EP2148769A2

EP2148769A2 - Device for the production of concrete blocks and method for the production thereof

Info

Publication number: EP2148769A2
Application number: EP08736376A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rudolf Braungardt; Holger Stichel; Swen Dietrich
Original assignee: Kobra Formen GmbH
Current assignee: Kobra Formen GmbH
Priority date: 2007-04-23
Filing date: 2008-04-18
Publication date: 2010-02-03
Also published as: WO2008128993A3; DE102007019388A1; WO2008128993A2

Abstract

For a mold for the production of concrete blocks, an advantageous embodiment comprising a plastic material that cures in a dimensionally stable manner and a method for the production of said mold are provided.

Description

Device for producing concrete blocks and method for their production

The invention relates to a device for the production of concrete blocks and a method for their preparation.

Concrete blocks are typically machined by compacting and consolidating a concrete mix using molds having one or more mold cavities open at the top and bottom. The molds are held in a molding machine via a flange assembly having two flange strips disposed on opposite sides. The lower openings of the mold cavities are closed by a horizontal base, usually a vibrating table, optionally with the interposition of a stone board, wherein the mold is pressed onto the substrate. The substantially vertical pressure force is exerted on the flange. During a shaking operation for compacting the concrete amount, the pressing force can assume very high values. For demolding the solidified concrete blocks, the mold is lifted from the base and held in the raised position by the flange strips. The weight forces which occur as vertical forces are typically significantly lower than the pressure forces in the shaking operation.

In addition to one-piece rigid molds, embodiments are also known in which a mold insert, in which the mold cavities are formed, is held in a mold frame with the interposition of an elastically damping material. hold is. In embodiments known from EP 1509374 B1 or DE 2710642 A1, the mold frame and mold insert are separated from one another by surfaces that run vertically through a gap which runs around the mold insert and which is filled with elastic damping material. The damping material is unfavorably stressed to shear. The gap bridging security elements take on no pressure forces.

EP 730936 B1 describes a mold in which the mold insert and a mold frame which surrounds it on all sides engage with projections and depressions and plates of elastic damping material are inserted between oblique surfaces of the mold frame and mold insert. Such forms have proven themselves in the operation of stone production, but require extra care and thus increased effort in the production of the mold.

In the known forms with mold frame and mold insert of the mold frame is dimensionally stable in itself and contributes to opposite sides rigidly connected to the mold frame, z. B. welded flange strips. The frame can be provided on its upper side with a wear-exchangeable cover plate.

The present invention has for its object to provide an advantageous form with an elastically damped mold insert and a method for producing such a form. Solutions according to the invention are described in the independent claims. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements and developments of the invention.

The intermeshing of the plurality of anchoring structures with both the vertical direction and in the first horizontal direction bidirectionally form-fitting support of the anchoring structures on the at least one plastic body proves to be in the operation of the device. The term form-fit should be understood to mean that, when projected in the vertical or first horizontal direction, different ones of the anchoring structures overlap. The anchoring structures may comprise one or more retaining elements. In this case, in each of the holding arrangements, the forces which occur bidirectionally in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction during operation of the device are advantageously transmitted via the at least one plastic body, which is subjected to pressure in a partial area during each force load occurring. In contrast, the damping plates in EP 0 730 936 B1 can not absorb any forces which acts horizontally on a flange strip of the associated associated side of the mold insert.

Vertical and horizontal directions refer to the regular operating position of the mold in a horizontal-base forming machine. The first horizontal direction is the direction in which the flange strips are spaced on opposite sides of the mold insert and in which the flange strips and mold insert are opposite. The first horizontal cattle tion is also referred to below as the transverse direction. The orthogonal horizontal direction is also referred to as the longitudinal direction. Forces in the longitudinal direction are considered to be subordinate to forces in the vertical direction and in the transverse direction.

Advantageously, both in the vertical and in the first horizontal direction, at least one anchoring structure is arranged between holding elements of one or more other anchoring structures and separated therefrom by the at least one plastic body.

In an advantageous embodiment, the holding arrangement can contain, in addition to the first and the second anchoring structure, further anchoring structures or holding elements. In particular, it can be provided that first and second anchoring structures are not necessarily formed interlocking in the vertical and / or first horizontal direction and the force flow over at least one further anchoring structure between the first and second anchoring structure, wherein in each case between the first and further anchoring structure and further and second anchoring structure the at least one or more plastic bodies lie as connecting bodies and, depending on the forces occurring, the force flow extends over portions of the connecting body or bodies subjected to pressure.

The plastic body is preferably formed as a plastic cast body, which is angegossen from a liquid phase to the anchoring structures and solidified there. Possible slight alignment errors between The anchoring structures are irrelevant and the introduction of the plastic from a liquid phase allows great freedom in the design of the anchoring structures. The plastic body is preferably made of polyurethane, optionally with additives.

Advantageously, at least one holding element of at least one anchoring structure in a plane spanned by the vertical and first horizontal direction is completely surrounded by the at least one plastic body and preferably embedded in the latter. Preferably, at least two retaining elements of different anchoring structures are embedded in a common plastic body.

Due to the positive support in the vertical and in the first horizontal direction, torques can advantageously be intercepted, for which advantageously the force flow between the first and second anchoring structure extends through two spaced, in particular vertically spaced, portions of the at least one connecting body. For this purpose, the holding arrangement can in particular contain two sub-holding arrangements arranged essentially vertically one above the other, whereby a large lever arm for intercepting torques about the longitudinal direction can be achieved with a small installation depth in the transverse direction.

The interception of torques in the holding arrangement with the power flow over two pressure-loaded portions of the at least one plastic body or more plastic body is in a preferred embodiment to the effect exploited that is dispensed with a stable rigid frame of the type used in the cited prior art and the stabilization of the flange is guaranteed against rotation about the longitudinal direction by such a support. By dispensing with a rigid mold frame results in a significant reduction in weight and material savings. Advantageously, similar first anchoring structures, including the flange strips connected to these as flange components, can be kept in stock, and in a preferred embodiment, identical flange components can be combined with different mold inserts. A connection düng the opposite in the transverse direction arranged flange strips on connection arrangements, in particular to train in the longitudinal direction loaded elements, is not excluded.

In an advantageous embodiment, the first and / or second anchoring structure can be subdivided into a plurality of substructures in the longitudinal direction and in particular can be arranged interleaved with one another with alternately successive holding elements. Advantageously, a further anchoring structure with the first and the second anchoring structure with positive support with interposition of at least one plastic body engage and cause an indirect form-fitting support between the first and second anchoring structure.

In an advantageous embodiment, the holding arrangement may comprise at least one rod-shaped holding element, which is preferably aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction and firmly connected to the first or second anchoring structure. which may be or which may preferably be part of or form an additional anchoring structure which is in positive engagement with the first and second anchoring structures. The at least one rod-shaped element may be particularly advantageous in the assembly by being inserted in the longitudinal direction, after first and second anchoring structure in the transverse direction and / or in the vertical direction relative to each other in the intended position.

The execution of at least one connecting body as a plastic cast body, which is cast on the anchoring structures and preferably surrounds at least one holding element of the anchoring structures circumferentially is particularly advantageous for the production of the connection between flange and mold insert, as this small manufacturing tolerances without further influence on the Behavior in operation can be easily compensated by the introduced in the liquid phase in at least two anchoring structures at least partially encapsulating mold filled the space between the anchoring structures as given and small variations in the material thickness of the plastic between the anchoring structures usually insignificant for the function of the Remain connecting body. Advantageously, similar first anchoring structures, including the flange strips, can be kept prepared as flange components in stock, and in a preferred embodiment, identical flange components can be combined with different mold inserts. The first anchoring structure may form a one-piece homogeneous body with the flange, which z. B. made by milling, flame cutting, drilling of a metal block. Preferably, the first anchoring structure and the flange strip are parts of a welded construction. The first anchoring structure may advantageously comprise a plurality of upright plates with surface normals parallel to the longitudinal direction, which advantageously have openings for the passage of at least one rod-shaped element in the longitudinal direction.

The second anchoring structures may be integrally formed homogeneously with the mold insert, for. B. by milling, drilling, flame cutting a metal block. Preferably, at least parts of the second anchoring structure are connected by welding directly or indirectly to the mold insert. In a special construction of the mold insert with transverse walls parallel to the intermediate walls in the form of sheets or plates, these plates or plates may project beyond the Flanschleiste facing outer wall of the mold insert and in these protruding sections advantageously have churchupt openings for performing at least one rod-shaped support member in the longitudinal direction and / or serve as a carrier for holding elements.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, both first and second anchoring structures comprise at least one row, preferably vertically spaced, two rows of first and second pipe sections, respectively, with pipe axes parallel to the longitudinal direction, which are each held on plate sections and firmly connected to the flange or mold insert. The first pipe sections of the first anchoring structures are arranged in series with and alternately with the second pipe sections of the second anchoring structures, and a rod-shaped element is inserted through the aligned pipe sections and spaced from the inner walls of the pipe sections, while the spaces between the rod-shaped element and the pipe walls are poured with plastic in the liquid phase. After solidifying the plastic to one or more plastic castings, the rod-shaped element is held in a defined position within the pipe sections and supported in the transverse direction and in the vertical direction against the inner walls under pressure loading of the plastic. The rod-shaped element, which is dimensionally stable in itself, causes an indirect form-fitting support between the first and second pipe sections. The thickness of the plastic layer as the radius difference between the rod-shaped element and the inner walls of the pipe sections is advantageously less than the diameter, in particular less than the radius of the rod-shaped element. Advantageously, the radius difference is greater than 10% of the inner diameter of the pipe sections.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to preferred embodiments in detail. Showing:

Fig. 1 is an assembly of components of an inventive

Shape, Fig. 2 shows the components of FIG. 1 in their relative position in the finished

Shape,

3 components of FIG. 1 in a mold open on one side,

4 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 3 with a view of the closed side of the casting mold, FIG.

5 shows a section through the mold in the casting mold in a first vertical sectional plane,

6 shows a section through the firm in the casting mold in a second vertical sectional plane,

Fig. 7 shows a section through the finished mold in a horizontal

Cutting plane through the flange strips,

8 is a view as in Fig. 6 to a design with cover plate,

9 shows a further embodiment of a first anchoring structure,

10 shows a mold insert for coupling to the anchoring structure according to FIG. 9, FIG.

11 shows a mold with components according to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is a view to FIG. 11 in the transverse direction on the holding arrangement,

13 is a variant of FIG. 9,

14 shows a mold insert of low height,

FIG. 15 shows a flange arrangement suitable for FIG. 14, FIG.

16 shows a mold with components according to FIGS. 14 and 15,

17 shows a preferred embodiment of a first anchoring structure,

18 shows a mold insert with a matched to FIG. 17 second anchoring structure,

19 is an assembly drawing to Fig. 17 and 18,

20 shows a mold with components according to FIGS. 17 and 18,

21 is a sectional view of FIG. 19 looking in the transverse direction on the holding arrangement,

22 is an enlarged detail XXII of FIG. 21, FIG. 23 shows a representation of a casting mold, FIG.

FIG. 24 shows the casting mold on a holding arrangement, FIG.

25 shows an alternative to Fig. 18 mold insert,

FIG. 26 variants with overlapping pipe sections, FIG.

Fig. 27 is a holding arrangement with additional screw.

Fig. 1 shows an assembly of components to an advantageous embodiment of the invention in the manner of an exploded view. The following FIGS. 2 to 7 show the components in assembled position in a mold and / or in a finished form. It is to distinguish between the mold according to the invention for the production of concrete blocks and a mold used in the production of such a mold for the formation of plastic bodies as part of the mold for the production of concrete blocks. In the figures, in each case coordinates of a rectangular xyz coordinate system are drawn in, wherein in the normal operating position of such a shape the x and y directions are horizontal and the z direction is vertically aligned. The y-direction is also referred to as a first horizontal direction or as a transverse direction and the x-direction as a longitudinal direction. The mold according to the invention for the production of concrete blocks in the preferred embodiment contains as a central component a mold insert FE, in which a plurality of upwardly and downwardly open mold cavities FN are formed. The mold cavities are bounded laterally by longitudinal walls LW extending in the x direction in the example outlined, and transverse walls QW extending in the y direction. The longitudinal walls LW and the transverse walls QW can advantageously be designed as sheets or plates, which are inserted into one another via projections and / or cutouts and advantageously can be welded together. In the upper edges of the longitudinal walls LW recesses KA may be slit-shaped, which serve to accommodate the mold cavities FN bridging core holder strips. At the core holder strips mold cores are fixed in a known manner, which cause the production of cavities in the concrete blocks to be produced.

On opposite sides of the mold in the y-direction flange assemblies FA are provided, which are coupled in a manner to be described with the mold insert force-transmitting and which serve to clamp the mold via a flange bar FL in a molding machine in a conventional manner.

The flange assemblies FA each have a substantially horizontally flat flange strip FL, from which extends in the direction of the mold insert FE a connection structure FV as a first anchoring structure. The connection structure FV of the flange assembly FA has in the example sketched a vertical connection plate FP1 and at the top End of a horizontal connecting plate FP2 as holding elements. The design of the connection structure FV is accessible in a variety of variants. In the connection structure FV extending in yz planes incisions FU are introduced, which are aligned with facing away from the mold insert FE in the direction of the flange assemblies plate sections VU, which lie in vertical yz planes. When joining the components, the plate sections VU are in the recesses FU a.

A second anchoring structure fixedly connected to the mold insert contains plate sections VU pointing from the mold insert FE in the direction of the flange arrangements FA. The plate sections VU and these parallel plate sections VA, which lie in the x-direction outside the range of the flange assemblies FA, are advantageously made in one piece with the transverse walls QW of the mold insert from flat sheet metal blanks. In the plate sections VA, VU openings BV, for example introduced in the form of holes, the holes BV are aligned in alignment with one another in the x-direction plate sections VU and VA. Rods QS can be guided in the longitudinal direction x through the holes BV, wherein the implementation of the rods QS can be done by the holes BV with little lateral play, in particular in the manner of a fit, or play. The bars QS and the plate sections VU form second anchoring structures on the opposite sides of the mold insert in the y direction as counter-structures to the connecting structures FV of the flange arrangements. At opposite sides of the mold insert in the x-direction holding structures TL are provided, which are fastened to the in each case in the x-direction transverse walls QW, in particular screwed. The support structures TL consist in the example outlined of several support pieces LT, through which rods LS are passed through in the y-direction.

The bars LS of the holding structures TL and the bars QS in the plate sections VA, VU and the flange assemblies VA can be precisely aligned with each other via common corner pieces EV. The corner pieces EV can for this purpose contain holes for the ends of the respective bars LS and QS. The holding structures TL are subordinate or insignificant for the power transmission between flange strips and mold insert.

FIG. 1 also shows clamping devices KG which cooperate with clamping pieces KS in order to fasten the core holder strips to the mold in a simple and reliable manner. The clamping devices KG are accessible in the finished form from below and supported vertically upwards. Screws present in the clamping devices engage in the clamping pieces KS from below, and when tightening the screws, the clamping pieces KS are pulled downwards. In the clamping pieces KS slots are formed, in which the ends of the core holder strips inserted and secured by running in the x direction holding elements, such as dowel pins or the like. The clamping pieces KS are advantageously guided in vertical guides. Fig. 2 shows the components shown in exploded view in Fig. 1 in their mutual alignment in a finished form, wherein the plastic body, which has the finished shape along the outer walls of the mold insert, for the sake of clarity not drawn in this figure are. In Fig. 2 core holder strips KH are additionally indicated with broken lines.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the bars LS and QS complement each other via the corner connectors EV to form a circumferential frame around the mold insert FE, wherein because of the subordinate or not given importance of the bars LS for the power transmission between mold insert and flange such a peripheral frame is not mandatory.

The connecting structure FV of the flange strip assembly FL accommodates in its slot-shaped recesses FU the plate-shaped extensions VU of the mold insert, through whose bores BV in turn the rods QS are guided in the x direction. The substructures FP1 and FP2 of the connection structure FV thus intervene in the spatial counterstructure formed by the transverse rods QS such that the connection structure FV and the rods QS do not touch each other, but in the z direction and preferably also in the y direction an intermeshing of connection structure FV and given by the bars QS counter structure is given. The nature of the mesh is further illustrated by further figures. FIG. 3 shows the components according to FIG. 1 in their relative orientation according to FIG. 2 within a casting mold which is characterized by transverse mold walls QF elongated in the x direction in the transverse direction y and by longitudinal mold walls LF elongated in the y direction in the longitudinal direction x limited. The transverse molding wall facing the viewer is omitted in FIG. 3 for illustration purposes.

Not included in the mold are the clamping devices KG and the clamping pieces KS, which are replaced by placeholder parts KD. 4 shows a corresponding view of the casting mold with inserted components from a view with the viewer facing closed transverse mold wall QF, on which a special casting mold FF is formed for the flange assembly.

The individual components of Fig. 1 are aligned and fixed in the mold in the intended for the finished form of FIG. 2 relative mutual position, in particular the flange assemblies FA are held separately and aligned in the mold, since the connection structures FV by the rods QS should not touch formed counter structures.

A casting volume of the mold is bounded by the mold walls LF, QF to the outside and by the mold insert FE inside and forms a substantially rectangular, annular volume around the mold insert FE. The pouring volume can be easily downwardly through a support surface on which softens the mold and possibly against it braced or is pressed, limited. The casting volume may be bounded above by a cover plate, but may also remain open.

The casting volume of the casting mold is completely filled with a flowable plastic mass, which in particular also flows around the holding structures with the holding structures TL and the interlocking connecting structures FV and counter-structures with the bars QS on all sides. The plastic compound solidifies in the mold, for example by polymerization. As the plastic, a polyurethane is preferably used. Additives, for example in the form of fibers, may be added to the plastics material to influence the mechanical properties.

The plastic mass solidified in the casting mold forms a plastic body which surrounds the mold insert in an annular manner and can advantageously fulfill two functions.

On the one hand, and above all, the plastic body now forms a form-fitting support which is suitable for transferring the high forces between the flange strip and the mold insert in particular by virtue of the fact that the initially free space between the not directly contacting connecting structures FV and rods QS passes completely through after production of the plastic body the solidified plastic mass has been filled in and the force flow is offset by all the forces which are directed to a relative change in position of the flange arrangement FA and the mold insert FE via the plastic mass between the connection elements which are considered to be rigidly connected to the flange strips FL. structures FV on the one hand and in the y- and z-direction to be regarded as rigidly connected to the mold insert rods QS on the other hand. With the exception of remaining by a residual elastic deformability of the plastic material low mobility, the extent of which can be determined by the choice of plastic material, thus flange assembly and mold insert are considered to be rigid but damped by the plastic material interconnected, said remaining low mobility to simple and particularly advantageous manner, on the one hand ensures a stable mounting of Flanschanordnungen and mold insert and dampens the other occurring force peaks by the flexibility of the plastic material.

In FIG. 5, the relative position of the connection structures FV with plates FP1, FP2 relative to the counter-structures of the rods QS is still illustrated on a sketch as a section through a potted form. The force transferring function between connecting structures FV and transverse bars QS plastic body is called KQ. The plastic body KQ or its material portions located between the connecting structure FV and the bars QS prevent any translatory movement of the flange arrangement relative to the mold insert in both the y-direction and in the z-direction and moreover reliably prevent the flange arrangement from rotating relative to the Bars QS about a perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 5 extending in the x direction tilt axis. Forces between the connection structure and the rods QS are each reliable by stress of parts of the plastic material to pressure and without destruction transferred the plastic material. In all of the force components occurring in the y- and / or z-direction, partial regions of the plastic body are subjected to pressure and can therefore be subjected to high loads, with such partial regions also being spatially spaced apart in a yz plane. This applies in particular both to pure translatory forces and to torques which occur in particular with high values in shaking operation and result from the lateral offset of the clamping point of the flange strip in relation to the support of the lower level UE of the mold insert on a vibratory support.

In Fig. 5 with broken line and a transverse mold wall QF and the formwork FF to the flange strip FL is located. It can be seen that in the embodiment sketched, plastic material KF is also applied to the edge of the flange strip FL pointing horizontally outwards. This communicates with the plastic body KQ advantageously not shown in Fig. 5 channels, apertures, etc. through the flange in combination.

Another function of the plastic body produced in the mold can be in the sketched example, to produce in an area laterally outside the outer longitudinal walls and transverse walls of the mold insert an upper surface OK, which is aligned with the upper boundary plane OE of the mold insert. In the example of FIG. 5, this top surface is formed by the surface of the plastic body KQ itself. In the sketched embodiment, the plastic body KQ extends to the flange of the outside facing the mold insert down to the lower boundary plane UE of the mold insert, with which the mold insert on a support, in particular a vibrating table or between a see vibrating table and mold insert inserted stone board placed and can be pressed, wherein such a base closes the lower openings of the mold cavities FN. In a manner known per se, wet concrete amount is poured into the mold cavity FN closed at the bottom and pressure plates are sunk through the upper openings into the mold cavities and press on the concrete amount, which is subjected to vibrating movements during a vibrating operation and is rapidly compacted and solidified. The still moist, but dimensionally stable concrete blocks produced in the mold cavities by compacting the concrete amount are removed from the mold cavity by relative vertical movement of the mold and underlay through the lower openings of the mold cavities and removed from the molding machine.

In Fig. 6 is a sectional view in an xz plane represented by the shape from which the position of the bars LS of the holding arrangements TL relative to the transverse walls QW of the mold insert and the longitudinal line LF of the mold still shown with a broken line can be seen. The bars LS are in turn completely surrounded by plastic material, wherein the plastic body is designated in this sectional sketch with KL. The plastic body denoted by KQ in FIG. 5 and the plastic body denoted by KL in FIG. 6 are connected in one piece via the corners of the mold to form a uniform annular plastic body around the mold insert. Due to the firm Kung of the plastic body KL in the respect to the mold insert fixed holding arrangements with bars LS, the upper surface is OK of the plastic body KL reliably aligned in a defined relative position to the mold insert, in particular its upper boundary plane OE.

The molded body KL is tapered in its lower region towards the mold insert, for which purpose a wedge-shaped insert FK is used in the casting mold. In Fig. 6 is in the plan view of a longitudinal wall LW of the mold insert and the position of the recesses KA for receiving the core holder strips from the upper edge of the mold walls QW forth.

Fig. 7 shows in vertical direction a section through a finished shape in a sectional plane VII-VII as in Fig. 5 registered at the level of the flange strips FL. The sketch clearly shows the closed around the mold insert plastic body with sections KL of FIG. 6 and KQ of FIG. 5 and the casing of the flange FL with a portion KF of the plastic body. The partial body KL of the plastic body is cut in its already tapered lower area. The positions of the recesses GA produced by the governors KD in the plastic body, in which the clamping devices KG can be inserted from below, are also clearly recognizable. In Fig. 7 also cutting planes V-V to the sketch of FIG. 5 and Vl-Vl to the sketch of FIG. 6 are located.

8, an alternative embodiment is sketched in a corresponding to FIG. 6 Dar position. This differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. leadership in that on the plastic body KL (and preferably also KQ) formed upper surface is not formed by the plastic of the plastic body KL itself, but by a metallic wear plate DB mounted on this. For this purpose, fastening elements, in particular screw bushes SH, are embedded in the plastic body KL against which the cover plate DB is screwed by means of screws SC. For the production of the mold is advantageously placed with the upper boundary plane OE of the mold insert facing down on a base and the cover plate DB with screws SC or a governor for the cover plate and screwed threaded bushings SH in the mold below between outer walls of the mold insert and mold walls the mold is inserted and the flowable plastic material is introduced from the upwardly facing lower boundary plane UE of the mold insert forth in the annular casting volume of the mold.

9 shows two oblique views of a further first anchoring structure FV9 as seen from the side of the flange strip in FIG. 9 (A) and from the mold insert side in FIG. 9 (B). The anchoring structure FV9 may in particular be a milled part. The anchoring structure FV9 includes a plate LP9 whose plane of the plate is substantially parallel to an xz plane and from which first bodies PA9 project toward the side of the flange ledge and second bodies PI9 projecting towards the side of the mold insert, which are substantially in the form of vertically extending plates or strips and reach up to a cover plate DP9. Beyond the cover plate, there is a running rail WS integrated into the anchoring structure FV9 for a loading car. The LP9 plate has surface openings AE9, which extend in a substantially slot-shaped manner in the vertical direction. In the strip-shaped bodies PA9 bores BA9 extending in the longitudinal direction x and bores BI9 are introduced in the longitudinal direction x in the strip-like projections PI9, wherein a plurality of such holes are arranged one above the other in each of the bodies PA9, PI9 and the bores of bodies PA9 following one another in the longitudinal direction x or PI9 are aligned with each other. In the plate LP9 additionally holes BQ9 and openings FS9 can be provided.

The first anchoring structure sketched in FIG. 9 is advantageously welded to a flange strip, wherein the flange strip rests against the lower edges of the body PI9 facing the flange strip and against the lower section of the side of the plate LP9 facing the flange strip. As a result, a stable welded connection of the flange strip with the anchoring structure can be ensured. The separate production of flange and anchoring structure significantly reduces the material removal by milling compared to a one-piece production of flange and anchoring structure by milling from a block considerably.

Fig. 10 shows a mold insert FE9 with a plurality of mold cavities FN, which is similar to the mold insert shown in Fig. 1 in the longitudinal direction x extending wall plates ALW, ZLW and constructed in the transverse direction wall plates AQW, ZQW, which are interconnected at crossing points , The transverse wall panels AQW, ZQW protrude beyond the peripheral, longitudinal x extending outer panels. Wall plate ALW with plate sections QP9 addition. Holes EA9 and EI9, which are distributed in yz-planes corresponding to the distribution of bores BI9, BA9 in the strip-shaped bodies PI9 and PA9, respectively, of the first anchoring structure sketched in FIG. 9, are again aligned with one another in longitudinal direction in these projecting plate sections QP9. The plate sections QP9 with the holes EA9, EI9 form the second anchoring structure of a holding arrangement.

The assembly including the first anchoring structure and the flange bar is coupled to the second anchoring structure formed by the plate sections QP9 and the bores therein by passing the plate sections QP9 through the slots AE9 of the first anchoring structure plate LP9 and positioning them Bores of holes BI9 are aligned with the axes of holes EI9 and the holes of holes BA9 are aligned with the holes of holes EA9. The diameters of the bores BA9, BI9, EA9 and EI9 are assumed to be essentially the same size without restricting generality.

In the aligned relative position of the first and second anchoring structure rod-shaped elements ST9 are inserted along the aligned bore axes whose outer diameter is smaller than the diameter of the aligned bores. The rod-shaped elements ST9 are thereby positioned so that they are not in contact with the inner walls of the holes BA9, BI9 of the first anchoring structure and the holes EI9, EA9 of the plate sections QP9 of the second anchoring structure. For this purpose, for example, the rod-shaped elements ST9 set in the marginal plate sections QA9 in centered position, in particular screwed. The determination can also be made about elastic, in particular rubber-elastic elements, in particular rings around the rod-shaped EIe- elements. The rod-shaped elements ST9 form holding elements of a further anchoring structure, which engages both the bores BA9, BI9 with the first anchoring structure and via the bores EA9, EI9 with the second anchoring structure. In the longitudinal direction x, strip-shaped bodies PA9, PI9 of the first anchoring structure and plate sections QP9 of the second anchoring structure follow alternately and spaced apart from one another.

In the relative position of the plurality of anchoring structures sketched in FIG. 11, a casting space containing the first, the second and the further anchoring structure, which is closed off by a casting mold (not shown), is poured out with a plastic material in the liquid phase.

12 (A) shows a sectional view through FIG. 12 in an xz-sectional plane through the longitudinal axes of the bores BI9, EI9 as viewed in the y-direction from the mold insert. In Fig. 12 (A), the section is shown over the entire length of the anchoring structure. Fig. 12 (B) shows an enlarged marginal detail. The rod-shaped elements ST9, which are preferably rods with a circular cross-section, run within the holes BI9 with a circumferential radial gap SF9 and within the holes EI9 with a circumferential radial gap SE9 and correspondingly with radial gaps in FIG invisible holes EA9, BA9. In the process of casting the connecting body, the annular gaps SF9, SE9 are filled with plastic, which surrounds the rod-shaped elements ST9 and fills the space between them and the holes. In this way, the rod-shaped elements are positively supported via the plastic against the bores BI9, BA9 in the linear bodies PI9, PA9 of the first anchoring structures and spaced longitudinally x positively over the plastic against the holes EI9, EA9 of the plate sections QP9 of the second anchoring structure. For each direction of force in a yz-plane, the positive support of the rod-shaped elements ST9 takes place by pressure loading of a portion of the plastic radially between the rod-shaped elements ST9 and the respective holes. Due to the spatial distribution of the bores and the rod-shaped elements within yz-planes, a stable support is provided at the same time against torques acting around a tilting axis parallel to the longitudinal direction x. The support is always carried out in the context of deformability of the plastic in an elastically damped way. Advantageously, in the course of the power flow from the flange strip to the mold insert, an elastically damped bearing is placed twice successively in the annular gaps SF9 and the annular gaps SE9. The radial thickness of the annular gaps SF9, SE9 is advantageously smaller than the diameter, in particular smaller than the radius of the rod-shaped elements.

Although in the x-direction opposite free ends of the rod-shaped elements ST9 are held in the marginal plate sections QA9 centered in the holes of these plate sections QA9, but due to the relatively good mobility of the free ends does not significantly affect the damped mounting of the rod-shaped elements. The centering can also be effected by elastic elements, which are then advantageously not harder than the plastic of the plastic body.

FIG. 13 shows an alternative embodiment of a first anchoring structure to FIG. 9 (A), which differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 9 (A) in that the sections of the plate LP9 between the slots AE9 and the linear bodies PI9, PA9 are gone. The given in the execution of the first anchoring structure of FIG. 9 at the locations of the plate openings FS9 material connection of the plastic body is thereby extended to a large area connection between the strip-shaped body BA9, BI9 replacing transversely facing plate portions QP3 in the embodiment of FIG.

Fig. 14 shows a mold insert with a low overall height, for example, for the production of large-format floor slabs in the area. The mold insert may advantageously be made entirely including holding members HE4 of a second anchoring structure by flame cutting and milling of a one-piece steel plate. In the holding elements HE4 of the second anchoring structure bores BE4 are introduced in alignment in the y-direction continuously, wherein in each of the two second anchoring structures two bore axes are adjacent in the y-direction. 15 shows a flange arrangement with two flange strips and first anchoring structures, which are matched to the second anchoring structures on the mold insert FE4 according to FIG. 14. The second anchoring structures contain holding elements HF4, into which holes BF4 extending continuously in the y-direction are introduced. As indicated in one of the first anchoring structures, analogous to the embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 12, rod-shaped elements ST4 can be inserted through the aligned bores.

16 shows an assembled form in which the interlocking of the first anchoring structures with holding elements HE4 and the second anchoring structures with holding elements HE4 can be seen. The engaging in the bores of the first and second anchoring structures rod-shaped elements are covered by the holding elements. In a manner corresponding to the preceding example, annular gaps between the rod-shaped elements ST4 and the holes BE4 in the retaining elements HE4 of the second anchoring structures or the bores BF4 in the retaining elements HF4 of the first are produced in the production of the plastic body by introducing a plastic material in liquid form Anchoring structures filled with the plastic, which forms there solidifying positive locking supports in all directions of force of yz planes after solidification.

While, in the example according to FIGS. 8 to 12, the spacing of the bores between alternately successive holding elements of the first and the second anchoring structures is relatively large and, in particular, greater as the length of the bores in one or both anchoring structures, it is provided in the example according to FIGS. 14 to 16 that the spacings of the holding elements HF4 of the first anchoring structures and of the holding elements HE4 of the second anchoring structures in the longitudinal direction x are very short. This takes into account, inter alia, the fact that only two rod-shaped elements ST4 are provided per holding arrangement in the example according to FIGS. 14 to 16.

The arrangement of two bore axes each with its own rod-shaped element in each holding arrangement results in turn in each holding arrangement a reliable support against torques about a tilt axis parallel to the longitudinal direction x.

In the example according to FIGS. 14 to 16, advantageously, the first anchoring arrangement with holding elements HF4 and the flange strip FL can be produced in one piece by cutting firing and supplementary milling, drilling cost-effectively and with low material removal.

17 shows a preferred embodiment with a first anchoring arrangement on a flange strip FL7. The anchoring arrangement is preferably designed as a welded construction and contains the flange strip FL7 via plates P7 firmly connected pipe sections RF7. The pipe sections RF7 are inserted into openings of plates P7 and fixed there, in particular welded. The plates P7 are firmly connected to the flange strip F7, again preferably welded to it. The plates P7 lie with their plat- surfaces substantially parallel to yz planes. The pipe sections RF7 are arranged in two groups along two pipe axes RA0 and RAU parallel to the longitudinal direction x. Each group advantageously contains consecutively in the longitudinal direction x and with their respective tube axes in alignment with one another a plurality of tube sections RF7. There are gaps between longitudinally consecutive pipe sections. The pipe sections advantageously have breakthroughs DR7 in their pipe walls.

The arrangement outlined in FIG. 17 additionally includes lateral plates LP7 and a cover plate DP7 lying on their upper edges and the upper edges of the plates P7 and welded thereto, as well as a guide strip WS7 for a filling carriage.

FIG. 18 shows a mold insert FE8 which is constructed on the same principle as the mold inserts FE according to FIG. 1 or FE9 according to FIG. In particular, again as components of a second anchoring arrangement plate sections QP8 are arranged projecting from an outer side of the mold insert in the direction of the flange strips. In sections through these plate sections QP8 pipe sections RE8 are used and in particular in yz direction firmly connected to these plate sections, preferably welded. The interior of the pipe sections RE8, as well as the interior of the pipe sections RF7, forms continuous passages through the planes of the plates QP8 and P7, respectively. The pipe sections RE8 are again cursed in two groups along two pipe axes RO8, RU8, each within a group. aligned with each other. The relative position of the tube axes RU8, RO8 is equal to the relative position between the tube axes RU7, RO7.

Fig. 20 shows a composite of the components of FIG. 19 form. In this case, it is also possible to provide rod-shaped elements SQ8 extending again in the transverse direction y between the anchoring structures opposing each other in the transverse direction.

21 shows a section through the arrangement according to FIG. 20 in an xz-sectional plane containing the two tube axes, from which it can be seen that the tube sections RF7 held in the plates P7 on the one hand and the tube sections RE8 held in the plate sections QP8 on the other hand in the longitudinal direction are spaced apart and that the rod-shaped elements ST8 are guided through the alternately successive pipe sections RF7, RE8. Circumferential annular gaps SP7 are formed between the rod-shaped elements ST8 and the tube sections RF7, and annular gaps SP8 are formed between the rod-shaped elements ST8 and the tube sections RE8.

FIG. 19 shows the component according to FIG. 17 with the first anchoring structure and the mold insert according to FIG. 18 with the second anchoring structure in the assembled position together with rod-shaped elements ST8. The first and the second anchoring arrangement are positioned relative to each other during further assembly so that the tube axes RU7 and RU8 are aligned with each other and also the tube axis RO7 with the tube axis RO8. In fixed in this relative position of the first and second anchoring structure components the rod-shaped elements ST8 along the tube axes RU7 / RO8 and RO7 / RU8 inserted in the longitudinal direction x and fixed in a position in which the rod-shaped elements are radially spaced from the inner walls of the pipe sections RF7, RE8 and opposite these circumferential annular palte form , After attaching one or more molds, which surround the pipe sections RF7, RE8 and determine one or more completed casting rooms, plastic is introduced in liquid form into the casting rooms and solidified in this to one or more plastic bodies. The solidified plastic fills inter alia the annular gaps between the rod-shaped elements ST8 and the inner walls of the pipe sections RF7, RE8 and forms a positive support between the rod-shaped elements ST8 and the pipe sections, so that a force flow between the flange strip FL and the mold insert on the plates P7, the pipe sections RF7, a first plastic portion between the pipe sections RF7 and the rod-shaped elements ST8, the rod-shaped elements ST8 itself, a second plastic portion in the annular gaps between the rod-shaped elements ST8 and the pipe sections RE8, the pipe sections RE8 and Plate sections QP8 results. The flange strip is therefore stable again and is elastically damped against the mold insert via the plastic subregions. In particular, the tubular axes RU7 / RU8 and RO7 / RO8, which are spaced apart from one another transversely to the longitudinal direction, in turn provide a stable support against torques occurring during operation about a tilting axis parallel to the longitudinal direction x. FIG. 22 shows, in a sectional plane corresponding to FIG. 21, a detail of a holding arrangement after completion of at least one cast body. In the example sketched, separate cast bodies GKO are formed on an upper part holding arrangement and GKU on a lower part holding arrangement. The upper part-holding arrangement includes the group of pipe sections RF7 of the first anchoring arrangement and RE8 of the second anchoring arrangement lined up along the upper pipe axis RO7 / RO8 and a rod-shaped element ST8 introduced into the pipe sections along the pipe axis RO7 / RO8, the lower part holding arrangement comprising correspondingly, the tube sections RF7 of the first anchoring structure and RE8 of the second anchoring structure arranged in an alternating manner along the lower tube axis RU7 / RU8 and, in turn, a rod-shaped element ST8 introduced along the tube axis RU7 / RU8.

The cast bodies GKO, GKU respectively fill the annular gaps surrounding the respective tube axes between the rod-shaped element and the inner walls of the tube sections and, in the example shown, extend in the longitudinal direction x over all tube sections along the rod-shaped element. But it can with axial separation of the casting rooms, z. B. at the spaced opposite end faces of the pipe sections RF7, RE8 and a plurality of successive in the axial direction, separate Ku nststoff cast body be formed. In addition, the plastic material of the plastic body GKO or GKU penetrates through the wall openings in the tube walls of the pipe sections and the gaps in the longitudinal direction between the opposite ends of the individual pipe sections and is advantageously radially continues beyond the outer walls of the pipe sections and forms annular outer shells around the at least predominant outer surfaces of the pipe sections.

Fig. 23 shows an advantageous embodiment of a suitable for producing the plastic body GKU, GKO casting mold, which consists of two half-shells GH1, GH2, which includes enclosing the pipe sections between longitudinally successive plate sections QP8 and P7 and to a circumferentially closed shell, z , By external brackets. Advantageously, the half-shells may each have in the longitudinal direction at their ends arranged ring sections SG, which radially inwardly project from the walls of the half-shells delimiting the casting space and NEN for safe centering of the half shells GH1, GH2 supported around the pipe sections on the outer walls of the pipe sections nen , The half-shells of the mold may be made of an elastic material, which applies with sufficient sealing to the plate surfaces of the plate sections QP8, P7 and / or on the outer surfaces of the pipe sections.

The half-shell GH1 contains in the example sketched a funnel-shaped filling opening TO, through which the preferably low-viscosity plastic is introduced into the casting chamber.

24 is a sectional view of a detail of a TeN holding arrangement, for example around the tube axis RO7, RO8 with a casting The casting mold surrounds an annular casting space, which is bounded radially outwards by the half shells GH 1, GH 2 of the casting mold and is bounded radially inwardly by the rod-shaped element ST 8. At the left end of the rod-shaped element ST8, the annular gap to a shortened tube section RR8 of the second connection arrangement is limited by a ring AR which can effect both centering of the rod-shaped element ST8 within the tube section RR8 and sealing of the casting space in the axial direction. The casting chamber continues axially to the right through the pipe section RF7 of the first anchoring structure and is bounded on the right side of the plate P7 by a further casting mold radially outwards. In the section to the left of the plate P7, the mold for this part contains the funnel-shaped widened filling opening TO, through which the plastic can be introduced in the liquid phase. In the section on the right side of the plate P7, such a filling opening is not required, since the liquid plastic also propagates along the rod-shaped element ST8 in the longitudinal direction in the contiguous partial casting spaces. However, sufficient care must be taken to ensure that air can reliably escape from the individual partial casting spaces and complete filling of the partial casting spaces or of the casting space extending over the entire length with liquid plastic is ensured in order to form a complete plastic body ,

In a preferred embodiment, it is not formed integrally around the rod-shaped element in one piece over the entire length of the rod-shaped element, but rather in a plurality of partial bodies GKT which are separated from each other in the x-direction. divided, which may extend in the x-direction over one or preferably a plurality of pipe sections RF7, RE8 (or RR8). In FIG. 24, for this purpose, a casting mold with half shells GH 1 ', GH2' is formed on the right of the plate P7 such that annular webs of the casting mold between the mutually facing end faces of the tube sections RF7, RE8 extend radially substantially up to the rod-shaped one Element ST8 rich and two casting rooms in the x direction separate from each other, so that arise in the x direction separate plastic part-cast body. The subdivision in the x-direction into a plurality of partial cast bodies can be of particular advantage if the plastic of the plastic cast body and the preferably metallic material of the tubular sections have very different coefficients of thermal expansion.

FIG. 25 shows, with a second anchoring structure of identical construction to FIG. 18, a mold insert which does not contain any transverse wall plates, but has several mold cavities delimited by curved wall surfaces. The second anchoring structure in this case includes plate portions QP5 whose plate surfaces are substantially in yz planes and which are welded to a box containing the mold cavity walls. To the plate sections QP5, pipe sections RF5, which form two groups along pipe axes RO5, RU5, are again fastened analogously to FIG. In this case, in which the overall height of the mold is greater than in the example according to FIG. 18, the tube axes RO5, RU5 are vertically further spaced apart from each other and thus increase the lever of the support against torques about a tilting axis parallel to the longitudinal direction. In contrast to the examples according to FIGS. 17 to 25, FIG. 26 shows a variant of the design of pipe sections in which the mutually facing end faces of the opposing pipes do not lie in yz planes, but in variant (A) against such are inclined or staggered in variants (B) and (C) in the x direction. This results in the longitudinal direction x a cover portion LU of the longitudinally successive pipe ends, in which in addition to the indirect positive support on the rod-shaped elements ST6 in this overlap section LU also results in a direct positive support of the pipe sections RF6 a first anchoring structure and RE6 a second anchoring structure , Such courses with an overlapping section LU of pipe sections may be expedient if strongly different force loads occur in different directions.

The orientation of the inclined in FIGS. 26 (A) obliquely against the longitudinal axis end faces TT of the pipe sections can then be chosen so that the significantly greater force load Kmax occurs in a direction in which the direct positive support in the section LU is additionally effective , And the significantly lower load KL in substantially opposite direction without the action of the overlapping portion is intercepted by the then running at greater axial distance shorter wall portions of the pipe sections and the indirect form-fitting support on the rod-shaped elements ST6. A force flow curve KFM for a high force load Kmax and a force flow curve KFL for a smaller, Kmax opposing force load between the first anchoring structure with plates P6 and pipe sections RF6 and second anchoring structure with plate sections QP6 and pipe sections RE6 are indicated schematically by dotted lines, in particular for the course KFM in the area LU a direct radial power flow share between pipe sections RE6, RF6 is given over the plastic body GK6 and the rod-shaped element ST6.

Fig. 26 (B) shows a variant in which instead of the oblique course TT of the opposite end edges step-shaped edge courses TS are provided, which form in the overlapping portion substantially radially opposed pipe half-shells. In the variant according to FIG. 26 (C), it is provided that the mutually facing end faces TK are stepped several times alternately in the circumferential direction around the rod-shaped element and mesh with one another in the manner of a dog clutch. The number of jaws of each end face is preferably odd.

In Fig. 27 a variant is sketched, in which in an upper region of a holding arrangement a coupling between a first and a second anchoring structure by means of pipe sections RFO, a rod-shaped element STS and a casting GKS takes place in the manner described in previous examples. In a lower area, the holding arrangement contains a further partial holding arrangement, which has on the side of the first anchoring structure one or more first supporting bodies FK and on the side of the first anchoring structure. Ankerungsstruktur of the mold insert contains one or more second support body EK, and advantageously at least one arranged between the first and second support bodies GKK body of elastically damping material. The first support body FK is clamped by means of a clamping element ZE in the direction of the second support body EK with interposition of the elastically damping body GKK. In such a construction, torques are received in one direction, for example, on the flange bar with the first anchoring structure in a clockwise rotating action by the upper part holding arrangement and the tension member ZE. Torques in the opposite direction are intercepted by the interaction of the upper part-holding arrangement and the support of the support body FK against the support body EK via the body GKK.

The features mentioned above and the claims which can be taken from the images are advantageously realizable both individually and in various combinations. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described, but can be modified in many ways within the scope of expert knowledge.

Claims

Claims:

An apparatus for producing concrete blocks in a molding machine by compacting a concrete amount under the action of shaking forces, having a mold containing a flange assembly and a mold insert forming one or more mold cavities which are upwardly and downwardly open and laterally bounded by mold cavity walls , in which

- The lower openings of the mold are closed by a relative to the shape adjustable in height and against the lower boundary plane of the mold insert pressure pad

- In operation between forming machine and pad occurring forces on the flange and the insert is transmitted

- The flange assembly includes two flange strips, which face the mold insert on two opposite sides in a first horizontal direction and are each connected to transfer the pressing force via a respective holding arrangement with interlocking Anankerungsstruktu- ren with the mold insert

- The holding assembly includes at least two interlocking anchoring structures, wherein first anchoring structures with the flange and second anchoring structures are connected to the mold insert - The holding assembly includes at least one plastic molded body as a connecting body between different anchoring structures

- First and second anchoring structures are not directly in contact with each other

- The power flow of the forces between the first and second anchoring structures on the at least one connecting body extends

- The interlocking anchoring structures for force components in the vertical and in the first horizontal direction are positively supported against each other via the at least one connecting body.

2. A device according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one plastic body is a cast on the anchoring structures plastic casting.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic body encloses at least one retaining element completely encircling.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in addition to the first and the second anchoring structure, at least one further anchoring structure is present.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the further anchoring structure via the at least one plastic body is positively supported against the first and / or the second anchoring structure.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one holding element of at least one anchoring structure is rod-shaped and aligned in the longitudinal direction.

7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that at least two parallel aligned rod-shaped elements are provided.

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one anchoring structure has at least one passage in the longitudinal direction.

9. Apparatus according to claim 6 and 8, characterized in that a rod-shaped holding element engages in the passage and is surrounded by this.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the rod-shaped element is radially spaced from the inner wall surface of the passage and radially supported by a plastic body against the inner wall surface.

11.Vorrichtung according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the passage is formed by a tubular holding element.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one first tubular holding element of the first anchoring structures and at least one second tubular holding element of the second anchoring structure are arranged longitudinally successively with aligned tube axes and that a rod-shaped holding element engages continuously in both tubular holding elements.

13. The apparatus of claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the tubular holding element has at least one wall opening and the at least one plastic body extends into the opening.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the plastic body continues beyond the wall opening to the outside and at least partially covers the outer wall of the tubular support member.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the holding element is substantially completely embedded in plastic.

16. Device according to one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that at least two transversely spaced to the longitudinal direction Durchführun- conditions are each provided with a rod-shaped retaining element.