EP2164187B1 - Procédé de contrôle de transmission - Google Patents

Procédé de contrôle de transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2164187B1
EP2164187B1 EP09015517A EP09015517A EP2164187B1 EP 2164187 B1 EP2164187 B1 EP 2164187B1 EP 09015517 A EP09015517 A EP 09015517A EP 09015517 A EP09015517 A EP 09015517A EP 2164187 B1 EP2164187 B1 EP 2164187B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
frequency
transmission
delay
section
signals
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EP09015517A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2164187A2 (fr
EP2164187A3 (fr
Inventor
Kimihiko Imamura
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Sharp Corp
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Sharp Corp
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Priority to PL09015517T priority Critical patent/PL2164187T3/pl
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Publication of EP2164187A3 publication Critical patent/EP2164187A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0671—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal using different delays between antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0689—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using different transmission schemes, at least one of them being a diversity transmission scheme
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/12—Frequency diversity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless transmission devices and wireless transmission methods and in particular to wireless transmission devices and wireless transmission methods for transmitting signals to wireless reception devices by use of plural transmission antennas.
  • the present application claims priorities on Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-253194 filed in Japan on September 1, 2005 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-367860 filed in Japan on December 21, 2005, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • FIGS. 16A and 16B show the relationships regarding signals transmitted from a wireless transmission device to a wireless reception device with respect to time (horizontal axis) and frequency (vertical axis).
  • the horizontal axis represents time
  • the vertical axis represents frequency.
  • Transmission times t 1 to t 3 are set to the time axis.
  • the same time length is set to the times t 1 to t 3 respectively.
  • Transmission frequencies f 1 to f 5 are set to the frequency axis.
  • a same frequency range F c is set to the frequencies f 1 to f 5 .
  • fifteen chunks K 1 to K 15 are set as shown in FIG. 16A .
  • five chunks K 1 to K 5 are connected as shown in FIG. 16B and are then equally divided into six slots along the time axis, thus setting communication slots s 1 to s 6 each of which has a time length of t 1 /6 and a frequency range of 5f 1 .
  • the communication slots s 1 and s 4 are assigned to a first user; the communication slots s 2 and s 5 are assigned to a second user; and the communication slots s 3 and s 6 are assigned to a third user. This makes it possible for the first to third users to obtain frequency diversity effects.
  • the chunk K 10 is assigned to a fourth user as a communication slot s 11 .
  • the chunks K 7 , K 8 , and K 9 are connected so as to form communication slots s 8 to s 10 , each of which has a time length of t 2 and a frequency range of 3f 1 and which are assigned to a fifth user.
  • the chunk K 6 is assigned to a sixth user as a communication slot s 7 . This makes it possible for the fourth to sixth users to obtain multiuser diversity effects, and this makes it possible for the fifth user to obtain a frequency diversity effect.
  • the chunk K 11 is assigned to a seventh user as a communication slot s 12 . This makes it possible for this user to obtain a multiuser diversity effect.
  • the chunks K 13 and K 15 are assigned to an eighth user as communication slots s 19 and s26. This makes it possible for this user to obtain a multiuser diversity effect.
  • the two chunks K 12 and K 14 are equally divided into six slots, thus forming slots s 13 to s 18 and s 20 to s 25 .
  • the communication slots s 13 , s 16 , s 20 , and s 23 are assigned to a ninth user; the communication slots s 14 , s 17 , s 21 , and s 24 are assigned to a tenth user; and the communication slots s 15 , s 18 , s 22 , and s 25 are assigned to an eleventh user. This makes it possible for the ninth to eleventh users to obtain frequency diversity effects individually.
  • FIGS. 17A and 17B and FIGS. 18A and 18B are graphs showing delay profiles and transfer functions with regard to signals that are propagated through plural propagation paths having different delay times so as to reach wireless reception devices.
  • FIGS. 17A and 18A show delay profiles showing transmission signals, which are propagated through plural propagation paths so as to reach a wireless reception device, with respect to time (horizontal axis) and power (vertical axis).
  • FIGS. 17B and 18B show transfer functions for performing frequency conversion on delay profiles with respect to frequency (horizontal axis) and power (vertical axis).
  • FIG 17A shows the appearance of six delay waveforms w11 to w16
  • FIG. 18A shows the appearance of three delay waveforms w21 to w23. They differ from each other with respect to maximum delay times t1 and t2.
  • D1 and D2 in FIG. 17B and FIG. 18B show signals, i.e., data. That is, in FIG. 17B , a spread ratio of the spectrum spreading technology is set to "4" with respect to data D1 and D2, thus assigning four sub-carriers a 11 to a 14 to the data D1. Similarly, four sub-carriers a 15 to a 18 are assigned to the data D2.
  • the transfer function has rapid frequency variations; hence, reception power of the sub-carrier a 13 regarding the data D1 remarkably decreases, so that reception power of the sub-carrier a 16 regarding the data D2 remarkably decreases as well. Therefore, no reception failure occurs with respect to the data D1 and D2.
  • the spread ratio is set to "8" so as to assign eight sub-carriers a 21 to a 28 to the data D1.
  • the transfer function has slow frequency variations so that the reception power of the sub-carrier a 24 remarkably decreases, and the reception power of the sub-carriers a 23 and a 25 slightly decreases, whereas the data spreading ratio is increased compared with the case of FIG. 17B so that no reception failure occurs with respect to the data D1.
  • the aforementioned values of the spread ratios are described for the sake of convenience and are not necessarily limited.
  • the present invention is made in consideration of the aforementioned circumstances, wherein it is an object of the invention to provide a wireless transmission device and a wireless transmission method that can produce an adequate frequency diversity effect without controlling a spread coefficient and a coding coefficient in error correcting coding in the wireless transmission side.
  • the transmission signals supplied to the n transmission antennas are each delayed by the delay time (n-1)T or less.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration showing that signals transmitted from a wireless transmission device 1 are propagated through plural propagation paths so as to reach a wireless reception device 7.
  • the wireless transmission device 1 has plural transmission antennas 2 to 4, which are respectively applied with different delay times 0, T, and 2T and from which signals are transmitted.
  • the wireless reception device 7 receives signals transmitted from the wireless transmission device 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example in which the wireless transmission device 1 is equipped with three transmission antennas 2 to 4.
  • plural transmission antennas are transmission antennas installed in a wireless transmission device facilitated in a base station for cellular phones, wherein three types of transmission antennas are provided with respect to different sectors of the same base station and with respect to different base stations.
  • the following description is given with respect to the situation in which they belong to the same sector, for example, but it is possible to employ another constitution. That is, n transmission antennas belong to different sectors, or n transmission antennas belong to different base stations.
  • delays 5 and 6 apply a delay time T, by which, as described above, the delay time T is applied to the transmission antenna 3, and the delay time 2T is applied to the transmission antenna 4.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show a delay profile and a transfer function with respect to signals, which are propagated through plural (three) propagation paths having different delay times so as to reach a wireless reception device.
  • FIG. 2A shows the delay profile showing that transmission signals are propagated through plural propagation paths having different delay times so as to reach the wireless reception device with respect to time (horizontal axis) and power (vertical axis).
  • the delay profile instantaneously has a maximum delay waveform of 2T+d max ; hence, compared with the constitution in which the same signal is transmitted via each transmission antenna, the maximum delay waveform becomes very large.
  • d max represents an arrival time difference between a fast propagation path and a slow propagation path when radio waves arrive at a reception antenna from a transmission antenna.
  • FIG. 2B shows a transfer function that is produced by performing frequency conversion on the delay profile of FIG 2A with respect to frequency (horizontal axis) and power (vertical axis).
  • the increasing maximum delay time 2T+d max indicates rapid frequency variations of the transfer function. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2B (similar to FIG. 17B ), data D1 and D2 are spread with a spread ratio "4" and are assigned with sub-carriers.
  • the spread coefficient or the coding coefficient of error correcting coding be controlled in response to frequency variations of the transfer function in the wireless transmission device 1, wherein the aforementioned method states that the delay time 2T is acknowledged in advance by the wireless transmission device 1; hence, it is possible to determine the spread coefficient or the coding coefficient of error correcting coding irrespective of frequency variations of propagation paths.
  • the maximum delay time 2T+d max which appears instantaneously in the delay profile, be not increased so much. Multiuser diversity effects will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C .
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C show a delay profile and transfer functions with respect to signals that are propagated through plural propagation paths having different delay times so as to reach a wireless reception device.
  • FIG. 3A shows the delay profile adapted so transmission signals that are propagated through plural (three) propagation paths having different delay times so as to reach the wireless reception device with respect to time (horizontal axis) and power (vertical axis).
  • FIG. 3B shows a transfer function with regard to a wireless reception device used by a user u1.
  • FIG 3C shows a transfer function with regard to a wireless reception device used by a user u2. Since the wireless reception devices of the users u1 and u2 differ from each other in location, the instantaneous transfer functions thereof differ from each other.
  • data D1 to D4 are transmitted to the user u1 over the frequency channel b2.
  • Data D1 to D4 are subjected to spectrum spreading.
  • Data D1 to D4 are transmitted to the user u2 over the frequency channel b1. In this case, data D1 to D4 are subjected to spectrum spreading.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B and FIGS. 5A and 5B show the relationships between the maximum delay time (n-1)T and frequency variations.
  • n-1T an arrival time difference (n-1)T appears between arrival waves w31 and w32 as shown in FIG. 4A
  • a transfer function of this propagation path is shown in FIG. 4B . That is, a frequency difference between amplitude drops of power (vertical axis) is defined as F-1/(n-1)T.
  • plural delay waves w41 to w43 appear as shown in FIG.
  • the frequency diversity effect differs from the multiuser diversity effect in terms of frequency variations of appropriate transfer functions thereof; hence, in order to produce the frequency diversity effect, the maximum delay time (n-1)T is set as (n - 1)T>1/F c where F c denotes a frequency bandwidth of a chunk, which is a basic region secured by the user to perform communication and defied with respect to the frequency axis and time axis, thus creating an environment easily producing the frequency diversity effect.
  • the maximum day time (n-1)T is set as (n-1)T ⁇ 1/F c , where F c denotes a frequency bandwidth of a chunk, thus creating an environment easily producing the multiuser diversity effect.
  • F c denotes a frequency bandwidth of a chunk
  • delay times applied to transmission antennas are each represented as (n-1) multiples of T where T is assumed to be constant, whereas it is possible to change T with respect to each of transmission antennas.
  • the delay time T is set such that the maximum delay time (n-1)T between transmission antennas falls within a range of (n-1)T> 1/BW when a communication signal indicates the frequency diversity effect, while the delay time T is set such that the maximum delay time (n-1)T between transmission antennas falls within a range of (n-1)T ⁇ 1/F c .
  • the bandwidth BW of a communication slot assigned to the user represents a frequency difference between the sub-carriers, which deviate from each other at most within the sub-carriers instantaneously assigned to the user.
  • the determination as to whether signals are subjected to the frequency diversity transmission or the multiuser diversity transmission can be changed over based on types of transmission signals (e.g., pilot signals, control signals, broadcast/multicast signals, and the like), moving speeds of wireless reception devices (where the frequency diversity is selected in case of a high moving speed, and the multiuser diversity is selected in case of a low moving speed), and the like.
  • types of transmission signals e.g., pilot signals, control signals, broadcast/multicast signals, and the like
  • moving speeds of wireless reception devices where the frequency diversity is selected in case of a high moving speed, and the multiuser diversity is selected in case of a low moving speed
  • FIGS. 6A to 6C are explanatory drawings for the situation in which the same signal having no delay time is transmitted via plural antennas of a wireless transmission device 8.
  • the wireless transmission device 8 is equipped with plural (three) transmission antennas, which are arranged in parallel and which have no directivity in the horizontal direction. Due to the occurrence of lobes e 11 and e12 indicated by ellipses shown in FIG. 6A , there is a direction arranging a wireless reception device 9 that receives reception signals with a high reception level with respect to all frequency bands (see FIG 6B ) and a direction arranging a wireless reception device 10 that receives reception signals with a low reception level with respect to all frequency bands (see FIG. 6C ).
  • FIGS. 7A to 7C are explanatory drawings in which the same signal is applied with different delay times respectively and is then transmitted via plural transmission antennas of the wireless transmission device 8.
  • the wireless transmission device 8 is equipped with plural (three) transmission antennas having no directivity, which are arranged in parallel. Due to the occurrence of lobes e21 to e26 in narrow bands, there occur a frequency band securing a high reception level and a frequency band securing a low reception level within reception signals, whereas an average reception level is maintained substantially constant irrespective of directions; hence, it is possible to secure substantially the same quality with respect to both of the reception level of a wireless reception device 9 (see FIG. 7B ) and the reception level of a wireless reception device 10 (see FIG 7C ).
  • the method in which signals are applied with different delay times and are then transmitted via transmission antennas of the wireless transmission device 8, compensates for drawbacks of the method, which is described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6C and in which the same signal is transmitted via plural transmission antennas.
  • a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with respect to the constitution of a wireless transmission device. Similar to the wireless transmission device 1 of the first embodiment (see FIG. 1 ), the wireless transmission device of the present embodiment has plural transmission antennas.
  • the wireless transmission device described below is a wireless transmission device in which different delay times are applied to transmission antennas for transmitting signals, wherein delay times are imparted in a time region. Signals applied with different delay times in connection with transmission antennas are described in the present embodiment in such a way that a signal, which is delayed by T with respect to a transmission signal actually transmitted from a first transmission antenna, is transmitted via a second transmission antenna, and similarly, a n-th transmission antenna transmits a signal delayed by (n-1)T.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a physical layer of the wireless transmission device of the present embodiment.
  • the physical layer represents a portion of the configuration of the wireless transmission device, in particular, which receives transmission signals, which performs signal processing into a wireless-transmittable form, and which forwards signals to a wireless frequency converter for performing frequency conversion into wireless frequencies.
  • the physical layer includes user-dependent signal processors 11a and 11b and antenna-dependent signal processors 12-1, 12-2, and 12-3.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 11a (similar to the user-dependent signal processor 11b) performs signal processing on signals to be transmitted to a wireless reception device used by each user.
  • the antenna-dependent signal processor 12-1 (similar to the antenna-dependent signal processors 12-2 and 12-3) performs signal processing with respect to each of transmission antennas.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 11 a includes an error correcting coding section 13, a modulator 14, a sub-carrier assignment section 15, an IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) section 16, a parallel-series conversion section 17, a GI (Guard Interval) imparting section 18, and delay imparting sections 19-1, 19-2, and 19-3.
  • the error correcting coding section 13 performs error correcting coding on transmission signals.
  • the modulator 14 performs modulation processing such as QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) and 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) on the output of the error correcting coding section 13.
  • the sub-carrier assignment section 15 assigns the output of the modulator 14 to appropriate sub-carriers based on sub-carrier assignment information indicated by a high-order layer.
  • the IFFT section 16 performs frequency-time conversion on the output of the sub-carrier assignment section 15.
  • the parallel-series conversion section 17 performs parallel-series conversion on the output of the IFFT section 16.
  • the GI imparting section 18 imparts guard intervals to the output of the parallel-series conversion section 17.
  • the delay imparting section 19-1 imparts different delays to the output of the GI imparting section 18 in connection with transmission antennas.
  • the outputs of the delay imparting sections 19-1 to 19-3 are supplied to the antenna-dependent signal processors 12-1, 12-2, and 12-3 respectively.
  • the delay imparting sections 19-1 to 19-3 provide different delays (e.g., 0, S, and 2S).
  • S T/(sample time).
  • the sample time represents a minimum time interval between digital signals, which are processed in the GI imparting section 18, the delay imparting sections 19-1 to 19-3, and the mixing section 20. Therefore, imparting a delay of S samples in the delay imparting sections 19-1 to 19-3 indicates that a delay of time T is imparted at the output terminal of the D/A converter 22.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 11a is used in a certain chunk; in other words, it is used in either a frequency diversity region or a multiuser diversity region; hence, it receives a communication signal (frequency div/ multiuser div communication signal) directing the use of either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region from the high-order layer controlling the physical layer.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 11a selectively uses either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region based on the communication signal, thus functioning to change the delay time T.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 11b has a constitution similar to that of the user-dependent signal processor 11a, but differs from it in terms of the user thereof.
  • the antenna-dependent signal processor 12-1 includes the mixing section 20, a filter 21, and a D/A (Digital/Analog) converter 22.
  • the mixing section 20 adds together and mixes signals, which are output to the antenna-dependent signal processor 12-1 from the user-dependent signal processors 11a and 11b.
  • the filter 21 extracts signals of a prescribed band only from the output of the mixing section 20.
  • the D/A converter 22 performs digital-to-analog conversion on the output of the filter 21.
  • Both the antenna-dependent signal processors 12-2 and 12-3 have the constitution similar to that of the antenna-dependent signal processor 12-1.
  • the output of the antenna-dependent signal processor 12-1 is forwarded to a wireless frequency converter (not shown) for performing frequency conversion into wireless frequencies, from which it is supplied to plural (three) transmission antennas, thus transmitting wireless signals.
  • a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with respect to another constitution of a wireless transmission device.
  • the wireless transmission device of the present embodiment is a wireless transmission device that applies different delay times to transmission antennas so as to transmit signals, wherein delay times are applied with respect to a time region.
  • the wireless transmission device handles signals, which are applied with guard intervals with respect to symbols (valid symbol intervals) of transmission signals.
  • Signals applied with different delay times with respect to transmission antennas are focused on prescribed portions (valid symbol intervals) of transmission signals, which are actually transmitted via a first transmission antenna except for guard intervals; hence, only the valid symbol intervals are delayed by T and are then transmitted via a second transmission antenna; similarly, only the valid symbol intervals are delayed by (n-1)T and are then transmitted via a n-th transmission antenna.
  • transmission antennas transmit signals, which arc applied with guard intervals in correspondence with valid symbol intervals; hence, unlike the second embodiment, no time deviation occurs at the symbol timing at the transmission antennas.
  • a delay time imparting method described above is referred to as "circulating delay imparting" in the following description.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B show examples of signals that are produced by imparting circulating delays to transmission signals in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 9A shows a signal transmitted via a first antenna
  • FIG. 9B shows a signal transmitted via a second antenna.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B show that the valid symbol interval corresponds to four samples and the guard interval corresponds to one sample, wherein with regard to the valid symbol interval, one sample is delayed in the second antenna compared with the first antenna. No symbol timing deviation occurs in units of symbols with respect to the first antenna and the second antenna; hence, even when a circulating delay is applied thereto, it is acknowledged that a guard interval effect for intensifying against interferences with adjacent symbols is maintained.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the physical layer of the wireless transmission device according to the present embodiment.
  • the physical layer includes user-dependent signal processors 111a and 111b and antenna-dependent signal processors 112-1, 112-2, and 112-3.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 111a (similar to the user-dependent signal processor 111b) performs signal processing in connection with a wireless transmission device used by each user.
  • the antenna-dependent signal processor 112-1 (similar to the antenna-dependent signal processors 112-2 and 112-3) performs signal processing with regard to a prescribed transmission antenna.
  • the constitution of the user-dependent signal processor 111a is substantially identical to the constitution of the user-dependent signal processor 11a ( FIG 8 ) described in the second embodiment, whereas a difference therebetween lies in that the GI imparting section 18 is not provided, and circulating delay imparting sections 119-1 to 119-3 are provided instead of the delay imparting section 19-1 to 19-3.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 111a shares the same functions as the error correcting coding section 13, the modulator 14, the sub-carrier assignment section 15, the IFFT section 16, and the parallel-series conversion section 17 incorporated in the second embodiment (see FIG. 8 ); hence, they are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the circulating delay imparting section 119-1 imparts different circulating delays to the output of the parallel-series conversion section 17 in connection with transmission antennas.
  • the outputs of the circulating delay imparting sections 119-1 to 119-3 are supplied to the antenna-dependent signal processors 112-1, 112-2, and 112-3.
  • the circulating delay imparting sections 119-1 to 119-3 provide different delays (e.g., 0, S, and 2S).
  • S T/(sample time).
  • the user-dependent signal processor 111a is used in a certain chunk. Since it is used in either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region, it receives a communication signal directing the use of either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region by means of the high-order controlling the physical layer.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 111a selectively uses either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region based on the communication signal, thus functioning to change the delay time T.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 111b has a similar constitution as the user-dependent signal processor 111a, but differs from it in terms of the user.
  • FIG. 11 is an illustration for explaining the circulating delay imparting section 119-1, which is described as an example of the present embodiment.
  • the circulating delay imparting section 119-1 is equipped with a memory 110.
  • data D11 is sequentially input into address k+1 to address n of the memory 110 (i.e., 1, 2, 3, ..., (n-k) are input); then, a subsequence of the data D11 is input at address 1 (i.e., (n-k+1), (n-k+2), (n-k+3), ..., n) are input), thus inputting n samples of the data D11.
  • FIG. 9A shows an example of the signal, which is produced by imparting a circulating delay of zero sample to data of four samples
  • FIG. 9B shows an example of the signal, which is produced by imparting a circulating delay of one sample.
  • the constitution of the antenna-dependent signal processor 112-1 ( FIG. 10 ) is substantially identical to the constitution of the antenna-dependent signal processor 12-1 ( FIG. 8 ) described in the second embodiment, wherein a difference therebetween lies in that the GI imparting section 18 is provided therefor.
  • Functions of the mixing section 20, the GI imparting section 18, the filter 21, and the D/A converter 22 included in the antenna-dependent signal processor 112-1 are identical to those incorporated in the second embodiment ( FIG. 8 ); hence, they are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • Both the antenna-dependent signal processor 112-2 and 112-3 have a constitution similar to that of the antenna-dependent signal processor 112-1.
  • the outputs of the antenna-dependent signal processors 112-1, 112-2, and 112-3 are supplied to a wireless frequency converter (not shown) for performing frequency conversion into wireless frequencies, from which they are supplied to plural (three) transmission antennas, thus transmitting wireless signals.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the constitution of another wireless transmission device.
  • the wireless transmission device of the present embodiment is a wireless transmission device in which different delay times are applied to transmission antennas so as to transmit signals, wherein delay times are applied with respect to a frequency region.
  • the present embodiment deals with signals that are applied with guard intervals with respect to symbols (valid symbol intervals) of transmission signals, wherein similar to the wireless transmission device of the third embodiment ( FIG. 10 ), circulating delays are imparted thereto.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the physical layer of the wireless transmission device of the present embodiment.
  • the physical layer includes user-dependent signal processors 211a and 211b, a sub-carrier assignment section 215, and antenna-dependent signal processors 212-1, 212-2, and 212-3.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 211 a (similar to the user-dependent signal processor 211b) performs signal processing with respect to a wireless transmission device used by each user.
  • the sub-carrier assignment section 215 assigns the output of the user-dependent signal processor 211a to each sub-carrier.
  • the antenna-dependent signal processor 212-1 (similar to the antenna-dependent signal processors 212-2 and 212-3) performs signal processing with respect to a prescribed antenna.
  • Each of the user-dependent signal processors 211a and 211b includes an error correcting coding section 13 and a modulator 14. Functions of the error correcting coding section 13 and the modulator 14 are substantially identical to those described in the second embodiment ( FIG. 8 ); hence, they are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the outputs of the user-dependent signal processors 21 a and 211 b are assigned with appropriate sub-carriers in the sub-carrier assignment section 215 based on sub-carrier assignment information indicated by the high-order layer; then, they are supplied to the antenna-dependent signal processors 212-1, 212-2, and 212-3.
  • the antenna-dependent signal processor 212-1 includes a phase rotation section 219, an IFFT section 16, a parallel-series conversion section 17, a GI imparting section 18, a filter 21, and a D/A converter 22.
  • the functions of the IFFT section 16, the parallel-series conversion section 17, the GI imparting section 18, the filter 21, and the D/A converter 22 are identical to those of the second embodiment ( FIG. 8 ); hence, they are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the phase rotation section 219 rotates the output of the sub-carrier assignment section 215 in phase by ⁇ m with respect to each sub-carrier and then outputs it to the IFFT section 16.
  • Both the antenna-dependent signal processors 212-2 and 212-3 have a constitution similar to the constitution of the antenna-dependent signal processor 212-1.
  • the outputs of the antenna-dependent signal processors 212-1, 212-2, and 212-3 are supplied to a wireless frequency converter (not shown) for performing frequency conversion into wireless frequencies, from which they are supplied to plural transmission antennas, thus outputting wireless signals.
  • a delay imparting section 220 is constituted by the phase rotation section 219 and the IFFT section 16.
  • the phase rotation applied by the phase rotation section 219 is subjected to frequency-time conversion in the IFFT section 16, so that it is regarded as a time delay at the output of the IFFT section 16.
  • the user-dependent signal processor 211a is used in a certain chunk, which is used in either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region, wherein it receives a communication signal indicating whether to use the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region from the high-order layer controlling the physical layer. Based on the communication signal, the user-dependent signal processor 211 a selectively uses the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region, thus functioning to change the delay time T.
  • the wireless transmission devices are each equipped with a delay imparting section for delaying transmission signals supplied to n (n is an integer of two or more) transmission antennas by the maximum delay time (n-1)T in accordance with the delay time T suited to a communication signal indicating whether transmission signals are subjected to the frequency diversity transmission or the multiuser diversity transmission.
  • a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with respect to the constitution of another wireless transmission device.
  • the wireless transmission device of the present embodiment is a wireless transmission device that applies different delay times to signals, which are then transmitted via transmission antennas, in the frequency diversity region while applying appropriate weights to transmission antennas so as to perform directivity control in the multiuser diversity region, wherein delay times are applied and directivity control is performed in the frequency region.
  • the present embodiment deals with signals that are produced by imparting guard intervals to transmission signals with respect to symbols (valid symbol intervals), wherein, similar to the third and fourth embodiments, it imparts circulating delays to signals.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a physical layer of the wireless transmission device of the present embodiment.
  • the physical layer includes user-dependent signal processors 211 a and 211b, a sub-carrier assignment section 215, a weight calculation section 310, and antenna-dependent signal processors 312-1, 312-2, and 312-3,
  • the constitutions of the user-dependent signal processor 211a and the sub-carrier assignment section 215 are similar to those of the fourth embodiment ( FIG 12 ); hence, they are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the antenna-dependent signal processor 312-1 (similar to the antenna-dependent signal processors 312-2 and 312-3) performs signal processing with respect to a prescribed transmission antenna.
  • the antenna-dependent signal processor 312-1 includes a weighted multiplication section 319, an IFFT section 16, a parallel-series conversion section 17, a GI imparting section 18, a filter 21, and a D/A converter 22.
  • Functions of the IFFT section 16, the parallel-series conversion section 17, the GI imparting section 18, the filter section 21, and the D/A converter 22 are identical to those of the first embodiment; hence, they are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the weighted multiplication section 319 performs weighted multiplication on the output of the sub-carrier assignment section 215 with respect to sub-carriers, and outputs the results to the IFFT section 16.
  • Both the antenna-dependent signal processors 312-2 and 312-3 have a constitution similar to that of the antenna-dependent signal processor 312-1.
  • the outputs of the antenna-dependent signal processors 312-1, 312-2, and 312-3 are supplied to a wireless frequency converter (not shown) for performing frequency conversion into wireless frequencies, from which the results are supplied to transmission antennas, thus outputting wireless signals.
  • a specific sub-carrier is used in a certain chunk. That is, it is used in either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region.
  • the weighted multiplication section 319 is informed of the determination as to whether to use either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region from the high-order layer controlling the physical layer, based on which phase rotation ⁇ m is introduced in order to apply different delay times to antennas in the frequency diversity region, while multiplication using a weight w m is performed in order to perform directivity control in the multiuser diversity region.
  • a delay imparting and directivity control section 320 is constituted by the weighted multiplication section 319 and the IFFT section 16.
  • phase rotation is introduced by means of the weighted multiplication section 319, it is regarded as a time at the output of the IFFT section 16 since the IFT section 16 performs frequency-time conversion.
  • the weighted multiplication section performs multiplication using the weights w m
  • the IFFT section 16 performs frequency-time conversion so that the output of the IFFT section 16 output from the transmission antenna is subjected to directivity control.
  • T s represents a valid symbol time for an OFDM symbol.
  • the following weight is set up so as to perform directivity control. Assuming a linear array of n antennas whose distance is a half of a wavelength of a carrier frequency, the weight w m is calculated in accordance with the following equation (1):
  • the weight w m represents a vector of a weight used in the weighted multiplication section 319, wherein in the equation (1), the first to last terms describe the weights used in first to n-th antennas.
  • ⁇ denotes a direction in which a main beam is directed;
  • k denotes a ratio between the frequency used for transmission and the frequency that is measured based on ⁇ .
  • ⁇ a measured value produced by the wireless transmission device or a terminal of a counter-communicator is supplied to the weight calculation section 310, in which it is used for calculation of the weight w m .
  • the equation (1) presents an example of calculation for the weight w m , which can be calculated by way of another method.
  • the calculation methods regarding ⁇ and w m are described in " Technical Report RCS2004-229" (published by the Corporate Institute of Electronic Information and Telecommunication on November, 2004 ) and the like.
  • the delay imparting and directivity control section 320 imparts a delay of the maximum delay time (n-1)T or less between transmission antennas when the communication signal indicates frequency diversity, while it performs multiplication to produce the weight w m so as to perform directivity control when the communication signal indicates multiuser diversity.
  • the delay imparting and directivity control section 320 sets the delay time T such that the maximum delay time (n-1)T between transmission antennas falls within a range of (n-1)T>1/F c when the communication signal indicates frequency diversity.
  • the delay imparting and directivity control section 320 sets the delay time T such that the maximum delay time (n-1)T falls within a range of (n-1)T>I/BW when the communication signal indicates frequency diversity.
  • the weighted multiplication section 319 of the delay imparting and directivity control section 320 is instructed by the high-order layer controlling the physical layer to use either the frequency diversity region or the multiuser diversity region, based on which it applies a phase rotation ⁇ m so as to impart different delay times to antennas in the frequency diversity region, while it performs multiplication to produce the weight w m so as to perform directivity control in the multiuser diversity region; however, it is possible to use another method for using both the phase rotation ⁇ m and weight w m in the multiuser diversity region in such a way that, as described in the fourth embodiment, the phase rotation ⁇ m is imparted with respect to both the frequency diversity region and the multiuser diversity region before the main beam direction ⁇ is produced, and then the directivity control is performed using the weight w m after the main beam direction ⁇ is produced in the multiuser diversity region.
  • the delay time T varies in connection with ⁇ m in accordance with the frequency diversity region and the multiuser diversity region.
  • the delay imparting and directivity control section 320 imparts a delay of the maximum delay time (n-1)T or less between transmission antennas when the communication signal indicates frequency diversity, while it imparts a delay of the maximum delay time (n-1)T or less between transmission antennas, or it performs multiplication to produce the weight w m so as to perform directivity control when the communication signal indicates multiuser diversity.
  • the wireless transmission device performing the aforementioned processing has the constitution shown in FIG. 13 , wherein, when the communication signal indicates the multiuser diversity, the delay imparting and directivity control section imparts a delay of the maximum delay time (n-1)T or less between transmission antennas, or it performs multiplication to produce the weight w m so as to perform directivity control.
  • the delay imparting and directivity control section sets the delay time T such that the maximum delay time (n-1)T between transmission antennas falls within a range of(n-1)T>1/F c when the communication signal indicates frequency diversity, while it sets the delay time T such that the maximum delay time falls within a range of (n-1)T ⁇ 1/F c when the communication signal indicates multiuser diversity so that a delay is applied between transmission antennas.
  • the delay imparting and directivity control section sets the delay time T such that the maximum delay time (n-1)T between transmission antennas falls within a range of (n-1)T>1/BW when the communication signal indicates the frequency diversity.
  • the aforementioned second to fifth embodiments are described with respect to the case in which the number of users is two and the number of antennas is three, whereas the number of users and the number of antennas are not necessarily limited to these numbers.
  • the present embodiment will be described with respect to variations of the maximum delay time (n-1)T dependent upon physical channels.
  • the aforementioned first to fifth embodiments are described under the presumption that one-to-one communication is performed with regard to one certain chunk at certain instant, wherein (n-1)T>1/F c is set to produce the frequency diversity effect, while (n-1)T ⁇ 1/F c is set to produce the multiuser diversity effect.
  • a known signal referred to as a pilot channel is transmitted to a wireless transmission device in order to estimate a propagation path; alternatively, a control channel is used to inform various types of parameters before data communication.
  • a control channel is used to inform various types of parameters before data communication.
  • the present embodiment will be described with respect to a setup method of the maximum delay time (n-1)T in theses physical channels.
  • common pilot channels DCPCH (Downlink Common Pilot Channel), dedicated pilot channels DDPCH (Downlink Dedicated Pilot Channel), downlink synchronization channels DSCH (Downlink Synchronization Channel), common control channels DCCCH (Downlink Common Control Channel), downlink shared control signaling channels DSCSCH (Downlink Shared Control Channel), and multicast/broadcast channels (Multicast/Broadcast Channel).
  • DCPCH Downlink Common Pilot Channel
  • DDPCH Downlink Dedicated Pilot Channel
  • downlink synchronization channels DSCH (Downlink Synchronization Channel)
  • common control channels DCCCH (Downlink Common Control Channel)
  • DSCSCH Downlink shared control signaling channels
  • Multicast/broadcast Channel Multicast/Broadcast Channel
  • Common pilot channels DCPCH correspond to pilot channels CPICH in W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), which are used for the estimation of conditions of downlink propagation paths, cell search, and measurement of losses of propagation paths in uplink transmission power control in AMCS (Adaptive Modulation and Coding Scheme).
  • Dedicated pilot channels DDPCH are used to perform transmission toward individual mobile stations via transmission antennas such as adaptive array antennas whose propagation paths (directivities) differ from those of cell shared antennas; alternatively, they can be used for the purpose of reinforcing downlink shared common pilot channels DSPCH in connection with mobile stations having low reception qualities.
  • Downlink synchronization channels DSCH correspond to synchronization channels SCH in W-CDMA, wherein they are used for cell search of mobile stations, wireless frames of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signals, time slots, transmission timing intervals TTI (Transmission Timing Interval), and OFDM symbol timing synchronization.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • Common control channels DCCCH include common control information such as broadcast information (corresponding to broadcast channels BCH) corresponding to primary common control physical channels P-CCPCH, secondary common control physical channels S-CCPCH, and paging indicator channels PICH in W-CDMA, packet paging indicator PI information (corresponding to paging indicator channels PICH) designating occurrence of packet calls, packet paging information (corresponding to paging channels PCH) corresponding to packet calls, and downlink access information (corresponding to downlink access channels FACH).
  • broadcast information corresponding to broadcast channels BCH
  • P-CCPCH primary common control physical channels
  • S-CCPCH secondary common control physical channels
  • paging indicator channels PICH in W-CDMA
  • packet paging indicator PI information corresponding to paging indicator channels PICH designating occurrence of packet calls
  • packet paging information corresponding to paging channels PCH
  • downlink access information corresponding to downlink access channels FACH.
  • Downlink shared control signaling channels DSCSCH correspond to HS-DSCH connected shared control channels HS-SCCH, downlink dedicated control channels DPCCH, acquisition indicators AICH included in high-speed physical downlink shared channels HS-PDSCH in HSPDA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access), wherein they are shared by plural mobile stations and are used for transmission of the information (modulation methods, spread coding, etc.) that is necessary for mobile stations to perform demodulation with regard to high-speed downlink shared channels HS-DSCH, the information that is necessary for error correcting decoding and HARQ processing, and the scheduling information of wireless resources (frequency, time).
  • HSPDA High Speed Downlink Packet Access
  • Downlink shared data channels DSDCH correspond to high-speed downlink shared channels HS-DSCH and downlink dedicated data channels DPDCH included in high-speed physical downlink shared channels HS-PDSCH in HSPDA, wherein they are used for transmission of packet data towards mobile stations from high-order layers. Multicast/broadcast channels are used for the broadcasting of information signals.
  • the aforementioned physical channels of W-CDMA and HSDPA are described in " Tachikawa Keiji, W-CDMA Mobile Communication Method, ISBN4-621-04894-5 " and the like.
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are tables describing the relationships between the maximum delay time (n-1)T between transmission antennas and the frequency bandwidth F c of chunks in connection with physical channels.
  • (n-1)T ⁇ 1/F c irrespective of the frequency diversity region and the multiuser diversity region with respect to common control pilot channels, common control channels, and dedicated control channels.
  • (n-1)>1/F c irrespective of the frequency diversity region and the multiuser diversity region with respect to downlink synchronization channels.
  • dedicated pilot channels it is preferable to set (n-1)T>1/F c in the frequency diversity region and to set (n-1)T ⁇ 1/F c in the multiuser diversity region.
  • dedicated pilot signals are transmitted via transmission antennas, wherein the delay imparting section for delaying transmission signals supplied to n transmission antennas by the maximum delay time (n-1)T or less sets the delay time T such that the maximum delay time (n-1)T falls within a range of (n-1)T>1/F c when a communication signal, which indicates whether chunks including dedicated pilot channels are subjected to the frequency diversity transmission or the multiuser diversity transmission, indicates frequency diversity, while it sets the delay time T so as to perform directivity control using weights output from the weight calculation section or to define the maximum delay time (n-1)T as (n-1)T ⁇ 1/F c when the communication signal indicates multiuser diversity.
  • Multicast/broadcast channels are used in the frequency diversity region only; hence, it is preferable to set (n-1)T>1/F c .
  • Downlink synchronization channels are used for frame synchronization, wherein the estimation of propagation paths is not necessary, and it is preferable to secure accurate reception in case of low reception power; hence, it is preferable to set (n-1)T>1/F c in order to produce the frequency diversity effect.
  • the same signal is transmitted using the same time and the same frequency via downlink synchronization channels by way of plural sectors and plural antennas included in a single base station. Therefore, signals are applied with different delays with respect to antennas and are transmitted by way of plural sectors and plural antennas included in a single base station via downlink synchronization channels; thus, it is expected to produce a high frequency diversity effect, which is higher than that of another physical channel.
  • common control channels and dedicated control channels use estimated values of propagation paths, which are produced by way of common pilot channels; hence, it is preferable that they be set to the maximum delay time, which is identical to that of the common pilot channels, and be subjected to transmission.
  • the aforementioned embodiment is described such that the maximum delay time falls within a range of (n-1)T ⁇ 1/F c in the multiuser diversity region, whereas, the wireless transmission device described in the fifth embodiment can use the weight w m , which is produced by the weight calculation section 310, in the multiuser diversity region.
  • the aforementioned second to fifth embodiments are each described such that the wireless transmission device having n transmission antennas transmits signals applied with a prescribed delay time with respect to each of n transmission antennas; but this constitution is not restrictive.
  • the wireless transmission device having n transmission antennas selects using the multiuser diversity, it is possible to transmit signals applied with a prescribed delay time T' with respect to each of j transmission antennas (where j is an integer, 1 ⁇ j ⁇ n) within n transmission antennas.
  • a maximum delay time (j-1)T' applied to signals transmitted via j transmission antennas decreases so as to further reduce variations of propagation paths; hence, it is possible to produce a good multiuser diversity effect.
  • the present embodiment is described under the precondition that the maximum delay time is set as (n-1)T> 1/F c in order to produce the frequency diversity effect, whereas, as described in the first embodiment, when transmission is performed using a physical channel, which is assigned with chunks lying in plural frequency directions, the bandwidth BW assigned to the physical channel forms the basis for producing the frequency diversity effect; hence, it is possible to produce the frequency diversity effect by setting the maximum delay time to (n-1)T>1/BW.
  • the wireless transmission device which selects the use of either the frequency diversity or the multiuser diversity in transmission of signals from n transmission antennas so as to vary delay times applied to signals transmitted via n transmission antennas on the basis of the selection result; hence, it is possible to produce the frequency diversity effect or the multiuser diversity effect without being affected by conditions of propagation paths.
  • programs realizing functions of the error correcting coding section 13, the modulator 14, the sub-carrier assignment sections 15 and 215, the IFFT section 16, the parallel-series conversion section 17, the GI imparting section 18, the delay imparting sections 19-1 to 19-3, the circulating delay imparting sections 119-1 to 119-3, the mixing section 20, the filter 21, the D/A converter 22, the phase rotation section 219, the weight calculation section 310, and the weighted multiplication section 319 shown in FIGS. 8 , 10 , 12 , and 13 are stored in computer-readable storage media, so that the programs stored in the storage media are loaded into a computer system and are then executed to as to control the wireless transmission device.
  • the computer system includes OS and the hardware such as peripheral devices.
  • the computer-readable recording media are referred to as flexible disks, magneto-optical disks, ROM, portable media such as CD-ROM, and storage devices such as hard disks incorporated in the computer system.
  • the computer-readable storage media embrace media for dynamically retaining programs in a short period of time, such as communication lines such as the Internet, networks, and telephone lines used for transmitting programs as melt as volatile memories for retaining programs for a prescribed period of time, which are incorporated in the computer system serving as the server and client.
  • the aforementioned programs are designed to realize a part of the aforementioned functions; alternatively, they are designed to realize the aforementioned functions by way of the combination with programs that are stored in the computer system in advance.
  • the present invention is applicable to wireless transmission devices and wireless transmission methods, which transmit signals to wireless reception devices by use of plural transmission antennas, wherein delay times are appropriately set based on the determination as to whether transmission signals are subjected to frequency diversity transmission or multiuser diversity transmission; hence, it is possible to produce frequency diversity effects and multiuser diversity effects without being affected by conditions of propagation paths.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de contrôle de transmission adapté à un système de transmission dans lequel des créneaux sont attribués à des blocs divisés en un domaine fréquentiel et un domaine temporel, et étant précisé que lors de la transmission de signaux par l'intermédiaire de plusieurs antennes de transmission, des retards sont provoqués dans ces antennes de transmission, ledit procédé de contrôle de transmission étant caractérisé en ce que
    quand Fc représente une largeur de bande de fréquence de chaque bloc, le contrôle de retard est réalisé de telle sorte qu'un temps de retard maximal, parmi les antennes de transmission, est réglé à une première valeur inférieure à 1/Fc pour une utilisation dans une diversité multi-utilisateur ou à une seconde valeur supérieure à 1/Fc pour une utilisation dans une diversité de fréquences ; et
    on détermine s'il faut ou non appliquer le contrôle de retard en réponse à un type de canal physique.
  2. Procédé de contrôle de transmission selon la revendication 1, étant précisé que le contrôle de retard est appliqué à un canal de données.
  3. Procédé de contrôle de transmission selon la revendication 2, étant précisé qu'un canal pilote spécialisé est contrôlé à l'aide du même temps de retard maximal que le canal de données correspondant.
EP09015517A 2005-09-01 2006-09-01 Procédé de contrôle de transmission Active EP2164187B1 (fr)

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US20090135940A1 (en) 2009-05-28
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JP5280169B2 (ja) 2013-09-04
US20100260287A1 (en) 2010-10-14
DK2164187T3 (da) 2012-03-19
ATE549803T1 (de) 2012-03-15
ES2380451T3 (es) 2012-05-11
CN102142877B (zh) 2012-09-12
US8625717B2 (en) 2014-01-07
EA200802341A1 (ru) 2009-10-30
EP2285012B1 (fr) 2012-12-19
EA200802344A1 (ru) 2009-10-30
EP1921774B1 (fr) 2016-07-20
JP4477067B2 (ja) 2010-06-09
US20100261441A1 (en) 2010-10-14
WO2007026882A1 (fr) 2007-03-08
JP4481353B2 (ja) 2010-06-16
EP1921774A1 (fr) 2008-05-14
JP5107397B2 (ja) 2012-12-26
JP4842307B2 (ja) 2011-12-21
DK2280495T3 (da) 2012-04-23
EA014592B1 (ru) 2010-12-30
CN101729118B (zh) 2016-03-23
PT2164187E (pt) 2012-05-07
EA014593B1 (ru) 2010-12-30
PL2164187T3 (pl) 2012-07-31
JP2009022031A (ja) 2009-01-29
HK1141153A1 (en) 2010-10-29
EA200800453A1 (ru) 2008-08-29
EP2164187A3 (fr) 2010-06-02
CN102142877A (zh) 2011-08-03
JP2009095044A (ja) 2009-04-30
EA200802343A1 (ru) 2009-10-30
EP2280495A1 (fr) 2011-02-02
JP4477080B2 (ja) 2010-06-09
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US8116403B2 (en) 2012-02-14
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JP2009022030A (ja) 2009-01-29
JPWO2007026882A1 (ja) 2009-03-26
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US8170133B2 (en) 2012-05-01
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US8098763B2 (en) 2012-01-17
ATE545214T1 (de) 2012-02-15
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