EP2155476B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundmaterials mit mindestens einem darin gewundenen faden - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundmaterials mit mindestens einem darin gewundenen faden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2155476B1
EP2155476B1 EP08805970A EP08805970A EP2155476B1 EP 2155476 B1 EP2155476 B1 EP 2155476B1 EP 08805970 A EP08805970 A EP 08805970A EP 08805970 A EP08805970 A EP 08805970A EP 2155476 B1 EP2155476 B1 EP 2155476B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thread
twist
composite material
deposited
path
Prior art date
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EP08805970A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2155476A2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marc Beraud
Alain Bruyere
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Hexcel Fabrics SA
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Hexcel Fabrics SA
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Filing date
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Priority claimed from FR0755680A external-priority patent/FR2917330B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR0756503A external-priority patent/FR2918920B1/fr
Application filed by Hexcel Fabrics SA filed Critical Hexcel Fabrics SA
Publication of EP2155476A2 publication Critical patent/EP2155476A2/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
    • B29C70/382—Automated fiber placement [AFP]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/10—Cords, strands or rovings, e.g. oriented cords, strands or rovings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2707/00—Use of elements other than metals for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2707/04—Carbon
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/24994—Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
    • Y10T428/249942—Fibers are aligned substantially parallel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/24994—Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
    • Y10T428/249942—Fibers are aligned substantially parallel
    • Y10T428/249946—Glass fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y10T428/2907—Staple length fiber with coating or impregnation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of composite preforms.
  • the invention relates to a method of depositing at least one wire particularly suitable for forming preforms at least a portion of which is curved, for example of the annular or ellipsoidal type.
  • the invention finds particular application in the field of composite parts used in the automotive, aeronautical or naval industry.
  • the manufacture of composite articles or articles that is to say comprising, on the one hand, one or more fibrous reinforcements and, on the other hand, a thermoplastic or thermosetting type resin matrix or a mixture of the two can, for example, be carried out by a so-called “direct” method or by an “indirect” method.
  • a direct process is defined by the fact that one or more fibrous reinforcements are used in the "dry” state (that is to say without the final matrix), the resin or matrix, of thermoplastic, thermosetting type or a mixture of the two, being carried out separately, for example by injection into the mold containing the fibrous reinforcements ("RTM” process, of the English Resin Transfer Molding), by infusion (in a mold, through the thickness of the fibrous reinforcements: "LRI” process, of the English “Liquid Resin Infusion” or “RFI” process, of the English Resin Film Infusion), or else by manual coating or impregnation by roller or brush, on each layer fibrous reinforcement units, applied successively to the shape.
  • RTM fibrous reinforcements
  • the reinforcing threads are generally associated to confer a unitary character to the piece, called the preform, by bonding with a polymeric binder whose percentage by mass relative to the total mass of the fibrous reinforcement (ie reinforcing threads + polymeric binder) ranges from 0.1 to 25%, and advantageously from 3 to 10%.
  • the binder represents, for its part, from 20 to 50%, preferably from 30 to 40% of the total mass of the fibrous reinforcement (that is to say reinforcing son + polymeric binder).
  • preforms at least part of which is intended to form the outline of an opening and has, for example, a ring-like or ellipsoidal shape.
  • preforms at least part of which is intended to form the outline of an opening and has, for example, a ring-like or ellipsoidal shape.
  • the document EP 1 469 113 describes a process of this type.
  • the yarns are composed of a set of filaments extending substantially parallel to each other.
  • the son therefore have a certain width.
  • the inventors have found that when, on the deposition surface, which may be flat or non-planar, the threads take non-rectilinear paths, and in particular curves, undulations are observed, which results in non-homogeneity of the deposit.
  • the inventors have demonstrated that these undulations came from the fact that the filaments located at the two extreme trajectories of the wire had to follow paths of different lengths.
  • the extreme trajectories designate the two trajectories that the wire follows on both sides of its width, measured parallel to its removal surface.
  • the Figure 1 illustrates this phenomenon in the case of a wire deposited on a flat surface along an arcuate path.
  • the wire F has a width 1 measured parallel to the dispensing surface.
  • the trajectory T that follows the average fiber (or median filament) of the wire F is a circular arc portion of radius R on an angle 8. It therefore appears that the length of the trajectory that the wire must follow is not the same over its entire width I, the extreme trajectories T 1 and T 2 having different lengths.
  • the path T 2 is an arc of radius R 2 and inside the arc, the trajectory T 1 , so-called internal or minimal, is an arc of radius of radius R 1 .
  • the trajectory T 1 thus has a length L 1 equal to ⁇ R 1 and the trajectory T 2 a length L 2 equal to ⁇ R 2 , L 2 being greater than L 1 . Therefore, at the internal trajectory T 1 , the filaments, which have no elasticity, have a length L ' 1 , which is in fact equal to the length L 2 , greater than their trajectory, which leads to a phenomenon of ripple due to the presence of length of filaments out of or in the plane of deposition. Such irregularities are likely to have weaknesses premature during mechanical stresses and thus to cause a drop in mechanical performance of the part obtained.
  • the present invention proposes to provide an improved removal method to overcome these disadvantages.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method of manufacturing a composite material in which at least one reinforcing thread is deposited on a surface, along a path on the deposition surface having at least one curved zone, in which the reinforcing thread is bonded to the surface by means of a polymeric binder, characterized in that a twist is applied to the reinforcing thread, upstream of its removal, so as to at least compensate for the differences in length which the extreme trajectories of the wire present, on both sides, its width measured parallel to the dispensing surface.
  • the present invention also relates to composite materials that can be obtained by the process according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a composite material comprising at least one reinforcing wire deposited on a surface, in a path having at least one curved zone on the laying surface, in which the reinforcing wire is bonded to the surface at medium of a polymeric binder, characterized in that the reinforcing wire is twisted so as to at least compensate for the differences in length that the extreme trajectories of the wire present on either side of its width measured parallel to the surface of the wire. deposit.
  • such a composite material consists of a single wire or a series of son which all have substantially the same composition, width and torsion.
  • this composite material is made from a single or a series of reinforcing threads whose torsion is either of the S type or of the Z type, preferably of the S type, when the deposition is performed, on the curved area of the trajectory, clockwise.
  • torsion is either of the S type or of the Z type, preferably of the S type, when the deposition is performed, on the curved area of the trajectory, clockwise.
  • this composite material is composed of a single twisted wire deposited edge to edge in paths substantially parallel to each other (with the exception of cusp points) or a series of twisted son deposited substantially parallel to each other. to others and in a joined way.
  • the threads are positioned to minimize or even to avoid the presence of day between two neighboring threads.
  • Such an exemplary embodiment is for example illustrated, schematically, Figure 3 .
  • a wire is deposited so as to form a spiral of twisted son, each turn being deposited edge to edge with the next.
  • Such an exemplary embodiment is, for example, illustrated, schematically, Figure 4 .
  • Such composite materials can be obtained by laying twisted wires on a non-planar surface, or preferably on a flat surface.
  • a yarn which has been twisted, that is to say a relative rotation of the outer edges of the yarn, around its average fiber, so that these describe a helical trajectory, that is to say that the tangent at each point makes a substantially constant angle with a given direction.
  • Each wire is twisted individually.
  • the twist applied to the wire allows to compensate for the fact that the two extreme trajectories of the wire have different lengths.
  • the extreme trajectories designate the two trajectories that the wire follows on both sides of its width, measured parallel to its removal surface.
  • the axis of rotation of the path of a wire on the laying surface is normal to the plane tangent to the laying surface.
  • the application of a twist makes it possible to avoid the corrugations observed with the removal of untwisted wire, and this at the level of the constituent filaments of the wire or of each wire, when the material is made using several wires.
  • the composite material is made with a single wire having a substantially identical twist over its entire length or with a series of son having, between them and over their entire length, a substantially identical twist.
  • the Figure 2 presents two pictures: the Figure 2A has a preform obtained by depositing non-twisted yarns, whereas the Figure 2B has a preform obtained by removal of twisted son. In the second case, the preform obtained is more homogeneous and without undulation, since the twist makes it possible to obtain a homogeneity of the length of the filaments inside the wire.
  • a wire generally consists of a set of son or filaments and comprises, in general, in the case of carbon son, from 3,000 to 80,000 filaments, preferably from 12,000 to 24,000 filaments.
  • the reinforcement yarns used in the context of the invention are preferably made of a material chosen from carbon, ceramics, glasses, silicas, basalts or aramids, or any other material used in the field of composite materials, fibers can be natural or synthetic. Carbon is, however, particularly preferred.
  • Useful ceramics include silicon carbide and refractory oxides, for example, alumina and zirconia.
  • carbon threads of 3 to 24K are used.
  • the constituent fibers may be discontinuous, cracked or preferably continuous.
  • the son used generally have a cross section substantially circular (called round son) or, preferably, substantially parallelepipedal or elliptical (called flat son). These son have a certain width and thickness.
  • a flat wire that is to say before application of torsion, carbon 3K and a title of 200 tex of a title of 446 tex, a width of 2 to 5 mm, a flat thread of 12K with a title of 800tex, a width between 3 and 7mm, a carbon flat thread of 24K and a title of 1600 tex , a width of 5 to 12 mm, and a carbon flat wire of 24K and a title of 1040 tex, a width of 5 to 10 mm.
  • a carbon flat wire of 3,000 to 24,000 filaments will thus present the more often a width of 1 to 12 mm.
  • HR High Strength
  • IM Intermediate Module
  • a determined twist is applied to the wire before it is removed.
  • a twist may, for example, be achieved by means of a twister.
  • the bonding of the wire and the reorganization of the filaments inside the latter during its removal makes it possible to apply a different twist of one turn per path length.
  • a twist of 5 to 100 t / m, preferably 10 to 80 t / m may be applied.
  • a twist of 10 to 70 t / m, preferably 15 to 40 t / m will be applied; in the case of a carbon wire of 6K and 223 tex, a twist of 15 to 80t / m, preferably 50 to 70t / m will be applied, in the case of a carbon thread of 6K and 400 tex a twist of 15 to 80t / m, preferably 40 to 60t / m will be applied, in the case of a carbon wire of 12K and 446Tex, a twist of 10 to 80t / m, preferably 10 to 60t / m will be applied and, in the case of a carbon wire of 24K and 1040Tex, a twist of 10 to 40t / m, preferably 10 to 25t / m will be applied.
  • the width and title of the wire correspond either to the supplier's data, or preferably to the average calculated or measured width of the wire.
  • the minimum radius of the internal trajectory of the wire is determined as follows. We calculates over the entire trajectory of the wire, for each zone in which the trajectory on the removal surface is not rectilinear, the radius of the internal trajectory T 1 of the wire and we take the smallest radius obtained on all of these areas. When a series of son parallel to each other are deposited, simultaneously or successively, it will preferably be applied to each son a single twist.
  • the applied torsion will be adjusted by those skilled in the art as a function of the internal minimum radius (the smaller radius that the internal edges of the wire borrow) and the external maximum radius (greater radius that the outer edges of the wire take) that the present the son or son on all of the composite material to be made, spaces left free between two consecutive son, as well as the title of the wire and the desired carbon mass per unit area.
  • a sufficient twist will be applied to minimize or even eliminate the corrugations, but as little as possible in order to optimize the mechanical performance of the material obtained.
  • the material is made with a minimum of threads necessary to minimize the stitches
  • the same twist will preferably be applied to all the constituent threads composite material.
  • the torsion necessary to have a satisfactory deposit at the level of the path of the wire which has the minimum internal radius of curvature, this torsion being necessarily sufficient to obtain a ripple-free deposit in those portions of the path where the wire (or other wires) has an upper internal radius of curvature.
  • Particular attention will be paid to the absence of free spaces between the wires, and in particular to areas close to their maximum external radius.
  • the bond of the son on the deposition surface is achieved by bonding, thanks to a polymeric binder.
  • polymeric binder is meant a polymer composition containing a polymer or a mixture of polymers, in particular a thermoplastic polymer or a thermosetting system comprising or not a hardener and / or an accelerator.
  • the polymeric binder can be used either in just enough quantity to bind the yarns to the surface on which they are deposited, in an amount sufficient to also act as a matrix in the final composite: the binder then represents from 20 to 60%, preferably from 30 to 40% of the total mass of the fibrous reinforcement (that is to say reinforcing son + polymeric binder).
  • the polymeric binder may in particular be in the form of a powder, a film, a web or a thermofusible binding yarn.
  • the yarns used in the context of the invention may be dry before being deposited, that is to say that they are not impregnated, coated or associated with each other. to any polymeric binder prior to their passage through the twisting means, and preferably before they are removed. Indeed, advantageously, to better control the removal of the wire, it will be applied on a dry wire.
  • the twisted yarn consists essentially of fibers or filaments which represent at least 98% of its mass, the mass content of standard size may represent at most 2% of the yarn mass.
  • the polymeric binder is, for example, applied to the deposition surface, either upstream of the deposition, or as and when deposition. The dispensing surface can therefore be covered with a film, a veil or a polymer binder powder.
  • thermoplastic powder or a thermosetting powder or a mixture of both is used as the polymeric binder.
  • thermoplastic powders polyolefin, polyamide, polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulphide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or polyetherimide powders may be mentioned by way of non-limiting examples. (PEI), while among the thermosetting powders, it is possible to cite, by way of non-limiting examples, epoxy polymer powders with or without a hardening agent, phenol powders, polyester powders.
  • the method then provides for heating the deposition area of the reinforcing wire. This heating may be carried out, either at the point of removal of the reinforcing wire by a heating resistor integrated in the device for removing the wire, or by means of a radiating heat source directed towards the area where the reinforcing wire is deposited.
  • thermoplastic and thermosetting powders chosen from thermoplastic and thermosetting powders, optionally in a mixture, self-adhesive adhesives or hot-melt adhesives, thermoplastic and thermosetting sails, optionally mixed, requiring thermal activation.
  • a glue of the same chemical nature as the above powders, used in molten form also called "hot melt”.
  • This hot-melt resin is then deposited on the support, either as and when the reinforcement wire is removed and before the removal of the reinforcing wire, or during a previous step.
  • a polymeric binder a solution or a sprayable emulsion of at least one adhesive resin, such as, for example but not exclusively, a polyacrylic resin, polyvinyl or polyurethane.
  • thermoplastic yarn may be of any suitable nature and, for example but not exclusively, include a yarn of Polyamide, Polyolefin, Polyethersulfone (PES), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), Poly (Phenylene Sulfide) (PPS), or Polyetherimide (PEI) . It is also possible to use a polymeric binder intimately bonded to the reinforcing thread to form a hybrid reinforcing thread.
  • thermoplastic or thermosetting material for example of the phenoxy family, of the same nature as the thermoplastic yarns above, which will be mixed with filaments of thermoplastic material. reinforcement, which mixture will be spun to form a hybrid reinforcing thread.
  • the material according to the invention is of small thickness, its thickness corresponding to that of the wire (or son) twisted which constitutes it.
  • the reinforcing thread is preferably deposited continuously or, conversely, in discontinuous segments. It is advantageous, for example in the case of a removal of a spiral wire, to deposit the wire continuously, over the maximum length of the wire, so as to minimize or even avoid cut points.
  • a wire is deposited so as to form a spiral of twisted son, each turn being deposited edge to edge with the next.
  • Such an embodiment where the composite material is in the form of a disk is, for example, shown schematically, Figure 4 .
  • Such composite materials can be obtained by laying twisted wires on a non-planar surface, or preferably on a flat surface.
  • a pressure of between 0.01 bar and 30 bar will be applied to the reinforcement thread when it is deposited, and preferably between 0.1 bar and 1 bar.
  • the point of application of the reinforcing thread will be heated to a temperature of between 50 ° C and 450 ° C and preferably between 50 ° C and 150 ° C.
  • a spiral as shown in the schematic representation of the Figure 4 or in the photo of the Figure 5 with an internal diameter D i of 15 mm and an external diameter D e is produced by depositing a 200 tex 3K carbon thread (HTA 5131 from the company Tenax) twisted with a twist of 50 t / m.
  • the pitch p of deposit between 2 consecutive average paths is 0.98 mm.
  • the yarn is spirally deposited on a 15 g / m 2 powdered silicone paper with an epoxy resin containing a hardener (7 P160, from Akzo Nobel).
  • the preform obtained has a thickness of 0.2 mm.
  • the device schematized on the Figure 6 is implemented.
  • the wire F is brought without tension in the laying finger 1 in which a heating resistor 2 at a temperature of 300 ° C is integrated.
  • the yarn is applied to the surface by means of an applicator roll 3 having a radius of 2 mm with a contact pressure of 10 kPa.
  • the running speed of the wire is synchronized with the speed of advancement of the dispensing finger which is 20 mm / s. Downstream of the dispensing point, a cooling element 4 is applied to the wire so as to apply on the latter a pressure of 10KPa.
  • a spiral as shown in the schematic representation of the Figure 4 and presented partially on the photograph of the Figure 7 , of internal diameter Di 40 mm and outer diameter De is made by depositing 24K carbon wire of 1040 tex (T800S Toray company) twisted with a twist of 22 t / m.
  • the pitch p of removal between 2 consecutive average paths is 3.88 mm.
  • the wire is deposited in a spiral on an epoxy resin film (Hexply M21, from Hexcel) with a surface density of 72 g / m 2 .
  • the preform obtained has an average thickness of 0.25 mm.
  • a preform for reinforcing a door corner is carried out: on an angle of 90 °, a circular arc of internal diameter equal to 95 mm and external diameter equal to 475 mm is achieved by removal of carbon son of 12K and 446 tex (IM7-6000 Hexcel ) twisted with a twist of 30 t / m.
  • the deposit pitch the space between the median fibers of two consecutive threads, is 1.65 mm.
  • the removal is carried out on an epoxy resin film (Hexply 8552, from Hexcel) with a surface density of 72 g / m 2 .
  • the preform obtained has an average thickness of 0.25 mm.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs, wobei wenigstens ein Verstärkungsfaden auf eine Fläche, entlang einer wenigstens einen gekrümmten Bereich aufweisenden Bahn auf der Ablagefläche, aufgelegt wird, wobei der Verstärkungsfaden durch ein polymeres Bindemittel mit der Fläche verbunden wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstärkungsfaden vor seinem Auflegen derart verdrillt wird, daß die Längenunterschiede, die die äußersten Bahnen des Fadens auf beiden Seiten seiner parallel zur Ablagefläche gemessenen Breite aufweisen, wenigstens kompensiert werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstärkungsfaden vor seinem Auflegen trocken ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Verdrillung von 5 bis 100 tpm, vorzugsweise von 10 bis 80 tpm angelegt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    - entweder ein 3K-Carbonfaden mit 200 tex, der eine Verdrillung von 10 bis 70 tpm, vorzugsweise von 15 bis 40 tpm aufweist, aufgelegt wird, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 10 und 500 mm liegt,
    - oder ein 6K-Carbonfaden mit 223 tex, der eine Verdrillung von 15 bis 80 tpm, vorzugsweise von 50 bis 70 tpm aufweist, aufgelegt wird, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 10 und 500 mm liegt,
    - oder ein 6K-Carbonfaden mit 400 tex, der eine Verdrillung von 15 bis 80 tpm, vorzugsweise von 40 bis 60 tpm aufweist, aufgelegt wird, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 10 und 500 mm liegt,
    - oder ein 12K-Carbonfaden mit 446 tex, der eine Verdrillung von 10 bis 80 tpm, vorzugsweise von 10 bis 60 tpm aufweist, aufgelegt wird, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 10 und 500 mm liegt,
    - oder ein 24K-Carbonfaden mit 1040 tex, der eine Verdrillung von 10 bis 40 tpm, vorzugsweise von 10 bis 25 tpm aufweist, aufgelegt wird, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 20 und 150 mm liegt.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verbundwerkstoff durch Auflegen eines einzigen Fadens, der eine über seine gesamte Länge im wesentlichen identische Verdrillung aufweist, oder einer Reihe von Fäden, die untereinander sowie über ihre gesamte Länge eine im wesentlichen identische Verdrillung aufweisen, gebildet wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fläche, auf die der Verstärkungsfaden aufgelegt wird, ein temporärer Träger ist.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das polymere Bindemittel vorab oder mit zunehmendem Auflegen des Verstärkungsfadens auf die Fläche aufgebracht wird.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstärkungsfaden vor seinem Auflegen dem polymeren Bindemittel zugeordnet wird, das dessen Verbinden mit der Fläche, auf die er aufgelegt wird, sicherstellt.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstärkungsfaden aus einem Material besteht, das aus den folgenden Materialien ausgewählt ist: Kohlenstoff, Glas, Aramid, Siliciumdioxid, Keramik, Basalt und deren Mischungen.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das polymere Bindemittel ein duroplastisches Polymer, ein thermoplastisches Polymer oder eine Mischung aus den genannten Polymeren, eventuell in Pulverform, oder ein selbsthaftendes oder Hot-Melt-Harz umfaßt.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Masseprozentsatz an polymerem Bindemittel bezogen auf die Gesamtmasse des Verbundwerkstoffs (das heißt Verstärkungsfaden + polymeres Bindemittel) im Bereich zwischen 0,1 und 25 % und vorteilhafterweise zwischen 3 und 10 %, oder im Bereich zwischen 20 und 60 % und vorteilhafterweise zwischen 30 und 40 % liegt.
  12. Verbundwerkstoff, der wenigstens einen Verstärkungsfaden aufweist, der auf eine Fläche, entlang einer wenigstens einen gekrümmten Bereich aufweisenden Bahn auf der Ablagefläche, aufgelegt ist, wobei der Verstärkungsfaden durch ein polymeres Bindemittel mit der Fläche verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstärkungsfaden derart verdrillt ist, daß die Längenunterschiede, die die äußersten Bahnen des Fadens auf beiden Seiten seiner parallel zur Ablagefläche gemessenen Breite aufweisen, wenigstens kompensiert werden.
  13. Verbundwerkstoff nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einem einzigen Faden oder aus einer Reihe von Fäden besteht, die alle im wesentlichen die gleiche Zusammensetzung, Breite und Verdrillung aufweisen.
  14. Verbundwerkstoff nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einem einzigen oder aus einer Reihe von Verstärkungsfäden besteht, die jeweils einzeln mit einer Verdrillung von 5 bis 100 tpm, vorzugsweise von 10 bis 80 tpm verdrillt sind.
  15. Verbundwerkstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er gebildet ist aus:
    - entweder einem einzigen oder aus einer Reihe von 3K-Carbonfäden mit 200 tex, die eine Verdrillung von 10 bis 70 tpm, vorzugsweise von 15 bis 40 tpm aufweisen, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 10 und 500 mm liegt,
    - oder aus einem einzigen oder einer Reihe von 6K-Carbonfäden mit 223 tex, die eine Verdrillung von 20 bis 80 tpm, vorzugsweise von 50 bis 70 tpm aufweisen, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 10 und 500 mm liegt,
    - oder aus einem einzigen oder einer Reihe von 6K-Carbonfäden mit 400 tex, die eine Verdrillung von 20 bis 80 tpm, vorzugsweise von 40 bis 60 tpm aufweisen, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 10 und 500 mm liegt,
    - oder aus einem einzigen oder einer Reihe von 12K-Carbonfäden mit 446 tex, die eine Verdrillung von 10 bis 80 tpm, vorzugsweise von 10 bis 60 tpm aufweisen, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 10 und 500 mm liegt,
    - oder aus einem einzigen oder einer Reihe von 24K-Carbonfäden mit 1040 tex, die eine Verdrillung von 10 bis 40 tpm, vorzugsweise von 10 bis 25 tpm aufweisen, insbesondere wenn der Mindestinnenradius der Bahn des Fadens im Bereich zwischen 20 und 150 mm liegt.
  16. Verbundwerkstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einem einzigen verdrillten Faden besteht, der entlang von im wesentlichen zueinander parallelen Bahnen Seite an Seite aufgelegt ist, oder aus einer Reihe von verdrillten Fäden, die im wesentlichen parallel zueinander und aneinanderstoßend aufgelegt sind.
  17. Verbundwerkstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einer Spirale verdrillter Fäden besteht, wobei jede Windung Seite an Seite mit der nächsten aufgelegt ist.
  18. Verbundwerkstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstärkungsfaden aus einem Material besteht, das aus den folgenden Materialien ausgewählt ist: Kohlenstoff, Glas, Aramid, Siliciumdioxid, Keramik, Basalt und deren Mischungen.
  19. Verbundwerkstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das polymere Bindemittel ein duroplastisches Polymer, ein thermoplastisches Polymer oder eine Mischung aus den genannten Polymeren, eventuell in Form eines Pulvers, eines Films, eines Schleiers oder eines selbsthaftenden oder Hot-Melt-Harzes umfaßt.
  20. Verbundwerkstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gesamtmasseprozentsatz an polymerem Bindemittel bezogen auf die Gesamtmasse des Verbundwerkstoffs (das heißt Verstärkungsfaden + polymeres Bindemittel) im Bereich zwischen 0,1 und 25 % und vorteilhafterweise zwischen 3 und 10 %, oder im Bereich zwischen 20 und 60 % und vorteilhafterweise zwischen 30 und 40 % liegt
  21. Verbundwerkstoff nach Anspruch 12, der geeignet ist, nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 erhalten zu werden.
EP08805970A 2007-06-12 2008-06-10 Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundmaterials mit mindestens einem darin gewundenen faden Active EP2155476B1 (de)

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FR0755680A FR2917330B1 (fr) 2007-06-12 2007-06-12 Procede de fabrication d'un materiau composite dans lequel au moins un fil torsade est depose.
FR0756503A FR2918920B1 (fr) 2007-07-16 2007-07-16 Procede de fabrication de pieces composites presentant au moins une zone courbe
PCT/FR2008/051035 WO2008155504A2 (fr) 2007-06-12 2008-06-10 Procede de fabrication d ' un materiau composite dans lequel au moins un fil torsade est depose et materiau composite ainsi obtenu

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JP5562236B2 (ja) 2014-07-30
EP2152498B1 (de) 2019-05-29
BRPI0811456A2 (pt) 2014-11-04
CA2683606C (fr) 2015-11-24
BRPI0810698A2 (pt) 2014-10-21
WO2008155505A3 (fr) 2009-03-19
CA2683606A1 (fr) 2008-12-24
US20140165529A1 (en) 2014-06-19
BRPI0810698B1 (pt) 2019-09-03
BRPI0811456B1 (pt) 2018-11-27
WO2008155504A2 (fr) 2008-12-24
US8696850B2 (en) 2014-04-15
ATE524304T1 (de) 2011-09-15
ES2735146T3 (es) 2019-12-16
JP2010528909A (ja) 2010-08-26
CA2687830C (fr) 2015-11-24
JP5492768B2 (ja) 2014-05-14
US20100173143A1 (en) 2010-07-08
ES2373640T3 (es) 2012-02-07
US9702065B2 (en) 2017-07-11
JP2010528908A (ja) 2010-08-26
WO2008155505A2 (fr) 2008-12-24
US9702066B2 (en) 2017-07-11
EP2152498A2 (de) 2010-02-17

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