continuously, with the aid of a detector at least one fire characteristic is measured to determine whether there is a fire in the shelter or if a fire already broken out in the shelter due to a carried out inerting already extinguished again.
  • the measurement of the fire parameter does not have to be continuous, but it is also conceivable that at predetermined times or depending on certain predetermined events, such a measurement takes place.
  • the measurement of the fire parameter is preferably carried out by means of a detector for detecting a fire characteristic, which emits a corresponding signal to the control device in the event of fire, in which preferably automatically an inerting of the protective space by controlling the corresponding Quick opening valves and valves of the pressure reducing device is made.
  • the detection of a fire parameter takes place with the aid of an aspiratively operating system in which the room air of the protective room is taken from representative air samples and supplied to the detector for fire characteristics.
  • fire characteristic is understood to mean physical quantities which are subject to measurable changes in the ambient air of an incipient fire, for example the ambient temperature, the proportion of solid or liquid or gas in the ambient air (formation of smoke in the form of particles or aerosols or steam) or the ambient radiation.
  • representative air samples to be taken by means of an aspiratively operating fire detection system of the room air to be monitored and fed to a fire characteristic detector which emits a corresponding signal to the control device in the event of fire.
  • An aspirative fire detection device is to be understood as a fire detection device which sucks, for example via a pipeline or duct system at a multiplicity of locations within the protection space, a representative subset of the room air of the protected space to be monitored and then feeds this subset to a measuring chamber with the detector for detecting a fire parameter ,
  • this detector for detecting a fire parameter is designed in such a way to output a signal which also makes possible a quantitative statement with regard to the fire parameters present in the sucked subset of the ambient air.
  • the invention is not limited only to the previously described inert gas fire extinguishing systems; Rather, it also relates to an inertization process preferably carried out with the inert gas fire extinguishing system according to the invention for reducing the risk and for extinguishing fires in a shelter.
  • this inertization method in a first method step, the oxygen content in the protective space is lowered to a specific first lowering level. This is done by preferably controlled introduction of an oxygen-displacing gas (inert gas), which is stored in at least one high-pressure gas storage under high pressure or is provided by a nitrogen generator.
  • the oxygen content in the shelter possibly by controlled tracking of inert gas or by continuous introduction of further inert gas - held at or below the first lowering level.
  • the oxygen content in the shelter is then further lowered from the first descent level to a particular second descent level.
  • the inertization method it is provided that the lowering of the oxygen content in the protective space to the first lowering level corresponding to a first inertization curve, which is predetermined by a pressure reduction characteristic of a first pressure reducing device, which is arranged in a first parallel branch, and that the further lowering of the oxygen content in Protection space to the second lowering level is carried out according to a second inertization curve, which is predetermined by a pressure reduction characteristic of a second pressure reducing device, which is arranged in a second parallel branch.
  • the inertization process according to the invention can be carried out in particular by an inert gas fire extinguishing system which, as described above, has a pressure reduction device with at least two parallel branches, and in which the oxygen-displacing gas is stored under high pressure up to, for example, 300 bar in high pressure gas reservoirs (such as steel tanks).
  • this initially high accumulator pressure is reduced to a working pressure of preferably a maximum of 60 bar by a pressure-reducing device arranged in a first parallel branch of the pressure-reducing device.
  • the pressure reduction device arranged in the first parallel branch comprises a diaphragm with a pre-defined diaphragm opening, which is calculated for example by means of suitable software, in order to reduce the pressure.
  • the mass / volume flow introduced into the protected area also reduces in the case of oxygen-displacing gas.
  • the mass / volume flow introduced into the protected area also reduces in the case of oxygen-displacing gas.
  • the mass / volume flow over the available time can be evened out to prevent pressure and flow peaks at the beginning of the flooding and thus the necessary protective measures in the protected area (eg pressure relief opening area) to a minimum.
  • the supply of oxygen-displacing gas is activated in one step, this supply is combined with a gradual switching behind the extinguishant supply arranged parallel branches of the pressure reducing device - and thus of pressure reducing devices, for example in the form of orifices.
  • the oxygen-displacing gas flows at the beginning of the flooding at high supply pressure through a small diaphragm cross-section and with decreasing supply pressure through a stepwise enlarged diaphragm cross-section.
  • the volume flow peak occurring in conventional extinguishing systems is capped at the beginning of the flooding, whereby the resulting safety measures can be reduced.
  • connection of the individual parallel branches of the pressure reducing device and thus the connection of the individual pressure reducing devices, for example in the form of orifices can be done in addition, wherein at certain (predetermined) times another parallel branch is added in the extinguishing agent flow and the aperture cross sections of coming to reduce the pressure used Add pressure reduction devices.
  • parallel branches of the pressure reducing device in which pressure reducing devices with different sized aperture (or more generally expressed with different pressure reduction characteristics) for the different times and switched off again.
  • the invention also relates to an inerting method for reducing the risk and extinguishing fires in a shelter in which a high pressure oxygen displacing gas is first reduced to a working pressure and then introduced into the shelter to reduce the oxygen content in the shelter to lower to a certain lowering level, wherein for reducing the pressure of the oxygen-displacing gas stored under high pressure, a first pressure reducing device is used, through which already at the beginning of lowering the oxygen content, the oxygen displacing gas flows, and wherein at least to further reduce the pressure of the stored under high pressure oxygen-displacing gas a second pressure reducing device is used, through which the oxygen-displacing gas flows only after a predetermined time after the beginning of the lowering.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows a schematic view of a first preferred embodiment of the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 according to the invention.
  • the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 has a total of 5 high-pressure gas storages 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b which are each designed, for example, as commercially available 200 bar or 300 bar high-pressure gas cylinders. It would also be conceivable to use one or more high-pressure gas storage containers, for example in the form of high-pressure gas storage tubes, instead of high-pressure gas cylinders.
  • an oxygen-displacing gas or gas mixture consisting for example of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and / or noble gas, is stored under high pressure.
  • the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 the high-pressure gas storage 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b in two groups consisting of the high-pressure gas storage 1a, 1b, 1c and the high-pressure gas storage 2a, 2b divided.
  • the division of the high-pressure gas storage 1a, 1b, 1c and 2a, 2b in high-pressure gas storage batteries has the advantage that not all high-pressure gas storage 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b at the same time, but in a multi-stage inert gas fire extinguishing system for setting a certain Absenkungsgovernings in the room atmosphere of a shelter only the high-pressure gas storage 1a, 1b, 1c and 2a, 2b can be used.
  • Each high-pressure gas storage 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b is connected to a high-pressure manifold 3 via a quick opening valve 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b. If necessary, the respective quick-opening valves 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b can be controlled by a control device 7 via corresponding control lines 13a, 13b in order to connect the associated high-pressure gas reservoir 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b to the high-pressure manifold 3.
  • the high-pressure manifold 3 is connected to a pressure reducing device 6.
  • the object of the pressure reducing device 6 is to reduce the oxygen displacing gas flowing into the high pressure manifold 3 under high pressure after opening at least one quick opening valve 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b to a predetermined operating pressure of, for example, 60 bar. Accordingly, there is at the input side of the pressure reducing device 6, a relatively high gas pressure, which is reduced by means of pressure reducing means 22, 32 to the low operating pressure.
  • the output side of the pressure reduction device 6 is connected to a low-pressure extinguishing line 4, via which the oxygen-displacing gas throttled down in the pressure reduction device 6 to an operating pressure determined by the pressure reduction devices 22, 32 is supplied to the protective space 10.
  • the low-pressure extinguishing line 4 opens in the shelter 10 via a plurality of extinguishing nozzles. 5
  • the pressure reducing device 6 at least two, in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 exactly two parallel branches 21, 31.
  • each parallel branch 21, 31, one of the already mentioned pressure reducing devices 22, 32 is arranged.
  • the individual pressure reducing means 22, 32 of the respective parallel branches 21, 31 on the one hand to the high-pressure manifold 3 and on the other hand with the Low pressure extinguishing line 4 connectable.
  • valves 23, 33 are arranged between the high-pressure manifold 3 and the corresponding pressure-reducing device 22, 32, it is of course also conceivable that the valves 23, 33 are present between the corresponding pressure-reducing devices 22, 32 and the low-pressure extinguishing line 4.
  • control lines 24, 34 are provided, via which control commands from the control device 7 to the valves 23, 33 can be transmitted. Furthermore, the control device 7 is connected via control lines 13a and 13b to the already mentioned quick-opening valves 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b of the high-pressure gas reservoirs 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b in order to supply, if necessary, the quick-opening valves 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b associated high-pressure gas storage 1a, 2b, 1c, 2a, 2b to connect with either the high-pressure manifold 3 can.
  • the pressure reduction devices 22, 32 provided in the two parallel branches 21, 31 can each have, for example, different pressure reduction characteristics.
  • the pressure reduction device 22 arranged in the first parallel branch 21 is designed as a pressure reducer with a pressure reduction characteristic constant over a defined pressure range.
  • valve 23 is opened to flood the protective space 10 with the aid of the control device 7 and the valve 33 arranged in the second parallel branch 31 flows, if at least one quick-opening valve 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b has been opened with the aid of the control device 7 -
  • the inertization curve runs in a straight line.
  • the steepness of the (rectilinear) Inerthneskurve is on the one hand by the volume of space of the enclosed shelter 10 and on the other hand by the reduced by means of the pressure reducing device 22 (constant) operating pressure at the output of the pressure reducing device 6 dependent.
  • the pressure reduction device 22 designed as a pressure reducer reduces the high pressure present in the high-pressure manifold 3, the straight-line inerting curve runs more or less steeply.
  • the pressure reduction device 32 arranged in the second parallel branch 31 can, for example, likewise be designed as a pressure reducer, which therefore supplies a constant outlet pressure over a certain working range independently of the inlet pressure. It is preferably provided that the pressure reduction characteristic curve of the pressure reduction device 32 arranged in the second parallel branch 31 is designed differently from the pressure reduction characteristic line of the pressure reduction device 22 arranged in the first parallel branch 21. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, that the pressure reduction device 32 arranged in the second parallel branch is designed to provide a constant outlet pressure that is greater in comparison with the reduced pressure present at the outlet of the pressure reduction device 22 arranged in the first parallel branch 21.
  • the oxygen-displacing gas is supplied with different volume flows to the shelter 10 by a suitable control of the valves 23, 33.
  • the maximum volume flow supplied to the protection space 10 should be matched to the maximum permissible amount of inert gas that can be supplied to the protection space 10 per unit time.
  • the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 is further equipped with a fire detection system, which has at least one fire characteristic quantity sensor 9.
  • This fire characteristic quantity sensor 9 is connected in the illustrated embodiment via a control line to the control device 7. With the help of the fire detection system is checked continuously or at predetermined times or events, whether in the room air of the enclosed space 10 a fire has broken out. When a fire parameter is detected, the fire characteristic variable sensor 9 sends a corresponding signal to the control device 7. The control device 7 then preferably automatically initiates the inerting of the enclosed space 10.
  • the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 is also equipped with a sensor 8 for detecting the oxygen concentration in the room atmosphere of the protective space 10.
  • the measured values taken by the sensor 8 continuously or at predetermined times or events are fed to the control device 7 via a corresponding data line.
  • the oxygen concentration in the shelter 10 at a predetermined lowering level can be maintained by possibly required tracking of oxygen-displacing gas within a certain control range.
  • Fig. 2 a further embodiment of the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 according to the invention is shown.
  • the structure corresponds to the in Fig. 2 shown inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 substantially the previously with reference to Fig. 1 described plant; with the exception that in Fig. 2
  • the pressure reduction device 6 has a total of three parallel branches 21, 31 and 41, each having a pressure reduction device 22, 32, 42.
  • Each parallel branch 21, 31, 41 of the pressure reducing device 6 is connected via a corresponding controllable by the control device 7 valve 23, 33, 43 with the high-pressure manifold 3 and the low-pressure extinguishing line 4 connectable.
  • the individual pressure reducing means 22, 32, 42 different pressure reduction characteristics.
  • the valves 23, 33, 43 selectively either one of the three parallel branches 21, 31, 41, or two of the three parallel branches 21, 31, 41, or all three parallel branches 21, 31, 41 simultaneously with the high pressure
  • the inerting of the shelter 10 can be carried out according to a total of six different inerting curves.
  • the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated pressure reducing means 21, 31, 41 may be formed as a pressure reducer having a constant, straight-line pressure reduction characteristic at least over a certain input pressure range, so that - regardless of the input pressure (pressure in the high-pressure manifold 3) - a constant output pressure unit is provided. If the pressure reduction takes place only with a pressure reducer, then the inertization curve assumes a straight course with a certain slope, the slope of the inertization curve can be influenced by varying the amount of oxygen displacing gas flowing through the pressure reducing device 6 per unit time.
  • the pressure reduction devices 22, 32, 42 used in the pressure reduction device 6 are designed as pressure diaphragms, wherein a pressure reduction takes place by a change in cross section by means of a throttle plate with a bore of a specific diameter.
  • the size of the bore is adapted to the inert gas fire extinguishing system according to the intended use.
  • a pressure reduction device in which the pressure reduction takes place with the aid of a pressure diaphragm, has a curved pressure reduction characteristic, which is dependent on the course of the inlet pressure (pressure in the high-pressure manifold 3) and thus pressure peaks, in particular immediately after opening one of the quick-opening valves 11a, 11b , 11c, 12a, 12b.
  • the inerting curve assumes an arcuate development.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically shown embodiments of the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 according to the invention are shown as a single-area extinguishing systems, of course, the use as a multi-range fire extinguishing system is conceivable.
  • the controller 7 controls the multi-range valves accordingly to connect certain low pressure purge lines to the output of the pressure reducing device 6.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show in each case the oxygen concentration and the quantitative measured value of a detected with the help of the fire characteristics sensor 9 fire characteristic or the smoke level in the shelter 10, wherein with the aid of an inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 according to the present invention, a multi-stage inerting process is performed.
  • the representations in the FIGS. 3a and 3b It can be seen that until the time t 0 in the shelter 10, an oxygen concentration of about 21 vol .-% is present and thus corresponds to the oxygen concentration of the normal ambient air.
  • the inerting of the protective space 10 begins by continuously supplying an oxygen-displacing gas until the time t 1 of the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 10.
  • the representation in Fig. 3a It can be seen that in the time interval t 0 - t 1, the inerting curve is rectilinear and relatively flat. This curve shape of the inertization curve is possible, for example, by connecting a first of the at least two parallel branches 21, 31, 41 of the pressure reduction device 6 to the high-pressure manifold 3 and the low-pressure extinguishing line 4, in which first parallel branch 21 a pressure reduction device 22 designed as a pressure reducer is provided.
  • the oxygen content in the enclosed space 10 is reduced to a first subsidence level of, for example, 15.9 vol%.
  • a first subsidence level of, for example, 15.9 vol%.
  • the oxygen content is maintained until time t 2 .
  • This is preferably done by continuously measuring the oxygen concentration in the shelter 10 with the help of the oxygen sensor 8, and by introducing oxygen displacing gas or fresh air into the shelter in a controlled manner.
  • the term "maintaining the oxygen concentration at your particular subsidence level” is understood to mean maintaining the oxygen concentration within a certain control range, ie, within a range defined by upper and lower thresholds.
  • the maximum amplitude of the oxygen concentration in this control range is adjustable in advance and is for example 0.1 to 0.4 vol .-%.
  • the smoke level or the quantitative measured value of the fire parameter which is detected continuously or at predefined times by the fire characteristic detector 9, has exceeded a first threshold value (alarm threshold 1) Fig. 3b can be seen.
  • the oxygen content in the shelter is reduced from the original 21 vol% to the first descent level.
  • the first subsidence level corresponds to the one in Fig.
  • FIG. 3a illustrated curve of an oxygen concentration of about 15.9 vol .-%.
  • the timing of the Fig. 3a can be seen, the lowering of the oxygen content to the first lowering level within a relatively long period of time (t 1 - t 0 ), since during the inerting, ie during the lowering of the oxygen content to the first lowering level, already an active fire fighting takes place.
  • the slope of the inerting curve is increased in the illustrated embodiment, for example, by a second parallel branch 31 is switched on in the pressure reduction device 6 in addition to the first parallel branch 21, in which a pressure reduction device 32 is arranged in the form of a pressure reducer.
  • the pressure reducing device 32 of the second parallel branch 31 is preferably designed to deliver a higher outlet pressure, so that the inerting curve is steeper in the lowering to the second lowering level ,
  • Reconfirming the fire alarm at time t 4 causes the oxygen content in the shelter to be lowered further from the second descent level to the full inertization level, this time by introducing as fast as possible a corresponding amount of oxygen displacing gas into the space atmosphere of the shelter.
  • at least two parallel branches 21, 31 are simultaneously opened in the pressure reduction device 6, in order to thus enable the largest possible inert gas throughput through the pressure reduction device 6. Since the pressure reducing devices 22, 32 used for pressure reduction are each designed as pressure reducers, the inerting curve again assumes a rectilinear course when lowering the oxygen content from the second lowering level to the third lowering level (full inerting level), although the gradient of the inerting curve is again is increased.
  • the Vollinertmaschinesmat is preferably set such that it corresponds to an oxygen concentration, which is below the ignition limit of existing materials in the shelter (fire load).
  • the Vollinertmaschinesmat is thus set via two intermediate stages, namely the first and the second lowering level.
  • a different pressure reduction measure is used for each intermediate stage, which is ultimately reflected in the curve of the inerting curve.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b another scenario is presented in which the reduction of the oxygen content from originally 21% by volume to the first subsidence level (for example 15.9% by volume) is carried out according to a rectilinear inertization curve which deliberately has such a low slope that only after a relatively long time, the oxygen content in the shelter is lowered to the first lowering level. Due to the slow introduction of the oxygen-displacing gas into the shelter no special pressure relief measures must be provided. Furthermore, during the lowering of the oxygen content, the fire development or fire extinguishment can be observed very accurately.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another exemplary embodiment of the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 according to the invention, this time the inert gas fire extinguishing system 100 is designed in the form of a multi-range system, with which a preventive fire protection or fire extinguishing for a total of two shelters 10-1 and 10-2 of one and the same Inertgas mecaniclöschstrom 100 is provided.
  • the available pressure relief and the compressive strength of the space envelope determined the maximum permissible amount of inert gas introduced per unit of time into the protected space. This maximum allowed, per unit of time in the Protected space introduced inert gas ultimately sets the event sequence in the inerting of the shelter, ie the applicable for the room inerting curve.
  • the multi-range fire extinguishing system 100 substantially corresponds to the single-range fire extinguishing system, which previously with reference to the representation in Fig. 1 has been described.
  • the multi-range fire extinguishing system 100 according to Fig. 5 a plurality of high-pressure gas storage 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b, which in turn may each be designed, for example, as commercially available 200-bar or 300-bar high-pressure gas cylinders, and in which an oxygen-displacing gas or gas mixture is stored under high pressure.
  • Each high-pressure gas storage 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b can be connected to a high-pressure collecting pipe 3 via a quick-opening valve 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b which can be activated by a control device 7.
  • the high-pressure manifold 3 is connected to a pressure reducing device 6, which at least two, in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 exactly two parallel branches 21, 31 has. In each parallel branch 21, 31, one of the already mentioned pressure reducing devices 22, 32 is arranged.
  • the individual pressure reducing devices 22, 32 of the respective parallel branches 21, 31 can be connected to the high-pressure manifold 3 on the one hand and to a low-pressure extinguishing line 4 connected to the output side of the pressure reduction device 6 via corresponding valves 23, 33 that can be controlled by the control device 7.
  • each parallel branch 4-1, 4-2 in one of the two shelters 10-1, 10- 2 in each case via a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 5 opens.
  • Each parallel branch 4-1, 4-2 of the low-pressure extinguishing line 4 can be connected to the low-pressure extinguishing line 4 and thus to the outlet side of the pressure-reducing device 6 via a range valve 41, 42 that can be activated by the control device 7.
  • the provided in the two parallel branches 21, 31 of the pressure reduction device 6 pressure reduction devices 22, 32 each have a adapted to one of the two shelters 10-1, 10-2 pressure reduction characteristic.
  • the pressure reduction device arranged in the first parallel branch 21 22 has adapted to the maximum allowable load of the first shelter 10-1 pressure reduction characteristic.
  • the valve 23 is opened and the valve 33 arranged in the second parallel branch 31 closes, if at least one quick-opening valve 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a flows with the aid of the control device 7 12b, the oxygen-displacing gas present in the high-pressure manifold 3 is passed through the first parallel branch 21 of the pressure-reducing device 6 to the low-pressure extinguishing line 4.
  • the pressure reduction device 22 arranged in the first parallel branch 21 has a pressure reduction characteristic adapted to the maximum permissible load of the first protection space 10-1, the inerting of the first protection space 10-1 takes place in accordance with an event sequence which can be specifically adapted to the first protection space 10-1.
  • the pressure reduction device 32 arranged in the second parallel branch 31 of the pressure reduction device 6 can correspondingly have a pressure reduction characteristic adapted to the maximum permissible load of the second protection space 10-2 so that, if required, the inerting of the second protection space 10-2 according to one to the second protection space 10-2 customizable event sequence can be done.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
EP08166037A 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 Inertgasfeuerlöschanlage zur Minderung des Risikos und zum Löschen von Bränden in einem Schutzraum Active EP2186546B1 (de)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502008001275T DE502008001275D1 (de) 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 Inertgasfeuerlöschanlage zur Minderung des Risikos und zum Löschen von Bränden in einem Schutzraum
PL08166037T PL2186546T3 (pl) 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 Instalacja do gaszenia pożaru gazem obojętnym do zmniejszania ryzyka i do gaszenia pożarów w pomieszczeniu chronionym
DK08166037.5T DK2186546T3 (da) 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 Inertgasbrandslukningsanlæg til formindskelse af risikoen og til slukning af brande i et beskyttelsesrum
AT08166037T ATE479476T1 (de) 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 Inertgasfeuerlöschanlage zur minderung des risikos und zum löschen von bränden in einem schutzraum
ES08166037T ES2351888T3 (es) 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 Instalación de extinción de fuego por gas inerte para disminuir el riesgo y extinguir incendios en un local protegido.
EP08166037A EP2186546B1 (de) 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 Inertgasfeuerlöschanlage zur Minderung des Risikos und zum Löschen von Bränden in einem Schutzraum
PCT/EP2009/063019 WO2010040771A1 (de) 2008-10-07 2009-10-07 Inertgasfeuerlöschanlage zur minderung des risikos und zum löschen von bränden in einem schutzraum
CA2737679A CA2737679C (en) 2008-10-07 2009-10-07 Inert gas fire extinguisher for reducing the risk and for extinguishing fires in a protected space
RU2011113003/12A RU2506105C2 (ru) 2008-10-07 2009-10-07 Система пожаротушения инертным газом для снижения опасности возгорания и тушения пожара в защищенном помещении
BRPI0920437A BRPI0920437A2 (pt) 2008-10-07 2009-10-07 sistema de extinção de incêndio por gás inerte e método de inertização para reduzir o risco de, e extinguir, incêndio em um ambiente protegido.
CN2009801396111A CN102170942A (zh) 2008-10-07 2009-10-07 用于在保护室中减少火灾风险和灭火的惰性气体灭火系统
AU2009301140A AU2009301140B2 (en) 2008-10-07 2009-10-07 Inert gas fire extinguisher for reducing the risk and for extinguishing fires in a protected space
US12/998,300 US9079054B2 (en) 2008-10-07 2009-10-07 Inert gas fire extinguisher for reducing the risk and for extinguishing fires in a protected space
HK10106852.2A HK1140443A1 (en) 2008-10-07 2010-07-14 Inert gas fire extinguisher for reducing the risk of and extinguishing fires in a protected area

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08166037A EP2186546B1 (de) 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 Inertgasfeuerlöschanlage zur Minderung des Risikos und zum Löschen von Bränden in einem Schutzraum

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EP2186546B1 true EP2186546B1 (de) 2010-09-01

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EP (1) EP2186546B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN102170942A (pl)
AT (1) ATE479476T1 (pl)
AU (1) AU2009301140B2 (pl)
BR (1) BRPI0920437A2 (pl)
CA (1) CA2737679C (pl)
DE (1) DE502008001275D1 (pl)
DK (1) DK2186546T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2351888T3 (pl)
HK (1) HK1140443A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2186546T3 (pl)
RU (1) RU2506105C2 (pl)
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EP2186546A1 (de) 2010-05-19
CN102170942A (zh) 2011-08-31
BRPI0920437A2 (pt) 2015-12-22
HK1140443A1 (en) 2010-10-15
WO2010040771A1 (de) 2010-04-15
AU2009301140A1 (en) 2010-04-15
PL2186546T3 (pl) 2011-02-28
DE502008001275D1 (de) 2010-10-14
CA2737679C (en) 2015-06-30
DK2186546T3 (da) 2011-01-03
RU2011113003A (ru) 2012-11-20
ES2351888T3 (es) 2011-02-11
ATE479476T1 (de) 2010-09-15
CA2737679A1 (en) 2010-04-15
US20110253396A1 (en) 2011-10-20
RU2506105C2 (ru) 2014-02-10
AU2009301140B2 (en) 2013-03-28
US9079054B2 (en) 2015-07-14

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